We previously prepared nerve growth factor poly-lactide co-glycolid sustained-release microspheres to treat rat sciatic nerve injury using the small gap sleeve technique.Multiple growth factors play a synergistic role...We previously prepared nerve growth factor poly-lactide co-glycolid sustained-release microspheres to treat rat sciatic nerve injury using the small gap sleeve technique.Multiple growth factors play a synergistic role in promoting the repair of peripheral nerve injury;as a result,in this study,we added basic fibroblast growth factors to the microspheres to further promote nerve regeneration.First,in an in vitro biomimetic microenvironment,we developed and used a drug screening biomimetic microfluidic chip to screen the optimal combination of nerve growth factor/basic fibroblast growth factor to promote the regeneration of Schwann cells.We found that 22.56 ng/mL nerve growth factor combined with 4.29 ng/mL basic fibroblast growth factor exhibited optimal effects on the proliferation of primary rat Schwann cells.The successfully prepared nerve growth factor-basic fibroblast growth factor-poly-lactide-co-glycolid sustained-release microspheres were used to treat rat sciatic nerve transection injury using the small gap sleeve bridge technique.Compared with epithelium sutures and small gap sleeve bridging alone,the small gap sleeve bridging technique combined with drug-free sustained-release microspheres has a stronger effect on rat sciatic nerve transfection injury repair at the structural and functional level.展开更多
Allelochemicals sustained-release microspheres(ACs-SMs)exhibited great inhibition effect on algae,however,few studies have focused on ACs-SMs toxicity on invertebrate.In this study,the effects of single high-concentra...Allelochemicals sustained-release microspheres(ACs-SMs)exhibited great inhibition effect on algae,however,few studies have focused on ACs-SMs toxicity on invertebrate.In this study,the effects of single high-concentration ACs(15 mg/L,SH-ACs),repeated lowconcentration ACs(3×5 mg/L,RL-ACs)and ACs-SMs containing 15 mg/L ACs exposure on the ingestion,incorporation,and digestion of Daphniamagna Straus(DS)were investigated by stable isotope 15N labeling method.Meanwhile,the diversity and abundance of microflora in DS guts were determined by 16S rRNA genes and cloning methods.The results showed that SH-ACs exposure caused 50%and 33.3%death rates for newborn and adult DS,while RL-ACs exposure caused 10%death rate for newborn DS and no obvious effect on the activity of adult DS.And ACs-SMs exposure did not diminish the motility of both newborn and adult DS,indicating the lower acute toxicity of ACs-SMs.Furthermore,SH-ACs inhibited the ingestion(-6.45%),incorporation(-47.1%)and digestion(-53.8%)abilities of DS and reduced the microbial abundance(-27.7%)in DS guts.Compared with SH-ACs,RL-ACs showed relatively low impact on the ingestion(-3.23%),incorporation(-5.89%)and digestion(-23.9%)abilities of DS.Interestingly,ACs-SMs enhanced the ingestion(+9.68%),incorporation(+52.9%)and digestion(+51.3%)abilities of DS and increased the microbial abundance(+10.7%)in DS guts.Overall ACs and ACs-SMs reduced the diversity of microflora in DS guts.In conclusion,ACs-SMs can release ACs sustainably and prolong the sustained release time,which not only effectively reduce the toxicity of ACs,but also had positive effects on DS.展开更多
BACKGROUND: The implantation of released chemotherapeutic drugs, which takes biodegradable polymer as vector, into the tumor site can get high concentration and release the drug for a long time, it can directly act on...BACKGROUND: The implantation of released chemotherapeutic drugs, which takes biodegradable polymer as vector, into the tumor site can get high concentration and release the drug for a long time, it can directly act on the tumor cells, and reduce the general toxicity. OBJECTIVE: To explore the in vitro and in vivo course of 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) sustained-release from BCNU-loaded polylactide (PLA) microspheres (MS) and location in rat brain tissue. DESIGN: A repetitive measurement. SETTING:Central Pharmacy, General Hospital of Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces. MATERIALS: Thirty male SD rats were used. PLA (Mr5000, batch number: KSL8377) was produced by Wako Pure Chemical Inc.,Ltd. (Japan); BCNU (batch number: 021121) by Tianjin Jinyao Amino Acid Co., Ltd.; BCNU-PLA-MS was prepared by the method of solvent evaporation and pressed into tablets (10 mg/tablet). High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) Agilent 1100 (USA); LS9800 liquid-scintillation radiometric apparatus (Beckman). Chromatographic conditions: Elite Hypersil ODS2 C18 chromatographic column (5 μm, 4.6 mm×150 mm); Mobile phase: methanol: water (50:50), flow rate was 1.0 mL per minute, wave length of ultraviolet detection was 237 nm, and the inlet amount of samples was 10 μL. METHODS: The experiments were carried out in the experimental animal center of the General Hospital of Chinese Armed Police from May 2004 to July 2005. ① In vitro BCNU-PLA-MS release test: BCNU-PLA-MS was prepared by the method of solvent evaporation, then placed in 0.1 mol/L phosphate buffered solution (PBS, pH 7.4, 37 ℃), part of MS were taken out at 1, 2, 3, 7, 10 and 15 days respectively, and the rest amount of BCNU in MS was determined by HPLC, then the curve of BCNU-PLA-MS release was drawn. ②In vivo BCNU-PLA-MS release and distribution test: The rats were anesthetized, then BCNU-PLA-MS were implanted to the site 1 mm inferior to the cortex of frontal lobe. Five rats were killed postoperatively at 4 hours, 1, 2, 3, 7 and 15 days, the residual MS was removed from the brain tissue. The rest amount of BCNU was determined with HLPC, and the curve of BCNU-PLA-MS release was drawn as compared with the amount of BCNU in the implanted tablets. Besides, brain tissues (1 g) at the implanted side and the contralateral one were obtained respectively, blood sample (0.5 mL) was also collected, 3H-BCNU was counted radioactively in radioactive liquid flash solution. The distributions of BCNU-PLA-MS in normal rat brain tissue and serum were detected. The analysis of variance was applied to compare the intergroup differences of the measurement data. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Characteristics of BCNU-PLA-MS release in phosphate buffered solution (PBS) and rat brain tissue; ② Distributions of BCNU-PLA-MS in normal rat brain tissue and serum. RESULTS: ① Release of BCNU-PLA-MS in PBS and rat brain tissue: The BCNU released from BCNU-PLA-MS could be sustained for over 2 weeks both in PBS and brain tissue. In PBS, the released rate of BCNU was over 15% at 24 hours, nearly 50% at 72 hours and over 90% at 15 days. In brain tissue, the released rate was 8% at 4 hours, 16% at 24 hours, 60% at 72 hours, respectively, and BCNU could be sustained released for over 15 days. ② Distributions of BCNU-PLA-MS in normal rat brain tissue and serum: The concentrations of BCNU in the ipsilateral brain tissue were 6 to 70 times higher than those in the contralateral one. The concentrations of BCNU in the ipsilateral brain tissue were obviously higher than those in serum and contralateral brain tissue (F =103.47, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: BCNU-PLA-MS can increase the drug concentration in targeted brain tissue, decrease that in the non-targeted brain tissue, reduce general toxic and side effects, and have good releasing function.展开更多
In the present study,we aimed to prepare sustained-release microspheres for injection of neurokinin-1(NK-1)receptor antagonist APT011,and to evaluate their physicochemical properties,in vitro sustained-release effect ...In the present study,we aimed to prepare sustained-release microspheres for injection of neurokinin-1(NK-1)receptor antagonist APT011,and to evaluate their physicochemical properties,in vitro sustained-release effect and preliminary stability.APT011-loaded sustained-release microspheres were prepared using W/O/W double emulsion-solvent evaporation technique.The L9(34)orthogonal experiment was used to optimize the APT011 sustained-release microsphere formulation.Microscope photographs showed that APT011-loaded microspheres were spherical,and the particle size was^90μm with uniform size distribution.XRD results indicated that APT011 existed in the microspheres in an amorphous form.DSC results showed that there was no significant interaction between APT011 and blank microspheres.APT011-loaded microspheres had a significant sustained-release effect,which maintained release for at least 2 months.Preliminary study results indicated that the loading content and release percentage at 0.5 h were not markedly altered below 40°C and under high lighting condition.APT011-loaded microspheres prepared in our study exhibited excellent physicochemical properties and sustained-release characteristics and preliminary stability,demonstrating real potential for the clinical practice.展开更多
Aim To improve the dissolution rate and bioavailability of silybin. Methods Sustained-release silybin microspheres were prepared by the spherical crystallization technique with soliddispersing and release-retarding po...Aim To improve the dissolution rate and bioavailability of silybin. Methods Sustained-release silybin microspheres were prepared by the spherical crystallization technique with soliddispersing and release-retarding polymers. A differential scanning calorimeter and an X-ray diffractometer were used to investigate the dispersion state of silybin in the microspheres. The shape, surface morphology, and internal structure of the microspheres were observed using a scanning electron microscope. Characterization of the microspheres, such as average diameter, size distribution and bulk density of the microspheres was investigated. Results The particle size of the microspheres was determined mainly by the agitation speed. The dissolution rate of silybin from microspheres was enhanced by increasing the amount of the dispersing agents, and sustained by the retarding agents. The release rate of microspheres was controlled by adjusting the combination ratio of the dispersing agents to the retarding agents. The resuits of X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry analysis indicated that silybin was highly dispersed in the microspheres in amorphous state. The release profiles and content did not change after a three-month accelerated stability test at 40 ℃ and 75% relative humidity. Conclusion Sustained-release silybin microspheres with a solid dispersion structure were prepared successfully in one step by a spherical crystallization technique combined with solid dispersion technique. The preparation process is simple, reproducible and inexpensive. The method is efficient for designing sustained-release microspheres with water-insoluble drugs.展开更多
In this study the w/o/w extraction–evaporation technique was adopted to prepare poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres loading recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rhEGF). The micro-spheres were char...In this study the w/o/w extraction–evaporation technique was adopted to prepare poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres loading recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rhEGF). The micro-spheres were characterized for morphology by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and particle size distribution. The release performances, the proliferation effects and therapeutic effects of rhEGF-loaded PLGA microspheres were all studied. The results showed that these spherical micro-spheres had a narrow size distribution and a high drug encapsulation efficiency (85.6%). RhEGF-loaded microspheres enhanced the growth rate of fibroblasts and wound healing more efficiently than pure rhEGF. The number of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in the epidermis layer with the mi-crosphere treatment was significantly larger than those of the control groups. Overall locally sustained delivery of rhEGF from biodegradable PLGA microspheres may serve as a novel therapeutic strategy for diabetic ulcer repair.展开更多
High-performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） was employed to determine drug release rates based on emamectin benzoate concentrations in the medium. Release kinetics equations were used to fit the drug release behav...High-performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） was employed to determine drug release rates based on emamectin benzoate concentrations in the medium. Release kinetics equations were used to fit the drug release behavior. The effects of particle size and release medium pH on the release rate were also investigated. The indoor toxicity of emamectin benzoate-loaded polylactic acid microspheres on the diamondback moth larva （Plutella xylostella） was studied to explore drug sustained-release performance. In acidic and neutral media, the drug release behavior of the microspheres was in accord with the first-order kinetics equation. Increasing the spray dosage of emamectin benzoate-loaded polylactic acid microspheres initially resulted in an equivalent insecticidal efficacy with the conventional emamectin benzoate microemulsion. However, the drug persistence period was four-fold longer than that observed using the conventional formulation. The developed emamectin benzoate-loaded polylactic acid microspheres showed dramatic sustained-release performance. A treatment threshold of greater than 35 mg mL-1 was established for an efficient accumulated release concentration of emamectin benzoate-loaded microspheres.展开更多
Corticosteroids are widely used for the treatment of acute central nervous system injury. However, their bioactivity is limited by their short half-life. Sustained release of glucocorticoids can prolong their efficacy...Corticosteroids are widely used for the treatment of acute central nervous system injury. However, their bioactivity is limited by their short half-life. Sustained release of glucocorticoids can prolong their efficacy and inhibit scar formation at the site of nerve injury. In the present study, we wrapped the anastomotic ends of the rat sciatic nerve with a methylprednisolone sustained-release membrane. Compared with methylprednisone alone or methylprednisone microspheres, the methylprednisolone microsphere sustained-release membrane reduced tissue adhesion and inhibited scar tissue formation at the site of anastomosis. It also increased sciatic nerve function index and the thickness of the myelin sheath. Our findings show that the methylprednisolone microsphere sustained-release membrane effectively inhibits scar formation at the site of anastomosis of the peripheral nerve, thereby promoting nerve regeneration.展开更多
The captopril/ Chitosan-gelatin net-polymer microspheres （ Gap/ CGNPMs ） were prepared using Chitosan （ CS ） and gelatin （ Gel ） by the methods of emulsification. A cross linked reagent alone or in combination ...The captopril/ Chitosan-gelatin net-polymer microspheres （ Gap/ CGNPMs ） were prepared using Chitosan （ CS ） and gelatin （ Gel ） by the methods of emulsification. A cross linked reagent alone or in combination with microcrystalline cellulose （ MCC ） was added in the process of preparation of microspheres to eliminate dose dumping and burst phenomenon of microspheres for the improvemeat of the therapeutic efficiency and the decrease of the side effects of captopril （ Cap ）. The results indicate that Cap/ CGNPMs have a spherical shape , smooth surface roorphology and integral inside structure and no adhesive phenomena and good roobility , and the size distribution is mairdy from 220 to 280 μm. Researches on the Cap release test in vitro demonstrate that Cap/ CGNPMs are of the role of retarding release of Cap compared with Cap ordinary tablets （COT）, embedding ratio （ER） , drug loading （ DL ）, and swelling ratio （ SR ）, and release behaviors of CGNPMS are influenced by process conditions of preparation such as experimental material ratio （EMR） , composition of cross linking reagents. Among these factors , the EMR（1/4）, CLR （ FOR ＋ TPP） and 0.75% microcrystulline cellulose （MCC） added to the microspheres are the optimal scheme to the preparation of Cap/CGNPMs. The Cap/CGNPMs have a good characteristic of sustained release of drug, and the process of emulsifieation and crossinking process is simple and stable. The CGNPMs is probable to be one of an ideal sustained release system for water-soluble drugs.展开更多
The captopril/Chitosan-gelatin net-polymer microspheres(CTP/CGNPMs) were prepared using Chitosan(CTS) and gelatin(GT) by the methods of emulsification,cross-linked reagent alone or in combination and microcrystalline ...The captopril/Chitosan-gelatin net-polymer microspheres(CTP/CGNPMs) were prepared using Chitosan(CTS) and gelatin(GT) by the methods of emulsification,cross-linked reagent alone or in combination and microcrystalline cellulose(MCC) added in the process of preparation of microspheres,which aimed to eliminate dose dumping and burst phenomenon of microspheres for the improvement of the therapeutic efficiency and the decrease of the side effects of captopril(CTP). The results indicated that CTP/CGNPMs had a spherical shape,smooth surface and integral structure inside but no adhesive phenomena in the preparation. The size distribution ranged from 220 μm to 280 μm. The CTP release test in vitro demonstrated that CTP/CGNPMs played the role of retarding the release of CTP compared with ordinary CTP tablets. The release behaviors of CGNPMS were influenced by preparation conditions such as experimental material ratio(EMR) and composition of cross linking reagents. Among these factors,the EMR(1/4),CLR(FA+SPP) and 0.75% microcrystalline cellulose(MCC) added to the microspheres constituted the optimal scheme for the preparation of CTP/CGNPMs. The ER,DL and SR of CTP/CGNPMs prepared according to the optimal scheme were 46.23±4.51%,9.95±0.77% and 261±42%,respectively. The CTP/CGNPMs had the good characteristics of sustained release of drug and the process of emulsification and cross-linking were simple and stable. The CGNPMs are likely to be an ideal sustained release formulation for water-soluble drugs.展开更多
Bone defects have serious economic and clinical impacts;however,despite improvements in bone defect management,the range of clinical outcomes remains limited.A variety of biomaterials have been used to treat complex b...Bone defects have serious economic and clinical impacts;however,despite improvements in bone defect management,the range of clinical outcomes remains limited.A variety of biomaterials have been used to treat complex bone defects.However,final bone repair outcomes may be adversely affected by poor osteogenic capacity and risk of infection.Consequently,therapeutic methods are required that reduce bacterial contamination and increase the use of osteogenic biomaterials.Herein,we report the preparation of poly(lactic acid-coglycolic acid)(PLGA)microspheres coloaded with magnesium(Mg^(2+))and gallium(Ga^(3+))ions(Mg-Ga@PLGA),which can fill irregular bone defects and show good biosafety.During in vitro testing,Mg-Ga@PLGA not only showed a synergistic effect on promoting osteogenic differentiation but also inhibited osteoclastic differentiation.Moreover,we found that Mg-Ga@PLGA demonstrated an antibacterial effect.During in vivo testing,Mg Ga@PLGA exhibited strong in situ osteogenic ability.In conclusion,Mg-Ga@PLGA has good potential for treating bone defects at risk of infection.展开更多
Radioactive microspheres have demonstrated excellent therapeutic effects and good tolerance in the treatment of unresectable primary and secondary liver malignancies.This is attributed to precise embolization and pote...Radioactive microspheres have demonstrated excellent therapeutic effects and good tolerance in the treatment of unresectable primary and secondary liver malignancies.This is attributed to precise embolization and potent anti-tumor effect.However,certain limitations such as unstable loading,perfusion stasis,heterogeneous distribution,ectopic distribution,and insufficient dosage,restrict their clinical application.Herein,a novel personalized Y-90 carbon microsphere with high uniformity,high specific activity and high availability(^(90)Y-HUACM)is presented.It is synthesized through planar molecular complex adsorption and chemical deposition solidification.^(90)Y-HUACM exhibited controllable size,excellent biocompatibility,outstanding in vitro and in vivo stability.The radiolabeling efficiency of Y-90 exceeded 99%and the leaching rate of Y-90 is far below 0.1%.Furthermore,the excellent anti-tumor effect,nuclide loading stability,anti-reflux characteristics,precise embolization,and biosafety of^(90)Y-HUACM were validated in a rabbit VX2liver tumor model.In summary,this new,high-performance,and customizable radioactive microsphere provides a superior choice for selective internal radiation treatment of advanced liver cancer is expected to be rapidly applied in clinical practice.展开更多
Herein,porous poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA)microspheres were prepared to load icariin andmiR-23b for the treatment of metastatic lung cancer.The microspheres exhibited desirable aerodynamic diameter,high drug lo...Herein,porous poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA)microspheres were prepared to load icariin andmiR-23b for the treatment of metastatic lung cancer.The microspheres exhibited desirable aerodynamic diameter,high drug loading and encapsulation efficiency,as well as a favorable drug release profile,which was beneficial for the deposition and exposure of drugs in the lung tissues.The release solution from microspheres exhibited a favorable anti-proliferative effect by inducting cell apoptosis and arresting the cell cycle at G1 phase,and meanwhile inhibited the migration and invasion of cancer cells.More importantly,the microspheres could be effectively inhaled and accumulated in the lung tissues to trigger the in situ apoptosis of tumor cells and suppress metastasis,using mice bearing melanoma-metastatic lung cancer as a model.Furthermore,inhalation of themicrospheres showed favorable biocompatibility,barely causing tissue damage.Overall,porous PLGA microspheres provide a promising platform for the inhalable co-delivery of drugs and genes to obtain ideal therapeutic efficacy in lung cancer and other pulmonary diseases.展开更多
The increase in the utilization of infrared heat detection technology in military applications necessitates research on composites with improved thermal transmission performance and microwave absorption capabilities.T...The increase in the utilization of infrared heat detection technology in military applications necessitates research on composites with improved thermal transmission performance and microwave absorption capabilities.This study satisfactorily fabricated a series of MoS_(2)/BN-xyz composites(which were characterized by the weight ratio of MoS_(2)to BN,denoted by xy:z)through chemical vapor depos-ition,which resulted in their improved thermal stability and thermal transmission performance.The results show that the remaining mass of MoS_(2)/BN-101 was as high as 69.25wt%at 800℃under air atmosphere,and a temperature difference of 31.7℃was maintained between the surface temperature and the heating source at a heating temperature of 200℃.Furthermore,MoS_(2)/BN-301 exhibited an im-pressive minimum reflection loss value of-32.21 dB at 4.0 mm and a wide effective attenuation bandwidth ranging from 9.32 to 18.00 GHz(8.68 GHz).Therefore,these simplified synthesized MoS_(2)/BN-xyz composites demonstrate great potential as highly efficient con-tenders for the enhancement of microwave absorption performance and thermal conductance.展开更多
Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)have emerged as a promising contender for next-gener-ation energy storage systems.Hard carbon is re-garded as the most promising anode for commer-cial SIB,however,the large number of defects ...Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)have emerged as a promising contender for next-gener-ation energy storage systems.Hard carbon is re-garded as the most promising anode for commer-cial SIB,however,the large number of defects on its surface cause irreversible electrolyte consump-tion and an uneven solid electrolyte interphase film.An advanced molecular engineering strategy to coat hard carbon with polycyclic aromatic mo-lecules is reported.Specifically,polystyrene-based carbon microspheres(CSs)were first synthesized and then coated with polycyclic aromatic mo-lecules derived from coal tar pitch by spray-drying and followed by oxidation.Compared to the traditional CVD coating meth-od,this molecular framework strategy has been shown to reduce the number of defects on the surface of CSs without sacrifi-cing internal storage sites and suppressing transport kinetics in hosting the sodium ions.Besides the lower surface defect con-centration,the synthesized hybrid carbon microspheres(HCSs)have a larger grain size and more abundant closed pores,and have a higher reversible sodium storage capacity.A HCS-P-60%electrode has a capacity of 332.3 mAh g^(-1)with an initial Cou-lombic efficiency of 88.5%.It also has a superior rate performance of 246.6 mAh g^(-1)at 2 C and a 95.2%capacity retention after 100 cycles at 0.2 C.This work offers new insights into designing high-performance hard carbon microsphere anodes,advan-cing the commercialization of sodium-ion batteries.展开更多
The construction of monodisperse microporous organic microspheres is deemed a challenging issue,primarily due to the difficulty in achieving both high microporosity and uniformity within the microspheres.In this study...The construction of monodisperse microporous organic microspheres is deemed a challenging issue,primarily due to the difficulty in achieving both high microporosity and uniformity within the microspheres.In this study,a series of fluorinated monodisperse microporous microspheres are fabricated by solvothermal precipitation polymerization.The resulting fluorous methacrylate-based microspheres achieved higher than 400 m^(2)/g surface area,along with a yield of over 90%for the microspheres.Through comprehensive characterization and simulation methods,we discovered that the introduction of fluorous methacrylate monomers at high loading levels is the key factor contributing to the formation of the microporosity within the microspheres.The controlled temperature profile was found to be advantageous for achieving a high yield of microspheres and increased uniformity.Two-dimensional assemblies of these fluorinated microsphere arrays exhibited superhydrophobicity,superolephilicity,and water sliding angles below 10°.Furthermore,a three-dimensional assembly of the fluorinated microporous microsphere in a chromatographic column demonstrated significant improvement in the separation of Engelhardt agent compared to commercial columns.Our work offers a novel approach to constructing fluorinated monodisperse microporous microspheres for advanced applications.展开更多
Oseltamivir phosphate(OP),renowned as one of the most effective drugs for influenza treatment,encounters several challenges,including poor stability,difficulty in swallowing,and a bitter taste,thereby limiting its com...Oseltamivir phosphate(OP),renowned as one of the most effective drugs for influenza treatment,encounters several challenges,including poor stability,difficulty in swallowing,and a bitter taste,thereby limiting its compliance,particularly among children.Consequently,this study aimed to devise a novel sustained-release suspension of OP employing an ion exchange resin as a carrier to address these challenges.The OP-drug resin complex(OP-DRC)was synthesized utilizing ion exchange technology,while OP-coated microcapsules(OP-CM)were fabricated via the emulsion-evaporation method.The optimization of the formulation process for the OP sustained-release suspension was achieved through a combination of single-factor experimentation and orthogonal experimental design.Furthermore,the drug release kinetics and pharmacokinetic properties of the sustained-release suspension were thoroughly evaluated both in vitro and in vivo.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),and attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(ATR-FTIR)analyses confirmed the formation of drug-resin complexes via ionic bonding.The in vitro cumulative release rates were found to be 16%(1 h),53%(6 h),and 84%(24 h),respectively.Notably,the self-made sustained-release suspension exhibited an extended half-life(21.518 h),delayed time to peak concentration(T_(max))(6 h),and reduced maximum plasma concentration(C_(max))(0.397μg/mL)in comparison to commercial granules(half-life=8.466 h;T_(max)=2 h;C_(max)=0.631μg/mL).Additionally,the area under the curve(AUC)indicated that the bioavailability of the self-made OP suspension surpassed that of the commercial OP granules by 101%.These findings underscored the successful development of an oral OP sustained-release suspension characterized by stability,tastelessness,ease of swallowing,convenient administration,and sustained-release properties,thereby potentially enhancing drug compliance among children.展开更多
Microsphere assisted microscopy(MAM)has been rapidly developed to meet the measurement needs of microstructures.MAM can be integrated with optical interference microscopy(OIM)to achieve high lateral resolution surface...Microsphere assisted microscopy(MAM)has been rapidly developed to meet the measurement needs of microstructures.MAM can be integrated with optical interference microscopy(OIM)to achieve high lateral resolution surface profile measurement.However,the microspheres introduce intricate phase changes,resulting in optical path asymmetry which is very challenging to compensate for.This limitation constrains the application of MAM in OIM.In this paper,simulation analysis reveals that the phase transmission of the microsphere is influenced by parameters such as microsphere diameter and its relative position to the sample.It is concluded that a unique compensation process must be adopted for each individual microsphere.Addressing this issue,we proposed a phase compensation algorithm based on the three-dimensional position control of the microsphere and integrated it into our combined system of MAM and white light interferometry(WLI),reducing the phase errors introduced by the microspheres while enhancing the lateral resolution of optical system.This approach improved the profile measurement accuracy,offering a perspective for optically measuring the surface profile of intricate microstructures.展开更多
To improve the controlled release ability,we prepared attapulgite into microspheres by spray drying.This research began with a thorough thermogravimetric analysis to optimize attapulgite's heat treatment for drug ...To improve the controlled release ability,we prepared attapulgite into microspheres by spray drying.This research began with a thorough thermogravimetric analysis to optimize attapulgite's heat treatment for drug loading.By advanced spray drying,attapulgite was transformed into microspheres,refining its drug release characteristics.Various parameters were examined,achieving optimal particle size and morphology at 25%solid content,2.5%dispersant,and 3% binder.Attapulgite microspheres demonstrated exceptional encapsulation efficiency,exceeding 95% for doxorubicin hydrochloride,highlighting their versatility in drug delivery.FTIR and XRD were used to predict changes in material properties after spray drying.Notably,cytotoxicity tests confirmed the high biocompatibility of attapulgite microspheres,devoid of cell death induction.Attapulgite microsphere loaded with doxorubicin enable sustained drug release and maintain killing ability against tumor cells.This study confirms the viability of spray dried attapulgite microspheres for efficient drug loading and delivery and provides insights for innovative drug delivery systems that utilize the unique properties of attapulgite to advance therapeutics.展开更多
Crucial for mediating inflammation and the perception of pain,the ion channel known as transient receptor potential ankyrin 1(TRPA1)holds significant importance.It contributes to the increased production of cytokines ...Crucial for mediating inflammation and the perception of pain,the ion channel known as transient receptor potential ankyrin 1(TRPA1)holds significant importance.It contributes to the increased production of cytokines in the inflammatory cells of cartilage affected by osteoarthritis and represents a promising target for the treatment of this condition.By leveraging the unique advantages of liposomes,a composite microsphere drug delivery system with stable structural properties and high adaptability can be developed,providing a new strategy for osteoarthritis(OA)drug therapy.The liposomes as drug reservoirs for TRPA1 inhibitors were loaded into hyaluronic acid methacrylate(HAMA)hydrogels to make hydrogel microspheres via microfluidic technology.An in vitro inflammatory chondrocyte model was established with interleukin-1β(IL-1β)to demonstrate HAMA@Lipo@HC’s capabilities.A destabilization of the medial meniscus(DMM)mouse model was also created to evaluate the efficacy of intra-articular injections for treating OA.HAMA@Lipo@HC has a uniform particle-size distribution and is injectable.The drug encapsulation rate was 64.29%±2.58%,with a sustained release period of 28 days.Inhibition of TRPA1 via HC-030031 effectively alleviated IL-1β-induced chondrocyte inflammation and matrix degradation.In DMM model OA mice,microspheres showed good long-term sustained drug release properties,improved joint inflammation microenvironment,reduced articular cartilage damage and decreased mechanical nociceptive threshold.This research pioneers the creation of a drug delivery system tailored for delivery into the joint cavity,focusing on TRPA1 as a therapeutic target for osteoarthritis.Additionally,it offers a cutting-edge drug delivery platform aimed at addressing diseases linked to inflammation.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China, No. 2016YFC1101603 (to DYZ)the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Nos. 31640045 (to YHW), 81901251 (to ML)the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing of China, No. 7204323 (to ML)
文摘We previously prepared nerve growth factor poly-lactide co-glycolid sustained-release microspheres to treat rat sciatic nerve injury using the small gap sleeve technique.Multiple growth factors play a synergistic role in promoting the repair of peripheral nerve injury;as a result,in this study,we added basic fibroblast growth factors to the microspheres to further promote nerve regeneration.First,in an in vitro biomimetic microenvironment,we developed and used a drug screening biomimetic microfluidic chip to screen the optimal combination of nerve growth factor/basic fibroblast growth factor to promote the regeneration of Schwann cells.We found that 22.56 ng/mL nerve growth factor combined with 4.29 ng/mL basic fibroblast growth factor exhibited optimal effects on the proliferation of primary rat Schwann cells.The successfully prepared nerve growth factor-basic fibroblast growth factor-poly-lactide-co-glycolid sustained-release microspheres were used to treat rat sciatic nerve transection injury using the small gap sleeve bridge technique.Compared with epithelium sutures and small gap sleeve bridging alone,the small gap sleeve bridging technique combined with drug-free sustained-release microspheres has a stronger effect on rat sciatic nerve transfection injury repair at the structural and functional level.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 41977317, 42177051)Beijing Natural Science Foundation (No. 8182037)
文摘Allelochemicals sustained-release microspheres(ACs-SMs)exhibited great inhibition effect on algae,however,few studies have focused on ACs-SMs toxicity on invertebrate.In this study,the effects of single high-concentration ACs(15 mg/L,SH-ACs),repeated lowconcentration ACs(3×5 mg/L,RL-ACs)and ACs-SMs containing 15 mg/L ACs exposure on the ingestion,incorporation,and digestion of Daphniamagna Straus(DS)were investigated by stable isotope 15N labeling method.Meanwhile,the diversity and abundance of microflora in DS guts were determined by 16S rRNA genes and cloning methods.The results showed that SH-ACs exposure caused 50%and 33.3%death rates for newborn and adult DS,while RL-ACs exposure caused 10%death rate for newborn DS and no obvious effect on the activity of adult DS.And ACs-SMs exposure did not diminish the motility of both newborn and adult DS,indicating the lower acute toxicity of ACs-SMs.Furthermore,SH-ACs inhibited the ingestion(-6.45%),incorporation(-47.1%)and digestion(-53.8%)abilities of DS and reduced the microbial abundance(-27.7%)in DS guts.Compared with SH-ACs,RL-ACs showed relatively low impact on the ingestion(-3.23%),incorporation(-5.89%)and digestion(-23.9%)abilities of DS.Interestingly,ACs-SMs enhanced the ingestion(+9.68%),incorporation(+52.9%)and digestion(+51.3%)abilities of DS and increased the microbial abundance(+10.7%)in DS guts.Overall ACs and ACs-SMs reduced the diversity of microflora in DS guts.In conclusion,ACs-SMs can release ACs sustainably and prolong the sustained release time,which not only effectively reduce the toxicity of ACs,but also had positive effects on DS.
文摘BACKGROUND: The implantation of released chemotherapeutic drugs, which takes biodegradable polymer as vector, into the tumor site can get high concentration and release the drug for a long time, it can directly act on the tumor cells, and reduce the general toxicity. OBJECTIVE: To explore the in vitro and in vivo course of 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) sustained-release from BCNU-loaded polylactide (PLA) microspheres (MS) and location in rat brain tissue. DESIGN: A repetitive measurement. SETTING:Central Pharmacy, General Hospital of Chinese People’s Armed Police Forces. MATERIALS: Thirty male SD rats were used. PLA (Mr5000, batch number: KSL8377) was produced by Wako Pure Chemical Inc.,Ltd. (Japan); BCNU (batch number: 021121) by Tianjin Jinyao Amino Acid Co., Ltd.; BCNU-PLA-MS was prepared by the method of solvent evaporation and pressed into tablets (10 mg/tablet). High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) Agilent 1100 (USA); LS9800 liquid-scintillation radiometric apparatus (Beckman). Chromatographic conditions: Elite Hypersil ODS2 C18 chromatographic column (5 μm, 4.6 mm×150 mm); Mobile phase: methanol: water (50:50), flow rate was 1.0 mL per minute, wave length of ultraviolet detection was 237 nm, and the inlet amount of samples was 10 μL. METHODS: The experiments were carried out in the experimental animal center of the General Hospital of Chinese Armed Police from May 2004 to July 2005. ① In vitro BCNU-PLA-MS release test: BCNU-PLA-MS was prepared by the method of solvent evaporation, then placed in 0.1 mol/L phosphate buffered solution (PBS, pH 7.4, 37 ℃), part of MS were taken out at 1, 2, 3, 7, 10 and 15 days respectively, and the rest amount of BCNU in MS was determined by HPLC, then the curve of BCNU-PLA-MS release was drawn. ②In vivo BCNU-PLA-MS release and distribution test: The rats were anesthetized, then BCNU-PLA-MS were implanted to the site 1 mm inferior to the cortex of frontal lobe. Five rats were killed postoperatively at 4 hours, 1, 2, 3, 7 and 15 days, the residual MS was removed from the brain tissue. The rest amount of BCNU was determined with HLPC, and the curve of BCNU-PLA-MS release was drawn as compared with the amount of BCNU in the implanted tablets. Besides, brain tissues (1 g) at the implanted side and the contralateral one were obtained respectively, blood sample (0.5 mL) was also collected, 3H-BCNU was counted radioactively in radioactive liquid flash solution. The distributions of BCNU-PLA-MS in normal rat brain tissue and serum were detected. The analysis of variance was applied to compare the intergroup differences of the measurement data. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Characteristics of BCNU-PLA-MS release in phosphate buffered solution (PBS) and rat brain tissue; ② Distributions of BCNU-PLA-MS in normal rat brain tissue and serum. RESULTS: ① Release of BCNU-PLA-MS in PBS and rat brain tissue: The BCNU released from BCNU-PLA-MS could be sustained for over 2 weeks both in PBS and brain tissue. In PBS, the released rate of BCNU was over 15% at 24 hours, nearly 50% at 72 hours and over 90% at 15 days. In brain tissue, the released rate was 8% at 4 hours, 16% at 24 hours, 60% at 72 hours, respectively, and BCNU could be sustained released for over 15 days. ② Distributions of BCNU-PLA-MS in normal rat brain tissue and serum: The concentrations of BCNU in the ipsilateral brain tissue were 6 to 70 times higher than those in the contralateral one. The concentrations of BCNU in the ipsilateral brain tissue were obviously higher than those in serum and contralateral brain tissue (F =103.47, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: BCNU-PLA-MS can increase the drug concentration in targeted brain tissue, decrease that in the non-targeted brain tissue, reduce general toxic and side effects, and have good releasing function.
基金National Science&Technology Major Project“Key New Drug Creation and Manufacturing”(Grant No.2019ZX09201001-003-007)。
文摘In the present study,we aimed to prepare sustained-release microspheres for injection of neurokinin-1(NK-1)receptor antagonist APT011,and to evaluate their physicochemical properties,in vitro sustained-release effect and preliminary stability.APT011-loaded sustained-release microspheres were prepared using W/O/W double emulsion-solvent evaporation technique.The L9(34)orthogonal experiment was used to optimize the APT011 sustained-release microsphere formulation.Microscope photographs showed that APT011-loaded microspheres were spherical,and the particle size was^90μm with uniform size distribution.XRD results indicated that APT011 existed in the microspheres in an amorphous form.DSC results showed that there was no significant interaction between APT011 and blank microspheres.APT011-loaded microspheres had a significant sustained-release effect,which maintained release for at least 2 months.Preliminary study results indicated that the loading content and release percentage at 0.5 h were not markedly altered below 40°C and under high lighting condition.APT011-loaded microspheres prepared in our study exhibited excellent physicochemical properties and sustained-release characteristics and preliminary stability,demonstrating real potential for the clinical practice.
文摘Aim To improve the dissolution rate and bioavailability of silybin. Methods Sustained-release silybin microspheres were prepared by the spherical crystallization technique with soliddispersing and release-retarding polymers. A differential scanning calorimeter and an X-ray diffractometer were used to investigate the dispersion state of silybin in the microspheres. The shape, surface morphology, and internal structure of the microspheres were observed using a scanning electron microscope. Characterization of the microspheres, such as average diameter, size distribution and bulk density of the microspheres was investigated. Results The particle size of the microspheres was determined mainly by the agitation speed. The dissolution rate of silybin from microspheres was enhanced by increasing the amount of the dispersing agents, and sustained by the retarding agents. The release rate of microspheres was controlled by adjusting the combination ratio of the dispersing agents to the retarding agents. The resuits of X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry analysis indicated that silybin was highly dispersed in the microspheres in amorphous state. The release profiles and content did not change after a three-month accelerated stability test at 40 ℃ and 75% relative humidity. Conclusion Sustained-release silybin microspheres with a solid dispersion structure were prepared successfully in one step by a spherical crystallization technique combined with solid dispersion technique. The preparation process is simple, reproducible and inexpensive. The method is efficient for designing sustained-release microspheres with water-insoluble drugs.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50373033)the Applied Foundational Research Key Fund of Tianjin (Grant No. 05YFJZJC01001)the International Cooperative Fund of Tianjin (Grant No. 05YFGHHZ20070)
文摘In this study the w/o/w extraction–evaporation technique was adopted to prepare poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres loading recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rhEGF). The micro-spheres were characterized for morphology by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and particle size distribution. The release performances, the proliferation effects and therapeutic effects of rhEGF-loaded PLGA microspheres were all studied. The results showed that these spherical micro-spheres had a narrow size distribution and a high drug encapsulation efficiency (85.6%). RhEGF-loaded microspheres enhanced the growth rate of fibroblasts and wound healing more efficiently than pure rhEGF. The number of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in the epidermis layer with the mi-crosphere treatment was significantly larger than those of the control groups. Overall locally sustained delivery of rhEGF from biodegradable PLGA microspheres may serve as a novel therapeutic strategy for diabetic ulcer repair.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFD0200502, 2017YFD0200301)
文摘High-performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） was employed to determine drug release rates based on emamectin benzoate concentrations in the medium. Release kinetics equations were used to fit the drug release behavior. The effects of particle size and release medium pH on the release rate were also investigated. The indoor toxicity of emamectin benzoate-loaded polylactic acid microspheres on the diamondback moth larva （Plutella xylostella） was studied to explore drug sustained-release performance. In acidic and neutral media, the drug release behavior of the microspheres was in accord with the first-order kinetics equation. Increasing the spray dosage of emamectin benzoate-loaded polylactic acid microspheres initially resulted in an equivalent insecticidal efficacy with the conventional emamectin benzoate microemulsion. However, the drug persistence period was four-fold longer than that observed using the conventional formulation. The developed emamectin benzoate-loaded polylactic acid microspheres showed dramatic sustained-release performance. A treatment threshold of greater than 35 mg mL-1 was established for an efficient accumulated release concentration of emamectin benzoate-loaded microspheres.
基金supported by the Technology Fund of Zhangzhou City in China,No.Z2010086
文摘Corticosteroids are widely used for the treatment of acute central nervous system injury. However, their bioactivity is limited by their short half-life. Sustained release of glucocorticoids can prolong their efficacy and inhibit scar formation at the site of nerve injury. In the present study, we wrapped the anastomotic ends of the rat sciatic nerve with a methylprednisolone sustained-release membrane. Compared with methylprednisone alone or methylprednisone microspheres, the methylprednisolone microsphere sustained-release membrane reduced tissue adhesion and inhibited scar tissue formation at the site of anastomosis. It also increased sciatic nerve function index and the thickness of the myelin sheath. Our findings show that the methylprednisolone microsphere sustained-release membrane effectively inhibits scar formation at the site of anastomosis of the peripheral nerve, thereby promoting nerve regeneration.
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30370344)
文摘The captopril/ Chitosan-gelatin net-polymer microspheres （ Gap/ CGNPMs ） were prepared using Chitosan （ CS ） and gelatin （ Gel ） by the methods of emulsification. A cross linked reagent alone or in combination with microcrystalline cellulose （ MCC ） was added in the process of preparation of microspheres to eliminate dose dumping and burst phenomenon of microspheres for the improvemeat of the therapeutic efficiency and the decrease of the side effects of captopril （ Cap ）. The results indicate that Cap/ CGNPMs have a spherical shape , smooth surface roorphology and integral inside structure and no adhesive phenomena and good roobility , and the size distribution is mairdy from 220 to 280 μm. Researches on the Cap release test in vitro demonstrate that Cap/ CGNPMs are of the role of retarding release of Cap compared with Cap ordinary tablets （COT）, embedding ratio （ER） , drug loading （ DL ）, and swelling ratio （ SR ）, and release behaviors of CGNPMS are influenced by process conditions of preparation such as experimental material ratio （EMR） , composition of cross linking reagents. Among these factors , the EMR（1/4）, CLR （ FOR ＋ TPP） and 0.75% microcrystulline cellulose （MCC） added to the microspheres are the optimal scheme to the preparation of Cap/CGNPMs. The Cap/CGNPMs have a good characteristic of sustained release of drug, and the process of emulsifieation and crossinking process is simple and stable. The CGNPMs is probable to be one of an ideal sustained release system for water-soluble drugs.
文摘The captopril/Chitosan-gelatin net-polymer microspheres(CTP/CGNPMs) were prepared using Chitosan(CTS) and gelatin(GT) by the methods of emulsification,cross-linked reagent alone or in combination and microcrystalline cellulose(MCC) added in the process of preparation of microspheres,which aimed to eliminate dose dumping and burst phenomenon of microspheres for the improvement of the therapeutic efficiency and the decrease of the side effects of captopril(CTP). The results indicated that CTP/CGNPMs had a spherical shape,smooth surface and integral structure inside but no adhesive phenomena in the preparation. The size distribution ranged from 220 μm to 280 μm. The CTP release test in vitro demonstrated that CTP/CGNPMs played the role of retarding the release of CTP compared with ordinary CTP tablets. The release behaviors of CGNPMS were influenced by preparation conditions such as experimental material ratio(EMR) and composition of cross linking reagents. Among these factors,the EMR(1/4),CLR(FA+SPP) and 0.75% microcrystalline cellulose(MCC) added to the microspheres constituted the optimal scheme for the preparation of CTP/CGNPMs. The ER,DL and SR of CTP/CGNPMs prepared according to the optimal scheme were 46.23±4.51%,9.95±0.77% and 261±42%,respectively. The CTP/CGNPMs had the good characteristics of sustained release of drug and the process of emulsification and cross-linking were simple and stable. The CGNPMs are likely to be an ideal sustained release formulation for water-soluble drugs.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31971106,BWS21L013,and 21WS09002).
文摘Bone defects have serious economic and clinical impacts;however,despite improvements in bone defect management,the range of clinical outcomes remains limited.A variety of biomaterials have been used to treat complex bone defects.However,final bone repair outcomes may be adversely affected by poor osteogenic capacity and risk of infection.Consequently,therapeutic methods are required that reduce bacterial contamination and increase the use of osteogenic biomaterials.Herein,we report the preparation of poly(lactic acid-coglycolic acid)(PLGA)microspheres coloaded with magnesium(Mg^(2+))and gallium(Ga^(3+))ions(Mg-Ga@PLGA),which can fill irregular bone defects and show good biosafety.During in vitro testing,Mg-Ga@PLGA not only showed a synergistic effect on promoting osteogenic differentiation but also inhibited osteoclastic differentiation.Moreover,we found that Mg-Ga@PLGA demonstrated an antibacterial effect.During in vivo testing,Mg Ga@PLGA exhibited strong in situ osteogenic ability.In conclusion,Mg-Ga@PLGA has good potential for treating bone defects at risk of infection.
基金supported by the National Major Scientific and Technological Special Project for“Significant New Drugs Development”(No.2018ZX09201018–028)the nuclear energy development projects of China during the 13thFive Year Plan periodthe key research and development project of the Sichuan Provincial Department of Science and Technology(No.18ZDYF1466)。
文摘Radioactive microspheres have demonstrated excellent therapeutic effects and good tolerance in the treatment of unresectable primary and secondary liver malignancies.This is attributed to precise embolization and potent anti-tumor effect.However,certain limitations such as unstable loading,perfusion stasis,heterogeneous distribution,ectopic distribution,and insufficient dosage,restrict their clinical application.Herein,a novel personalized Y-90 carbon microsphere with high uniformity,high specific activity and high availability(^(90)Y-HUACM)is presented.It is synthesized through planar molecular complex adsorption and chemical deposition solidification.^(90)Y-HUACM exhibited controllable size,excellent biocompatibility,outstanding in vitro and in vivo stability.The radiolabeling efficiency of Y-90 exceeded 99%and the leaching rate of Y-90 is far below 0.1%.Furthermore,the excellent anti-tumor effect,nuclide loading stability,anti-reflux characteristics,precise embolization,and biosafety of^(90)Y-HUACM were validated in a rabbit VX2liver tumor model.In summary,this new,high-performance,and customizable radioactive microsphere provides a superior choice for selective internal radiation treatment of advanced liver cancer is expected to be rapidly applied in clinical practice.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32271319 and 32071267)the Science and Technology Department of Jilin Province(YDZJ202301ZYTS537 and 20240402035GH)+1 种基金the Development and Reform Commission of Jilin Province(2023C015)the“Medicine+X”cross-innovation team of Bethune Medical Department of Jilin University“Leading the Charge with Open Competition”construction project(2022JBGS04).
文摘Herein,porous poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA)microspheres were prepared to load icariin andmiR-23b for the treatment of metastatic lung cancer.The microspheres exhibited desirable aerodynamic diameter,high drug loading and encapsulation efficiency,as well as a favorable drug release profile,which was beneficial for the deposition and exposure of drugs in the lung tissues.The release solution from microspheres exhibited a favorable anti-proliferative effect by inducting cell apoptosis and arresting the cell cycle at G1 phase,and meanwhile inhibited the migration and invasion of cancer cells.More importantly,the microspheres could be effectively inhaled and accumulated in the lung tissues to trigger the in situ apoptosis of tumor cells and suppress metastasis,using mice bearing melanoma-metastatic lung cancer as a model.Furthermore,inhalation of themicrospheres showed favorable biocompatibility,barely causing tissue damage.Overall,porous PLGA microspheres provide a promising platform for the inhalable co-delivery of drugs and genes to obtain ideal therapeutic efficacy in lung cancer and other pulmonary diseases.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Department of Qinghai Province,China(No.2022-ZJ-932Q).
文摘The increase in the utilization of infrared heat detection technology in military applications necessitates research on composites with improved thermal transmission performance and microwave absorption capabilities.This study satisfactorily fabricated a series of MoS_(2)/BN-xyz composites(which were characterized by the weight ratio of MoS_(2)to BN,denoted by xy:z)through chemical vapor depos-ition,which resulted in their improved thermal stability and thermal transmission performance.The results show that the remaining mass of MoS_(2)/BN-101 was as high as 69.25wt%at 800℃under air atmosphere,and a temperature difference of 31.7℃was maintained between the surface temperature and the heating source at a heating temperature of 200℃.Furthermore,MoS_(2)/BN-301 exhibited an im-pressive minimum reflection loss value of-32.21 dB at 4.0 mm and a wide effective attenuation bandwidth ranging from 9.32 to 18.00 GHz(8.68 GHz).Therefore,these simplified synthesized MoS_(2)/BN-xyz composites demonstrate great potential as highly efficient con-tenders for the enhancement of microwave absorption performance and thermal conductance.
文摘Sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)have emerged as a promising contender for next-gener-ation energy storage systems.Hard carbon is re-garded as the most promising anode for commer-cial SIB,however,the large number of defects on its surface cause irreversible electrolyte consump-tion and an uneven solid electrolyte interphase film.An advanced molecular engineering strategy to coat hard carbon with polycyclic aromatic mo-lecules is reported.Specifically,polystyrene-based carbon microspheres(CSs)were first synthesized and then coated with polycyclic aromatic mo-lecules derived from coal tar pitch by spray-drying and followed by oxidation.Compared to the traditional CVD coating meth-od,this molecular framework strategy has been shown to reduce the number of defects on the surface of CSs without sacrifi-cing internal storage sites and suppressing transport kinetics in hosting the sodium ions.Besides the lower surface defect con-centration,the synthesized hybrid carbon microspheres(HCSs)have a larger grain size and more abundant closed pores,and have a higher reversible sodium storage capacity.A HCS-P-60%electrode has a capacity of 332.3 mAh g^(-1)with an initial Cou-lombic efficiency of 88.5%.It also has a superior rate performance of 246.6 mAh g^(-1)at 2 C and a 95.2%capacity retention after 100 cycles at 0.2 C.This work offers new insights into designing high-performance hard carbon microsphere anodes,advan-cing the commercialization of sodium-ion batteries.
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2022MB033)Science and Technology Bureau of Jinan City(No.2021GXRC105)University of Jinan Disciplinary Cross-Convergence Construction Project 2023(No.XKJC-202302)。
文摘The construction of monodisperse microporous organic microspheres is deemed a challenging issue,primarily due to the difficulty in achieving both high microporosity and uniformity within the microspheres.In this study,a series of fluorinated monodisperse microporous microspheres are fabricated by solvothermal precipitation polymerization.The resulting fluorous methacrylate-based microspheres achieved higher than 400 m^(2)/g surface area,along with a yield of over 90%for the microspheres.Through comprehensive characterization and simulation methods,we discovered that the introduction of fluorous methacrylate monomers at high loading levels is the key factor contributing to the formation of the microporosity within the microspheres.The controlled temperature profile was found to be advantageous for achieving a high yield of microspheres and increased uniformity.Two-dimensional assemblies of these fluorinated microsphere arrays exhibited superhydrophobicity,superolephilicity,and water sliding angles below 10°.Furthermore,a three-dimensional assembly of the fluorinated microporous microsphere in a chromatographic column demonstrated significant improvement in the separation of Engelhardt agent compared to commercial columns.Our work offers a novel approach to constructing fluorinated monodisperse microporous microspheres for advanced applications.
基金2023 Nantong Jianghai Talents Project2023 Nantong Social Livelihood Science and Technology Plan+4 种基金2021 Jurong Social Development Science&Technology Program(Grant No.ZA42109)2022 New Drugs and Platform Enhancement Project of the Yangtze Delta Drug Advanced Research InstituteChina Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2020M681532)Jiangsu Planned Projects for Postdoctoral Research Funds(Grant No.2020Z209)Natural Science Research Projects of Universities in Jiangsu Province(Grant No.20KJD350001)。
文摘Oseltamivir phosphate(OP),renowned as one of the most effective drugs for influenza treatment,encounters several challenges,including poor stability,difficulty in swallowing,and a bitter taste,thereby limiting its compliance,particularly among children.Consequently,this study aimed to devise a novel sustained-release suspension of OP employing an ion exchange resin as a carrier to address these challenges.The OP-drug resin complex(OP-DRC)was synthesized utilizing ion exchange technology,while OP-coated microcapsules(OP-CM)were fabricated via the emulsion-evaporation method.The optimization of the formulation process for the OP sustained-release suspension was achieved through a combination of single-factor experimentation and orthogonal experimental design.Furthermore,the drug release kinetics and pharmacokinetic properties of the sustained-release suspension were thoroughly evaluated both in vitro and in vivo.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),and attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(ATR-FTIR)analyses confirmed the formation of drug-resin complexes via ionic bonding.The in vitro cumulative release rates were found to be 16%(1 h),53%(6 h),and 84%(24 h),respectively.Notably,the self-made sustained-release suspension exhibited an extended half-life(21.518 h),delayed time to peak concentration(T_(max))(6 h),and reduced maximum plasma concentration(C_(max))(0.397μg/mL)in comparison to commercial granules(half-life=8.466 h;T_(max)=2 h;C_(max)=0.631μg/mL).Additionally,the area under the curve(AUC)indicated that the bioavailability of the self-made OP suspension surpassed that of the commercial OP granules by 101%.These findings underscored the successful development of an oral OP sustained-release suspension characterized by stability,tastelessness,ease of swallowing,convenient administration,and sustained-release properties,thereby potentially enhancing drug compliance among children.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52275540).
文摘Microsphere assisted microscopy(MAM)has been rapidly developed to meet the measurement needs of microstructures.MAM can be integrated with optical interference microscopy(OIM)to achieve high lateral resolution surface profile measurement.However,the microspheres introduce intricate phase changes,resulting in optical path asymmetry which is very challenging to compensate for.This limitation constrains the application of MAM in OIM.In this paper,simulation analysis reveals that the phase transmission of the microsphere is influenced by parameters such as microsphere diameter and its relative position to the sample.It is concluded that a unique compensation process must be adopted for each individual microsphere.Addressing this issue,we proposed a phase compensation algorithm based on the three-dimensional position control of the microsphere and integrated it into our combined system of MAM and white light interferometry(WLI),reducing the phase errors introduced by the microspheres while enhancing the lateral resolution of optical system.This approach improved the profile measurement accuracy,offering a perspective for optically measuring the surface profile of intricate microstructures.
基金Funded by the Major Special Projects of Technological Innovation of Hubei Province(No.2017ACA168)the Open Fund Project of Sanya Science and Education Innovation Park of Wuhan University of Technology(No.2021KF0012)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2021B1515120091)。
文摘To improve the controlled release ability,we prepared attapulgite into microspheres by spray drying.This research began with a thorough thermogravimetric analysis to optimize attapulgite's heat treatment for drug loading.By advanced spray drying,attapulgite was transformed into microspheres,refining its drug release characteristics.Various parameters were examined,achieving optimal particle size and morphology at 25%solid content,2.5%dispersant,and 3% binder.Attapulgite microspheres demonstrated exceptional encapsulation efficiency,exceeding 95% for doxorubicin hydrochloride,highlighting their versatility in drug delivery.FTIR and XRD were used to predict changes in material properties after spray drying.Notably,cytotoxicity tests confirmed the high biocompatibility of attapulgite microspheres,devoid of cell death induction.Attapulgite microsphere loaded with doxorubicin enable sustained drug release and maintain killing ability against tumor cells.This study confirms the viability of spray dried attapulgite microspheres for efficient drug loading and delivery and provides insights for innovative drug delivery systems that utilize the unique properties of attapulgite to advance therapeutics.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.82230071)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82202674,82202334)Wenzhou Science and Technology Project(Nos.Y20220178,Y20220016).
文摘Crucial for mediating inflammation and the perception of pain,the ion channel known as transient receptor potential ankyrin 1(TRPA1)holds significant importance.It contributes to the increased production of cytokines in the inflammatory cells of cartilage affected by osteoarthritis and represents a promising target for the treatment of this condition.By leveraging the unique advantages of liposomes,a composite microsphere drug delivery system with stable structural properties and high adaptability can be developed,providing a new strategy for osteoarthritis(OA)drug therapy.The liposomes as drug reservoirs for TRPA1 inhibitors were loaded into hyaluronic acid methacrylate(HAMA)hydrogels to make hydrogel microspheres via microfluidic technology.An in vitro inflammatory chondrocyte model was established with interleukin-1β(IL-1β)to demonstrate HAMA@Lipo@HC’s capabilities.A destabilization of the medial meniscus(DMM)mouse model was also created to evaluate the efficacy of intra-articular injections for treating OA.HAMA@Lipo@HC has a uniform particle-size distribution and is injectable.The drug encapsulation rate was 64.29%±2.58%,with a sustained release period of 28 days.Inhibition of TRPA1 via HC-030031 effectively alleviated IL-1β-induced chondrocyte inflammation and matrix degradation.In DMM model OA mice,microspheres showed good long-term sustained drug release properties,improved joint inflammation microenvironment,reduced articular cartilage damage and decreased mechanical nociceptive threshold.This research pioneers the creation of a drug delivery system tailored for delivery into the joint cavity,focusing on TRPA1 as a therapeutic target for osteoarthritis.Additionally,it offers a cutting-edge drug delivery platform aimed at addressing diseases linked to inflammation.
