The growing global climate crisis linked to rising atmospheric CO_(2)levels calls for urgent and innovative solutions.Fixing CO_(2)as valuable solid carbon products,such as carbon nanofibers or nanotubes(CNFs or CNTs)...The growing global climate crisis linked to rising atmospheric CO_(2)levels calls for urgent and innovative solutions.Fixing CO_(2)as valuable solid carbon products,such as carbon nanofibers or nanotubes(CNFs or CNTs),offers a promising way to potentially achieve net-negative CO_(2)emissions.However,direct CO_(2)-to-solid carbon faces significant thermodynamic and kinetic constraints,especially under mild reaction conditions.This mini-review compares three emerging approaches for CO_(2)conversion into solid carbon:(1)using molten salt at high temperatures to produce CNFs or CNTs,(2)converting CO_(2)to amorphous carbon with pyrophoric liquid metals at near room temperature,and(3)employing an electrocatalytic-thermocatalytic tandem process to produce CNFs at relatively mild temperatures.We examine the underlying principles,thermodynamic driving forces,and recent advances of each approach,and discuss the challenges and opportunities in catalyst development,reactor design,and energy management.We aim to highlight CO_(2)fixation,facilitate net-negative CO_(2)emissions,and stimulate more innovations for both environmental and economic benefits.展开更多
基金financially supported by the Division of Chemical Sciences,Geosciences,&Biosciences,Office of Basic Energy Sciences(contract number DESC0012704)of the U.S.Department of Energy.
文摘The growing global climate crisis linked to rising atmospheric CO_(2)levels calls for urgent and innovative solutions.Fixing CO_(2)as valuable solid carbon products,such as carbon nanofibers or nanotubes(CNFs or CNTs),offers a promising way to potentially achieve net-negative CO_(2)emissions.However,direct CO_(2)-to-solid carbon faces significant thermodynamic and kinetic constraints,especially under mild reaction conditions.This mini-review compares three emerging approaches for CO_(2)conversion into solid carbon:(1)using molten salt at high temperatures to produce CNFs or CNTs,(2)converting CO_(2)to amorphous carbon with pyrophoric liquid metals at near room temperature,and(3)employing an electrocatalytic-thermocatalytic tandem process to produce CNFs at relatively mild temperatures.We examine the underlying principles,thermodynamic driving forces,and recent advances of each approach,and discuss the challenges and opportunities in catalyst development,reactor design,and energy management.We aim to highlight CO_(2)fixation,facilitate net-negative CO_(2)emissions,and stimulate more innovations for both environmental and economic benefits.
