Progranulin(PGRN),encoded by the GRN gene,is a secreted glycoprotein that undergoes proteolytic cleavage to generate individual granulin peptides(granulin A-G)capable of exerting distinct biological functions.PGRN is ...Progranulin(PGRN),encoded by the GRN gene,is a secreted glycoprotein that undergoes proteolytic cleavage to generate individual granulin peptides(granulin A-G)capable of exerting distinct biological functions.PGRN is widely expressed in multiple tissues,including the central nervous and immune systems.Within the central nervous system,PGRN is highly expressed in the hippocampus,cerebral cortex,and hypothalamus,and has been detected in various neuronal subtypes,including Purkinje cells and motor neurons,where it plays a crucial role in neuronal functions,such as neurite outgrowth and synaptic plasticity.In addition to neurons,PGRN is expressed in glial cells,particularly in microglia,where it regulates phagocytosis.Furthermore,PGRN is presented in peripheral immune cells,including macrophages,and contributes to the regulation of inflammatory responses.PGRN exerts its diverse functions via binding partners,including receptors such as sortilin,EphA2,Notch,death receptor 3,and toll-like receptor 9(Chitramuthu et al.,2017).展开更多
基金SENSHIN Medical Research Foundation,Takeda Science Foundation,Taiju Life Social Welfare Foundation,Mitsui Sumitomo Insurance Welfare Foundation,Research Foundation for Pharmaceutical Sciences,Tokyo Medical University Research Grant,JSPS KAKENHI(23K06369)to SKJSPS KAKENHI(24K02187)to KK.
文摘Progranulin(PGRN),encoded by the GRN gene,is a secreted glycoprotein that undergoes proteolytic cleavage to generate individual granulin peptides(granulin A-G)capable of exerting distinct biological functions.PGRN is widely expressed in multiple tissues,including the central nervous and immune systems.Within the central nervous system,PGRN is highly expressed in the hippocampus,cerebral cortex,and hypothalamus,and has been detected in various neuronal subtypes,including Purkinje cells and motor neurons,where it plays a crucial role in neuronal functions,such as neurite outgrowth and synaptic plasticity.In addition to neurons,PGRN is expressed in glial cells,particularly in microglia,where it regulates phagocytosis.Furthermore,PGRN is presented in peripheral immune cells,including macrophages,and contributes to the regulation of inflammatory responses.PGRN exerts its diverse functions via binding partners,including receptors such as sortilin,EphA2,Notch,death receptor 3,and toll-like receptor 9(Chitramuthu et al.,2017).
