In this paper,we present a Deep Neural Network(DNN)based framework that employs Radio Frequency(RF)hologram tensors to locate multiple Ultra-High Frequency(UHF)passive Radio-Frequency Identification(RFID)tags.The RF h...In this paper,we present a Deep Neural Network(DNN)based framework that employs Radio Frequency(RF)hologram tensors to locate multiple Ultra-High Frequency(UHF)passive Radio-Frequency Identification(RFID)tags.The RF hologram tensor exhibits a strong relationship between observation and spatial location,helping to improve the robustness to dynamic environments and equipment.Since RFID data is often marred by noise,we implement two types of deep neural network architectures to clean up the RF hologram tensor.Leveraging the spatial relationship between tags,the deep networks effectively mitigate fake peaks in the hologram tensors resulting from multipath propagation and phase wrapping.In contrast to fingerprinting-based localization systems that use deep networks as classifiers,our deep networks in the proposed framework treat the localization task as a regression problem preserving the ambiguity between fingerprints.We also present an intuitive peak finding algorithm to obtain estimated locations using the sanitized hologram tensors.The proposed framework is implemented using commodity RFID devices,and its superior performance is validated through extensive experiments.展开更多
Powdery mildew is a serious disease of wheat in China. As part of ITEC (International Triteace EST cooperation), EST (expressed sequence tags) technique was used to explore the gene expression in leaf induced by Ery...Powdery mildew is a serious disease of wheat in China. As part of ITEC (International Triteace EST cooperation), EST (expressed sequence tags) technique was used to explore the gene expression in leaf induced by Erysiphe graminis DC. A conventional cDNA library was constructed, and a total of 1 500 clones picked randomly from the library were sequenced, three hundred and eighty_seven ESTs of them were unique, which got the Accession Number in GenBank. About 49.4% ESTs showed significant similarity to functions of known sequences in GenBank. There are 196 ESTs' with functions not able to be determined, and eighty_four ESTs were demonstrated to be novel sequences. High_density dot membranes from unique clones were produced, and several disease resistance related genes were screened by differential hybridization.展开更多
In a distributed Web server system where tasks are unpreemptible,the most important issue for improving quality of service (QoS) is how to realize fairness and reduce average slow down. In this paper we present an alg...In a distributed Web server system where tasks are unpreemptible,the most important issue for improving quality of service (QoS) is how to realize fairness and reduce average slow down. In this paper we present an algorithm named Scalable TAGS by integrating Central Queue algorithm and Task Assignment by Guessing Size (TAGS), together with its performance analysis, system parameter setting algorithm subject to fairness requirement, and optimal grouping method.展开更多
This paper presents a low voltage, low power RF/analog front-end circuit for passive ultra high frequency （UHF） radio frequency identification （RFID） tags. Temperature compensation is achieved by a reference gener...This paper presents a low voltage, low power RF/analog front-end circuit for passive ultra high frequency （UHF） radio frequency identification （RFID） tags. Temperature compensation is achieved by a reference generator using sub-threshold techniques. The chip maintains a steady system clock in a temperature range from - 40 to 100℃. Some novel building blocks are developed to save system power consumption,including a zero static current power-on reset circuit and a voltage regulator. The RF/analog front-end circuit is implemented with digital base-band and EEPROM to construct a whole tag chip in 0. 18μm CMOS EEPROM technology without Schottcky diodes. Measured results show that the chip has a minimum supply voltage requirement of 0.75V. At this voltage, the total current consumption of the RF/analog frontend circuit is 4.6μA.展开更多
Zostera marina, a monocotyledonous angiosperm, is one of the most important seagrass species. To inves- tigate the salt-tolerance mechanism and discover salt-tolerant genes in Z. marina, a cDNA library was con- struct...Zostera marina, a monocotyledonous angiosperm, is one of the most important seagrass species. To inves- tigate the salt-tolerance mechanism and discover salt-tolerant genes in Z. marina, a cDNA library was con- structed. Single-pass sequencing of the 5＇ ends of 4 081 clones yielded 4 002 high quality expressed sequence tags （ESTs）, which were assembled into 241 contigs and 1 673 singletons, representing 1 914 unigenes. The average length of the ESTs was 582 bp, with sizes ranging from 100-1 500 bp. Basic Local Alignment Search Tool （BLASTX） analysis revealed that 1 664 unigenes had significant homology to known genes in the Na- tional Center for Biotechnology Information （NCBI） non-redundant （nr） database （E-value≤5-10）. Among them, the two most abundant genes encoded metallothionein （157 ESTs） and chlorophyll a/b-binding pro- tein （38 ESTs）, accounting for 7.1% and 1.7% of the total ESTs, respectively. Using Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG）, 1 462 unigenes were assigned to 1 161 pathways （E-value≤5-10）. A total of 938 unigenes were assigned Gene Ontology （GO） terms based on the GO hierarchy analysis, and InterProScan searches recognized 1 003 InterPro families. Three genes for metallothionein in Z. marina that belonged to Class II was identified. Results of this study will improve understanding of the molecular mechanisms of saline tolerance in Z. marina.展开更多
Kai-Xin-San consists of Ginseng Radix, Polygalae Radix, Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma, and Poria at a ratio of 3:3:2:2. Kai-Xin-San has been widely used for the treatment of emotional disorders in China. However, no studi...Kai-Xin-San consists of Ginseng Radix, Polygalae Radix, Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma, and Poria at a ratio of 3:3:2:2. Kai-Xin-San has been widely used for the treatment of emotional disorders in China. However, no studies have identified the key proteins implicated in response to Kai-Xin-San treatment. In this study, rat models of chronic mild stress were established using different stress methods over 28 days. After 14 days of stress stimulation, rats received daily intragastric administrations of 600 mg/kg Kai-Xin-San. The sucrose preference test was used to determine depression-like behavior in rats, while isobaric tags were used for relative and absolute quantitation-based proteomics to identify altered proteins following Kai-Xin-San treatment. Kai-Xin-San treatment for 2 weeks noticeably improved depression-like behaviors in rats with chronic mild stress. We identified 33 differentially expressed proteins: 7 were upregulated and 26 were downregulated. Functional analysis showed that these differentially expressed proteins participate in synaptic plasticity, neurodevelopment, and neurogenesis. Our results indicate that Kai-Xin-San has an important role in regulating the key node proteins in the synaptic signaling network, and are helpful to better understand the mechanism of the antidepressive effects of Kai-Xin-San and to provide objective theoretical support for its clinical application. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee for Animal Research from the Chinese PLA General Hospital(approval No. X5-2016-07) on March 5, 2016.展开更多
Sensory and motor nerve fibers of peripheral nerves have different anatomies and regeneration functions after injury. To gain a clear understanding of the biological processes behind these differences, we used a label...Sensory and motor nerve fibers of peripheral nerves have different anatomies and regeneration functions after injury. To gain a clear understanding of the biological processes behind these differences, we used a labeling technique termed isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation to investigate the protein profiles of spinal nerve tissues from Sprague-Dawley rats. In response to Wallerian degeneration, a total of 626 proteins were screened in sensory nerves, of which 368 were upregulated and 258 were downregulated. In addition, 637 proteins were screened in motor nerves, of which 372 were upregulated and 265 were downregulated. All identified proteins were analyzed using the Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis of bioinformatics, and the presence of several key proteins closely related to Wallerian degeneration were tested and verified using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analyses. The differentially expressed proteins only identified in the sensory nerves were mainly relevant to various biological processes that included cell-cell adhesion, carbohydrate metabolic processes and cell adhesion, whereas differentially expressed proteins only identified in the motor nerves were mainly relevant to biological processes associated with the glycolytic process, cell redox homeostasis, and protein folding. In the aspect of the cellular component, the differentially expressed proteins in the sensory and motor nerves were commonly related to extracellular exosomes, the myelin sheath, and focal adhesion. According to the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, the differentially expressed proteins identified are primarily related to various types of metabolic pathways. In conclusion, the present study screened differentially expressed proteins to reveal more about the differences and similarities between sensory and motor nerves during Wallerian degeneration. The present findings could provide a reference point for a future investigation into the differences between sensory and motor nerves in Wallerian degeneration and the characteristics of peripheral nerve regeneration. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, China(approval No. 2016-x9-07) in September 2016.展开更多
In 2008, a green tide broke out before the sailing competition of the 29th Olympic Games in Qingdao. The causative species was determined to be Enteromorpha prolifera （Ulva prolifera O. F. Miiller）, a familiar green...In 2008, a green tide broke out before the sailing competition of the 29th Olympic Games in Qingdao. The causative species was determined to be Enteromorpha prolifera （Ulva prolifera O. F. Miiller）, a familiar green macroalga along the coastline of China. Rapid accumulation of a large biomass of floating U. prolifera prompted research on different aspects of this species. In this study, we constructed a nonnormalized cDNA library from the thalli of U. prolifera and acquired 10072 high-quality expressed sequence tags （ESTs）. These ESTs were assembled into 3 519 nonredundant gene groups, including 1 446 clusters and 2 073 singletons. After annotation with the nr database, a large number of genes were found to be related with chloroplast and ribosomal protein, GO functional classification showed 1 418 ESTs participated in photosynthesis and 1 359 ESTs were responsible for the generation of precursor metabolites and energy. In addition, rather comprehensive carbon fixation pathways were found in U. prolifera using KEGG. Some stress-related and signal transduction-related genes were also found in this study. All the evidences displayed that U. prolifera had substance and energy foundation for the intense photosynthesis and the rapid proliferation. Phylogenetic analysis of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I revealed that this green-tide causative species is most closely affiliated to Pseudendoclonium akinetum （Ulvophyceae）.展开更多
The TaGS3 homoeologous genes(homoeologs)located on chromosomes 7 A,4 A,and7 D in hexaploid wheat were cloned.Relative expression analysis of the three Ta GS3 homoeologs revealed that the expression levels of TaGS3-4 A...The TaGS3 homoeologous genes(homoeologs)located on chromosomes 7 A,4 A,and7 D in hexaploid wheat were cloned.Relative expression analysis of the three Ta GS3 homoeologs revealed that the expression levels of TaGS3-4 A and TaGS3-7 D in developing grains were higher than that of TaGS3-7 A.Genetic evidence showed that Ta GS3 was a negative regulator of grain weight and grain size.Fifteen polymorphic sites and five haplotypes were detected in TaGS3-4 A.Two molecular markers were developed to distinguish the five haplotypes.Association analysis using 260 accessions from Chinese wheat mini-core collection(MCC)indicated that TaGS3-4 A affected thousand grain weight(TGW)and grain length(GL).HAP-4 A-1 and HAP-4 A-2 were favorable haplotypes that increased TGW and GL and had undergone strong selection during domestication of wheat.In addition,interaction of the TaGS3-4 A and TaGS3-7 D homoeologs had significant additive effects on the grain traits.Hap-4 A-1/Hap-7 D-2 was the best haplotype combination in increasing TGW and GL.The frequencies and geographic distributions of favorable TaGS3 haplotypes among 1388 wheat accessions from worldwide sources provided clues for selection of yield-related traits.Our findings demonstrated that TaGS3-4 A had significant effects on TGW and GL.Marker-assisted selection of HAP-4 A-1/2 combined with HAP-7 D-2 has potential to increase wheat yields.展开更多
With the rapid development of social network in recent years, a huge number of social information has been produced. As traditional recommender systems often face data sparsity and cold-start problem, the use of socia...With the rapid development of social network in recent years, a huge number of social information has been produced. As traditional recommender systems often face data sparsity and cold-start problem, the use of social information has attracted many researchers' attention to improve the prediction accuracy of recommender systems. Social trust and social relation have been proven useful to improve the performance of recommendation. Based on the classic collaborative filtering technique, we propose a PCCTTF recommender method that takes the rating time of users, social trust among users, and item tags into consideration, then do the item recommending. Experimental results show that the PCCTTF method has better prediction accuracy than classical collaborative filtering technique and the state-of-the-art recommender methods, and can also effectively alleviate data sparsity and cold-start problem. Furthermore, the PCCTTF method has better performance than all the compared methods while counting against shilling attacks.展开更多
It is a challenge for passive RFID tags to be mounted on the surface of metal because the parameters of tag antennas,such as the impedance matching,the radiation efficiency and the radiation pattern,are seriously affe...It is a challenge for passive RFID tags to be mounted on the surface of metal because the parameters of tag antennas,such as the impedance matching,the radiation efficiency and the radiation pattern,are seriously affected by the metallic surface.This paper presents the characteristics of the dipole-like antennas of ultra high frequency(UHF) radio frequency identification(RFID) tags that are placed close to metallic surfaces.The finite element method(FEM) and method of moment(MoM) were used to simulate the changes of the antenna parameters near the metallic surface.Two typical dipole-like antennas close to the metallic surface,a closed loop antenna and a loaded meander antenna,were modeled,and the performance was evaluated.Experiment was carried out and the results were in good agreement with the simulation,showing that a distance of 0.05λ～0.1λ(λ is the free space wavelength) from the metallic surface could make the dipole-like UHF RFID tag performance be acceptable.展开更多
In a passive ultra-high frequency(UHF)radio frequency identification(RFID)system,the recovery of collided tag signals on a physical layer can enhance identification efficiency.However,frequency drift is very common in...In a passive ultra-high frequency(UHF)radio frequency identification(RFID)system,the recovery of collided tag signals on a physical layer can enhance identification efficiency.However,frequency drift is very common in UHF RFID systems,and will have an influence on the recovery on the physical layer.To address the problem of recovery with the frequency drift,this paper adopts a radial basis function(RBF)network to separate the collision signals,and decode the signals via FM0 to recovery collided RFID tags.Numerical results show that the method in this paper has better performance of symbol error rate(SER)and separation efficiency compared to conventional methods when frequency drift occurs.展开更多
Blocker tag attack is one of the denial-of-service(DoS)attacks that threatens the privacy and security of RFID systems.The attacker interferes with the blocked tag by simulating a fake tag with the same ID,thus causin...Blocker tag attack is one of the denial-of-service(DoS)attacks that threatens the privacy and security of RFID systems.The attacker interferes with the blocked tag by simulating a fake tag with the same ID,thus causing a collision of message replies.In many practical scenarios,the number of blocked tags may vary,or even be small.For example,the attacker may only block the important customers or high-value items.To avoid the disclosure of privacy and economic losses,it is of great importance to fast pinpoint these blocked ones.However,existing works do not take into account the impact of the number of blocked tags on the execution time and suffer from incomplete identification of blocked tags,long identification time or privacy leakage.To overcome these limits,we propose a cross layer blocked tag identification protocol(CLBI).CLBI consists of multiple rounds,in which it enables multiple unblocked tags to select one time slot and concurrently verify them by using tag estimation in physical layer.Benefiting from the utilization of most collision slots,the execution time can be greatly reduced.Furthermore,for efficient identification of blocked tags under different proportions,we propose a hybrid protocol named adaptive cross layer blocked tag identification protocol(A-CLBI),which estimates the remaining blocked tag in each round and adjusts the identification strategy accordingly.Extensive simulations show that our protocol outperforms state-of-the-art blocked tags identification protocol.展开更多
Porcine skeletal muscle genes play a major role in determining muscle growth and meat quality. Construction of a full-length cDNA library is an effective way to understand the expression of functional genes in muscle ...Porcine skeletal muscle genes play a major role in determining muscle growth and meat quality. Construction of a full-length cDNA library is an effective way to understand the expression of functional genes in muscle tissues. In addition, novel genes for further research could be identified in the library. In this study, we constructed a full-length cDNA library from porcine muscle tissue. The estimated average size of the cDNA inserts was 1 076 bp, and the cDNA fullness ratio was 86.2%. A total of 1 058 unique sequences with 342 contigs （32.3%） and 716 singleton （67.7%） expressed sequence tags （EST） were obtained by clustering and assembling. Meanwhile, 826 （78.1%） ESTs were categorized as known genes, and 232 （21.9%） ESTs were categorized as unknown genes. 65 novel porcine genes that exhibit no identity in the TIGR gene index of Sus scrofa and 124 full-length sequences with unknown functions were deposited in the dbEST division of GenBank （accession numbers： EU650784-EU650788, GE843306, GH228978-GH229100）. The abundantly expressed genes in porcine muscle tissue were related to muscle fiber development, energy metabolism and protein synthesis. Gene ontology analysis showed that sequences expressed in porcine muscle tissue contained a high percentage of binding activity, catalytic activity, structural molecule activity and motor activity, which involved mainly in metabolic, cellular and developmental process, distributed mainly in intracellular region. The sequence data generated in this study would provide valuable information for identifying porcine genes expressed in muscle tissue and help to advance the study on the structure and function of genes in pigs.展开更多
A normalized full-length cDNA library was constructed from the coralloid roots of Cycas debaoensis by the DSN （duplex-specific nuclease） normalization method combined with the SMART （Switching Mechanism At 5＇ end ...A normalized full-length cDNA library was constructed from the coralloid roots of Cycas debaoensis by the DSN （duplex-specific nuclease） normalization method combined with the SMART （Switching Mechanism At 5＇ end of the RNA Transcript） technique. The titer of the original cDNA library was about 1.5 × 10^6 cfu·mL^-1 and the average insertion size was about 1 kb with a high recombination rate （97%）. The 5011 high-quality expressed sequence tags （ESTs） were obtained from 5393 randomly picked cDNA clones. Clustering and assembly of ESTs resulted in 2984 unique sequences, consisting of 618 contigs and 2366 singlets. EST sequence annotation revealed that 2333 and 1901 unigenes were functionally anno- tated in the NCBI non-redundant database and Swiss-Prot protein database, respectively. Functional analysis demonstrated that 1495 （50.1%） unigenes were associated with 4082 Gene Ontology （GO） terms. A total of 847 unigenes were grouped into 22 Cluster of Orthologous Groups （COG） functional categories. Based on the EST dataset, 22 ESTs that encoded putative receptor-like protein kinase （RLK） genes were screened. Furthermore, a total of 94 simple sequence repeats （SSRs） were discovered, of which 20 loci were successfully amplified in C debaoensis. This study is the first EST analysis for the coralloid roots of C debaoensis and provides a valuable genomic resource for novel gene discovery, gene expression and comparative genomics, conservation and management studies as well as applications in C debaoensis and related cycad species.展开更多
基金supported in part by the U.S.National Science Foundation(NSF)under Grants ECCS-2245608 and ECCS-2245607。
文摘In this paper,we present a Deep Neural Network(DNN)based framework that employs Radio Frequency(RF)hologram tensors to locate multiple Ultra-High Frequency(UHF)passive Radio-Frequency Identification(RFID)tags.The RF hologram tensor exhibits a strong relationship between observation and spatial location,helping to improve the robustness to dynamic environments and equipment.Since RFID data is often marred by noise,we implement two types of deep neural network architectures to clean up the RF hologram tensor.Leveraging the spatial relationship between tags,the deep networks effectively mitigate fake peaks in the hologram tensors resulting from multipath propagation and phase wrapping.In contrast to fingerprinting-based localization systems that use deep networks as classifiers,our deep networks in the proposed framework treat the localization task as a regression problem preserving the ambiguity between fingerprints.We also present an intuitive peak finding algorithm to obtain estimated locations using the sanitized hologram tensors.The proposed framework is implemented using commodity RFID devices,and its superior performance is validated through extensive experiments.
文摘Powdery mildew is a serious disease of wheat in China. As part of ITEC (International Triteace EST cooperation), EST (expressed sequence tags) technique was used to explore the gene expression in leaf induced by Erysiphe graminis DC. A conventional cDNA library was constructed, and a total of 1 500 clones picked randomly from the library were sequenced, three hundred and eighty_seven ESTs of them were unique, which got the Accession Number in GenBank. About 49.4% ESTs showed significant similarity to functions of known sequences in GenBank. There are 196 ESTs' with functions not able to be determined, and eighty_four ESTs were demonstrated to be novel sequences. High_density dot membranes from unique clones were produced, and several disease resistance related genes were screened by differential hybridization.
文摘In a distributed Web server system where tasks are unpreemptible,the most important issue for improving quality of service (QoS) is how to realize fairness and reduce average slow down. In this paper we present an algorithm named Scalable TAGS by integrating Central Queue algorithm and Task Assignment by Guessing Size (TAGS), together with its performance analysis, system parameter setting algorithm subject to fairness requirement, and optimal grouping method.
文摘This paper presents a low voltage, low power RF/analog front-end circuit for passive ultra high frequency （UHF） radio frequency identification （RFID） tags. Temperature compensation is achieved by a reference generator using sub-threshold techniques. The chip maintains a steady system clock in a temperature range from - 40 to 100℃. Some novel building blocks are developed to save system power consumption,including a zero static current power-on reset circuit and a voltage regulator. The RF/analog front-end circuit is implemented with digital base-band and EEPROM to construct a whole tag chip in 0. 18μm CMOS EEPROM technology without Schottcky diodes. Measured results show that the chip has a minimum supply voltage requirement of 0.75V. At this voltage, the total current consumption of the RF/analog frontend circuit is 4.6μA.
基金The Key Science and Technology Program of Shandong Province under contract No. 2012GHY11527Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province under contract No. Q2007E02+1 种基金Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (New Teachers) under contract No. 20070423027the Public Science and Technology Research Funds Projects of Ocean, State Oceanic Administration of the People’s Republic of China under contract No. 201105021-8
文摘Zostera marina, a monocotyledonous angiosperm, is one of the most important seagrass species. To inves- tigate the salt-tolerance mechanism and discover salt-tolerant genes in Z. marina, a cDNA library was con- structed. Single-pass sequencing of the 5＇ ends of 4 081 clones yielded 4 002 high quality expressed sequence tags （ESTs）, which were assembled into 241 contigs and 1 673 singletons, representing 1 914 unigenes. The average length of the ESTs was 582 bp, with sizes ranging from 100-1 500 bp. Basic Local Alignment Search Tool （BLASTX） analysis revealed that 1 664 unigenes had significant homology to known genes in the Na- tional Center for Biotechnology Information （NCBI） non-redundant （nr） database （E-value≤5-10）. Among them, the two most abundant genes encoded metallothionein （157 ESTs） and chlorophyll a/b-binding pro- tein （38 ESTs）, accounting for 7.1% and 1.7% of the total ESTs, respectively. Using Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG）, 1 462 unigenes were assigned to 1 161 pathways （E-value≤5-10）. A total of 938 unigenes were assigned Gene Ontology （GO） terms based on the GO hierarchy analysis, and InterProScan searches recognized 1 003 InterPro families. Three genes for metallothionein in Z. marina that belonged to Class II was identified. Results of this study will improve understanding of the molecular mechanisms of saline tolerance in Z. marina.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81573876(to YH)
文摘Kai-Xin-San consists of Ginseng Radix, Polygalae Radix, Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma, and Poria at a ratio of 3:3:2:2. Kai-Xin-San has been widely used for the treatment of emotional disorders in China. However, no studies have identified the key proteins implicated in response to Kai-Xin-San treatment. In this study, rat models of chronic mild stress were established using different stress methods over 28 days. After 14 days of stress stimulation, rats received daily intragastric administrations of 600 mg/kg Kai-Xin-San. The sucrose preference test was used to determine depression-like behavior in rats, while isobaric tags were used for relative and absolute quantitation-based proteomics to identify altered proteins following Kai-Xin-San treatment. Kai-Xin-San treatment for 2 weeks noticeably improved depression-like behaviors in rats with chronic mild stress. We identified 33 differentially expressed proteins: 7 were upregulated and 26 were downregulated. Functional analysis showed that these differentially expressed proteins participate in synaptic plasticity, neurodevelopment, and neurogenesis. Our results indicate that Kai-Xin-San has an important role in regulating the key node proteins in the synaptic signaling network, and are helpful to better understand the mechanism of the antidepressive effects of Kai-Xin-San and to provide objective theoretical support for its clinical application. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee for Animal Research from the Chinese PLA General Hospital(approval No. X5-2016-07) on March 5, 2016.
基金supported by National Key Research&Development Program of China,No.2016YFC11011601,2017YFA0104701the Youth Cultivation Project of Military Medical Science,China,No.15QNP091(to YW)People’s Liberation Army Youth Training Project for Medical Science of China,No.16QNP144(to YW)
文摘Sensory and motor nerve fibers of peripheral nerves have different anatomies and regeneration functions after injury. To gain a clear understanding of the biological processes behind these differences, we used a labeling technique termed isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation to investigate the protein profiles of spinal nerve tissues from Sprague-Dawley rats. In response to Wallerian degeneration, a total of 626 proteins were screened in sensory nerves, of which 368 were upregulated and 258 were downregulated. In addition, 637 proteins were screened in motor nerves, of which 372 were upregulated and 265 were downregulated. All identified proteins were analyzed using the Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis of bioinformatics, and the presence of several key proteins closely related to Wallerian degeneration were tested and verified using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analyses. The differentially expressed proteins only identified in the sensory nerves were mainly relevant to various biological processes that included cell-cell adhesion, carbohydrate metabolic processes and cell adhesion, whereas differentially expressed proteins only identified in the motor nerves were mainly relevant to biological processes associated with the glycolytic process, cell redox homeostasis, and protein folding. In the aspect of the cellular component, the differentially expressed proteins in the sensory and motor nerves were commonly related to extracellular exosomes, the myelin sheath, and focal adhesion. According to the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, the differentially expressed proteins identified are primarily related to various types of metabolic pathways. In conclusion, the present study screened differentially expressed proteins to reveal more about the differences and similarities between sensory and motor nerves during Wallerian degeneration. The present findings could provide a reference point for a future investigation into the differences between sensory and motor nerves in Wallerian degeneration and the characteristics of peripheral nerve regeneration. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Chinese PLA General Hospital, China(approval No. 2016-x9-07) in September 2016.
基金Supported by the Scientific and Technical Supporting Programs of China (2008BAC49B01)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30830015)
文摘In 2008, a green tide broke out before the sailing competition of the 29th Olympic Games in Qingdao. The causative species was determined to be Enteromorpha prolifera （Ulva prolifera O. F. Miiller）, a familiar green macroalga along the coastline of China. Rapid accumulation of a large biomass of floating U. prolifera prompted research on different aspects of this species. In this study, we constructed a nonnormalized cDNA library from the thalli of U. prolifera and acquired 10072 high-quality expressed sequence tags （ESTs）. These ESTs were assembled into 3 519 nonredundant gene groups, including 1 446 clusters and 2 073 singletons. After annotation with the nr database, a large number of genes were found to be related with chloroplast and ribosomal protein, GO functional classification showed 1 418 ESTs participated in photosynthesis and 1 359 ESTs were responsible for the generation of precursor metabolites and energy. In addition, rather comprehensive carbon fixation pathways were found in U. prolifera using KEGG. Some stress-related and signal transduction-related genes were also found in this study. All the evidences displayed that U. prolifera had substance and energy foundation for the intense photosynthesis and the rapid proliferation. Phylogenetic analysis of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I revealed that this green-tide causative species is most closely affiliated to Pseudendoclonium akinetum （Ulvophyceae）.
基金jointly supported by Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(C2018207020)National Natural Science Foundation of China(31771784)+1 种基金Hebei Provincial Science and Technology Research and Development Project(16226320D)China Agriculture Research System(CARS-03-01B)。
文摘The TaGS3 homoeologous genes(homoeologs)located on chromosomes 7 A,4 A,and7 D in hexaploid wheat were cloned.Relative expression analysis of the three Ta GS3 homoeologs revealed that the expression levels of TaGS3-4 A and TaGS3-7 D in developing grains were higher than that of TaGS3-7 A.Genetic evidence showed that Ta GS3 was a negative regulator of grain weight and grain size.Fifteen polymorphic sites and five haplotypes were detected in TaGS3-4 A.Two molecular markers were developed to distinguish the five haplotypes.Association analysis using 260 accessions from Chinese wheat mini-core collection(MCC)indicated that TaGS3-4 A affected thousand grain weight(TGW)and grain length(GL).HAP-4 A-1 and HAP-4 A-2 were favorable haplotypes that increased TGW and GL and had undergone strong selection during domestication of wheat.In addition,interaction of the TaGS3-4 A and TaGS3-7 D homoeologs had significant additive effects on the grain traits.Hap-4 A-1/Hap-7 D-2 was the best haplotype combination in increasing TGW and GL.The frequencies and geographic distributions of favorable TaGS3 haplotypes among 1388 wheat accessions from worldwide sources provided clues for selection of yield-related traits.Our findings demonstrated that TaGS3-4 A had significant effects on TGW and GL.Marker-assisted selection of HAP-4 A-1/2 combined with HAP-7 D-2 has potential to increase wheat yields.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(71662014,61602219,71861013)。
文摘With the rapid development of social network in recent years, a huge number of social information has been produced. As traditional recommender systems often face data sparsity and cold-start problem, the use of social information has attracted many researchers' attention to improve the prediction accuracy of recommender systems. Social trust and social relation have been proven useful to improve the performance of recommendation. Based on the classic collaborative filtering technique, we propose a PCCTTF recommender method that takes the rating time of users, social trust among users, and item tags into consideration, then do the item recommending. Experimental results show that the PCCTTF method has better prediction accuracy than classical collaborative filtering technique and the state-of-the-art recommender methods, and can also effectively alleviate data sparsity and cold-start problem. Furthermore, the PCCTTF method has better performance than all the compared methods while counting against shilling attacks.
基金Project (No.2006C12051) supported by the Science and Technology Plan of Zhejiang Province,China
文摘It is a challenge for passive RFID tags to be mounted on the surface of metal because the parameters of tag antennas,such as the impedance matching,the radiation efficiency and the radiation pattern,are seriously affected by the metallic surface.This paper presents the characteristics of the dipole-like antennas of ultra high frequency(UHF) radio frequency identification(RFID) tags that are placed close to metallic surfaces.The finite element method(FEM) and method of moment(MoM) were used to simulate the changes of the antenna parameters near the metallic surface.Two typical dipole-like antennas close to the metallic surface,a closed loop antenna and a loaded meander antenna,were modeled,and the performance was evaluated.Experiment was carried out and the results were in good agreement with the simulation,showing that a distance of 0.05λ～0.1λ(λ is the free space wavelength) from the metallic surface could make the dipole-like UHF RFID tag performance be acceptable.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61762093)the 17th Batches of Young and Middle-aged Leaders in Academic and Technical Reserved Talents Project of Yunnan Province(2014HB019)+1 种基金the Key Applied and Basic Research Foundation of Yunnan Province(2018FA036)the Program for Innovative Research Team(in Science and Technology)in University of Yunnan Province。
文摘In a passive ultra-high frequency(UHF)radio frequency identification(RFID)system,the recovery of collided tag signals on a physical layer can enhance identification efficiency.However,frequency drift is very common in UHF RFID systems,and will have an influence on the recovery on the physical layer.To address the problem of recovery with the frequency drift,this paper adopts a radial basis function(RBF)network to separate the collision signals,and decode the signals via FM0 to recovery collided RFID tags.Numerical results show that the method in this paper has better performance of symbol error rate(SER)and separation efficiency compared to conventional methods when frequency drift occurs.
基金This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under project contracts Nos.61701082,61701116,61601093,61971113 and 61901095in part by National Key R&D Program under project Nos.2018YFB1802102 and 2018AAA0103203+3 种基金in part by Guangdong Provincial Research and Development Plan in Key Areas under project contract Nos.2019B010141001 and 2019B010142001in part by Sichuan Provincial Science and Technology Planning Program under project contracts Nos.2018HH0034,2019YFG0418,2019YFG0120 and 2018JY0246in part by the fundamental research funds for the Central Universities under project contract No.ZYGX2016J004in part by Science and Technology on Electronic Information Control Laboratory.
文摘Blocker tag attack is one of the denial-of-service(DoS)attacks that threatens the privacy and security of RFID systems.The attacker interferes with the blocked tag by simulating a fake tag with the same ID,thus causing a collision of message replies.In many practical scenarios,the number of blocked tags may vary,or even be small.For example,the attacker may only block the important customers or high-value items.To avoid the disclosure of privacy and economic losses,it is of great importance to fast pinpoint these blocked ones.However,existing works do not take into account the impact of the number of blocked tags on the execution time and suffer from incomplete identification of blocked tags,long identification time or privacy leakage.To overcome these limits,we propose a cross layer blocked tag identification protocol(CLBI).CLBI consists of multiple rounds,in which it enables multiple unblocked tags to select one time slot and concurrently verify them by using tag estimation in physical layer.Benefiting from the utilization of most collision slots,the execution time can be greatly reduced.Furthermore,for efficient identification of blocked tags under different proportions,we propose a hybrid protocol named adaptive cross layer blocked tag identification protocol(A-CLBI),which estimates the remaining blocked tag in each round and adjusts the identification strategy accordingly.Extensive simulations show that our protocol outperforms state-of-the-art blocked tags identification protocol.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(2007CB116201)
文摘Porcine skeletal muscle genes play a major role in determining muscle growth and meat quality. Construction of a full-length cDNA library is an effective way to understand the expression of functional genes in muscle tissues. In addition, novel genes for further research could be identified in the library. In this study, we constructed a full-length cDNA library from porcine muscle tissue. The estimated average size of the cDNA inserts was 1 076 bp, and the cDNA fullness ratio was 86.2%. A total of 1 058 unique sequences with 342 contigs （32.3%） and 716 singleton （67.7%） expressed sequence tags （EST） were obtained by clustering and assembling. Meanwhile, 826 （78.1%） ESTs were categorized as known genes, and 232 （21.9%） ESTs were categorized as unknown genes. 65 novel porcine genes that exhibit no identity in the TIGR gene index of Sus scrofa and 124 full-length sequences with unknown functions were deposited in the dbEST division of GenBank （accession numbers： EU650784-EU650788, GE843306, GH228978-GH229100）. The abundantly expressed genes in porcine muscle tissue were related to muscle fiber development, energy metabolism and protein synthesis. Gene ontology analysis showed that sequences expressed in porcine muscle tissue contained a high percentage of binding activity, catalytic activity, structural molecule activity and motor activity, which involved mainly in metabolic, cellular and developmental process, distributed mainly in intracellular region. The sequence data generated in this study would provide valuable information for identifying porcine genes expressed in muscle tissue and help to advance the study on the structure and function of genes in pigs.
基金supported by the Grant(201522)from Shenzhen Urban Management
文摘A normalized full-length cDNA library was constructed from the coralloid roots of Cycas debaoensis by the DSN （duplex-specific nuclease） normalization method combined with the SMART （Switching Mechanism At 5＇ end of the RNA Transcript） technique. The titer of the original cDNA library was about 1.5 × 10^6 cfu·mL^-1 and the average insertion size was about 1 kb with a high recombination rate （97%）. The 5011 high-quality expressed sequence tags （ESTs） were obtained from 5393 randomly picked cDNA clones. Clustering and assembly of ESTs resulted in 2984 unique sequences, consisting of 618 contigs and 2366 singlets. EST sequence annotation revealed that 2333 and 1901 unigenes were functionally anno- tated in the NCBI non-redundant database and Swiss-Prot protein database, respectively. Functional analysis demonstrated that 1495 （50.1%） unigenes were associated with 4082 Gene Ontology （GO） terms. A total of 847 unigenes were grouped into 22 Cluster of Orthologous Groups （COG） functional categories. Based on the EST dataset, 22 ESTs that encoded putative receptor-like protein kinase （RLK） genes were screened. Furthermore, a total of 94 simple sequence repeats （SSRs） were discovered, of which 20 loci were successfully amplified in C debaoensis. This study is the first EST analysis for the coralloid roots of C debaoensis and provides a valuable genomic resource for novel gene discovery, gene expression and comparative genomics, conservation and management studies as well as applications in C debaoensis and related cycad species.
