As an active flow control technology and with the advantages of no moving components, the Sweeping jet actuator has become a hotspot in the field of flow control. However, the linear relationship between oscillation f...As an active flow control technology and with the advantages of no moving components, the Sweeping jet actuator has become a hotspot in the field of flow control. However, the linear relationship between oscillation frequency and momentum coefficient in a sweeping jet actuator makes it difficult to determine the dominant factors that affect control effectiveness. Decoupling the oscillation frequency and momentum coefficient, as well as determining the control mechanism, is the focus of studying the sweeping jet actuator. In this study, a novel sweeping jet actuator is designed using synthetic jets instead of feedback channels and applied to the flow separation control of NACA0018 airfoil. This article studies the control effect under three oscillation frequencies of F<sup>+</sup> = f × c/U<sub>∞</sub> = 1, 10, 100 and three momentum coefficients of C<sub>μ</sub> = 0.45%, 0.625%, 0.9%. The numerical results indicate that all three oscillation frequencies have good control effects on flow separation, and the control effect is best when F<sup>+</sup> = 1, with the maximum lift coefficient increasing by approximately 14% compared to the other two cases. And the sweeping jet actuator has a better ability to control flow separation as the momentum coefficient increases. By decoupling the characteristics of the sweeping jet actuator and conducting numerical analysis of the flow control effect, it will promote its better engineering application in the field of flow control. .展开更多
CO2 flooding is regarded as an important method for enhanced oil recovery （EOR） and greenhouse gas control. However, the heterogeneity prevalently dis- tributed in reservoirs inhibits the performance of this technol...CO2 flooding is regarded as an important method for enhanced oil recovery （EOR） and greenhouse gas control. However, the heterogeneity prevalently dis- tributed in reservoirs inhibits the performance of this technology. The sweep efficiency can be significantly reduced especially in the presence of ＂thief zones＂. Hence, gas channeling blocking and mobility control are important technical issues for the success of CO2 injection. Normally, crosslinked gels have the potential to block gas channels, but the gelation time control poses challenges to this method. In this study, a new method for selectively blocking CO2 channeling is proposed, which is based on a type of CO2-sensitive gel system （modified polyacry- lamide-methenamine-resorcinol gel system） to form gel in situ. A CO2-sensitive gel system is when gelation or solidification will be triggered by CO2 in the reservoir to block gas channels. The CO2-sensitivity of the gel system was demonstrated in parallel bottle tests of gel in N2 and CO2 atmospheres. Sand pack flow experiments were con- ducted to investigate the shutoff capacity of the gel system under different conditions. The injectivity of the gel system was studied via viscosity measurements. The results indi- cate that this gel system was sensitive to CO2 and had good performance of channeling blocking in porous media. Advantageous viscosity-temperature characteristics were achieved in this work. The effectiveness for EOR in heterogeneous formations based on this gel system was demonstrated using displacement tests conducted in double sand packs. The experimental results can provide guideli- nes for the deployment of theCO2-sensitive gel system for field applications.展开更多
The usage of open communication infrastructure for transmitting the control signals in the Load Frequency Control (LFC) scheme of power system introduces time delays. These time delays may degrade the dynamic performa...The usage of open communication infrastructure for transmitting the control signals in the Load Frequency Control (LFC) scheme of power system introduces time delays. These time delays may degrade the dynamic performance of the power system. This paper proposes a robust method to design a controller for multi-area LFC schemes considering communication delays. In existing literature, the controller values of LFC are designed using time domain approach which is less accurate than the proposed method. In proposed method, the controller values are determined by moving the rightmosteigenvalues of the system to the left half plane in a quasi-continuous way for a preset upper bound of time delay. Then the robustness of the proposed controller is assessed by estimating the maximumtolerable value of time delay for maintaining system stability. Simulation studies are carried out for multi-area LFC scheme equipped with the proposed controller using Matlab/simulink. From the results, it has been concluded that the proposed controller guarantees the tolerance for all time delays smaller than the preset upper bound and provides a bigger delay margin than the existing controllers.展开更多
针对低渗透水驱波及效率低的问题,研究了具有扩大波及体积作用的油包水乳液的形成及对驱油效果的影响。乳化剂浓度、油水比以及岩心渗透率是影响水包油乳液向油包水乳液的转变的重要因素。在高浓度条件下(0.5%和0.3%),乳化剂TC-6和原油...针对低渗透水驱波及效率低的问题,研究了具有扩大波及体积作用的油包水乳液的形成及对驱油效果的影响。乳化剂浓度、油水比以及岩心渗透率是影响水包油乳液向油包水乳液的转变的重要因素。在高浓度条件下(0.5%和0.3%),乳化剂TC-6和原油形成的分散体系以水包油乳液为主。随着浓度降低,水包油乳液转变为油包水乳液并伴随着分散体系粘度的升高。相同浓度条件下,油水比升高也会引起水包油乳液向油包水乳液的转变。质量浓度0.3%条件下,油水比<6∶4时,分散体系以水包油为主;油水比>7∶3时,水包油乳液转变为高粘度油包水乳液。乳化剂浓度,油水比渗透率低于50.1 m D时,水包油乳液不稳定,容易发生反相形成油包水乳液。低渗透岩心实验表明,具有扩大波及体积功能的乳化剂能够在水驱基础上提高采收率8.9%,明显高于超低界面张力表面活性剂体系提高采收率效果。同时,乳化剂分子量小、粘度低,本身不存在注入性的问题,因此对于低渗透油藏水驱后扩大波及体积、提高原油采收率具有重要意义。展开更多
对数字错位散斑干涉测量技术的音频扫描加载方式进行了研究,提出并实现了计算机控制的宽带音频扫描加载系统,该系统具有使用方便,音频信号可任意控制,既可以有稳定的单一信号输出,又可以连续输出线性关系的宽带扫频信号。研制开发的压...对数字错位散斑干涉测量技术的音频扫描加载方式进行了研究,提出并实现了计算机控制的宽带音频扫描加载系统,该系统具有使用方便,音频信号可任意控制,既可以有稳定的单一信号输出,又可以连续输出线性关系的宽带扫频信号。研制开发的压控式音频波形发生器(Voltage-controlled Wave form Generator),在工程中具有广泛的应用价值。展开更多
文摘As an active flow control technology and with the advantages of no moving components, the Sweeping jet actuator has become a hotspot in the field of flow control. However, the linear relationship between oscillation frequency and momentum coefficient in a sweeping jet actuator makes it difficult to determine the dominant factors that affect control effectiveness. Decoupling the oscillation frequency and momentum coefficient, as well as determining the control mechanism, is the focus of studying the sweeping jet actuator. In this study, a novel sweeping jet actuator is designed using synthetic jets instead of feedback channels and applied to the flow separation control of NACA0018 airfoil. This article studies the control effect under three oscillation frequencies of F<sup>+</sup> = f × c/U<sub>∞</sub> = 1, 10, 100 and three momentum coefficients of C<sub>μ</sub> = 0.45%, 0.625%, 0.9%. The numerical results indicate that all three oscillation frequencies have good control effects on flow separation, and the control effect is best when F<sup>+</sup> = 1, with the maximum lift coefficient increasing by approximately 14% compared to the other two cases. And the sweeping jet actuator has a better ability to control flow separation as the momentum coefficient increases. By decoupling the characteristics of the sweeping jet actuator and conducting numerical analysis of the flow control effect, it will promote its better engineering application in the field of flow control. .
基金financial support from the National Basic Research Program of China(2015CB251201)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(15CX06024A)the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University(IRT1294 and IRT1086)
文摘CO2 flooding is regarded as an important method for enhanced oil recovery （EOR） and greenhouse gas control. However, the heterogeneity prevalently dis- tributed in reservoirs inhibits the performance of this technology. The sweep efficiency can be significantly reduced especially in the presence of ＂thief zones＂. Hence, gas channeling blocking and mobility control are important technical issues for the success of CO2 injection. Normally, crosslinked gels have the potential to block gas channels, but the gelation time control poses challenges to this method. In this study, a new method for selectively blocking CO2 channeling is proposed, which is based on a type of CO2-sensitive gel system （modified polyacry- lamide-methenamine-resorcinol gel system） to form gel in situ. A CO2-sensitive gel system is when gelation or solidification will be triggered by CO2 in the reservoir to block gas channels. The CO2-sensitivity of the gel system was demonstrated in parallel bottle tests of gel in N2 and CO2 atmospheres. Sand pack flow experiments were con- ducted to investigate the shutoff capacity of the gel system under different conditions. The injectivity of the gel system was studied via viscosity measurements. The results indi- cate that this gel system was sensitive to CO2 and had good performance of channeling blocking in porous media. Advantageous viscosity-temperature characteristics were achieved in this work. The effectiveness for EOR in heterogeneous formations based on this gel system was demonstrated using displacement tests conducted in double sand packs. The experimental results can provide guideli- nes for the deployment of theCO2-sensitive gel system for field applications.
文摘The usage of open communication infrastructure for transmitting the control signals in the Load Frequency Control (LFC) scheme of power system introduces time delays. These time delays may degrade the dynamic performance of the power system. This paper proposes a robust method to design a controller for multi-area LFC schemes considering communication delays. In existing literature, the controller values of LFC are designed using time domain approach which is less accurate than the proposed method. In proposed method, the controller values are determined by moving the rightmosteigenvalues of the system to the left half plane in a quasi-continuous way for a preset upper bound of time delay. Then the robustness of the proposed controller is assessed by estimating the maximumtolerable value of time delay for maintaining system stability. Simulation studies are carried out for multi-area LFC scheme equipped with the proposed controller using Matlab/simulink. From the results, it has been concluded that the proposed controller guarantees the tolerance for all time delays smaller than the preset upper bound and provides a bigger delay margin than the existing controllers.
文摘针对低渗透水驱波及效率低的问题,研究了具有扩大波及体积作用的油包水乳液的形成及对驱油效果的影响。乳化剂浓度、油水比以及岩心渗透率是影响水包油乳液向油包水乳液的转变的重要因素。在高浓度条件下(0.5%和0.3%),乳化剂TC-6和原油形成的分散体系以水包油乳液为主。随着浓度降低,水包油乳液转变为油包水乳液并伴随着分散体系粘度的升高。相同浓度条件下,油水比升高也会引起水包油乳液向油包水乳液的转变。质量浓度0.3%条件下,油水比<6∶4时,分散体系以水包油为主;油水比>7∶3时,水包油乳液转变为高粘度油包水乳液。乳化剂浓度,油水比渗透率低于50.1 m D时,水包油乳液不稳定,容易发生反相形成油包水乳液。低渗透岩心实验表明,具有扩大波及体积功能的乳化剂能够在水驱基础上提高采收率8.9%,明显高于超低界面张力表面活性剂体系提高采收率效果。同时,乳化剂分子量小、粘度低,本身不存在注入性的问题,因此对于低渗透油藏水驱后扩大波及体积、提高原油采收率具有重要意义。
文摘对数字错位散斑干涉测量技术的音频扫描加载方式进行了研究,提出并实现了计算机控制的宽带音频扫描加载系统,该系统具有使用方便,音频信号可任意控制,既可以有稳定的单一信号输出,又可以连续输出线性关系的宽带扫频信号。研制开发的压控式音频波形发生器(Voltage-controlled Wave form Generator),在工程中具有广泛的应用价值。
