α-Synuclein causes synaptic pathologies in several neurodegenerative diseases：Parkinson’s disease（PD）is a neurodegenerative disease that impacts the lives of millions of people worldwide.A pathological hallmark o...α-Synuclein causes synaptic pathologies in several neurodegenerative diseases：Parkinson’s disease（PD）is a neurodegenerative disease that impacts the lives of millions of people worldwide.A pathological hallmark of PD,as well as dementia with Lewy bodies（DLB）and several Alzheimer’s disease variants,is the appearanceof intracellular inclusions called Lewy bodies, which contain high levels of aggregated α-synuclein,展开更多
For the mammalian brain to process and decipher the rich panoply of sounds that abound in the world, nature has evolved an elegant collection of neural circuits dedicated to this task. Indeed, the complexity, variety ...For the mammalian brain to process and decipher the rich panoply of sounds that abound in the world, nature has evolved an elegant collection of neural circuits dedicated to this task. Indeed, the complexity, variety and number of neural pathways devoted to computing auditory information is unique among sensory modalities （Kaas, 2008）. After the initial sensorineural encoding of sound at the level of the cochlea, auditory information is processed in several lower brainstem centers and eventually converges in the midbrain, at the level of the inferior colliculus （Wenstrup, 2005）, Subsequently, auditory information is transferred through the thalamus, the medial geniculate body, and then the auditory cortex （Winer et al., 2005; Razak and Fuzessery, 2010; Hackett, 2011; Lee and Sherman, 2011; Lee and Winer, 2011;展开更多
Loss of synapse and functional connectivity in brain circuits is associated with aging and neurodegeneration,however,few molecular mechanisms are known to intrinsically promote synaptogenesis or enhance synapse functi...Loss of synapse and functional connectivity in brain circuits is associated with aging and neurodegeneration,however,few molecular mechanisms are known to intrinsically promote synaptogenesis or enhance synapse function.We have previously shown that MET receptor tyrosine kinase in the developing cortical circuits promotes dendritic growth and dendritic spine morphogenesis.To investigate whether enhancing MET in adult cortex has synapse regenerating potential,we created a knockin mouse line,in which the human MET gene expression and signaling can be turned on in adult(10–12 months)cortical neurons through doxycycline-containing chow.We found that similar to the developing brain,turning on MET signaling in the adult cortex activates small GTPases and increases spine density in prefrontal projection neurons.These findings are further corroborated by increased synaptic activity and transient generation of immature silent synapses.Prolonged MET signaling resulted in an increasedα-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid/N-methyl-Daspartate(AMPA/NMDA)receptor current ratio,indicative of enhanced synaptic function and connectivity.Our data reveal that enhancing MET signaling could be an interventional approach to promote synaptogenesis and preserve functional connectivity in the adult brain.These findings may have implications for regenerative therapy in aging and neurodegeneration conditions.展开更多
It is a common misconception that e-cigarettes are safer than tobacco smoking,given their adverse cardiopulmonary effects,habituation,and the fact that it is only a fashion based manifestation to sell and use them.The...It is a common misconception that e-cigarettes are safer than tobacco smoking,given their adverse cardiopulmonary effects,habituation,and the fact that it is only a fashion based manifestation to sell and use them.Therefore,the use of e cigarettes should not be encouraged as an alternative and pragmatic measure should be taken to profess this agenda.展开更多
Organic electrochemical transistors have emerged as a solution for artificial synapses that mimic the neural functions of the brain structure,holding great potentials to break the bottleneck of von Neumann architectur...Organic electrochemical transistors have emerged as a solution for artificial synapses that mimic the neural functions of the brain structure,holding great potentials to break the bottleneck of von Neumann architectures.However,current artificial synapses rely primarily on electrical signals,and little attention has been paid to the vital role of neurotransmitter-mediated artificial synapses.Dopamine is a key neurotransmitter associated with emotion regulation and cognitive processes that needs to be monitored in real time to advance the development of disease diagnostics and neuroscience.To provide insights into the development of artificial synapses with neurotransmitter involvement,this review proposes three steps towards future biomimic and bioinspired neuromorphic systems.We first summarize OECT-based dopamine detection devices,and then review advances in neurotransmitter-mediated artificial synapses and resultant advanced neuromorphic systems.Finally,by exploring the challenges and opportunities related to such neuromorphic systems,we provide a perspective on the future development of biomimetic and bioinspired neuromorphic systems.展开更多
The conversion of subtropical red soils into farmland involves complex transformations of iron oxides.Investigating iron mineralogy can enhance understanding of magnetic minerals in relation to soil formation on farml...The conversion of subtropical red soils into farmland involves complex transformations of iron oxides.Investigating iron mineralogy can enhance understanding of magnetic minerals in relation to soil formation on farmland in subtropical regions.In this study,we investigated the properties of iron oxide and its environmental implications in the farmland of Meizhou city,Guangdong province.The results showed that farmland soils had higher magnetism than the red soils developed from the same metamorphic rock.The red soils displayed significantly higher concentrations of goethite and hematite than the farmland soils.The dominant factor influencing the magnetic changes in farmland and red soils was the concentration of fine-grained ferromagnetic minerals.Red soil magnetism is an indicator of soil weathering intensity,whereas farmland soil magnetism is closely related to human cultivation activities.In contrast to the red soils,the farmland soils lacked the pronounced transformation of ferromagnetic minerals into hematite and goethite.A vigorous oxidation process catalyzes the transformation of strong magnetic minerals into significant amounts of hematite and goethite,which promotes the reduced magnetism of red soils.The conversion of red soils into farmland soils initially increased the accumulation of ferromagnetic materials due to cultivation processes.However,long-term cultivation led to the gradual loss of fine-grained ferromagnetic minerals,while goethite and lepidocrocite became the dominant magnetic mineral types.展开更多
Inspired by the visual neurons of biological systems,optoelectronic synaptic devices integrate photoresponsive semiconductor materials to convert light into electrical signals,enabling biomimetic visual perception sys...Inspired by the visual neurons of biological systems,optoelectronic synaptic devices integrate photoresponsive semiconductor materials to convert light into electrical signals,enabling biomimetic visual perception systems.Achieving memory retention and intelligent perceptual functions continues to pose a major hurdle in the advancement of neuromorphic artificial synapse devices.This review begins with an exploration of biological neural synapses,analyzing the fundamental characteristics and structures of biomimetic optoelectronic synapses.It then delves into the design of device and material structures to achieve postsynaptic current and memory behavior,elucidating their underlying mechanisms.Furthermore,the latest application scenarios of these devices are summarized,highlighting the opportunities and challenges in their future development.This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the advancements in optoelectronic synapses,from material innovations to neuromorphic applications,paving the way for next-generation artificial visual systems and neuromorphic computing.展开更多
Schizophrenia is a multifaceted neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by hallucinations,delusions,cognitive deficits,and emotional dysregulation.The prefrontal cortex(PFC),essential for executive functions,working...Schizophrenia is a multifaceted neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by hallucinations,delusions,cognitive deficits,and emotional dysregulation.The prefrontal cortex(PFC),essential for executive functions,working memory,and emotional regulation,is notably impaired in this condition.This review consolidates current insights into the role of PFC dysfunction in schizophrenia,with a focus on its implications for therapeutic strategies.The neuroanatomical and neurobiological foundations of PFC dysfunction are explored,emphasizing structural abnormalities,functional dysconnectivity,and microcircuit disruptions that contribute to cognitive deficits and impaired decision-making.Clinical implications are discussed,particularly the correlation between PFC dysfunction and the severity and progression of schizophrenia symptoms.Additionally,pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches aimed at modulating PFC activity are reviewed as potential therapeutic options.In conclusion,a deeper understanding of PFC dysfunction is pivotal for developing targeted treatments,and ongoing research offers promising avenues for enhancing outcomes for individuals affected by this debilitating disorder.展开更多
Teacher professional identity is a comprehensive reflection of teachers’role perception,emotional experiences,and behavioral tendencies towards their profession.It serves as an intrinsic driving force for teachers’p...Teacher professional identity is a comprehensive reflection of teachers’role perception,emotional experiences,and behavioral tendencies towards their profession.It serves as an intrinsic driving force for teachers’professional development and is also a crucial issue in teacher education research.From a global perspective,this study systematically reviews and examines relevant research on the professional identity of international Chinese language teachers(ICLTs).A comparative analysis is conducted between Chinese and foreign scholars’research in terms of theoretical foundations,research subjects,research content,and research methodologies.This comprehensive overview of the current research landscape in this field,along with a summary of existing achievements and identified problems,facilitates the transformation of fragmented research findings on ICLTs’professional identity into a systematic understanding and reveals research gaps.Building upon this foundation,the study proposes future research prospects for the professional identity of ICLTs from aspects such as the construction of a cross-cultural perspective-based teacher professional identity system,the transformation of teacher professional identity in the context of digital transformation,and case studies on ICLTs’professional identity.The aim is to promote high-quality development in both theory and practice of international Chinese language education.展开更多
Bocapavovirus,a member of the genus Bocaparvovirus within the subfamily Parvovirinae and the family Parvoviridae,is a small,non-enveloped,single-stranded DNA virus.This pathogen poses health risks to both humans and a...Bocapavovirus,a member of the genus Bocaparvovirus within the subfamily Parvovirinae and the family Parvoviridae,is a small,non-enveloped,single-stranded DNA virus.This pathogen poses health risks to both humans and animals.The Bocaparvovirus genome.展开更多
The functionality of the biological brain is closely related to the dynamic behavior generated by synapses in its complex neural system.The self-connection synapse,as a critical form of feedback synapse in Hopfield ne...The functionality of the biological brain is closely related to the dynamic behavior generated by synapses in its complex neural system.The self-connection synapse,as a critical form of feedback synapse in Hopfield neurons,plays an essential role in understanding the dynamic behavior of the brain.Synaptic memristors can bring neural network models closer to the complexity of the brain's neural networks.Inspired by this,this study incorporates the nonlinear memory characteristics of synapses into the Hopfield neural network(HNN)by replacing a single self-synapse in a four-dimensional HNN model with a novel cosine memristor model,aiming to more realistically reproduce the dynamical behavior of biological neurons in artificial systems.By performing a dynamical analysis of the system using numerical methods,we find that the model exhibits infinitely many equilibrium points and can induce the formation of rare transient attractors,as well as an arbitrary number of multi-scroll attractors.Additionally,the model demonstrates complex coexisting attractor dynamics,including transient chaos,periodicity,decaying periodicity,and coexisting chaos.Furthermore,the feasibility of the proposed HNN model is verified using a field-programmable gate array(FPGA).Finally,an electronic codebook(ECB)–mode block cipher encryption algorithm is proposed for image encryption.The encryption performance is evaluated,with an information entropy value of 7.9993,demonstrating the excellent randomness of the system-generated numbers.展开更多
Rapid technological advancements are driving embodied intelligent robots from laboratories to real-life applications to serve as a key force reshaping the future way of life.Like many other revolutionary technologies,...Rapid technological advancements are driving embodied intelligent robots from laboratories to real-life applications to serve as a key force reshaping the future way of life.Like many other revolutionary technologies,while sparking utopian visions of the future,the development of embodied intelligence has aroused concerns about safety risks, emotional ethics, and socio-cultural implications.展开更多
Anopheles(An.)stephensi is one of the dominant malaria vectors in India,Bangladesh,Pakistan,Iran,Iraq and some other Asian countries[1].It plays a crucial role in transmitting Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium viva...Anopheles(An.)stephensi is one of the dominant malaria vectors in India,Bangladesh,Pakistan,Iran,Iraq and some other Asian countries[1].It plays a crucial role in transmitting Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax in India along with its rural counterpart,An.culicifacies.This mosquito species has adapted well to urban and peri-urban environments,making it a significant public health concern in the country.The presence of An.stephensi in urban areas contrasts with other malaria vectors that predominantly inhabit rural regions,thus complicating traditional malaria control strategies.It is well-adapted to human-made environments,breeding in various containers including tanks,cisterns,and barrels used for water storage.展开更多
Interval-valued pre-aggregation functions are a hot topic in the research of aggregation functions and have received considerable attention in recent years.As a special class of interval-valued pre-aggregation functio...Interval-valued pre-aggregation functions are a hot topic in the research of aggregation functions and have received considerable attention in recent years.As a special class of interval-valued pre-aggregation functions,(light)interval-valued pre-t-norms were initially proposed by Wang and Hu,but their properties were not further discussed by the authors.The main purpose of this paper is to study in depth the properties and generation of(light)intervalvalued pre-t-norms.Firstly,several properties of(light)interval-valued pre-t-norms and their relationship with(light)pre-t-norms are presented.Then,two different generation methods for(light)interval-valued pre-t-norms are introduced.Finally,it demonstrates a specific application of(light)interval-valued pre-t-norms in constructing interval-valued directional monotonic fuzzy implications,namely,using the(light)interval-valued pre-t-norm IT,interval-valued fuzzy negations IN,and(light)interval-valued pre-t-conorm IS to construct interval-valued QL-directional monotonic operations.展开更多
Although the late Quaternary slip rate of the Northern Margin Fault of the Huaizhuo Basin(NFHB)was studied approximately 30 years ago using thermoluminescence and geomorphic methods,the underlying uncertainty cannot b...Although the late Quaternary slip rate of the Northern Margin Fault of the Huaizhuo Basin(NFHB)was studied approximately 30 years ago using thermoluminescence and geomorphic methods,the underlying uncertainty cannot be neglected,considering the limitations resulting from age and displacement measurements.Accordingly,we attempted to re-estimate the late Quaternary slip rate of the NFHB using high-precision remote sensing image interpretation,large-scale geological and geomorphic mapping,paleoseismic analysis,and Quaternary geochronology testing.The results,based on stratigraphic dislocation and age constraint in the trenches,show that the present deformation of the NFHB has been dominated by the extension,with a vertical slip rate~0.04-0.11 mm/a.We estimate a vertical slip rate of~0.06 mm/a,with an R^(2) value of~0.91,which is much lower than the~0.5 mm/a result estimated previously.There are three possible reasons for this discrepancy.The first is the limitation resulting from dating and displacement measurements in earlier studies;the second is the slip decomposition caused by multiple branches of the NFHB,which leads to the low slip rate observed at a single fault;and third possible explanation is that the fault may be locked at present with a low slip rate,which means that the earthquake hazard of the NFHB cannot be ignored,and more in-depth research,such as geodetic and intensive observations of earthquake precursors,is urgently needed.This discovery poses a new challenge for the active study of the NFHB and the northeast corner of the Ordos Plateau in the North China Block.展开更多
Introduction Small cell lung cancer(SCLC)is a highly aggressive malignancy with limited treatment options.Despite advances in immunotherapy,response rates remain low,and the efficacy of current molecular subtyping1,2 ...Introduction Small cell lung cancer(SCLC)is a highly aggressive malignancy with limited treatment options.Despite advances in immunotherapy,response rates remain low,and the efficacy of current molecular subtyping1,2 is insufficient to predict therapeutic outcomes3,4.A recently identified vulnerability in SCLC involves the dysregulation of nuclear-cytoplasmic transport,particularly through exportin 1(XPO1)5-7.展开更多
The relationship between heaven and humanity is one of the fundamental philosophical foundations of ecological ethics in ancient Chinese Confucian thought.As a master of Confucian philosophy of mind,Wang Yangming inte...The relationship between heaven and humanity is one of the fundamental philosophical foundations of ecological ethics in ancient Chinese Confucian thought.As a master of Confucian philosophy of mind,Wang Yangming integrated the traditional Confucian discourse on the relationship between heaven and humanity into the principles of the philosophy of mind.Building on the traditional doctrine of benevolence centered on moral concern,he further developed an ecological view of‘benevolence as the unity of heaven and earth’.In his work Inquiry on the Great Learning,Wang Yangming systematically elaborated on this notion,emphasizing the philosophical expression of the relationship between humans and nature within an ethical framework and outlining the new implications of traditional Confucian ecological thought.This paper aims to analyze Wang Yangming’s ecological view of‘benevolence as the unity of heaven and earth’by examining the ecological ideas in his Inquiry on the Great Learning.On this basis,it seeks to refine the valuable achievements of traditional Chinese ecological civilization thought and strengthen the theoretical foundation of contemporary ecological ideas with Chinese characteristics.展开更多
The global aging crisis has increased the prevalence of skeletal disorders,necessitating innovative therapeutic strategies.This review employs the brain-bone axis(BBA)framework to examine the role of the sympathetic n...The global aging crisis has increased the prevalence of skeletal disorders,necessitating innovative therapeutic strategies.This review employs the brain-bone axis(BBA)framework to examine the role of the sympathetic nervous system(SNS)in bone metabolism.The research systematically elucidates the molecular mechanisms by which the SNS mediates signaling pathways through neurofibers and neurotransmitters,such as norepinephrine,dopamine,neuropeptide Y,and leptin,regulating interactions between bone-related cells to maintain skeletal homeostasis.It also identifies the pathological associations between the dysregulation of these pathways and the progression of bone-related conditions,such as osteoporosis,osteoarthritis,and intervertebral disc degeneration.By integrating current evidence,we identify novel therapeutic targets within the BBA and propose neuro-centric intervention strategies to mitigate skeletal diseases.This review deepens the understanding of neuro-skeletal interactions and lays a foundation for innovative treatments for bone-related pathologies.展开更多
This multidisciplinary study integrates structural and cave mapping,3D geological modeling,and Geographical Information System(GIS)analysis to provide constraints of the hydrogeological model for the central Lefka Ori...This multidisciplinary study integrates structural and cave mapping,3D geological modeling,and Geographical Information System(GIS)analysis to provide constraints of the hydrogeological model for the central Lefka Ori Massif.Through 44 km of linear mapping,we discovered the new mid-Miocene Pachnes Thrust(PT)which plays a key role in the central Lefka Ori Massif structural framework.展开更多
基金supported by a grant from National Institutes of Health(NINDS/NIA R01NS078165 to JRM)research funds from the Marine Biological Laboratory(to JRM)a research grant from Horizon 2020 Grant No.In Cure EU Joint Programme-JPND(to LB)
文摘α-Synuclein causes synaptic pathologies in several neurodegenerative diseases：Parkinson’s disease（PD）is a neurodegenerative disease that impacts the lives of millions of people worldwide.A pathological hallmark of PD,as well as dementia with Lewy bodies（DLB）and several Alzheimer’s disease variants,is the appearanceof intracellular inclusions called Lewy bodies, which contain high levels of aggregated α-synuclein,
文摘For the mammalian brain to process and decipher the rich panoply of sounds that abound in the world, nature has evolved an elegant collection of neural circuits dedicated to this task. Indeed, the complexity, variety and number of neural pathways devoted to computing auditory information is unique among sensory modalities （Kaas, 2008）. After the initial sensorineural encoding of sound at the level of the cochlea, auditory information is processed in several lower brainstem centers and eventually converges in the midbrain, at the level of the inferior colliculus （Wenstrup, 2005）, Subsequently, auditory information is transferred through the thalamus, the medial geniculate body, and then the auditory cortex （Winer et al., 2005; Razak and Fuzessery, 2010; Hackett, 2011; Lee and Sherman, 2011; Lee and Winer, 2011;
基金supported by NIH/NIMH grant R01MH111619(to SQ),R21AG078700(to SQ)Institute of Mental Health Research(IMHR,Level 1 funding,to SQ and DF)institution startup fund from The University of Arizona(to SQ)。
文摘Loss of synapse and functional connectivity in brain circuits is associated with aging and neurodegeneration,however,few molecular mechanisms are known to intrinsically promote synaptogenesis or enhance synapse function.We have previously shown that MET receptor tyrosine kinase in the developing cortical circuits promotes dendritic growth and dendritic spine morphogenesis.To investigate whether enhancing MET in adult cortex has synapse regenerating potential,we created a knockin mouse line,in which the human MET gene expression and signaling can be turned on in adult(10–12 months)cortical neurons through doxycycline-containing chow.We found that similar to the developing brain,turning on MET signaling in the adult cortex activates small GTPases and increases spine density in prefrontal projection neurons.These findings are further corroborated by increased synaptic activity and transient generation of immature silent synapses.Prolonged MET signaling resulted in an increasedα-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid/N-methyl-Daspartate(AMPA/NMDA)receptor current ratio,indicative of enhanced synaptic function and connectivity.Our data reveal that enhancing MET signaling could be an interventional approach to promote synaptogenesis and preserve functional connectivity in the adult brain.These findings may have implications for regenerative therapy in aging and neurodegeneration conditions.
文摘It is a common misconception that e-cigarettes are safer than tobacco smoking,given their adverse cardiopulmonary effects,habituation,and the fact that it is only a fashion based manifestation to sell and use them.Therefore,the use of e cigarettes should not be encouraged as an alternative and pragmatic measure should be taken to profess this agenda.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62074163)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.JQ24030).
文摘Organic electrochemical transistors have emerged as a solution for artificial synapses that mimic the neural functions of the brain structure,holding great potentials to break the bottleneck of von Neumann architectures.However,current artificial synapses rely primarily on electrical signals,and little attention has been paid to the vital role of neurotransmitter-mediated artificial synapses.Dopamine is a key neurotransmitter associated with emotion regulation and cognitive processes that needs to be monitored in real time to advance the development of disease diagnostics and neuroscience.To provide insights into the development of artificial synapses with neurotransmitter involvement,this review proposes three steps towards future biomimic and bioinspired neuromorphic systems.We first summarize OECT-based dopamine detection devices,and then review advances in neurotransmitter-mediated artificial synapses and resultant advanced neuromorphic systems.Finally,by exploring the challenges and opportunities related to such neuromorphic systems,we provide a perspective on the future development of biomimetic and bioinspired neuromorphic systems.
基金Technology Program of Jiaying University,No.2024KJZ01Open Funding of Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Conservation and Precision Utilization of Characteristic Agricultural Resources in Mountainous Areas,No.2023JYKF08National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.42277442。
文摘The conversion of subtropical red soils into farmland involves complex transformations of iron oxides.Investigating iron mineralogy can enhance understanding of magnetic minerals in relation to soil formation on farmland in subtropical regions.In this study,we investigated the properties of iron oxide and its environmental implications in the farmland of Meizhou city,Guangdong province.The results showed that farmland soils had higher magnetism than the red soils developed from the same metamorphic rock.The red soils displayed significantly higher concentrations of goethite and hematite than the farmland soils.The dominant factor influencing the magnetic changes in farmland and red soils was the concentration of fine-grained ferromagnetic minerals.Red soil magnetism is an indicator of soil weathering intensity,whereas farmland soil magnetism is closely related to human cultivation activities.In contrast to the red soils,the farmland soils lacked the pronounced transformation of ferromagnetic minerals into hematite and goethite.A vigorous oxidation process catalyzes the transformation of strong magnetic minerals into significant amounts of hematite and goethite,which promotes the reduced magnetism of red soils.The conversion of red soils into farmland soils initially increased the accumulation of ferromagnetic materials due to cultivation processes.However,long-term cultivation led to the gradual loss of fine-grained ferromagnetic minerals,while goethite and lepidocrocite became the dominant magnetic mineral types.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2022YFA1204500 and 2022YFA1204502)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22293043 and 92163209)the IPE Project for Frontier Basic Research,China(No.QYJC-2023-08)
文摘Inspired by the visual neurons of biological systems,optoelectronic synaptic devices integrate photoresponsive semiconductor materials to convert light into electrical signals,enabling biomimetic visual perception systems.Achieving memory retention and intelligent perceptual functions continues to pose a major hurdle in the advancement of neuromorphic artificial synapse devices.This review begins with an exploration of biological neural synapses,analyzing the fundamental characteristics and structures of biomimetic optoelectronic synapses.It then delves into the design of device and material structures to achieve postsynaptic current and memory behavior,elucidating their underlying mechanisms.Furthermore,the latest application scenarios of these devices are summarized,highlighting the opportunities and challenges in their future development.This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the advancements in optoelectronic synapses,from material innovations to neuromorphic applications,paving the way for next-generation artificial visual systems and neuromorphic computing.
文摘Schizophrenia is a multifaceted neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by hallucinations,delusions,cognitive deficits,and emotional dysregulation.The prefrontal cortex(PFC),essential for executive functions,working memory,and emotional regulation,is notably impaired in this condition.This review consolidates current insights into the role of PFC dysfunction in schizophrenia,with a focus on its implications for therapeutic strategies.The neuroanatomical and neurobiological foundations of PFC dysfunction are explored,emphasizing structural abnormalities,functional dysconnectivity,and microcircuit disruptions that contribute to cognitive deficits and impaired decision-making.Clinical implications are discussed,particularly the correlation between PFC dysfunction and the severity and progression of schizophrenia symptoms.Additionally,pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches aimed at modulating PFC activity are reviewed as potential therapeutic options.In conclusion,a deeper understanding of PFC dysfunction is pivotal for developing targeted treatments,and ongoing research offers promising avenues for enhancing outcomes for individuals affected by this debilitating disorder.
文摘Teacher professional identity is a comprehensive reflection of teachers’role perception,emotional experiences,and behavioral tendencies towards their profession.It serves as an intrinsic driving force for teachers’professional development and is also a crucial issue in teacher education research.From a global perspective,this study systematically reviews and examines relevant research on the professional identity of international Chinese language teachers(ICLTs).A comparative analysis is conducted between Chinese and foreign scholars’research in terms of theoretical foundations,research subjects,research content,and research methodologies.This comprehensive overview of the current research landscape in this field,along with a summary of existing achievements and identified problems,facilitates the transformation of fragmented research findings on ICLTs’professional identity into a systematic understanding and reveals research gaps.Building upon this foundation,the study proposes future research prospects for the professional identity of ICLTs from aspects such as the construction of a cross-cultural perspective-based teacher professional identity system,the transformation of teacher professional identity in the context of digital transformation,and case studies on ICLTs’professional identity.The aim is to promote high-quality development in both theory and practice of international Chinese language education.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province,China(2024NSFSC1272)the Innovation Team Development Funds for Sichuan Mutton Goat&Sheep,China(SCCXTD-2024-14)Scientific and Technological Innovation Team for Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Research in Southwest Minzu University,China(2024CXTD08)。
文摘Bocapavovirus,a member of the genus Bocaparvovirus within the subfamily Parvovirinae and the family Parvoviridae,is a small,non-enveloped,single-stranded DNA virus.This pathogen poses health risks to both humans and animals.The Bocaparvovirus genome.
基金supported by the Guiding Science and Technology Plan Project of Changsha City under Grant kzd2501129by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(Grant No.2025JJ50368)+1 种基金the Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department(Grant No.24A0248)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62273141)。
文摘The functionality of the biological brain is closely related to the dynamic behavior generated by synapses in its complex neural system.The self-connection synapse,as a critical form of feedback synapse in Hopfield neurons,plays an essential role in understanding the dynamic behavior of the brain.Synaptic memristors can bring neural network models closer to the complexity of the brain's neural networks.Inspired by this,this study incorporates the nonlinear memory characteristics of synapses into the Hopfield neural network(HNN)by replacing a single self-synapse in a four-dimensional HNN model with a novel cosine memristor model,aiming to more realistically reproduce the dynamical behavior of biological neurons in artificial systems.By performing a dynamical analysis of the system using numerical methods,we find that the model exhibits infinitely many equilibrium points and can induce the formation of rare transient attractors,as well as an arbitrary number of multi-scroll attractors.Additionally,the model demonstrates complex coexisting attractor dynamics,including transient chaos,periodicity,decaying periodicity,and coexisting chaos.Furthermore,the feasibility of the proposed HNN model is verified using a field-programmable gate array(FPGA).Finally,an electronic codebook(ECB)–mode block cipher encryption algorithm is proposed for image encryption.The encryption performance is evaluated,with an information entropy value of 7.9993,demonstrating the excellent randomness of the system-generated numbers.
文摘Rapid technological advancements are driving embodied intelligent robots from laboratories to real-life applications to serve as a key force reshaping the future way of life.Like many other revolutionary technologies,while sparking utopian visions of the future,the development of embodied intelligence has aroused concerns about safety risks, emotional ethics, and socio-cultural implications.
文摘Anopheles(An.)stephensi is one of the dominant malaria vectors in India,Bangladesh,Pakistan,Iran,Iraq and some other Asian countries[1].It plays a crucial role in transmitting Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax in India along with its rural counterpart,An.culicifacies.This mosquito species has adapted well to urban and peri-urban environments,making it a significant public health concern in the country.The presence of An.stephensi in urban areas contrasts with other malaria vectors that predominantly inhabit rural regions,thus complicating traditional malaria control strategies.It is well-adapted to human-made environments,breeding in various containers including tanks,cisterns,and barrels used for water storage.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12171294)。
文摘Interval-valued pre-aggregation functions are a hot topic in the research of aggregation functions and have received considerable attention in recent years.As a special class of interval-valued pre-aggregation functions,(light)interval-valued pre-t-norms were initially proposed by Wang and Hu,but their properties were not further discussed by the authors.The main purpose of this paper is to study in depth the properties and generation of(light)intervalvalued pre-t-norms.Firstly,several properties of(light)interval-valued pre-t-norms and their relationship with(light)pre-t-norms are presented.Then,two different generation methods for(light)interval-valued pre-t-norms are introduced.Finally,it demonstrates a specific application of(light)interval-valued pre-t-norms in constructing interval-valued directional monotonic fuzzy implications,namely,using the(light)interval-valued pre-t-norm IT,interval-valued fuzzy negations IN,and(light)interval-valued pre-t-conorm IS to construct interval-valued QL-directional monotonic operations.
基金The research and development project of Beijing Disaster Prevention Technology Co.,Ltd.(FZKJYF202201)funded this work.
文摘Although the late Quaternary slip rate of the Northern Margin Fault of the Huaizhuo Basin(NFHB)was studied approximately 30 years ago using thermoluminescence and geomorphic methods,the underlying uncertainty cannot be neglected,considering the limitations resulting from age and displacement measurements.Accordingly,we attempted to re-estimate the late Quaternary slip rate of the NFHB using high-precision remote sensing image interpretation,large-scale geological and geomorphic mapping,paleoseismic analysis,and Quaternary geochronology testing.The results,based on stratigraphic dislocation and age constraint in the trenches,show that the present deformation of the NFHB has been dominated by the extension,with a vertical slip rate~0.04-0.11 mm/a.We estimate a vertical slip rate of~0.06 mm/a,with an R^(2) value of~0.91,which is much lower than the~0.5 mm/a result estimated previously.There are three possible reasons for this discrepancy.The first is the limitation resulting from dating and displacement measurements in earlier studies;the second is the slip decomposition caused by multiple branches of the NFHB,which leads to the low slip rate observed at a single fault;and third possible explanation is that the fault may be locked at present with a low slip rate,which means that the earthquake hazard of the NFHB cannot be ignored,and more in-depth research,such as geodetic and intensive observations of earthquake precursors,is urgently needed.This discovery poses a new challenge for the active study of the NFHB and the northeast corner of the Ordos Plateau in the North China Block.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.82172635,82272686,and 82203628)Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(Grant No.23JCZDJC00200)Tianjin Key Medical Discipline(Specialty)Construction Project(Grant No.TJYXZDXK-010A).
文摘Introduction Small cell lung cancer(SCLC)is a highly aggressive malignancy with limited treatment options.Despite advances in immunotherapy,response rates remain low,and the efficacy of current molecular subtyping1,2 is insufficient to predict therapeutic outcomes3,4.A recently identified vulnerability in SCLC involves the dysregulation of nuclear-cytoplasmic transport,particularly through exportin 1(XPO1)5-7.
文摘The relationship between heaven and humanity is one of the fundamental philosophical foundations of ecological ethics in ancient Chinese Confucian thought.As a master of Confucian philosophy of mind,Wang Yangming integrated the traditional Confucian discourse on the relationship between heaven and humanity into the principles of the philosophy of mind.Building on the traditional doctrine of benevolence centered on moral concern,he further developed an ecological view of‘benevolence as the unity of heaven and earth’.In his work Inquiry on the Great Learning,Wang Yangming systematically elaborated on this notion,emphasizing the philosophical expression of the relationship between humans and nature within an ethical framework and outlining the new implications of traditional Confucian ecological thought.This paper aims to analyze Wang Yangming’s ecological view of‘benevolence as the unity of heaven and earth’by examining the ecological ideas in his Inquiry on the Great Learning.On this basis,it seeks to refine the valuable achievements of traditional Chinese ecological civilization thought and strengthen the theoretical foundation of contemporary ecological ideas with Chinese characteristics.
基金funded by Shaoxing University’s enterprise important horizontal topic(No.2024USXH287)the Graduate research project of Shaoxing University(Nos.Y20240280)。
文摘The global aging crisis has increased the prevalence of skeletal disorders,necessitating innovative therapeutic strategies.This review employs the brain-bone axis(BBA)framework to examine the role of the sympathetic nervous system(SNS)in bone metabolism.The research systematically elucidates the molecular mechanisms by which the SNS mediates signaling pathways through neurofibers and neurotransmitters,such as norepinephrine,dopamine,neuropeptide Y,and leptin,regulating interactions between bone-related cells to maintain skeletal homeostasis.It also identifies the pathological associations between the dysregulation of these pathways and the progression of bone-related conditions,such as osteoporosis,osteoarthritis,and intervertebral disc degeneration.By integrating current evidence,we identify novel therapeutic targets within the BBA and propose neuro-centric intervention strategies to mitigate skeletal diseases.This review deepens the understanding of neuro-skeletal interactions and lays a foundation for innovative treatments for bone-related pathologies.
基金funded by IUGS and UNESCO through the IGCP-715 initiativethe collection of rock samples and topographical data.Special recognition goes to the Sternes Cave Expeditions(2018–2023)the Gourgouthakas Expedition(2022)and the Lion Expeditions(2013–2015)for their substantial contributions.
文摘This multidisciplinary study integrates structural and cave mapping,3D geological modeling,and Geographical Information System(GIS)analysis to provide constraints of the hydrogeological model for the central Lefka Ori Massif.Through 44 km of linear mapping,we discovered the new mid-Miocene Pachnes Thrust(PT)which plays a key role in the central Lefka Ori Massif structural framework.
