Objectives: To determine the susceptibilities of M.hominis and U. urealyticum to fluoroquinolones forthe instruction of reasonable clinical application ofantibiotics.Method: The susceptibilities of M. hominis and U.ur...Objectives: To determine the susceptibilities of M.hominis and U. urealyticum to fluoroquinolones forthe instruction of reasonable clinical application ofantibiotics.Method: The susceptibilities of M. hominis and U.urealyticum to six fluoroquinolones were determinedby the broth dilution method.Results: Sparfloxacin and gatifloxacin were veryactive with MIC50S of 0.03125 and 0.25 μg/ml againstM. hominis, 0.25 and 0.5 μg/ml against U. urealyticum,respectively. Levofloxacin and ofloxacin had MIC50S of1 μg/ml and 2 μg/ml, respectively against both species.Norfloxacin was less effective against both species at16 and 32 μg/ml. Ciprofloxacin was unusual in thatthe MIC50S varied fourfold between species, with 2 μg/ml against M. hominis and 8 μg/ml against U.urealyticum.Conclusions: The results can provide useful infor-mation for selecting fluoroquinolones for treatmentof urogenital mycoplasma infections.展开更多
Based on the parameterized fully dressed quark propagator proposed by us, the tensor susceptibilities of QCD vacuum and quark vacuum condensates are investigated. Our predicted values of the tensor susceptibilities ar...Based on the parameterized fully dressed quark propagator proposed by us, the tensor susceptibilities of QCD vacuum and quark vacuum condensates are investigated. Our predicted values of the tensor susceptibilities are in agreement with those predicted by many other theoretical models with QCD feature. The results also show that the tensor susceptibility of QCD vacuum strongly depends on flavor of quark but not sensitive to variation of quark vacuum condensates. However, the quark vacuum condensate is very sensitive to the change of cut-off-parameter μ^2 of the integration, that is, it depends on the separation point of perturbative and non-perturbative QCD region. The successful predictions clearly indicate the extensive validity of our parameterized fully dressed quark propagator used here.展开更多
It is commonly accepted that the system undergoes a crossover at high temperature and low chemical potential beyond the chiral limit case, and the properties of the crossover region are important for researchers to un...It is commonly accepted that the system undergoes a crossover at high temperature and low chemical potential beyond the chiral limit case, and the properties of the crossover region are important for researchers to understand the nature of strong interacting matters of quantum chromodynamics （QCD）. Since at present there is no exact order of parameters of the phase transitions beyond the chiral limit, QCD susceptibilities are widely used as indicators. In this work various susceptibilities are discussed in the framework of Dyson-Schwinger equations. The results show that different kinds of susceptibilities give the same critical end point, which is the bifurcation point of the crossover region and the first order phase transition line of QCD. Nevertheless, different pseudo- critical points are found in the temperature axis. We think that defining a critical band is more suitable in the crossover region.展开更多
Active metamaterials embedded with nonlinear elements are able to exhibit strong nonlinearity in microwave regime.However, existing S-parameter based parameter retrieval approaches developed for linear metamaterials d...Active metamaterials embedded with nonlinear elements are able to exhibit strong nonlinearity in microwave regime.However, existing S-parameter based parameter retrieval approaches developed for linear metamaterials do not apply in nonlinear cases. In this paper, a retrieval algorithm of high-order susceptibilities for nonlinear metamaterials is derived.Experimental demonstration shows that, by measuring the power level of each harmonic while sweeping the incident power,high-order susceptibilities of a thin-layer nonlinear metamaterial can be effectively retrieved. The proposed approach can be widely used in the research of active metamaterials.展开更多
A new multidisciplinary study is being carried out in several localities from Outer Carpathians of Central Europe. Outer Carpathians allow studying the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) interval of the oceanic facies, inclu...A new multidisciplinary study is being carried out in several localities from Outer Carpathians of Central Europe. Outer Carpathians allow studying the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) interval of the oceanic facies, including lower bathyal-abyssal sub-CCD turbidites. Preliminary results of field-measured magnetic susceptibilities from Uzgruň K-Pg section in the Czech Republic are presented.展开更多
Objective Mycobacterium avium （M. avium） and Mycobacterium intracellulare （M. intracellulare） are the major causative agents of nontuberculous mycobacteria （NTM）-related pulmonary infections. However, little is ...Objective Mycobacterium avium （M. avium） and Mycobacterium intracellulare （M. intracellulare） are the major causative agents of nontuberculous mycobacteria （NTM）-related pulmonary infections. However, little is known about the differences in drug susceptibility profiles between these two species. Methods A total of 393 NTM isolates were collected from Shanghai Pulmonary Disease Hospital. Sequencing of partial genes was performed to identify the strains at species level. The minimum inhibitory concentration （MIC） was used to evaluate the drug susceptibility against 20 antimicrobial agents. Variable number of tandem repeat （VNTR） typing was conducted to genotype these two species. Results A total of 173 （44.0%） M. avium complex （MAC） isolates were identified, including 41 （10.4%） M. avium isolates and 132 （33.6%） M. intracellulare isolates. Clarithromycin and amikacin were the two most effective agents against MAC isolates. The Hunter-Gaston Discriminatory Index （HGDI） values for VNTR typing of M. avium and M. intracellulare isolates were 0.993 and 0.995, respectively. Levofloxacin resistance was more common among the unclustered strains than among the clustered strains of M. intracellulare. Conclusion M. intrecellulare was the most common NTM species in China. Clarithromycin and amikacin had high antimicrobial activities against MAC. VNTR typing of MAC isolates revealed a high discriminatory power. Levofloxacin resistance was associated with unclustered strains of M. intracellulare.展开更多
The susceptibilities of Oxya chinensis to malathion were studied in three populations collected from outskirt of Tianjin, China, using bioassays and biochemical analysis. Populations were chosen to represent different...The susceptibilities of Oxya chinensis to malathion were studied in three populations collected from outskirt of Tianjin, China, using bioassays and biochemical analysis. Populations were chosen to represent different exposure to insecticides： BDG （Beidagang; low exposure）, BD （Baodi; high exposure previously but low exposure now）, and JN （Jinnan; high exposure）. The results showed that the LD50 values of BD and JN populations were 3.95- and 12.02-fold and 3.64- and 10.07- fold higher than that of BDG population in females and males, respectively. The LD50 values in females were higher than those in males. The results of biochemical analysis indicated that the esterase （EST） activities in JN population were higher than those in BD and BDG populations. They showed that when α-NA, α-NB, and α-NA were used as substrates, females＇ EST activities of JN population were 1.11-, 1.30-, and 1.14-fold and 1.39-, 1.59-, and 1.54-fold higher than those of BD and BDG populations, respectively. When α-NA, α-NB, and β-NA were used as substrates, males＇ EST activities of JN population were 1.13-, 1.12-, and 1,00-fold and 1.20-, 1.14-, and 1.07-fold higher than those of BD and BDG populations, respectively. The results also showed that the specific activities of the females were higher than those of the males in the BD and JN populations, whereas the specific activities of the males were higher than those of the females in the BDG population. The results of bioassay were consistent with those of biochemical analysis. Thus, it was inferred that the elevated ESTs activities might play an important role in conferring the differences of susceptibility of O. chinensis to malathion in the three collected populations. Enzyme kinetic studies indicated that the Km and Vmax values were different among the three collected populations and between the females and the males. The observed changes in the kinetic parameters might be explained by differential expression patterns of isozymes so that the insect esterases have different affinities and maximum velocities toward the same substrate.展开更多
Objective To determine the susceptibilities of M. tuberculosis H37Ra and M. chelonei subsp. absecessus to several frequently-used disinfectants and to evaluate the practicability of surrogating M. tuberculosis by the ...Objective To determine the susceptibilities of M. tuberculosis H37Ra and M. chelonei subsp. absecessus to several frequently-used disinfectants and to evaluate the practicability of surrogating M. tuberculosis by the latter. Methods A suspension quantitative bactericidal test was set up in accordance with Chinese Technique Standard for Disinfection to evaluate the susceptibility of each mycobacteria strain to each selected disinfectant. Killing log value was used as criterion in comparing the susceptibility to disinfectants between the two strains. Results M. chelonei subsp. abscessus was more resistant to chlorine disinfectant than M. tuberculosis while the two strains were similarly resistant to iodophor disinfectant, peracetic acid, alcohol and glutaraldehyde disinfectant. Conclusion M. chelonei subsp. abscessus has the potential to surrogate M. tuberculosis in evaluating mycobactericidal efficacies of disinfectants.展开更多
Disturbances such as forest fires,intense winds,and insect damage exert strong impacts on forest ecosystems by shaping their structure and growth dynamics,with contributions from climate change.Consequently,there is a...Disturbances such as forest fires,intense winds,and insect damage exert strong impacts on forest ecosystems by shaping their structure and growth dynamics,with contributions from climate change.Consequently,there is a need for reliable and operational methods to monitor and map these disturbances for the development of suitable management strategies.While susceptibility assessment using machine learning methods has increased,most studies have focused on a single disturbance.Moreover,there has been limited exploration of the use of“Automated Machine Learning(AutoML)”in the literature.In this study,susceptibility assessment for multiple forest disturbances(fires,insect damage,and wind damage)was conducted using the PyCaret AutoML framework in the Izmir Regional Forest Directorate(RFD)in Turkey.The AutoML framework compared 14 machine learning algorithms and ranked the best models based on AUC(area under the curve)values.The extra tree classifier(ET)algorithm was selected for modeling the susceptibility of each disturbance due to its good performance(AUC values>0.98).The study evaluated susceptibilities for both individual and multiple disturbances,creating a total of four susceptibility maps using fifteen driving factors in the assessment.According to the results,82.5%of forested areas in the Izmir RFD are susceptible to multiple disturbances at high and very high levels.Additionally,a potential forest disturbances map was created,revealing that 15.6%of forested areas in the Izmir RFD may experience no damage from the disturbances considered,while 54.2%could face damage from all three disturbances.The SHAP(Shapley Additive exPlanations)methodology was applied to evaluate the importance of features on prediction and the nonlinear relationship between explanatory features and susceptibility to disturbance.展开更多
Based on a modified version of the global color symmetry model,the pion susceptibilities of vacuum needed in the QCD sum rule external-field method for the coupling of pseudoscalar current to hadron have bean calculat...Based on a modified version of the global color symmetry model,the pion susceptibilities of vacuum needed in the QCD sum rule external-field method for the coupling of pseudoscalar current to hadron have bean calculated beyond the vacuum saturation approximation.Comparison with the previous estimations has been given.展开更多
The pion and tensor vacuum susceptibilities are calculated in the framework of the renormalizable DysonSchwinger equations. A comparison with the results of other nonperturbative QCD approaches is given.
alculations of the nonlinear second-order optical susceptlbilities(β_(ijk))for sub- stituted tl1iophene derivative;with quinoidlike conformation are reported.These systetems possess small dipole moment;and large diff...alculations of the nonlinear second-order optical susceptlbilities(β_(ijk))for sub- stituted tl1iophene derivative;with quinoidlike conformation are reported.These systetems possess small dipole moment;and large differences between dipole mo- ments of ground and first-excited states.Geometry optimizations of the molecules investigated were carried out using AM 1 method.The calculations were performed using INDO/CI method comboned with a sum-over-states expression for β_(jik). The calculated results sbw that the second-order susceptibility is a function of the na- ture and location of substituents and is larger for disubstituted molecules than monosubstituted molecules. Bipolymeric thiophenemetmne with NH_2/NO_2 groups was calctilated to have a β_μof 79. 920 × 10￣(-30) esu. It was found that the NH_2 and NO_2 groups in above disubstituted molecules are pull-pull groups in ground states,but are usual push-pull groups in the first excited states.展开更多
The aim of this study was to determine presence of Salmonella spp. in chicken meat samples collected from Ankara, Turkey and determine the susceptibility of the Salmonella isolates to some antimicrobial agents. For th...The aim of this study was to determine presence of Salmonella spp. in chicken meat samples collected from Ankara, Turkey and determine the susceptibility of the Salmonella isolates to some antimicrobial agents. For this purpose, 127 chicken samples were collected from local markets. Investigation of Salmonella was done according to horizontal method, the guidelines of the method recommended by International Standards Organization （ISO）. Antimicrobial susceptibilities of Salmonella spp. was performed with microdilution method according to the guidelines of CLSI M100-SI8. Ampicillin, gentamicin sulphate, ofloxacin, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, tetracycline, ceftriaxon, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole were used in the study. Salmonella spp. was isolated from 5 （3.94%） of the 127 chicken meat samples. Although our findings are not within Turkish Food Codex （TFC） values, lower number of samples that involve Salmonella spp. indicates an improvement in the hygienic conditions in Turkey. Among 5 isolates, one isolate was sensitive to all antimicrobial agents tested. 2 isolates exhibited multidrug resistance. Successfully, all the isolates were sensitive to quinolones as a good result in spite of the reported reduced susceptibility from different regions of the world. However, this study should be improved with more chicken samples and Salmonella spp. isolate numbers to support these results.展开更多
Assuming the equilibrium of the Quantum Chromodynamics(QCD)system,we investigate the critical behavior of the sixth-,eighth-,and tenth-order susceptibilities of the net-baryon number through mapping the results in the...Assuming the equilibrium of the Quantum Chromodynamics(QCD)system,we investigate the critical behavior of the sixth-,eighth-,and tenth-order susceptibilities of the net-baryon number through mapping the results in the three-dimensional Ising model to that of QCD.Both the leading and sub-leading critical contributions from the Ising model are discussed.When considering only the leading critical contribution,the density plots of susceptibilities of the same order demonstrate a consistent general pattern independent of the values of the mapping parameters.As the critical point is approached from the crossover side,a negative dip followed by a positive peak is observed in the dependence of the three different orders of susceptibilities.When sub-leading critical contribution is considered,modifications become apparent in the density plots of the susceptibilities.The emergence of negative dips in the dependence of the susceptibilities is not an absolute phenomenon,whereas the positive peak structure is a more robust feature of the critical point.展开更多
We study the sign distribution of generalized magnetic susceptibilities in the temperature-external magnetic field plane using the three-dimensional three-state Potts model. We find that the sign of odd-order suscepti...We study the sign distribution of generalized magnetic susceptibilities in the temperature-external magnetic field plane using the three-dimensional three-state Potts model. We find that the sign of odd-order susceptibility is opposite in the symmetric（disorder） and broken（order） phases, but that of the even-order one remains positive when it is far away from the phase boundary. When the critical point is approached from the crossover side, negative fourth-order magnetic susceptibility is observable. It is also demonstrated that non-monotonic behavior occurs in the temperature dependence of the generalized susceptibilities of the energy. The finite-size scaling behavior of the specific heat in this model is mainly controlled by the critical exponent of the magnetic susceptibility in the three-dimensional Ising universality class.展开更多
We investigate the baryon number susceptibilities up to fourth order along different freeze-out lines in a holographic QCD model with a critical end point（CEP）, and we propose that the peaked baryon number susceptib...We investigate the baryon number susceptibilities up to fourth order along different freeze-out lines in a holographic QCD model with a critical end point（CEP）, and we propose that the peaked baryon number susceptibilities along the freeze-out line can be used as a clean signature to locate the CEP in the QCD phase diagram.On the temperature and baryon chemical potential plane, the cumulant ratio of the baryon number susceptibilities（up to fourth order） forms a ridge along the phase boundary, and develops a sword-shaped ＂mountain＂ standing upright around the CEP in a narrow and oblate region. The measurement of baryon number susceptibilities from heavy-ion collision experiments is along the freeze-out line. If the freeze-out line crosses the foot of the CEP mountain, then one can observe the peaked baryon number susceptibilities along the freeze-out line, and the kurtosis of the baryon number distributions has the highest magnitude. The data from the first phase of the beam energy scan program at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider indicates that there should be a peak of the kurtosis of the baryon number distribution at a collision energy of around 5 Ge V, which suggests that the freeze-out line crosses the foot of the CEP mountain and the summit of the CEP should be located nearby, around a collision energy of 3–7 GeV.展开更多
Mesenchymal stromal cell transplantation is an effective and promising approach for treating various systemic and diffuse diseases.However,the biological characteristics of transplanted mesenchymal stromal cells in hu...Mesenchymal stromal cell transplantation is an effective and promising approach for treating various systemic and diffuse diseases.However,the biological characteristics of transplanted mesenchymal stromal cells in humans remain unclear,including cell viability,distribution,migration,and fate.Conventional cell tracing methods cannot be used in the clinic.The use of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles as contrast agents allows for the observation of transplanted cells using magnetic resonance imaging.In 2016,the National Medical Products Administration of China approved a new superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle,Ruicun,for use as a contrast agent in clinical trials.In the present study,an acute hemi-transection spinal cord injury model was established in beagle dogs.The injury was then treated by transplantation of Ruicun-labeled mesenchymal stromal cells.The results indicated that Ruicunlabeled mesenchymal stromal cells repaired damaged spinal cord fibers and partially restored neurological function in animals with acute spinal cord injury.T2*-weighted imaging revealed low signal areas on both sides of the injured spinal cord.The results of quantitative susceptibility mapping with ultrashort echo time sequences indicated that Ruicun-labeled mesenchymal stromal cells persisted stably within the injured spinal cord for over 4 weeks.These findings suggest that magnetic resonance imaging has the potential to effectively track the migration of Ruicun-labeled mesenchymal stromal cells and assess their ability to repair spinal cord injury.展开更多
The brown planthopper is a notorious rice pest in many areas of Asia.The evolution of insecticide resistance in Nilaparvata lugens has become a serious problem in the effective control of this pest in the paddy field....The brown planthopper is a notorious rice pest in many areas of Asia.The evolution of insecticide resistance in Nilaparvata lugens has become a serious problem in the effective control of this pest in the paddy field.In this article,the current susceptibility of N.lugens field populations to novel mesoionic insecticide triflumezopyrim and major classes of chemical insecticides was determined and compared.The monitoring results indicated that field populations of N.lugens had developed low resistance to triflumezopyrim(resistance ratio,RR:1.3-7.3-fold)during 2015-2018 in China,and the median lethal concentration values varied from 0.05 to 0.29 mg/L.Additionally,during 2017 to 2018,field populations of N.lugens showed high resistance levels to thiamethoxam(RR:456.1-1025.6-fold),imidacloprid(RR:2195.3-6899.0-fold)and buprofezin(RR:1241.57521.7-fold),moderate to high resistance levels to dinotefuran(RR:97.6-320.1-fold),clothianidin(RR:69.4-230.1-fold)and isoprocarb(RR:44.1-108.0-fold),and low to moderate levels of resistance to chlorpyrifos(RR:12.0-29.7-fold)and nitenpyram(RR:6.9-24.1-fold).In contrast,N.lugens just showed low resistance to sulfoxaflor(RR:3.3-8.5-fold)and etofenprox(RR:5.0-9.1-fold)in the field.Additionally,the P450 gene CYP6ER1 was found to be significantly overexpressed in all five field populations of N.lugens collected in 2018 when compared with a laboratory susceptible strain.Our findings will provide useful information to delay the evolution of insecticide resistance in N.lugens.展开更多
For predicting the molar diamagnetic susceptibilities of inorganic compounds, a novel connectivity index ^mG based on adjacency matrix of molecular graphs and ionic parameter gi was proposed. The gi is defined as gi=...For predicting the molar diamagnetic susceptibilities of inorganic compounds, a novel connectivity index ^mG based on adjacency matrix of molecular graphs and ionic parameter gi was proposed. The gi is defined as gi=（ni^0.5-0.91）^4·xi^0.5｜Zi^0.5, where Zi, ni, xi are the valence, the outer electronic shell primary quantum number, and the electronegativity of atom i respectively. The good QSPR models for the molar diamagnetic susceptibilities can be constructed from ^0G and ^1G by using multivariate linear regression （MLR） method and artificial neural network （NN） method. The correlation coefficient r, standard error, and average absolute deviation of the MLR model and NN model are 0.9868, 5.47 cgs, 4.33 cgs, 0.9885, 5.09 cgs and 4.06 cgs, respectively, for the 144 inorganic compounds. The cross-validation by using the leave-one-out method demonstrates that the MLR model is highly reliable from the point of view of statistics. The average absolute deviations of predicted values of the molar diamagnetic susceptibility of other 62 inorganic compounds （test set） are 4.72 cgs and 4.06 cgs for the MLR model and NN model. The results show that the current method is more effective than literature methods for estimating the molar diamagnetic susceptibility of an inorganic compound. Both MLR and NN methods can provide acceptable models for the prediction of the molar diamagnetic susceptibilities. The NN model for the molar diamagnetic susceptibilities appears more reliable than the MLR model.展开更多
Theoretically the nonlinear optical effect is produced by the interaction of laser field and atoms or molecules of nonlinear media. By using pertubation theory associated with density matrix theory, the molecular nonl...Theoretically the nonlinear optical effect is produced by the interaction of laser field and atoms or molecules of nonlinear media. By using pertubation theory associated with density matrix theory, the molecular nonlinear second-order optical susceptibility β<sub>ijk</sub>（-2ω, ω, ω） can be induced as follows:展开更多
基金Financially supported by a grant from the Education Com-mittee of Hunan Province (No.ooAoo9)
文摘Objectives: To determine the susceptibilities of M.hominis and U. urealyticum to fluoroquinolones forthe instruction of reasonable clinical application ofantibiotics.Method: The susceptibilities of M. hominis and U.urealyticum to six fluoroquinolones were determinedby the broth dilution method.Results: Sparfloxacin and gatifloxacin were veryactive with MIC50S of 0.03125 and 0.25 μg/ml againstM. hominis, 0.25 and 0.5 μg/ml against U. urealyticum,respectively. Levofloxacin and ofloxacin had MIC50S of1 μg/ml and 2 μg/ml, respectively against both species.Norfloxacin was less effective against both species at16 and 32 μg/ml. Ciprofloxacin was unusual in thatthe MIC50S varied fourfold between species, with 2 μg/ml against M. hominis and 8 μg/ml against U.urealyticum.Conclusions: The results can provide useful infor-mation for selecting fluoroquinolones for treatmentof urogenital mycoplasma infections.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.10647002 and 10565001the Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi under Grant Nos.0542042,0481030,and 0575020Guangxi University of Technology under Grant No.05006
文摘Based on the parameterized fully dressed quark propagator proposed by us, the tensor susceptibilities of QCD vacuum and quark vacuum condensates are investigated. Our predicted values of the tensor susceptibilities are in agreement with those predicted by many other theoretical models with QCD feature. The results also show that the tensor susceptibility of QCD vacuum strongly depends on flavor of quark but not sensitive to variation of quark vacuum condensates. However, the quark vacuum condensate is very sensitive to the change of cut-off-parameter μ^2 of the integration, that is, it depends on the separation point of perturbative and non-perturbative QCD region. The successful predictions clearly indicate the extensive validity of our parameterized fully dressed quark propagator used here.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 11275097,11475085,11535005,and 11265017the Jiangsu Planned Projects for Postdoctoral Research Funds under Grant No 1402006C+2 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation under Grant No 2015M571728the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province under Grant No BK20130078the Guizhou-Provincial Outstanding Youth Science and Technology Talent Cultivation Object Special Funds under Grant No QKHRZ(2013)28
文摘It is commonly accepted that the system undergoes a crossover at high temperature and low chemical potential beyond the chiral limit case, and the properties of the crossover region are important for researchers to understand the nature of strong interacting matters of quantum chromodynamics （QCD）. Since at present there is no exact order of parameters of the phase transitions beyond the chiral limit, QCD susceptibilities are widely used as indicators. In this work various susceptibilities are discussed in the framework of Dyson-Schwinger equations. The results show that different kinds of susceptibilities give the same critical end point, which is the bifurcation point of the crossover region and the first order phase transition line of QCD. Nevertheless, different pseudo- critical points are found in the temperature axis. We think that defining a critical band is more suitable in the crossover region.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61401395 and 61604128)the Scientific Research Fund of Zhejiang Provincial Education Department,China(Grant No.Y201533913)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(Grant Nos.2016QNA4025 and 2016QN81002)
文摘Active metamaterials embedded with nonlinear elements are able to exhibit strong nonlinearity in microwave regime.However, existing S-parameter based parameter retrieval approaches developed for linear metamaterials do not apply in nonlinear cases. In this paper, a retrieval algorithm of high-order susceptibilities for nonlinear metamaterials is derived.Experimental demonstration shows that, by measuring the power level of each harmonic while sweeping the incident power,high-order susceptibilities of a thin-layer nonlinear metamaterial can be effectively retrieved. The proposed approach can be widely used in the research of active metamaterials.
基金funded by Czech Science Foundation project no.19-07516S and is in accordance of research plan no.RVO67985831UNESCO/IUGS/IGCP 679 project.
文摘A new multidisciplinary study is being carried out in several localities from Outer Carpathians of Central Europe. Outer Carpathians allow studying the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) interval of the oceanic facies, including lower bathyal-abyssal sub-CCD turbidites. Preliminary results of field-measured magnetic susceptibilities from Uzgruň K-Pg section in the Czech Republic are presented.
基金supported by a grant from the National Basic Research Program of China 2014CB744403the National Science and Technology Major Project 2014ZX100030002
文摘Objective Mycobacterium avium （M. avium） and Mycobacterium intracellulare （M. intracellulare） are the major causative agents of nontuberculous mycobacteria （NTM）-related pulmonary infections. However, little is known about the differences in drug susceptibility profiles between these two species. Methods A total of 393 NTM isolates were collected from Shanghai Pulmonary Disease Hospital. Sequencing of partial genes was performed to identify the strains at species level. The minimum inhibitory concentration （MIC） was used to evaluate the drug susceptibility against 20 antimicrobial agents. Variable number of tandem repeat （VNTR） typing was conducted to genotype these two species. Results A total of 173 （44.0%） M. avium complex （MAC） isolates were identified, including 41 （10.4%） M. avium isolates and 132 （33.6%） M. intracellulare isolates. Clarithromycin and amikacin were the two most effective agents against MAC isolates. The Hunter-Gaston Discriminatory Index （HGDI） values for VNTR typing of M. avium and M. intracellulare isolates were 0.993 and 0.995, respectively. Levofloxacin resistance was more common among the unclustered strains than among the clustered strains of M. intracellulare. Conclusion M. intrecellulare was the most common NTM species in China. Clarithromycin and amikacin had high antimicrobial activities against MAC. VNTR typing of MAC isolates revealed a high discriminatory power. Levofloxacin resistance was associated with unclustered strains of M. intracellulare.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30570247)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanxi Province,China (2006011075)
文摘The susceptibilities of Oxya chinensis to malathion were studied in three populations collected from outskirt of Tianjin, China, using bioassays and biochemical analysis. Populations were chosen to represent different exposure to insecticides： BDG （Beidagang; low exposure）, BD （Baodi; high exposure previously but low exposure now）, and JN （Jinnan; high exposure）. The results showed that the LD50 values of BD and JN populations were 3.95- and 12.02-fold and 3.64- and 10.07- fold higher than that of BDG population in females and males, respectively. The LD50 values in females were higher than those in males. The results of biochemical analysis indicated that the esterase （EST） activities in JN population were higher than those in BD and BDG populations. They showed that when α-NA, α-NB, and α-NA were used as substrates, females＇ EST activities of JN population were 1.11-, 1.30-, and 1.14-fold and 1.39-, 1.59-, and 1.54-fold higher than those of BD and BDG populations, respectively. When α-NA, α-NB, and β-NA were used as substrates, males＇ EST activities of JN population were 1.13-, 1.12-, and 1,00-fold and 1.20-, 1.14-, and 1.07-fold higher than those of BD and BDG populations, respectively. The results also showed that the specific activities of the females were higher than those of the males in the BD and JN populations, whereas the specific activities of the males were higher than those of the females in the BDG population. The results of bioassay were consistent with those of biochemical analysis. Thus, it was inferred that the elevated ESTs activities might play an important role in conferring the differences of susceptibility of O. chinensis to malathion in the three collected populations. Enzyme kinetic studies indicated that the Km and Vmax values were different among the three collected populations and between the females and the males. The observed changes in the kinetic parameters might be explained by differential expression patterns of isozymes so that the insect esterases have different affinities and maximum velocities toward the same substrate.
文摘Objective To determine the susceptibilities of M. tuberculosis H37Ra and M. chelonei subsp. absecessus to several frequently-used disinfectants and to evaluate the practicability of surrogating M. tuberculosis by the latter. Methods A suspension quantitative bactericidal test was set up in accordance with Chinese Technique Standard for Disinfection to evaluate the susceptibility of each mycobacteria strain to each selected disinfectant. Killing log value was used as criterion in comparing the susceptibility to disinfectants between the two strains. Results M. chelonei subsp. abscessus was more resistant to chlorine disinfectant than M. tuberculosis while the two strains were similarly resistant to iodophor disinfectant, peracetic acid, alcohol and glutaraldehyde disinfectant. Conclusion M. chelonei subsp. abscessus has the potential to surrogate M. tuberculosis in evaluating mycobactericidal efficacies of disinfectants.
文摘Disturbances such as forest fires,intense winds,and insect damage exert strong impacts on forest ecosystems by shaping their structure and growth dynamics,with contributions from climate change.Consequently,there is a need for reliable and operational methods to monitor and map these disturbances for the development of suitable management strategies.While susceptibility assessment using machine learning methods has increased,most studies have focused on a single disturbance.Moreover,there has been limited exploration of the use of“Automated Machine Learning(AutoML)”in the literature.In this study,susceptibility assessment for multiple forest disturbances(fires,insect damage,and wind damage)was conducted using the PyCaret AutoML framework in the Izmir Regional Forest Directorate(RFD)in Turkey.The AutoML framework compared 14 machine learning algorithms and ranked the best models based on AUC(area under the curve)values.The extra tree classifier(ET)algorithm was selected for modeling the susceptibility of each disturbance due to its good performance(AUC values>0.98).The study evaluated susceptibilities for both individual and multiple disturbances,creating a total of four susceptibility maps using fifteen driving factors in the assessment.According to the results,82.5%of forested areas in the Izmir RFD are susceptible to multiple disturbances at high and very high levels.Additionally,a potential forest disturbances map was created,revealing that 15.6%of forested areas in the Izmir RFD may experience no damage from the disturbances considered,while 54.2%could face damage from all three disturbances.The SHAP(Shapley Additive exPlanations)methodology was applied to evaluate the importance of features on prediction and the nonlinear relationship between explanatory features and susceptibility to disturbance.
文摘Based on a modified version of the global color symmetry model,the pion susceptibilities of vacuum needed in the QCD sum rule external-field method for the coupling of pseudoscalar current to hadron have bean calculated beyond the vacuum saturation approximation.Comparison with the previous estimations has been given.
文摘The pion and tensor vacuum susceptibilities are calculated in the framework of the renormalizable DysonSchwinger equations. A comparison with the results of other nonperturbative QCD approaches is given.
文摘alculations of the nonlinear second-order optical susceptlbilities(β_(ijk))for sub- stituted tl1iophene derivative;with quinoidlike conformation are reported.These systetems possess small dipole moment;and large differences between dipole mo- ments of ground and first-excited states.Geometry optimizations of the molecules investigated were carried out using AM 1 method.The calculations were performed using INDO/CI method comboned with a sum-over-states expression for β_(jik). The calculated results sbw that the second-order susceptibility is a function of the na- ture and location of substituents and is larger for disubstituted molecules than monosubstituted molecules. Bipolymeric thiophenemetmne with NH_2/NO_2 groups was calctilated to have a β_μof 79. 920 × 10￣(-30) esu. It was found that the NH_2 and NO_2 groups in above disubstituted molecules are pull-pull groups in ground states,but are usual push-pull groups in the first excited states.
文摘The aim of this study was to determine presence of Salmonella spp. in chicken meat samples collected from Ankara, Turkey and determine the susceptibility of the Salmonella isolates to some antimicrobial agents. For this purpose, 127 chicken samples were collected from local markets. Investigation of Salmonella was done according to horizontal method, the guidelines of the method recommended by International Standards Organization （ISO）. Antimicrobial susceptibilities of Salmonella spp. was performed with microdilution method according to the guidelines of CLSI M100-SI8. Ampicillin, gentamicin sulphate, ofloxacin, levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, tetracycline, ceftriaxon, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole were used in the study. Salmonella spp. was isolated from 5 （3.94%） of the 127 chicken meat samples. Although our findings are not within Turkish Food Codex （TFC） values, lower number of samples that involve Salmonella spp. indicates an improvement in the hygienic conditions in Turkey. Among 5 isolates, one isolate was sensitive to all antimicrobial agents tested. 2 isolates exhibited multidrug resistance. Successfully, all the isolates were sensitive to quinolones as a good result in spite of the reported reduced susceptibility from different regions of the world. However, this study should be improved with more chicken samples and Salmonella spp. isolate numbers to support these results.
基金Supported by Research Start-up Fund Project of Chengdu University(X2110)。
文摘Assuming the equilibrium of the Quantum Chromodynamics(QCD)system,we investigate the critical behavior of the sixth-,eighth-,and tenth-order susceptibilities of the net-baryon number through mapping the results in the three-dimensional Ising model to that of QCD.Both the leading and sub-leading critical contributions from the Ising model are discussed.When considering only the leading critical contribution,the density plots of susceptibilities of the same order demonstrate a consistent general pattern independent of the values of the mapping parameters.As the critical point is approached from the crossover side,a negative dip followed by a positive peak is observed in the dependence of the three different orders of susceptibilities.When sub-leading critical contribution is considered,modifications become apparent in the density plots of the susceptibilities.The emergence of negative dips in the dependence of the susceptibilities is not an absolute phenomenon,whereas the positive peak structure is a more robust feature of the critical point.
基金Supported by Fund Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China(11647093,11405088,11521064)Fund Project of Sichuan Provincial Department of Education(16ZB0339)+1 种基金Fund Project of Chengdu Technological University(2016RC004)the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China(2014CB845402)
文摘We study the sign distribution of generalized magnetic susceptibilities in the temperature-external magnetic field plane using the three-dimensional three-state Potts model. We find that the sign of odd-order susceptibility is opposite in the symmetric（disorder） and broken（order） phases, but that of the even-order one remains positive when it is far away from the phase boundary. When the critical point is approached from the crossover side, negative fourth-order magnetic susceptibility is observable. It is also demonstrated that non-monotonic behavior occurs in the temperature dependence of the generalized susceptibilities of the energy. The finite-size scaling behavior of the specific heat in this model is mainly controlled by the critical exponent of the magnetic susceptibility in the three-dimensional Ising universality class.
基金Supported by NSFC(11275213,and 11261130311)(CRC 110 by DFG and NSFC)CAS key project KJCX2-EW-N01Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS
文摘We investigate the baryon number susceptibilities up to fourth order along different freeze-out lines in a holographic QCD model with a critical end point（CEP）, and we propose that the peaked baryon number susceptibilities along the freeze-out line can be used as a clean signature to locate the CEP in the QCD phase diagram.On the temperature and baryon chemical potential plane, the cumulant ratio of the baryon number susceptibilities（up to fourth order） forms a ridge along the phase boundary, and develops a sword-shaped ＂mountain＂ standing upright around the CEP in a narrow and oblate region. The measurement of baryon number susceptibilities from heavy-ion collision experiments is along the freeze-out line. If the freeze-out line crosses the foot of the CEP mountain, then one can observe the peaked baryon number susceptibilities along the freeze-out line, and the kurtosis of the baryon number distributions has the highest magnitude. The data from the first phase of the beam energy scan program at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider indicates that there should be a peak of the kurtosis of the baryon number distribution at a collision energy of around 5 Ge V, which suggests that the freeze-out line crosses the foot of the CEP mountain and the summit of the CEP should be located nearby, around a collision energy of 3–7 GeV.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China,Nos.2017YFA0104302(to NG and XM)and 2017YFA0104304(to BW and ZZ)
文摘Mesenchymal stromal cell transplantation is an effective and promising approach for treating various systemic and diffuse diseases.However,the biological characteristics of transplanted mesenchymal stromal cells in humans remain unclear,including cell viability,distribution,migration,and fate.Conventional cell tracing methods cannot be used in the clinic.The use of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles as contrast agents allows for the observation of transplanted cells using magnetic resonance imaging.In 2016,the National Medical Products Administration of China approved a new superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle,Ruicun,for use as a contrast agent in clinical trials.In the present study,an acute hemi-transection spinal cord injury model was established in beagle dogs.The injury was then treated by transplantation of Ruicun-labeled mesenchymal stromal cells.The results indicated that Ruicunlabeled mesenchymal stromal cells repaired damaged spinal cord fibers and partially restored neurological function in animals with acute spinal cord injury.T2*-weighted imaging revealed low signal areas on both sides of the injured spinal cord.The results of quantitative susceptibility mapping with ultrashort echo time sequences indicated that Ruicun-labeled mesenchymal stromal cells persisted stably within the injured spinal cord for over 4 weeks.These findings suggest that magnetic resonance imaging has the potential to effectively track the migration of Ruicun-labeled mesenchymal stromal cells and assess their ability to repair spinal cord injury.
基金a grant from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFD0200500).
文摘The brown planthopper is a notorious rice pest in many areas of Asia.The evolution of insecticide resistance in Nilaparvata lugens has become a serious problem in the effective control of this pest in the paddy field.In this article,the current susceptibility of N.lugens field populations to novel mesoionic insecticide triflumezopyrim and major classes of chemical insecticides was determined and compared.The monitoring results indicated that field populations of N.lugens had developed low resistance to triflumezopyrim(resistance ratio,RR:1.3-7.3-fold)during 2015-2018 in China,and the median lethal concentration values varied from 0.05 to 0.29 mg/L.Additionally,during 2017 to 2018,field populations of N.lugens showed high resistance levels to thiamethoxam(RR:456.1-1025.6-fold),imidacloprid(RR:2195.3-6899.0-fold)and buprofezin(RR:1241.57521.7-fold),moderate to high resistance levels to dinotefuran(RR:97.6-320.1-fold),clothianidin(RR:69.4-230.1-fold)and isoprocarb(RR:44.1-108.0-fold),and low to moderate levels of resistance to chlorpyrifos(RR:12.0-29.7-fold)and nitenpyram(RR:6.9-24.1-fold).In contrast,N.lugens just showed low resistance to sulfoxaflor(RR:3.3-8.5-fold)and etofenprox(RR:5.0-9.1-fold)in the field.Additionally,the P450 gene CYP6ER1 was found to be significantly overexpressed in all five field populations of N.lugens collected in 2018 when compared with a laboratory susceptible strain.Our findings will provide useful information to delay the evolution of insecticide resistance in N.lugens.
基金Project supported by the University Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province （No. 04KJD150195）. Acknowledgement The authors wish to express our gratitude to the referees for their value comments.
文摘For predicting the molar diamagnetic susceptibilities of inorganic compounds, a novel connectivity index ^mG based on adjacency matrix of molecular graphs and ionic parameter gi was proposed. The gi is defined as gi=（ni^0.5-0.91）^4·xi^0.5｜Zi^0.5, where Zi, ni, xi are the valence, the outer electronic shell primary quantum number, and the electronegativity of atom i respectively. The good QSPR models for the molar diamagnetic susceptibilities can be constructed from ^0G and ^1G by using multivariate linear regression （MLR） method and artificial neural network （NN） method. The correlation coefficient r, standard error, and average absolute deviation of the MLR model and NN model are 0.9868, 5.47 cgs, 4.33 cgs, 0.9885, 5.09 cgs and 4.06 cgs, respectively, for the 144 inorganic compounds. The cross-validation by using the leave-one-out method demonstrates that the MLR model is highly reliable from the point of view of statistics. The average absolute deviations of predicted values of the molar diamagnetic susceptibility of other 62 inorganic compounds （test set） are 4.72 cgs and 4.06 cgs for the MLR model and NN model. The results show that the current method is more effective than literature methods for estimating the molar diamagnetic susceptibility of an inorganic compound. Both MLR and NN methods can provide acceptable models for the prediction of the molar diamagnetic susceptibilities. The NN model for the molar diamagnetic susceptibilities appears more reliable than the MLR model.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘Theoretically the nonlinear optical effect is produced by the interaction of laser field and atoms or molecules of nonlinear media. By using pertubation theory associated with density matrix theory, the molecular nonlinear second-order optical susceptibility β<sub>ijk</sub>（-2ω, ω, ω） can be induced as follows:
