The conventional Ni cermet anode suffers from severe carbon deposition and sulfur poisoning when fossil fuels are used. Alternative anode materials are desired for high performance hydrocarbon fuel solid oxide fuel ce...The conventional Ni cermet anode suffers from severe carbon deposition and sulfur poisoning when fossil fuels are used. Alternative anode materials are desired for high performance hydrocarbon fuel solid oxide fuel cells （SOFCs）. We report the rational design of a very active Ni doped La0.6Sr0.4FeO3‐δ（LSFN） electrode for hydrocarbon fuel SOFCs. Homogeneously dispersed Ni‐Fe alloy nanoparticles were in situ extruded onto the surface of the LSFN particles during the operation of the cell. Sym‐metric SOFC single cells were prepared by impregnating a LSFN precursor solution onto a YSZ （yt‐tria stabilized zirconia） monolithic cell with a subsequent heat treatment. The open circuit voltage of the LSFN symmetric cell reached 1.18 and 1.0 V in humidified C3H8 and CH4 at 750？？, respective‐ly. The peak power densities of the cells were 400 and 230 mW/cm2 in humidified C3H8 and CH4, respectively. The electrode showed good stability in long term testing, which revealed LSFN has good catalytic activity for hydrocarbon fuel oxidation.展开更多
Symmetrical solid oxide fuel cells(SSOFCs)could be alternative energy conversion devices due to their simple fabrication process and low cost.Herein,perovskite La_(0.6)Ce_(0.1)Sr_(0.3)Fe_(0.95)Ru_(0.05O3-δ)(LCSFR)was...Symmetrical solid oxide fuel cells(SSOFCs)could be alternative energy conversion devices due to their simple fabrication process and low cost.Herein,perovskite La_(0.6)Ce_(0.1)Sr_(0.3)Fe_(0.95)Ru_(0.05O3-δ)(LCSFR)was synthesized and evaluated as a high-performance electrode for SSOFCs based on the electrolyte of La_(0.9)Sr_(0.1)Ga_(0.8)Mg_(0.2)O_(3-δ)(LSGM).LCSFR retains their stable perovskite crystal structure in both reducing and oxidizing atmospheres,though a minor amount of LaSrFeO4 phase is present under reducing conditions.Morphology investigation shows that homogeneously dispersed Ru metallic nanoparticles are exsolved on the surface of LCSFR after being reduced.The polarization resistance(Rp)of LCSFR-CGO(Ce_(0.9)Gd_(0.1O2-δ))is about 0.11Ω·cm^(2)at 800℃in air,while the value of Rp for LCSFR-CGO in wet H_(2)(3%H_(2)O)increases up to 0.32Ω·cm^(2).The symmetrical LCSFR-CGOILSGMILCSFR-CGO cell demonstrates a performance with an open circuit potential(OCV)of 1.07 V and a maximum peak power density of 904 mW/cm^(2)at 800℃using wet H2 as the fuel.This high performance indicates that LCSFR is a candidate electrode for SSOFCs.展开更多
One of the key tasks in solid oxide fuel cell research is to develop cost-competitive electrodes that work efficiently in wide range of air and fuel utilizations.Herein,we promote our study to a series of Cobalt and T...One of the key tasks in solid oxide fuel cell research is to develop cost-competitive electrodes that work efficiently in wide range of air and fuel utilizations.Herein,we promote our study to a series of Cobalt and Titanium substituted La_(0.4)Sr_(0.6)Fe_(0.7)Ti_(0.3-x)Co_(x)O_(3-δ)(LSFTC,x=0,0.05,0.1,0.2)perovskite oxides.It is shown that Cobalt doping effectively improves the electrical conductivity and oxygen electrochemical reduction activity,yielding decreased cathode polarization resistance and lower dependence of pO_(2) change.For example,σ_(600℃)=81 S/cm and R_(p,C750℃)=0.1 Ω cm^(2) for LSFTC-5 are obtained in pO_(2)=0.21 atm.In anode conditions of wet H2,the LSFTC cubic perovskites are partially reduced to hybrid structure of ABO_(3)-A_(2)BO_(4)-metal with Cobalt doping amount less than 10% and are fully decomposed to A_(2)BO_(4)-metal with 20% doping.The higher Cobalt substitution generates more nano particles exsolution,which promotes anode processes at low temperatures.However,the generated AO-rich compositions are shown detrimental to anode performance in both conducting property and anode catalytic activity under low H_(2) partial pressures.In current study,the electrodes are evaluated under practical working conditions with broad pO_(2) and pH_(2),which provides guidelines for industrial-applicable SrFeO_(3) based symmetrical electrode development.展开更多
In recent years, interest in hydrogen as a fuel has sharply increased in the field of alternative and green energy due to its high energy capability and zero-emission behaviour. As a result, research in the developmen...In recent years, interest in hydrogen as a fuel has sharply increased in the field of alternative and green energy due to its high energy capability and zero-emission behaviour. As a result, research in the development of new highly efficient methods for producing high-purity hydrogen is relevant. This paper presents, for the first time, the test results of an electrochemical cell with a proton-conducting La_(0.9)Sr_(0.1)ScO_(3-δ) electrolyte and symmetrical Sr_(1.95)Fe_(1.4)Ni_(0.1)Mo_(0.5)O_(6-δ)+ La_(0.9)Sr_(0.1)Sc_(0.9)Co_(0.1)O_(3-δ) electrodes as a hybrid setup for electricity generation in proton ceramic fuel cell mode, for hydrogen separation from H_(2)+ Ar mixture and the production of high-purity hydrogen from methane with simultaneous CO_(2) utilization.It was found that this electrochemical cell generates high flow rates of hydrogen during its separation through a proton-conducting membrane from H_(2)+ Ar mixture, about 500 cm^(3)h^(-1)cm^(-2)at a current density of 0.6 A cm^(-2)as well as about 370 cm^(3) h^(-1)cm^(-2)at a current density of 0.5 A cm^(-2) from CH_(4)+ CO_(2) mixture at 800 ℃ which shows that these cells are promising for hydrogen production.展开更多
CONSPECTUS:Piezoionic skin sensors are one kind of artificial electrical skin that can output sensing signals in response to external strain or stress stimulus with merits of flexibility,lightness,scalability,and high...CONSPECTUS:Piezoionic skin sensors are one kind of artificial electrical skin that can output sensing signals in response to external strain or stress stimulus with merits of flexibility,lightness,scalability,and high sensitivity.They have been emerging as an important platform in artificial intelligence,such as in smart healthcare,bionic robotics,and microelectromechanical systems.Piezoionic sensors are typically composed of an electrolyte laminated with symmetric electrodes and are based on ion migration and redistribution under a gradient strain or stress field.However,existing challenges significantly impede the sensing performance of piezoionic sensors,including the low electromechanical coupling efficiency of the electrode materials,instability of electrolyte materials,and strain-induced interface separation of sensor interfaces.In recent years,our group and collaborators have made attempts addressing the as-mentioned critical challenges in order to achieve flexible piezoionic sensors with satisfying performance for wearable smart applications.First,for the electromechanical coupling efficiency of electrode materials,we have developed various electrode materials with highly efficient ion storage and transfer,such as graphdiyne,quinone composites,and graphitic carbon nitride.These materials present superior electrical and mechanical properties with enhanced electromechanical coupling efficiency.Second,in order to improve the stability of electrolytes,especially in an air environment,we have developed ionogel electrolytes instead of conventional hydrogel electrolytes.Ionogels contain highly stable ionic liquids,which effectively improve the air stability of sensor electrolytes,and the sensing properties of devices are preserved even after several months.Third,with regard to sensor interface separation,we have engineered stable material interfaces for piezoionic sensors with elaborate structures.The as-designed tree-root-inspired interfaces show high mechanical stability under various flexible conditions,and the piezoionic sensors display negligible performance deterioration under thousands of bending cycles in an ambient environment.Finally,we have obtained flexible piezoionic sensors and studied their practical applications,such as wearable electronics,health monitoring,and smart detections.For example,we have realized the accurate detection of blood pressure based on an out-of-plane piezoionic mechanism.This innovative technique completely avoids the cuff issue that commercial sphygmomanometers have.Moreover,we have developed multifinger-touch piezoionic sensor arrays for effective braille recognition,which have the potential to eliminate communication barriers with sight-impaired people.Human voices can be easily differentiated by detecting vocal-cord vibrations based on captured sensing signals with obviously different patterns.This smart technique is promising for extended and applied use in virtual reality technology.Lastly,a perspective on existing challenges of piezoionic sensors is highlighted to set a clear direction for future research,including low-cost material synthesis,the mass production of flexible sensors,and healthcare sensor products.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51372271,51172275)the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program,2012CB215402)~~
文摘The conventional Ni cermet anode suffers from severe carbon deposition and sulfur poisoning when fossil fuels are used. Alternative anode materials are desired for high performance hydrocarbon fuel solid oxide fuel cells （SOFCs）. We report the rational design of a very active Ni doped La0.6Sr0.4FeO3‐δ（LSFN） electrode for hydrocarbon fuel SOFCs. Homogeneously dispersed Ni‐Fe alloy nanoparticles were in situ extruded onto the surface of the LSFN particles during the operation of the cell. Sym‐metric SOFC single cells were prepared by impregnating a LSFN precursor solution onto a YSZ （yt‐tria stabilized zirconia） monolithic cell with a subsequent heat treatment. The open circuit voltage of the LSFN symmetric cell reached 1.18 and 1.0 V in humidified C3H8 and CH4 at 750？？, respective‐ly. The peak power densities of the cells were 400 and 230 mW/cm2 in humidified C3H8 and CH4, respectively. The electrode showed good stability in long term testing, which revealed LSFN has good catalytic activity for hydrocarbon fuel oxidation.
基金Project supported by the State of Grid(SGSDJN00FZQT1700446)。
文摘Symmetrical solid oxide fuel cells(SSOFCs)could be alternative energy conversion devices due to their simple fabrication process and low cost.Herein,perovskite La_(0.6)Ce_(0.1)Sr_(0.3)Fe_(0.95)Ru_(0.05O3-δ)(LCSFR)was synthesized and evaluated as a high-performance electrode for SSOFCs based on the electrolyte of La_(0.9)Sr_(0.1)Ga_(0.8)Mg_(0.2)O_(3-δ)(LSGM).LCSFR retains their stable perovskite crystal structure in both reducing and oxidizing atmospheres,though a minor amount of LaSrFeO4 phase is present under reducing conditions.Morphology investigation shows that homogeneously dispersed Ru metallic nanoparticles are exsolved on the surface of LCSFR after being reduced.The polarization resistance(Rp)of LCSFR-CGO(Ce_(0.9)Gd_(0.1O2-δ))is about 0.11Ω·cm^(2)at 800℃in air,while the value of Rp for LCSFR-CGO in wet H_(2)(3%H_(2)O)increases up to 0.32Ω·cm^(2).The symmetrical LCSFR-CGOILSGMILCSFR-CGO cell demonstrates a performance with an open circuit potential(OCV)of 1.07 V and a maximum peak power density of 904 mW/cm^(2)at 800℃using wet H2 as the fuel.This high performance indicates that LCSFR is a candidate electrode for SSOFCs.
基金the financial support from National Natural Science Foundation of China(51702163)Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2018YFB1502203)+1 种基金Jiangsu Province(BK20170847,BE2017098)Top-notch Academic Programs Project of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions.
文摘One of the key tasks in solid oxide fuel cell research is to develop cost-competitive electrodes that work efficiently in wide range of air and fuel utilizations.Herein,we promote our study to a series of Cobalt and Titanium substituted La_(0.4)Sr_(0.6)Fe_(0.7)Ti_(0.3-x)Co_(x)O_(3-δ)(LSFTC,x=0,0.05,0.1,0.2)perovskite oxides.It is shown that Cobalt doping effectively improves the electrical conductivity and oxygen electrochemical reduction activity,yielding decreased cathode polarization resistance and lower dependence of pO_(2) change.For example,σ_(600℃)=81 S/cm and R_(p,C750℃)=0.1 Ω cm^(2) for LSFTC-5 are obtained in pO_(2)=0.21 atm.In anode conditions of wet H2,the LSFTC cubic perovskites are partially reduced to hybrid structure of ABO_(3)-A_(2)BO_(4)-metal with Cobalt doping amount less than 10% and are fully decomposed to A_(2)BO_(4)-metal with 20% doping.The higher Cobalt substitution generates more nano particles exsolution,which promotes anode processes at low temperatures.However,the generated AO-rich compositions are shown detrimental to anode performance in both conducting property and anode catalytic activity under low H_(2) partial pressures.In current study,the electrodes are evaluated under practical working conditions with broad pO_(2) and pH_(2),which provides guidelines for industrial-applicable SrFeO_(3) based symmetrical electrode development.
文摘In recent years, interest in hydrogen as a fuel has sharply increased in the field of alternative and green energy due to its high energy capability and zero-emission behaviour. As a result, research in the development of new highly efficient methods for producing high-purity hydrogen is relevant. This paper presents, for the first time, the test results of an electrochemical cell with a proton-conducting La_(0.9)Sr_(0.1)ScO_(3-δ) electrolyte and symmetrical Sr_(1.95)Fe_(1.4)Ni_(0.1)Mo_(0.5)O_(6-δ)+ La_(0.9)Sr_(0.1)Sc_(0.9)Co_(0.1)O_(3-δ) electrodes as a hybrid setup for electricity generation in proton ceramic fuel cell mode, for hydrogen separation from H_(2)+ Ar mixture and the production of high-purity hydrogen from methane with simultaneous CO_(2) utilization.It was found that this electrochemical cell generates high flow rates of hydrogen during its separation through a proton-conducting membrane from H_(2)+ Ar mixture, about 500 cm^(3)h^(-1)cm^(-2)at a current density of 0.6 A cm^(-2)as well as about 370 cm^(3) h^(-1)cm^(-2)at a current density of 0.5 A cm^(-2) from CH_(4)+ CO_(2) mixture at 800 ℃ which shows that these cells are promising for hydrogen production.
基金supported by startup funding from Soochow University,the Jiangsu Specially-Appointed Professor Funding,the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62404148)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20220505)+1 种基金the Leading Talents of Innovation and Entrepreneurship of Gusu(ZXL2023191)the Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science&Technology.
文摘CONSPECTUS:Piezoionic skin sensors are one kind of artificial electrical skin that can output sensing signals in response to external strain or stress stimulus with merits of flexibility,lightness,scalability,and high sensitivity.They have been emerging as an important platform in artificial intelligence,such as in smart healthcare,bionic robotics,and microelectromechanical systems.Piezoionic sensors are typically composed of an electrolyte laminated with symmetric electrodes and are based on ion migration and redistribution under a gradient strain or stress field.However,existing challenges significantly impede the sensing performance of piezoionic sensors,including the low electromechanical coupling efficiency of the electrode materials,instability of electrolyte materials,and strain-induced interface separation of sensor interfaces.In recent years,our group and collaborators have made attempts addressing the as-mentioned critical challenges in order to achieve flexible piezoionic sensors with satisfying performance for wearable smart applications.First,for the electromechanical coupling efficiency of electrode materials,we have developed various electrode materials with highly efficient ion storage and transfer,such as graphdiyne,quinone composites,and graphitic carbon nitride.These materials present superior electrical and mechanical properties with enhanced electromechanical coupling efficiency.Second,in order to improve the stability of electrolytes,especially in an air environment,we have developed ionogel electrolytes instead of conventional hydrogel electrolytes.Ionogels contain highly stable ionic liquids,which effectively improve the air stability of sensor electrolytes,and the sensing properties of devices are preserved even after several months.Third,with regard to sensor interface separation,we have engineered stable material interfaces for piezoionic sensors with elaborate structures.The as-designed tree-root-inspired interfaces show high mechanical stability under various flexible conditions,and the piezoionic sensors display negligible performance deterioration under thousands of bending cycles in an ambient environment.Finally,we have obtained flexible piezoionic sensors and studied their practical applications,such as wearable electronics,health monitoring,and smart detections.For example,we have realized the accurate detection of blood pressure based on an out-of-plane piezoionic mechanism.This innovative technique completely avoids the cuff issue that commercial sphygmomanometers have.Moreover,we have developed multifinger-touch piezoionic sensor arrays for effective braille recognition,which have the potential to eliminate communication barriers with sight-impaired people.Human voices can be easily differentiated by detecting vocal-cord vibrations based on captured sensing signals with obviously different patterns.This smart technique is promising for extended and applied use in virtual reality technology.Lastly,a perspective on existing challenges of piezoionic sensors is highlighted to set a clear direction for future research,including low-cost material synthesis,the mass production of flexible sensors,and healthcare sensor products.
