Tea plant(Camellia sinensis(L.)O.Kuntze)is a cold-sensitive leaf-harvesting crop whose growth,yield,and processed tea quality are all inhibited by low temperatures.Therefore,identifying the regulatory genes involved i...Tea plant(Camellia sinensis(L.)O.Kuntze)is a cold-sensitive leaf-harvesting crop whose growth,yield,and processed tea quality are all inhibited by low temperatures.Therefore,identifying the regulatory genes involved in tea plant growth and freezing tolerance is crucial for genetic improvement.WRKY transcription factors regulate various plant processes,including growth and development,stress responses,and metabolite biosynthesis.However,the molecular network through which WRKY coordinates these pathways in tea plants remains unclear.In this study,we revealed that CsWRKY57L,a cold-inducible WRKY IIc subfamily member,positively regulated freezing tolerance by directly promoting flavonoid accumulation in tea plants.Transient suppression of CsWRKY57L weakened the freezing tolerance of tea plants by reducing flavonoid content and suppressing the C-repeat-binding factor(CBF)-cold-responsive(COR)gene pathway.In contrast,heterologous overexpression of CsWRKY57L in Arabidopsis had the opposite effect.Additionally,overexpression of CsWRKY57L inhibited reproductive development and accelerated senescence in Arabidopsis.Interaction analysis revealed that CsWRKY57L directly binds to the promoters of CsSWEET1a,CsSWEET15,and AtSWEET15,which encode sugar transporters essential for plant reproductive development,and inhibits their transcription.Overall,the study revealed a dual role of CsWRKY57L in promoting freezing tolerance via flavonoid biosynthesis and inhibiting reproductive development by regulating SWEETs expression.This study uncovers a novel mechanism whereby CsWRKY57L coordinately regulates both stress responses and growth in tea plants,providing a molecular basis for breeding low-temperature-tolerant varieties with restricted reproductive development.展开更多
Increasing access to locally produced, safe, nutritious and affordable complementary foods is essential to combat micronutrient deficiencies in young children in low- and middle-income countries. Two formulations of s...Increasing access to locally produced, safe, nutritious and affordable complementary foods is essential to combat micronutrient deficiencies in young children in low- and middle-income countries. Two formulations of sweets based on jujube, baobab fruit powder and sweet potato puree were produced, and their nutritional values and sensory properties such as taste, smell, color and acceptability were assessed. The formulation containing the most jujube powder, baobab fruit and sweet potato puree gave the best nutritional value. The sweets are rich in calcium (259.80 mg/100 g), magnesium (67.98 mg/100 g), potassium (782.04 mg/100 g), vitamin C (32.37 mg/100 g), iron (6.45 g mg/100 g) and zinc (0.97 mg/100 g). Sensory tests on the two formulations showed acceptability scores ranging from 81.26% to 84.58%, well above the minimum acceptable threshold. Candies with jujube, baobab fruit powder and sweet potato puree could be an alternative for preventing micronutrient deficiencies.展开更多
SWEET (sugars will eventually be exported transporters)是植物中新发现的一类编码糖转运蛋白的基因,它在植物生长发育及糖代谢过程中发挥重要作用。该基因家族在木薯(Manihot esculenta)中尚未有详细的报道。本研究从Phytozome数据...SWEET (sugars will eventually be exported transporters)是植物中新发现的一类编码糖转运蛋白的基因,它在植物生长发育及糖代谢过程中发挥重要作用。该基因家族在木薯(Manihot esculenta)中尚未有详细的报道。本研究从Phytozome数据库获得了28个木薯SWEET候选基因并对其进行生物信息学分析,在华南124的木薯苗中通过荧光定量实验检测SWEET基因在旱胁迫下的表达水平。结果发现木薯SWEET基因被分为4簇,主要分布在第6条和第14条染色体上,编码234 aa与302 aa之间的氨基酸序列;木薯SWEET基因家族的表达在旱胁迫条件下发生了变化,其中明显上调的基因有9个,包括MeSWEET1b、MeSWEET2a、MeSWEET6、MeSWEET9a、MeSWEET9b、MeSWEET12、MeSWEET15a、MeSWEET15b和MeSWEET16c;而表达量明显下调的基因也有9个,为MeSWEET2b、MeSWEET3b、MeSWEET4、MeSWEET7、MeSWEET11、MeSWEET16a、MeSWEET16b、MeSWEET17a和MeSWEET17c。这些结果为进一步阐明SWEET基因家族在木薯中的功能提供理论依据。展开更多
If we were to say,“I am giving something sweet to someone who is verysweet,”then I think the meaning of this expression would become immedi-ately clear.We say it when giving something sweet to a person-usually tochi...If we were to say,“I am giving something sweet to someone who is verysweet,”then I think the meaning of this expression would become immedi-ately clear.We say it when giving something sweet to a person-usually tochildren or someone considered very wonderful.“I’ve been saving this展开更多
Many people have bad habits,and they are not good for you.Bad habits can be staying up too late,eating too many sweets or biting your nails.Bad habits aren't easy to break,but you can do it!First,notice when you d...Many people have bad habits,and they are not good for you.Bad habits can be staying up too late,eating too many sweets or biting your nails.Bad habits aren't easy to break,but you can do it!First,notice when you do the habit.Then,try to do something else,such as chewing gum or reading a book.Ask a friend to help you stop.They can watch you and remind you.Do your best and don't stop trying.Changing little by little can make a difference!展开更多
Chinese New Year is a time of vibrant energy and delightful surprises.Streets across China glow with red and gold decorations,while the air carries the scent of freshly steamed pastries and a wide variety of sweet tre...Chinese New Year is a time of vibrant energy and delightful surprises.Streets across China glow with red and gold decorations,while the air carries the scent of freshly steamed pastries and a wide variety of sweet treats.As the Year of the Horse gallops in,it brings a surge of vitality to the communities.Beyond fireworks,decorations,and dragon dances.展开更多
Anthocyanins play a crucial role in shaping the visual appeal and nutritional quality of fruits.Previous research on anthocyanin biosynthesis in sweet cherry(Prunus avium L.)has primarily relied on single-omics approa...Anthocyanins play a crucial role in shaping the visual appeal and nutritional quality of fruits.Previous research on anthocyanin biosynthesis in sweet cherry(Prunus avium L.)has primarily relied on single-omics approaches or focused on a limited range of metabolites,leaving the regulatory mechanisms and dynamic metabolism of anthocyanins during ripening inadequately characterized.This study integrated anthocyanin-targeted metabolomics and transcriptomics to identify key anthocyanins in sweet cherry and construct a transcriptional regulatory network for anthocyanin biosynthesis.A novel bHLH transcription factor,Prunus avium bHLH transcription factor 102(PavbHLH102),was identified,and its role in regulating cyanidin levels was validated through overexpression and silencing experiments.Both in vitro and in vivo assays demonstrated that PavbHLH102 activates key anthocyanin biosynthetic genes,including PavF3H,PavDFR,and PavUFGT,thereby enhancing fruit coloration.Notably,PavF3′H upregulation significantly increased cyanidin accumulation.This study provides new insights into anthocyanin regulation in sweet cherry and offers valuable resources for improving fruit quality.展开更多
Among the low-cost nitrogen sources(dry spent yeast or DSY,rice bran,and soybean meal),DSY was identified as the most suitable supplement for lactic acid fermentation from sweet sorghum juice by Lactococcus lactis IO-...Among the low-cost nitrogen sources(dry spent yeast or DSY,rice bran,and soybean meal),DSY was identified as the most suitable supplement for lactic acid fermentation from sweet sorghum juice by Lactococcus lactis IO-1.However,lactic acid concentration(PL)using DSY was~22%lower than the control nitrogen source,yeast extract(YE).Statistical analysis using YE as a control nitrogen source revealed optimal conditions of 74.70 g/L of initial sugar and 15.20 g/L of YE,achieving a PL of 71.95 g/L and a 91.63%sugar consumption(SC).When DSY(22.61 g/L)containing an equivalent nitrogen content to the optimal YE was tested,PL and SC decreased to 55.13 g/L and 72.33%,respectively.Increasing DSY to 33.92 g/L(1.5 times)improved lactic acid productivity(QL)by~31%but did not enhance PL or SC.However,supplementing 33.92 g/L of DSY with 7.60 g/L of YE enhanced lactic acid production by~19-53%,achieving a PL of 70.11 g/L,SC of 92.33%,QL of 2.34 g/L⋅h,with a high lactic acid yield(YL/S),1.02 g/g.Scale-up fermentation in a 7.5-L fermenter demonstrated comparable results to those using 15.20 g/L of YE alone.These findings demonstrate that sweet sorghum juice supplemented with DSY and reduced YE is a promising medium for efficient lactic acid production,offering significant cost reduction potential for industrial applications while maintaining high productivity and yield.展开更多
China and Laos are close neighbors with a long-standing friendship.Since the early 2000s,China has supported Laos'economic and social development through wide-ranging cooperation projects,all guided by the vision ...China and Laos are close neighbors with a long-standing friendship.Since the early 2000s,China has supported Laos'economic and social development through wide-ranging cooperation projects,all guided by the vision of a community with a shared future.As this vision takes deeper root,many aid projects have moved from blueprint to reality,delivering tangible benefits across towns and villages and improving the lives of ordinary Lao people while further strengthening bilateral ties.展开更多
Lablab purpureus(L.)Sweet(L.purpureus)has been reported to alleviate diarrhea,although the precise mechanism remains unclear.This study identified the primary active components of L.purpureus utilizing ultraperformanc...Lablab purpureus(L.)Sweet(L.purpureus)has been reported to alleviate diarrhea,although the precise mechanism remains unclear.This study identified the primary active components of L.purpureus utilizing ultraperformance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS).A rhubarb-induced diarrhea model in rats was utilized to assess the therapeutic efficacy of L.purpureus.Alterations in gut microbiota and fecal metabolism were analyzed via 16S r DNA analysis and targeted metabolomics.Flora elimination and fecal transplantation techniques were employed to deepen understanding of the role of intestinal flora in L.purpureus treatment.The study findings indicated that the main constituents of L.purpureus included trigonelline,piperidinic acid,and L-(–)-malic acid,among others.L.purpureus treatment significantly alleviated all diarrhea symptoms in rats,encompassing reduced fecal water content,weight loss,shortened colon length,diminished histological damage,and decreased inflammatory factors.Furthermore,L.purpureus significantly enhanced the expression of tight junction markers and restored the dysregulated intestinal flora in diarrheic rats by increasing Prevotella and reducing Lactobacillus.Additionally,the production of propionic acid and other short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)increased in diarrheic rats treated with L.purpureus,suggesting a substantial alteration in the intestinal environment.Crucially,the protective efficacy of L.purpureus diminishes in the absence of gut flora.Subsequent fecal transplantation tests demonstrated that feces from the L.purpureus-treated group alleviated rhubarb-induced diarrhea,emphasizing the pivotal role of gut microbiota in the antidiarrheal efficacy of L.purpureus.In conclusion,our findings elucidate the underlying mechanisms of L.purpureus'antidiarrheal action and its beneficial impact on intestinal microflora.Moreover,these results provide compelling evidence supporting the therapeutic use of L.purpureus for the treatment of diarrhea and its associated complications.展开更多
Maize(Zea mays L.)is recognized as one of the most significant cereal crops worldwide,serving as a primary source of human food,animal feed,and industrial raw materials.With increasing diversification of market demand...Maize(Zea mays L.)is recognized as one of the most significant cereal crops worldwide,serving as a primary source of human food,animal feed,and industrial raw materials.With increasing diversification of market demands for specialty maize varieties,distinctive fresh produce cultivars characterized by unique textures have gained considerable popularity among consumers(Boyer and Shannon 1984).Notably,sweet maize is often referred to as the‘King of fruits and vegetables'due to its richness in polysaccharides,dietary fiber,trace elements,vitamins,linoleic acid,and other essential nutrients(Revilla et al.2021).展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.32072630,32372774,and U22A20499)the earmarked fund for CARS(Grant No.CARS-19-01A).
文摘Tea plant(Camellia sinensis(L.)O.Kuntze)is a cold-sensitive leaf-harvesting crop whose growth,yield,and processed tea quality are all inhibited by low temperatures.Therefore,identifying the regulatory genes involved in tea plant growth and freezing tolerance is crucial for genetic improvement.WRKY transcription factors regulate various plant processes,including growth and development,stress responses,and metabolite biosynthesis.However,the molecular network through which WRKY coordinates these pathways in tea plants remains unclear.In this study,we revealed that CsWRKY57L,a cold-inducible WRKY IIc subfamily member,positively regulated freezing tolerance by directly promoting flavonoid accumulation in tea plants.Transient suppression of CsWRKY57L weakened the freezing tolerance of tea plants by reducing flavonoid content and suppressing the C-repeat-binding factor(CBF)-cold-responsive(COR)gene pathway.In contrast,heterologous overexpression of CsWRKY57L in Arabidopsis had the opposite effect.Additionally,overexpression of CsWRKY57L inhibited reproductive development and accelerated senescence in Arabidopsis.Interaction analysis revealed that CsWRKY57L directly binds to the promoters of CsSWEET1a,CsSWEET15,and AtSWEET15,which encode sugar transporters essential for plant reproductive development,and inhibits their transcription.Overall,the study revealed a dual role of CsWRKY57L in promoting freezing tolerance via flavonoid biosynthesis and inhibiting reproductive development by regulating SWEETs expression.This study uncovers a novel mechanism whereby CsWRKY57L coordinately regulates both stress responses and growth in tea plants,providing a molecular basis for breeding low-temperature-tolerant varieties with restricted reproductive development.
文摘Increasing access to locally produced, safe, nutritious and affordable complementary foods is essential to combat micronutrient deficiencies in young children in low- and middle-income countries. Two formulations of sweets based on jujube, baobab fruit powder and sweet potato puree were produced, and their nutritional values and sensory properties such as taste, smell, color and acceptability were assessed. The formulation containing the most jujube powder, baobab fruit and sweet potato puree gave the best nutritional value. The sweets are rich in calcium (259.80 mg/100 g), magnesium (67.98 mg/100 g), potassium (782.04 mg/100 g), vitamin C (32.37 mg/100 g), iron (6.45 g mg/100 g) and zinc (0.97 mg/100 g). Sensory tests on the two formulations showed acceptability scores ranging from 81.26% to 84.58%, well above the minimum acceptable threshold. Candies with jujube, baobab fruit powder and sweet potato puree could be an alternative for preventing micronutrient deficiencies.
文摘SWEET (sugars will eventually be exported transporters)是植物中新发现的一类编码糖转运蛋白的基因,它在植物生长发育及糖代谢过程中发挥重要作用。该基因家族在木薯(Manihot esculenta)中尚未有详细的报道。本研究从Phytozome数据库获得了28个木薯SWEET候选基因并对其进行生物信息学分析,在华南124的木薯苗中通过荧光定量实验检测SWEET基因在旱胁迫下的表达水平。结果发现木薯SWEET基因被分为4簇,主要分布在第6条和第14条染色体上,编码234 aa与302 aa之间的氨基酸序列;木薯SWEET基因家族的表达在旱胁迫条件下发生了变化,其中明显上调的基因有9个,包括MeSWEET1b、MeSWEET2a、MeSWEET6、MeSWEET9a、MeSWEET9b、MeSWEET12、MeSWEET15a、MeSWEET15b和MeSWEET16c;而表达量明显下调的基因也有9个,为MeSWEET2b、MeSWEET3b、MeSWEET4、MeSWEET7、MeSWEET11、MeSWEET16a、MeSWEET16b、MeSWEET17a和MeSWEET17c。这些结果为进一步阐明SWEET基因家族在木薯中的功能提供理论依据。
文摘If we were to say,“I am giving something sweet to someone who is verysweet,”then I think the meaning of this expression would become immedi-ately clear.We say it when giving something sweet to a person-usually tochildren or someone considered very wonderful.“I’ve been saving this
文摘Many people have bad habits,and they are not good for you.Bad habits can be staying up too late,eating too many sweets or biting your nails.Bad habits aren't easy to break,but you can do it!First,notice when you do the habit.Then,try to do something else,such as chewing gum or reading a book.Ask a friend to help you stop.They can watch you and remind you.Do your best and don't stop trying.Changing little by little can make a difference!
文摘Chinese New Year is a time of vibrant energy and delightful surprises.Streets across China glow with red and gold decorations,while the air carries the scent of freshly steamed pastries and a wide variety of sweet treats.As the Year of the Horse gallops in,it brings a surge of vitality to the communities.Beyond fireworks,decorations,and dragon dances.
基金funding from the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province,China(Grant Nos.2025ZNSFSC1100,2024NSFSC0324)the National Key Research and Development Project(Grant No.2017YFC0505104)+2 种基金the Sichuan Agricultural University Dual Support Plan Special Project(Grant No.2024ZYTS020)the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program(Grade B)of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.GZB20250863)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2025M773740).
文摘Anthocyanins play a crucial role in shaping the visual appeal and nutritional quality of fruits.Previous research on anthocyanin biosynthesis in sweet cherry(Prunus avium L.)has primarily relied on single-omics approaches or focused on a limited range of metabolites,leaving the regulatory mechanisms and dynamic metabolism of anthocyanins during ripening inadequately characterized.This study integrated anthocyanin-targeted metabolomics and transcriptomics to identify key anthocyanins in sweet cherry and construct a transcriptional regulatory network for anthocyanin biosynthesis.A novel bHLH transcription factor,Prunus avium bHLH transcription factor 102(PavbHLH102),was identified,and its role in regulating cyanidin levels was validated through overexpression and silencing experiments.Both in vitro and in vivo assays demonstrated that PavbHLH102 activates key anthocyanin biosynthetic genes,including PavF3H,PavDFR,and PavUFGT,thereby enhancing fruit coloration.Notably,PavF3′H upregulation significantly increased cyanidin accumulation.This study provides new insights into anthocyanin regulation in sweet cherry and offers valuable resources for improving fruit quality.
基金supported by Research Program Funding,from Research and Innovation Department,Khon Kaen University(RP68-6-FerVAAP-001),ThailandThe authors also thank Beer Thip Brewery Co.,Ltd.,Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya,Thailand for providing dried spent yeast(DSY).
文摘Among the low-cost nitrogen sources(dry spent yeast or DSY,rice bran,and soybean meal),DSY was identified as the most suitable supplement for lactic acid fermentation from sweet sorghum juice by Lactococcus lactis IO-1.However,lactic acid concentration(PL)using DSY was~22%lower than the control nitrogen source,yeast extract(YE).Statistical analysis using YE as a control nitrogen source revealed optimal conditions of 74.70 g/L of initial sugar and 15.20 g/L of YE,achieving a PL of 71.95 g/L and a 91.63%sugar consumption(SC).When DSY(22.61 g/L)containing an equivalent nitrogen content to the optimal YE was tested,PL and SC decreased to 55.13 g/L and 72.33%,respectively.Increasing DSY to 33.92 g/L(1.5 times)improved lactic acid productivity(QL)by~31%but did not enhance PL or SC.However,supplementing 33.92 g/L of DSY with 7.60 g/L of YE enhanced lactic acid production by~19-53%,achieving a PL of 70.11 g/L,SC of 92.33%,QL of 2.34 g/L⋅h,with a high lactic acid yield(YL/S),1.02 g/g.Scale-up fermentation in a 7.5-L fermenter demonstrated comparable results to those using 15.20 g/L of YE alone.These findings demonstrate that sweet sorghum juice supplemented with DSY and reduced YE is a promising medium for efficient lactic acid production,offering significant cost reduction potential for industrial applications while maintaining high productivity and yield.
基金supported by the Yunnan Provincial Philosophy and Social Science Planning Projectthe Yunnan Academy of Social Sciences。
文摘China and Laos are close neighbors with a long-standing friendship.Since the early 2000s,China has supported Laos'economic and social development through wide-ranging cooperation projects,all guided by the vision of a community with a shared future.As this vision takes deeper root,many aid projects have moved from blueprint to reality,delivering tangible benefits across towns and villages and improving the lives of ordinary Lao people while further strengthening bilateral ties.
基金financial support from the State Key Research and Development Plan,China(2022YFD1801105)the 2115 Talent Development Program of China Agricultural University(00109015).
文摘Lablab purpureus(L.)Sweet(L.purpureus)has been reported to alleviate diarrhea,although the precise mechanism remains unclear.This study identified the primary active components of L.purpureus utilizing ultraperformance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS/MS).A rhubarb-induced diarrhea model in rats was utilized to assess the therapeutic efficacy of L.purpureus.Alterations in gut microbiota and fecal metabolism were analyzed via 16S r DNA analysis and targeted metabolomics.Flora elimination and fecal transplantation techniques were employed to deepen understanding of the role of intestinal flora in L.purpureus treatment.The study findings indicated that the main constituents of L.purpureus included trigonelline,piperidinic acid,and L-(–)-malic acid,among others.L.purpureus treatment significantly alleviated all diarrhea symptoms in rats,encompassing reduced fecal water content,weight loss,shortened colon length,diminished histological damage,and decreased inflammatory factors.Furthermore,L.purpureus significantly enhanced the expression of tight junction markers and restored the dysregulated intestinal flora in diarrheic rats by increasing Prevotella and reducing Lactobacillus.Additionally,the production of propionic acid and other short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs)increased in diarrheic rats treated with L.purpureus,suggesting a substantial alteration in the intestinal environment.Crucially,the protective efficacy of L.purpureus diminishes in the absence of gut flora.Subsequent fecal transplantation tests demonstrated that feces from the L.purpureus-treated group alleviated rhubarb-induced diarrhea,emphasizing the pivotal role of gut microbiota in the antidiarrheal efficacy of L.purpureus.In conclusion,our findings elucidate the underlying mechanisms of L.purpureus'antidiarrheal action and its beneficial impact on intestinal microflora.Moreover,these results provide compelling evidence supporting the therapeutic use of L.purpureus for the treatment of diarrhea and its associated complications.
基金supported by the Youth Research Foundation of Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,China(QNJJ202420)the Beijing Science and Technology Association Youth Lifting Project,Chinathe Beijing Municipal Rural Revitalization Agricultural Science and Technology Development Project,China(NY2401020224)。
文摘Maize(Zea mays L.)is recognized as one of the most significant cereal crops worldwide,serving as a primary source of human food,animal feed,and industrial raw materials.With increasing diversification of market demands for specialty maize varieties,distinctive fresh produce cultivars characterized by unique textures have gained considerable popularity among consumers(Boyer and Shannon 1984).Notably,sweet maize is often referred to as the‘King of fruits and vegetables'due to its richness in polysaccharides,dietary fiber,trace elements,vitamins,linoleic acid,and other essential nutrients(Revilla et al.2021).
