Physiological supporting systems,such as the vascular network and excretion system,are crucial for the effective functioning of organs.This study demonstrates that when a body-on-a-chip microdevice is coupled with min...Physiological supporting systems,such as the vascular network and excretion system,are crucial for the effective functioning of organs.This study demonstrates that when a body-on-a-chip microdevice is coupled with miniaturized physiological support systems,it can create a multi-organ microphysiological system capable of more accurately mimicking the physiological complexity of a body,thereby offering potential for preclinical drug testing.To exemplify this concept,we have developed a model system comprising 18 types of microtissues interconnected by a vascular network that replicates the in vivo blood distribution among the organs.Furthermore,this system includes an excretory system with a micro-stirrer that ensures elimination efficiency akin to in vivo conditions.Our findings indicate that this system can:(1)survive and function for almost two months;(2)achieve two-compartment pharmacokinetics of a drug;(3)investigate the dynamic relationship between the tissue distribution and toxicity of a drug;(4)establish the multimorbidity model and evaluate the effectiveness of polypharmacy,challenging tasks with traditional animal models;(5)reduce animal usage in drug evaluations.Notably,features from points(2)to(4)are capabilities not achievable by other in vitro models.The strategy proposed in this study can also be applied to the development of multi-organ microphysiological systems that mimic the physiological complexity of human organs or the entire body.展开更多
With the rapid development of intelligent and autonomous systems,such as wearable health monitoring and advanced manufacturing robots,there is a growing demand for the development of advanced,miniaturized smart sensor...With the rapid development of intelligent and autonomous systems,such as wearable health monitoring and advanced manufacturing robots,there is a growing demand for the development of advanced,miniaturized smart sensors and actuator systems.In this context,a single microdevice with hybrid functionality as both a sensor and actuator demonstrates excellent performance across diverse applications,holds significant promise.Herein,we present a proof-of-concept for a high-performance bi-directional Lorentz force magnetometer and actuator,implemented within a single microelectromechanical system(MEMS)device.Moreover,the device demonstrates insensitivity to magnetic fields,making it highly suitable for applications that require anti-crossing behavior in magnetic environments.The design is based on a clamped-guided curved microresonator connected to straight and V-shaped beams of micro-actuators.The operation of the proposed device relies on the flexibility to control the applied electrothermal excitation in different ways,offering smart thermal actuation and dynamic sensing mechanisms.Furthermore,the proposed technique allows tuning of the first symmetric mode,achieving either a high or low frequency shift based on input power levels.Hence,this study provides valuable insights for improving tunability in sensitivity and power for various actuation mechanisms.At atmospheric pressure and an input power of 19.5 mW,the device functions as a high-performance biaxial magnetic sensor with a sensitivity(S)of~36.58%T^(-1),an excellent linearity in the medium-to-high magnetic field range of±400 mT,and a minimum detectable field,Bmin of 0.83μT Hz^(-1).In contrast,it can be tuned as a magnetic-field-insensitive actuator(S=3.28%T^(-1))with a transversal displacement of~4μm,utilizing a negligible power of 43 mW.The diverse operation highlights its hybrid functionality as an actuator or high-performance sensor.These features,combined with the simplicity of fabrication and low cost,make the proposed microdevice highly promising for developing a three-axis magnetic sensor and actuator network system,as well as for various industrial applications.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.82373840)Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases(Grants BM2013003 and ZZ2009).
文摘Physiological supporting systems,such as the vascular network and excretion system,are crucial for the effective functioning of organs.This study demonstrates that when a body-on-a-chip microdevice is coupled with miniaturized physiological support systems,it can create a multi-organ microphysiological system capable of more accurately mimicking the physiological complexity of a body,thereby offering potential for preclinical drug testing.To exemplify this concept,we have developed a model system comprising 18 types of microtissues interconnected by a vascular network that replicates the in vivo blood distribution among the organs.Furthermore,this system includes an excretory system with a micro-stirrer that ensures elimination efficiency akin to in vivo conditions.Our findings indicate that this system can:(1)survive and function for almost two months;(2)achieve two-compartment pharmacokinetics of a drug;(3)investigate the dynamic relationship between the tissue distribution and toxicity of a drug;(4)establish the multimorbidity model and evaluate the effectiveness of polypharmacy,challenging tasks with traditional animal models;(5)reduce animal usage in drug evaluations.Notably,features from points(2)to(4)are capabilities not achievable by other in vitro models.The strategy proposed in this study can also be applied to the development of multi-organ microphysiological systems that mimic the physiological complexity of human organs or the entire body.
基金supported by Khalifa University of Science and Technology(KU)under Award No.FSU-2023-028King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST).
文摘With the rapid development of intelligent and autonomous systems,such as wearable health monitoring and advanced manufacturing robots,there is a growing demand for the development of advanced,miniaturized smart sensors and actuator systems.In this context,a single microdevice with hybrid functionality as both a sensor and actuator demonstrates excellent performance across diverse applications,holds significant promise.Herein,we present a proof-of-concept for a high-performance bi-directional Lorentz force magnetometer and actuator,implemented within a single microelectromechanical system(MEMS)device.Moreover,the device demonstrates insensitivity to magnetic fields,making it highly suitable for applications that require anti-crossing behavior in magnetic environments.The design is based on a clamped-guided curved microresonator connected to straight and V-shaped beams of micro-actuators.The operation of the proposed device relies on the flexibility to control the applied electrothermal excitation in different ways,offering smart thermal actuation and dynamic sensing mechanisms.Furthermore,the proposed technique allows tuning of the first symmetric mode,achieving either a high or low frequency shift based on input power levels.Hence,this study provides valuable insights for improving tunability in sensitivity and power for various actuation mechanisms.At atmospheric pressure and an input power of 19.5 mW,the device functions as a high-performance biaxial magnetic sensor with a sensitivity(S)of~36.58%T^(-1),an excellent linearity in the medium-to-high magnetic field range of±400 mT,and a minimum detectable field,Bmin of 0.83μT Hz^(-1).In contrast,it can be tuned as a magnetic-field-insensitive actuator(S=3.28%T^(-1))with a transversal displacement of~4μm,utilizing a negligible power of 43 mW.The diverse operation highlights its hybrid functionality as an actuator or high-performance sensor.These features,combined with the simplicity of fabrication and low cost,make the proposed microdevice highly promising for developing a three-axis magnetic sensor and actuator network system,as well as for various industrial applications.
