BACKGROUND Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder currently lacking effective therapeutic interventions.Pathological hallmarks of AD include intracellular neurofibrillary tangles(NFTs)and ...BACKGROUND Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder currently lacking effective therapeutic interventions.Pathological hallmarks of AD include intracellular neurofibrillary tangles(NFTs)and extracellular amyloid beta(Aβ)plaques.Neuroplastin 65(NP65),highly expressed in the brain,has been previously shown to mitigate cognitive impairments and decrease Aβplaques in the AD mouse model,suggesting that NP65 is involved in AD neuropathology.However,direct evidence linking NP65 expression to AD pathogenesis in human brain remains absent.AIM To quantify NP65 isoform expression gradients across distinct neuroanatomical regions in the healthy brain and investigate the alterations of NP65 expression in the AD brain.METHODS Immunohistochemical,immunofluorescent and western blot analyses were used to investigate NP65 expression in 19 postmortem brains(AD=10,controls=9).Double immunostaining with 6E10 and or phosphorylated-microtubule-associated protein tau(AT-8,a marker for NFT)markers was performed to assess NP65 colocalization with Aβplaques and NFTs.RESULTS In controls,NP65 was highly expressed in a wide-range of brain areas.AD cases showed significantly increased NP65 immunoreactivity across multiple brain regions,including the frontal and temporal cortex,hippocampus,and cerebellum,compared to controls.Western blot analysis consistently confirmed significantly elevated NP65 expression in the hippocampus of AD patients relative to controls.Double immunostaining demonstrated partial colocalization of NP65 with NFTs and Aβplaques in AD brain tissue.CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate a significant increase of NP65 protein,which colocalizes with NFTs and Aβplaques in AD brains,providing direct evidence supporting a critical role of NP65 expression in the neuropathological mechanisms of this disease.展开更多
Using Majorana representation of symmetric N-qubit pure states, we have examined the monogamous nature of the family of states with two-distinct spinors, the W class of states. We have evaluated the N-concurrence tang...Using Majorana representation of symmetric N-qubit pure states, we have examined the monogamous nature of the family of states with two-distinct spinors, the W class of states. We have evaluated the N-concurrence tangle and showed that all the states in this family have vanishing concurrence tangle. The negativity tangle for the W class of states is shown to be non-zero, illustrating the fact that the concurrence tangle is always lesser than or equal to the negativity tangle in a pure N-qubit state.展开更多
As a key contributor to memory storage, the synapse is one of the earliest affected neuronal components in Alzheimer＇s disease （AD）. Under physiological conditions, the synaptic con- nections between neurons underg...As a key contributor to memory storage, the synapse is one of the earliest affected neuronal components in Alzheimer＇s disease （AD）. Under physiological conditions, the synaptic con- nections between neurons undergo activity-dependent func- tional and morphological re-organisation. This dynamic, ＇plastic＇ neural ability critically depends on the structural integrity of the synapse. Thus, proteins that are implicated in preserving the organisation and dynamics of synaptic connections, including microtubules of the cytoskeleton and associated proteins, have attracted much focus for their involvement in the malfunction- ing AD synapse.展开更多
In this article , we report 139 autopsy cases of medical tangle , which were examined by the Department of Forensic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tongji Medical University from Jan. 1972 to Dec. 1992.The emphasis is...In this article , we report 139 autopsy cases of medical tangle , which were examined by the Department of Forensic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tongji Medical University from Jan. 1972 to Dec. 1992.The emphasis is put on analyses of the status of medical tangle autopsy in forensic pathology, involved medical departments , distribution of victim's age and sex , differences between clinical diagnosis and autoptical conclusion, the composition and causes of medical tangle. The associated problems in forensic pathological autopsy are also discussed.展开更多
The concept of linear tangle was introduced as an obstruction to mixed searching number. The concept of (maximal) single ideal has been introduced as an obstruction to linear-width. Moreover, it was already known that...The concept of linear tangle was introduced as an obstruction to mixed searching number. The concept of (maximal) single ideal has been introduced as an obstruction to linear-width. Moreover, it was already known that mixed search number is equivalent to linear-width. Hence, by combining those results, we obtain a proof of the equivalence between linear tangle and maximal single ideal. This short report gives an alternative proof of the equivalence.展开更多
We evaluate the monogamy inequality for symmetric, non-symmetric pure states of importance in terms of squared concurrence, squared entanglement of formation, squared negativity of partial transpose and compare the co...We evaluate the monogamy inequality for symmetric, non-symmetric pure states of importance in terms of squared concurrence, squared entanglement of formation, squared negativity of partial transpose and compare the corresponding tangles. We show that though concurrence and concurrence tangle are zero for two special classes of mixed entangled states, both negativity tangle and entanglement of formation（EOF） tangle turn out to be non-zero. A comparison of different tangles is carried out in each case and it is shown that while the concurrence tangle captures the genuine multiqubit entanglement in N-qubit pure states with N distinct spinors（containing GHZ and superposition of W-, obverse W states）either negativity tangle or EOF tangle is to be used as a better measure of entanglement in the W-class of states with two distinct spinors and in the special classes of mixed multiqubit states.展开更多
WHEN a mutinous band of the Democratic Republic of the Congo （DRC） military precipitated the latest eruption of war in June, it was hardly surprising given the fragile situation in Africa＇s second largest and natur...WHEN a mutinous band of the Democratic Republic of the Congo （DRC） military precipitated the latest eruption of war in June, it was hardly surprising given the fragile situation in Africa＇s second largest and natural resources endowed country. DRC has not known a continuous period of peace and tranquility since the mid-1990s.展开更多
Alzheimer'sdisease(AD)isaprogressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive impairment and distinct neuropathological features,including amyloid-βplaques,neurofibrillary tangles,and reactive astrog...Alzheimer'sdisease(AD)isaprogressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive impairment and distinct neuropathological features,including amyloid-βplaques,neurofibrillary tangles,and reactive astrogliosis.Developing effective diagnostic,preventative,and therapeutic strategies for AD necessitates the establishment of animal models that accurately recapitulate the pathophysiological processes of the disease.Existing transgenic mouse models have significantly contributed to understanding AD pathology but often fail to replicate the complexity of human AD.Additionally,these models are limited in their ability to elucidate the interplay among amyloid-βplaques,neurofibrillary tangles,and reactive astrogliosis due to the absence of spatially and temporally specific genetic manipulation.In this study,we introduce a novel AD mouse model(APP/PS1-TauP301L-Adeno mice)designed to rapidly induce pathological symptoms and enhance understanding of AD mechanisms.Neurofibrillary tangles and severe reactive astrogliosis were induced by injecting AAVDJ-EF1a-hTauP301L-EGFP and Adeno-GFAP-GFP viruses into the hippocampi of 5-month-old APP/PS1 mice.Three months post-injection,these mice exhibited pronounced astrogliosis,substantial amyloid-βplaque accumulation,extensiveneurofibrillarytangles,accelerated neuronal loss,elevated astrocytic GABA levels,and significant spatial memory deficits.Notably,these pathological features were less severe in AAVTauP301L-expressing APP/PS1 mice without augmented reactive astrogliosis.These findings indicate an exacerbating role of severe reactive astrogliosis in amyloid-βplaque and neurofibrillary tangle-associated pathology.The APP/PS1-TauP301L-Adeno mouse model provides a valuable tool for advancing therapeutic research aimed at mitigating the progression of AD.展开更多
For decades,lignin-the rigid polymer that gives plants their structure-has been the“problem child”of green chemistry.When processed,its molecules tangle like stubborn knots,forming useless clumps.Then came 2024’s t...For decades,lignin-the rigid polymer that gives plants their structure-has been the“problem child”of green chemistry.When processed,its molecules tangle like stubborn knots,forming useless clumps.Then came 2024’s transformative solution-breaking lignin’s tangles at the molecular level.In that May,a team led by scientists from the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)came up with an approach to make this“knotty problem”profitable by hacking lignin’s chemistry to spin it into bio-bisphenols.展开更多
In this paper,we present a categorical version of the first and second fundamental theorems of the invariant theory for the quantized symplectic groups.Our methods depend on the theory of braided strict monoidal categ...In this paper,we present a categorical version of the first and second fundamental theorems of the invariant theory for the quantized symplectic groups.Our methods depend on the theory of braided strict monoidal categories which are pivotal,more explicitly,the diagram category of framed tangles.展开更多
In view of the fact that current data delivery methods are not enough to meet the security requirements of today’s distributed crowd sensing,and the data delivery methods are not flexible enough,this paper proposes a...In view of the fact that current data delivery methods are not enough to meet the security requirements of today’s distributed crowd sensing,and the data delivery methods are not flexible enough,this paper proposes a crowd sensing data interaction method based on tangle directed acyclic graph(DAG)network.In this method,users and platforms are regarded as nodes of the network in the process of performing crowd sensing tasks.First,the heaviest chain is generated through the main chain strategy to ensure the stability of the network.Then,the hidden Markov model(HMM)prediction model is used to improve the correlation of the perceived data to improve the performance.Then,the confidential transaction and commitment algorithm is used to ensure the reliability of the transaction,overcome the security risks faced by the trusted third party,and simplify the group intelligence aware transaction mode.Finally,through simulation experiments,the security and feasibility of the group intelligence aware data delivery method based on tangle DAG network are verified.展开更多
Declining recognition of top university lists prompts China to look for new ways to evaluate its higher learning institutions Zhejiang University for the first time has overtaken Peking University and Tsinghua Univers...Declining recognition of top university lists prompts China to look for new ways to evaluate its higher learning institutions Zhejiang University for the first time has overtaken Peking University and Tsinghua University to rank No.1 on the latest list of Chinese college rankings.The rankings are an important part of the book Picking Your University展开更多
Syria’s ties to Russia and Iran make Western intervention unlikely After the fall of Muammar Gaddafi in Libya,Syria appeared to be the next target of Western powers.They have declared sanctions against Syria and publ...Syria’s ties to Russia and Iran make Western intervention unlikely After the fall of Muammar Gaddafi in Libya,Syria appeared to be the next target of Western powers.They have declared sanctions against Syria and publicly demanded Syrian President Bashar al-Assad step down.This Middle Eastern country now展开更多
How does it feel,to be sitting at a Bob Dylan concert in Beijing?I had to keep asking myself that question when the living legend sauntered on to the stage at the Beijing Worker’s Gymnasium.The troubadour who blew in...How does it feel,to be sitting at a Bob Dylan concert in Beijing?I had to keep asking myself that question when the living legend sauntered on to the stage at the Beijing Worker’s Gymnasium.The troubadour who blew in the wind like the pied piper all those years ago and has managed to roll展开更多
The Mao-era public radio speakers are disappearing from China’s villages,but not everyone is happy中国农村的“大喇叭”广播曾给一代人留下了难忘的记忆,而现在它正离我们远去Wake up at 7 a.m.in rural China and you’ll lik...The Mao-era public radio speakers are disappearing from China’s villages,but not everyone is happy中国农村的“大喇叭”广播曾给一代人留下了难忘的记忆,而现在它正离我们远去Wake up at 7 a.m.in rural China and you’ll likely hear the melodic strains of a love song,a popular talk show,or the local news wafting from an old speaker strung up on a telephone pole in the largest public space in the village.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81771441 and No.81371213the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai,No.21ZR1468400.
文摘BACKGROUND Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder currently lacking effective therapeutic interventions.Pathological hallmarks of AD include intracellular neurofibrillary tangles(NFTs)and extracellular amyloid beta(Aβ)plaques.Neuroplastin 65(NP65),highly expressed in the brain,has been previously shown to mitigate cognitive impairments and decrease Aβplaques in the AD mouse model,suggesting that NP65 is involved in AD neuropathology.However,direct evidence linking NP65 expression to AD pathogenesis in human brain remains absent.AIM To quantify NP65 isoform expression gradients across distinct neuroanatomical regions in the healthy brain and investigate the alterations of NP65 expression in the AD brain.METHODS Immunohistochemical,immunofluorescent and western blot analyses were used to investigate NP65 expression in 19 postmortem brains(AD=10,controls=9).Double immunostaining with 6E10 and or phosphorylated-microtubule-associated protein tau(AT-8,a marker for NFT)markers was performed to assess NP65 colocalization with Aβplaques and NFTs.RESULTS In controls,NP65 was highly expressed in a wide-range of brain areas.AD cases showed significantly increased NP65 immunoreactivity across multiple brain regions,including the frontal and temporal cortex,hippocampus,and cerebellum,compared to controls.Western blot analysis consistently confirmed significantly elevated NP65 expression in the hippocampus of AD patients relative to controls.Double immunostaining demonstrated partial colocalization of NP65 with NFTs and Aβplaques in AD brain tissue.CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate a significant increase of NP65 protein,which colocalizes with NFTs and Aβplaques in AD brains,providing direct evidence supporting a critical role of NP65 expression in the neuropathological mechanisms of this disease.
基金supported by Department of Science and Technology,Government of India through the award of INSPIRE fellowship
文摘Using Majorana representation of symmetric N-qubit pure states, we have examined the monogamous nature of the family of states with two-distinct spinors, the W class of states. We have evaluated the N-concurrence tangle and showed that all the states in this family have vanishing concurrence tangle. The negativity tangle for the W class of states is shown to be non-zero, illustrating the fact that the concurrence tangle is always lesser than or equal to the negativity tangle in a pure N-qubit state.
基金supported by grant SDU2020 to Prof.Bente Finsen and Prof.Martin R.Larsen(COPING AD–Collaborative Project on the Interaction between Neurons and Glia in Alzheimer’s Disease)
文摘As a key contributor to memory storage, the synapse is one of the earliest affected neuronal components in Alzheimer＇s disease （AD）. Under physiological conditions, the synaptic con- nections between neurons undergo activity-dependent func- tional and morphological re-organisation. This dynamic, ＇plastic＇ neural ability critically depends on the structural integrity of the synapse. Thus, proteins that are implicated in preserving the organisation and dynamics of synaptic connections, including microtubules of the cytoskeleton and associated proteins, have attracted much focus for their involvement in the malfunction- ing AD synapse.
文摘In this article , we report 139 autopsy cases of medical tangle , which were examined by the Department of Forensic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Tongji Medical University from Jan. 1972 to Dec. 1992.The emphasis is put on analyses of the status of medical tangle autopsy in forensic pathology, involved medical departments , distribution of victim's age and sex , differences between clinical diagnosis and autoptical conclusion, the composition and causes of medical tangle. The associated problems in forensic pathological autopsy are also discussed.
文摘The concept of linear tangle was introduced as an obstruction to mixed searching number. The concept of (maximal) single ideal has been introduced as an obstruction to linear-width. Moreover, it was already known that mixed search number is equivalent to linear-width. Hence, by combining those results, we obtain a proof of the equivalence between linear tangle and maximal single ideal. This short report gives an alternative proof of the equivalence.
基金support of the Department of Science and Technology (DST),Govt.of India through the award of the INSPIRE fellowship
文摘We evaluate the monogamy inequality for symmetric, non-symmetric pure states of importance in terms of squared concurrence, squared entanglement of formation, squared negativity of partial transpose and compare the corresponding tangles. We show that though concurrence and concurrence tangle are zero for two special classes of mixed entangled states, both negativity tangle and entanglement of formation（EOF） tangle turn out to be non-zero. A comparison of different tangles is carried out in each case and it is shown that while the concurrence tangle captures the genuine multiqubit entanglement in N-qubit pure states with N distinct spinors（containing GHZ and superposition of W-, obverse W states）either negativity tangle or EOF tangle is to be used as a better measure of entanglement in the W-class of states with two distinct spinors and in the special classes of mixed multiqubit states.
文摘WHEN a mutinous band of the Democratic Republic of the Congo （DRC） military precipitated the latest eruption of war in June, it was hardly surprising given the fragile situation in Africa＇s second largest and natural resources endowed country. DRC has not known a continuous period of peace and tranquility since the mid-1990s.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)funded by the Ministry of Science,ICT&Future Planning (2022R1A2C2006229,2022R1A6A3A01086868)Korea Dementia Research Project through the Korea Dementia Research Center (KDRC)funded by the Ministry of Health&Welfare and Ministry of Science and ICT,Republic of Korea (RS-2024-00345328)KIST Institutional Grant (2E32851)。
文摘Alzheimer'sdisease(AD)isaprogressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive impairment and distinct neuropathological features,including amyloid-βplaques,neurofibrillary tangles,and reactive astrogliosis.Developing effective diagnostic,preventative,and therapeutic strategies for AD necessitates the establishment of animal models that accurately recapitulate the pathophysiological processes of the disease.Existing transgenic mouse models have significantly contributed to understanding AD pathology but often fail to replicate the complexity of human AD.Additionally,these models are limited in their ability to elucidate the interplay among amyloid-βplaques,neurofibrillary tangles,and reactive astrogliosis due to the absence of spatially and temporally specific genetic manipulation.In this study,we introduce a novel AD mouse model(APP/PS1-TauP301L-Adeno mice)designed to rapidly induce pathological symptoms and enhance understanding of AD mechanisms.Neurofibrillary tangles and severe reactive astrogliosis were induced by injecting AAVDJ-EF1a-hTauP301L-EGFP and Adeno-GFAP-GFP viruses into the hippocampi of 5-month-old APP/PS1 mice.Three months post-injection,these mice exhibited pronounced astrogliosis,substantial amyloid-βplaque accumulation,extensiveneurofibrillarytangles,accelerated neuronal loss,elevated astrocytic GABA levels,and significant spatial memory deficits.Notably,these pathological features were less severe in AAVTauP301L-expressing APP/PS1 mice without augmented reactive astrogliosis.These findings indicate an exacerbating role of severe reactive astrogliosis in amyloid-βplaque and neurofibrillary tangle-associated pathology.The APP/PS1-TauP301L-Adeno mouse model provides a valuable tool for advancing therapeutic research aimed at mitigating the progression of AD.
文摘For decades,lignin-the rigid polymer that gives plants their structure-has been the“problem child”of green chemistry.When processed,its molecules tangle like stubborn knots,forming useless clumps.Then came 2024’s transformative solution-breaking lignin’s tangles at the molecular level.In that May,a team led by scientists from the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)came up with an approach to make this“knotty problem”profitable by hacking lignin’s chemistry to spin it into bio-bisphenols.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11301195)China Scholarship Council and a research foundation of Huaqiao University(Grant No.2014KJTD14)。
文摘In this paper,we present a categorical version of the first and second fundamental theorems of the invariant theory for the quantized symplectic groups.Our methods depend on the theory of braided strict monoidal categories which are pivotal,more explicitly,the diagram category of framed tangles.
文摘In view of the fact that current data delivery methods are not enough to meet the security requirements of today’s distributed crowd sensing,and the data delivery methods are not flexible enough,this paper proposes a crowd sensing data interaction method based on tangle directed acyclic graph(DAG)network.In this method,users and platforms are regarded as nodes of the network in the process of performing crowd sensing tasks.First,the heaviest chain is generated through the main chain strategy to ensure the stability of the network.Then,the hidden Markov model(HMM)prediction model is used to improve the correlation of the perceived data to improve the performance.Then,the confidential transaction and commitment algorithm is used to ensure the reliability of the transaction,overcome the security risks faced by the trusted third party,and simplify the group intelligence aware transaction mode.Finally,through simulation experiments,the security and feasibility of the group intelligence aware data delivery method based on tangle DAG network are verified.
文摘Declining recognition of top university lists prompts China to look for new ways to evaluate its higher learning institutions Zhejiang University for the first time has overtaken Peking University and Tsinghua University to rank No.1 on the latest list of Chinese college rankings.The rankings are an important part of the book Picking Your University
文摘Syria’s ties to Russia and Iran make Western intervention unlikely After the fall of Muammar Gaddafi in Libya,Syria appeared to be the next target of Western powers.They have declared sanctions against Syria and publicly demanded Syrian President Bashar al-Assad step down.This Middle Eastern country now
文摘How does it feel,to be sitting at a Bob Dylan concert in Beijing?I had to keep asking myself that question when the living legend sauntered on to the stage at the Beijing Worker’s Gymnasium.The troubadour who blew in the wind like the pied piper all those years ago and has managed to roll
文摘The Mao-era public radio speakers are disappearing from China’s villages,but not everyone is happy中国农村的“大喇叭”广播曾给一代人留下了难忘的记忆,而现在它正离我们远去Wake up at 7 a.m.in rural China and you’ll likely hear the melodic strains of a love song,a popular talk show,or the local news wafting from an old speaker strung up on a telephone pole in the largest public space in the village.
