To enhance the computational density and energy efficiency of on-chip neuromorphic hardware,this study introduces a novel network architecture for multi-task processing with in-memory optical computing.On-chip optical...To enhance the computational density and energy efficiency of on-chip neuromorphic hardware,this study introduces a novel network architecture for multi-task processing with in-memory optical computing.On-chip optical neural networks are celebrated for their capability to transduce a substantial volume of parameters into optical form while conducting passive computing,yet they encounter challenges in scalability and multitasking.Leveraging the principles of transfer learning,this approach involves embedding the majority of parameters into fixed optical components and a minority into adjustable electrical components.Furthermore,with deep regression algorithm in modeling physical propagation process,a compact optical neural network achieve to handle diverse tasks.In this work,two ultra-compact in-memory diffraction-based chips with integration of more than 60,000 parameters/mm^(2) were fabricated,employing deep neural network model and the hard parameter sharing algorithm,to perform multifaceted classification and regression tasks,respectively.The experimental results demonstrate that these chips achieve accuracies comparable to those of electrical networks while significantly reducing the power-intensive digital computation by 90%.Our work heralds strong potential for advancing in-memory optical computing frameworks and next generation of artificial intelligence platforms.展开更多
Stuttering is a common neurological deficit and its underlying cognitive mechanisms are a matter of debate, with evidence suggesting abnormal modulation between speech encoding and other cognitive components. Previous...Stuttering is a common neurological deficit and its underlying cognitive mechanisms are a matter of debate, with evidence suggesting abnormal modulation between speech encoding and other cognitive components. Previous studies have mainly used single task experiments to investigate the disturbance of language production. It is unclear whether there is abnormal interaction between the three language tasks （orthographic, phonological and semantic judgment） in stuttering patients. This study used dual tasks and manipulated the stimulus onset asynchrony （SOA） between tasks 1 and 2 and the nature of the second task, including orthographic, phonological, and semantic judgments. The results showed that the performance records of orthographic judgment, phonological judgment, and semantic judgment were significantly reduced between the patient and control groups with short SOA （P 〈 0.05）. However, different patterns of interaction between task 2 and SOA were observed across subject groups： subjects with stuttering were more strongly modulated by SOA when the second task was semantic judgment or phonological judgment （P 〈 0.05）, but not in the orthographic judgment experiment （P 〉 0.05）. These results indicated that the interaction mechanism between semantic processing and phonological encoding might be an underlying cause for stuttering.展开更多
The implementation of product development process management (PDPM) is an effective means of developing products with higher quality in shorter lead time. It is argued in this paper that product, data, person and acti...The implementation of product development process management (PDPM) is an effective means of developing products with higher quality in shorter lead time. It is argued in this paper that product, data, person and activity are basic factors in PDPM With detailed analysis of these basic factors and their relations in product developmed process, all product development activities are considered as tasks and the management of product development process is regarded as the management of task execution A task decomposition based product development model is proposed with methods of constructing task relation matrix from layer model and constraint model resulted from task decomposition. An algorithm for constructing directed task graph is given and is used in the management of tasks. Finally, the usage and limitation of the proposed PDPM model is given with further work proposed.展开更多
在航空航天技术领域,代理模型发挥着关键作用。为平衡代理模型的训练成本与预测精度,需要发展能够有效挖掘多保真度数据间潜在相关性的建模方法。针对现有模型依赖预设核函数、缺乏数据自适应性的问题,提出了一种基于稀疏混合专家神经核...在航空航天技术领域,代理模型发挥着关键作用。为平衡代理模型的训练成本与预测精度,需要发展能够有效挖掘多保真度数据间潜在相关性的建模方法。针对现有模型依赖预设核函数、缺乏数据自适应性的问题,提出了一种基于稀疏混合专家神经核(mixture of experts neural kernel,MoENK)的多保真度代理模型。MoENK通过线性混合和乘积混合基本单元构造新核函数,选择性屏蔽中间结果以过滤噪声,并应用于多任务高斯过程中。将该方法应用于3个函数示例和2个翼型算例中,结果表明该方法的预测精度有较大提升,尤其在NACA0012翼型阻力系数的预测中,相较于次佳方法LR-MFS,RMSE和MAE分别降低了40.42%和44.70%。证实了所提出的MoENK核函数能够不依赖预设核函数进行自适应预测,具有良好的泛化能力和鲁棒性,为工程系统的代理模型构建提供了新的工具。展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Plan of China(2024YFE0203600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62135009).
文摘To enhance the computational density and energy efficiency of on-chip neuromorphic hardware,this study introduces a novel network architecture for multi-task processing with in-memory optical computing.On-chip optical neural networks are celebrated for their capability to transduce a substantial volume of parameters into optical form while conducting passive computing,yet they encounter challenges in scalability and multitasking.Leveraging the principles of transfer learning,this approach involves embedding the majority of parameters into fixed optical components and a minority into adjustable electrical components.Furthermore,with deep regression algorithm in modeling physical propagation process,a compact optical neural network achieve to handle diverse tasks.In this work,two ultra-compact in-memory diffraction-based chips with integration of more than 60,000 parameters/mm^(2) were fabricated,employing deep neural network model and the hard parameter sharing algorithm,to perform multifaceted classification and regression tasks,respectively.The experimental results demonstrate that these chips achieve accuracies comparable to those of electrical networks while significantly reducing the power-intensive digital computation by 90%.Our work heralds strong potential for advancing in-memory optical computing frameworks and next generation of artificial intelligence platforms.
基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,No.2001,#14the Capital Medical Development Science Research Program,No.2005-2003
文摘Stuttering is a common neurological deficit and its underlying cognitive mechanisms are a matter of debate, with evidence suggesting abnormal modulation between speech encoding and other cognitive components. Previous studies have mainly used single task experiments to investigate the disturbance of language production. It is unclear whether there is abnormal interaction between the three language tasks （orthographic, phonological and semantic judgment） in stuttering patients. This study used dual tasks and manipulated the stimulus onset asynchrony （SOA） between tasks 1 and 2 and the nature of the second task, including orthographic, phonological, and semantic judgments. The results showed that the performance records of orthographic judgment, phonological judgment, and semantic judgment were significantly reduced between the patient and control groups with short SOA （P 〈 0.05）. However, different patterns of interaction between task 2 and SOA were observed across subject groups： subjects with stuttering were more strongly modulated by SOA when the second task was semantic judgment or phonological judgment （P 〈 0.05）, but not in the orthographic judgment experiment （P 〉 0.05）. These results indicated that the interaction mechanism between semantic processing and phonological encoding might be an underlying cause for stuttering.
文摘The implementation of product development process management (PDPM) is an effective means of developing products with higher quality in shorter lead time. It is argued in this paper that product, data, person and activity are basic factors in PDPM With detailed analysis of these basic factors and their relations in product developmed process, all product development activities are considered as tasks and the management of product development process is regarded as the management of task execution A task decomposition based product development model is proposed with methods of constructing task relation matrix from layer model and constraint model resulted from task decomposition. An algorithm for constructing directed task graph is given and is used in the management of tasks. Finally, the usage and limitation of the proposed PDPM model is given with further work proposed.
文摘在航空航天技术领域,代理模型发挥着关键作用。为平衡代理模型的训练成本与预测精度,需要发展能够有效挖掘多保真度数据间潜在相关性的建模方法。针对现有模型依赖预设核函数、缺乏数据自适应性的问题,提出了一种基于稀疏混合专家神经核(mixture of experts neural kernel,MoENK)的多保真度代理模型。MoENK通过线性混合和乘积混合基本单元构造新核函数,选择性屏蔽中间结果以过滤噪声,并应用于多任务高斯过程中。将该方法应用于3个函数示例和2个翼型算例中,结果表明该方法的预测精度有较大提升,尤其在NACA0012翼型阻力系数的预测中,相较于次佳方法LR-MFS,RMSE和MAE分别降低了40.42%和44.70%。证实了所提出的MoENK核函数能够不依赖预设核函数进行自适应预测,具有良好的泛化能力和鲁棒性,为工程系统的代理模型构建提供了新的工具。
