Wildly studied by scholars in foreign language teaching field,the variability and systemacity of interlanguage are controversial.This paper analyzes and discusses the variability and systemacity of interlanguage respe...Wildly studied by scholars in foreign language teaching field,the variability and systemacity of interlanguage are controversial.This paper analyzes and discusses the variability and systemacity of interlanguage respectively,and strives to find the relationship between them in order to promote the development of second language acquisition.展开更多
While angiotensin-converting enzyme(ACE)is traditionally known for its ability to regulate blood pressure and fluid balance through the renin‒angiotensin system,ACE also plays a pivotal role in immune activation[1].Ma...While angiotensin-converting enzyme(ACE)is traditionally known for its ability to regulate blood pressure and fluid balance through the renin‒angiotensin system,ACE also plays a pivotal role in immune activation[1].Macrophages in which ACE is overexpressed display enhanced inflammatory responses,as evidenced by increased antitumor and antibacterial activity[2].This increase in inflammation coincides with increased lipid metabolism and ATP production[3,4].The mechanisms by which ACE enhances cellular metabolism and inflammation remain unknown.In this issue of Cellular and Molecular Immunology,Saito et al.[5]provide compelling evidence that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorα(PPARα)is central to the observed enhanced immune capabilities of macrophages overexpressing ACE.展开更多
文摘Wildly studied by scholars in foreign language teaching field,the variability and systemacity of interlanguage are controversial.This paper analyzes and discusses the variability and systemacity of interlanguage respectively,and strives to find the relationship between them in order to promote the development of second language acquisition.
文摘While angiotensin-converting enzyme(ACE)is traditionally known for its ability to regulate blood pressure and fluid balance through the renin‒angiotensin system,ACE also plays a pivotal role in immune activation[1].Macrophages in which ACE is overexpressed display enhanced inflammatory responses,as evidenced by increased antitumor and antibacterial activity[2].This increase in inflammation coincides with increased lipid metabolism and ATP production[3,4].The mechanisms by which ACE enhances cellular metabolism and inflammation remain unknown.In this issue of Cellular and Molecular Immunology,Saito et al.[5]provide compelling evidence that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorα(PPARα)is central to the observed enhanced immune capabilities of macrophages overexpressing ACE.
