Temperate glaciers in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau have experienced significant mass loss and retreat in recent decades,yet detailed on-site observations remain limited.Here we present the measured records of surf...Temperate glaciers in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau have experienced significant mass loss and retreat in recent decades,yet detailed on-site observations remain limited.Here we present the measured records of surface mass balance,ice velocity and surface ice temperature of Baishui River Glacier No.1 in Yulong Snow Mountain from 2018 to 2022.Our observations reveal an annual mean mass balance of-1.29±0.16 m w.e.,demonstrating a significant seasonal imbalance between reduced accumulation(multi-year average of 0.51±0.07 m w.e.)and enhanced ablation(multi-year average of 1.80±0.26 m w.e.),which provides crucial evidence for explaining the long-term mass loss.The average annual ice velocity,predominantly controlled by monsoon season dynamics which contribute 69%–74%of the total movement,was measured at 26.91±2.76 m yr^(-1)and exhibited a decreasing trend of 1.73 m yr^(-1).The ice temperature fluctuated between-13.41℃to-0.04℃,with an average of-6.04℃.The ice temperature and air temperature synchronized well in the nonmonsoon period,while the temperature rise was not synchronized and slightly delayed in the monsoon period.展开更多
Surface mass anomalies estimated by mass concentration(mascon)approach using Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment(GRACE)observations with regularization constraints generally present higher spatial resolution than ...Surface mass anomalies estimated by mass concentration(mascon)approach using Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment(GRACE)observations with regularization constraints generally present higher spatial resolution than the spheric harmonic(SH)solutions.To analyze the influence of different types of constraints on the estimation of mascon solutions,we carried out a closed-loop simulation experiment to estimate surface mass anomalies over South America based on simulated GRACE intersatellite geopotential differences.Tikhonov regularization with spatial constraint(SC),uniform weighting constraint(UWC),and a prior information constraint(APC)were employed to stabilize the mascon solutions,and the corresponding optimal regularization parameters were determined based on the minimum residual root-mean-square(RMS)criterion.The results show that mascon solutions estimated under different types of constraints are consistent and equivalent when the optimal regularization parameters are selected.The spatial distributions and main characteristics of regional surface mass anomalies estimated by the three types of constraints agree well,and the values of residual RMS with different constraints are very close.But due to the smoothing effect of regularization,the signal strength of mascon solutions is a bit weaker than that of original true signal,especially in the regions with strong signals.In addition,due to the ill-conditioned problem is more serious for higher grid resolution,the relative contribution of the three types of constraints to the final mascon solutions would be stronger.The results show that the averages of relative contribution percentages of these constraints for 2°×2° mascon grids are 80%-90%,while the corresponding values for 4°×4° mascon grids are 30%-60%.However,based on the minimum residual RMS criterion,the accuracy of estimation results is not affected by the type of constraints and their relative contribution to the final mascon solutions.展开更多
Based on stake measurements conducted along the Chinese Antarctic traverse since Jan.1999,we investigated the characteristics of surface mass balance(SMB)and related climate consequences from Zhongshan Station to Dome...Based on stake measurements conducted along the Chinese Antarctic traverse since Jan.1999,we investigated the characteristics of surface mass balance(SMB)and related climate consequences from Zhongshan Station to Dome A,East Antarctica.Spatial analysis suggests that post-depositional processes have a great impact on surface morphology;thus,the representativeness of a single measurement should be discussed in conjunction with local climate features.The comparison among snow accumulation,ice sheet thickness,surface elevation,and ice velocity indicates that the bedrock topography has an indirect connection with the SMB patterns through controlling the surface topography and local climate.The observation reveals that the Lambert Glacier Basin has been experiencing increasing mass input(4.5%),whereas the inland area has experienced a 6%loss,since 2005.An overall estimation of the SMB along the route is 71.3±44.3 kg m?2 a?1,but the annual and regional variation is considerable.Tendency analysis shows that there are four sections with different SMB patterns as a result of three moisture sources and surface climatic discrepancy in the Antarctic inland.This study is the first to identify four SMB patterns from the coast to the Dome area and should provide a valuable contribution to modeling and remote sensing on a continental scale.展开更多
Body surface area（BSA）was regarded as a more readily quantifiable parameter relative to body mass in the normalization of comparative biochemistry and physiology.The BSA prediction has attracted unceasing research b...Body surface area（BSA）was regarded as a more readily quantifiable parameter relative to body mass in the normalization of comparative biochemistry and physiology.The BSA prediction has attracted unceasing research back more than a century on animals,especially on humans and rats.Few studies in this area for anurans were reported,and the equation for body surface area（S）and body mass（W）：S=9.9 W 0.56,which was concluded from toads of four species in 1969,was generally adopted to estimate the body surface areas for anurans until recent years.However,this equation was not applicable to Odorrana grahami.The relationship between body surface area and body mass for this species was established as：S=15.4 W 0.579.Our current results suggest estimation equations should be used cautiously across different species and body surface area predictions on more species need to be conducted.展开更多
Nonlinear variations in the coordinate time series of global navigation satellite system(GNSS) reference stations are strongly correlated with surface displacements caused by environmental loading effects,including at...Nonlinear variations in the coordinate time series of global navigation satellite system(GNSS) reference stations are strongly correlated with surface displacements caused by environmental loading effects,including atmospheric, hydrological, and nontidal ocean loading. Continuous improvements in the accuracy of surface mass loading products, performance of Earth models, and precise data-processing technologies have significantly advanced research on the effects of environmental loading on nonlinear variations in GNSS coordinate time series. However, owing to theoretical limitations, the lack of high spatiotemporal resolution surface mass observations, and the coupling of GNSS technology-related systematic errors, environmental loading and nonlinear GNSS reference station displacements remain inconsistent. The applicability and capability of these loading products across different regions also require further evaluation. This paper outlines methods for modeling environmental loading, surface mass loading products, and service organizations. In addition, it summarizes recent advances in applying environmental loading to address nonlinear variations in global and regional GNSS coordinate time series. Moreover, the scientific questions of existing studies are summarized, and insights into future research directions are provided. The complex nonlinear motion of reference stations is a major factor limiting the accuracy of the current terrestrial reference frame. Further refining the environmental load modeling method, establishing a surface mass distribution model with high spatiotemporal resolution and reliability, exploring other environmental load factors such as ice sheet and artificial mass-change effects, and developing an optimal data-processing model and strategy for reprocessing global reference station data consistently could contribute to the development of a millimeter-level nonlinear motion model for GNSS reference stations with actual physical significance and provide theoretical support for establishing a terrestrial reference frame with 1 mm accuracy by 2050.展开更多
The aim of this work is to study the effect of non-uniform single and double slot suction/injection into a steady mixed convection boundary layer flow over a vertical cone, while the axis of the cone is inline with th...The aim of this work is to study the effect of non-uniform single and double slot suction/injection into a steady mixed convection boundary layer flow over a vertical cone, while the axis of the cone is inline with the flow. The governing boundary layer equations are transformed into a non-dimensional form by a group of non-similar trans- formations. The resulting coupled non-linear partial differential equations are solved nu- merically by employing the quasi-linearization technique and an implicit finite-difference scheme. Numerical computations are performed for different values of the dimensionless parameters to display the velocity and temperature profiles graphically. Also, numerical results are presented for the skin friction and heat transfer coefficients. Results indicate that the skin friction and heat transfer coefficients increase with non-uniform slot suction, but the effect of non-uniform slot injection is just opposite.展开更多
An infinite panel model of giant magnetostrictive material loudspeaker system （GMMLS） is proposed by making use of finite element method（FEM）. Bending wave eigenfunction is introduced to describe the acoustic radi...An infinite panel model of giant magnetostrictive material loudspeaker system （GMMLS） is proposed by making use of finite element method（FEM）. Bending wave eigenfunction is introduced to describe the acoustic radiation condition of the panel. Far-field response in different conditions is calculated by changing the mass surface density. Conclusion is obtained by analyzing the curves simulated, that panel which has larger mass surface density can hardly generate far-field acoustic radiation for lower frequency, while the panel has smaller mass surface density generates far-field acoustic radiation for lower frequency evenly and stronger.展开更多
Aim： To identify proteins induced by androgen in Sertoli cells during spermatogenesis. Methods： We analyzed protein profiles in TM4 Sertoli cells treated with dihydrotestosterone （DHT） using surface enhanced laser...Aim： To identify proteins induced by androgen in Sertoli cells during spermatogenesis. Methods： We analyzed protein profiles in TM4 Sertoli cells treated with dihydrotestosterone （DHT） using surface enhanced laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry （SELDI-TOF-MS）. Results： We found increases in the expression of a 5.0-kDa protein at 15 min, an 11.3-kDa protein at 24 h and 4.3 kDa, 5.7 kDa, 5.8 kDa, 9.95 kDa and 9.98 kDa proteins at 48 h after the treatment. In contrast, the expression of 6.3 kDa and 8.6 kDa proteins decreased at 30 min, and 4.9 kDa, 5.0 kDa, 12.4 kDa and 19.8 kDa proteins at 48 h after the treatment. The ll.3-kDa protein was identified as macrophage migration inhibitory factor （MIF） known to having various functions. The 9.98-kDa protein was identified as calgizzarin related to calcium channels. The timing of their expression suggests that MIF and calgizzarin are involved in late regulation of spermatogenesis in Sertoli cells by androgen. Conclusion： MIF and calgizzarin are two important androgen-responsive proteins produced by Sertoli cells and they might play a role in regulating spermatogenesis.展开更多
Objective： To search the specific serum proteins in tumor-like polypoid lesions of the gallbladder（PLG） patients. Methods： Surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry （SELDI-TOF...Objective： To search the specific serum proteins in tumor-like polypoid lesions of the gallbladder（PLG） patients. Methods： Surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry （SELDI-TOF-MS） technique and WCX Magnetic Beads were used to detect the serum proteomic fingerprint of 23 patients with tumor-like PLG, 21 patients with non tumor-like PLG and 26 normal persons. Biomarker Wizard and Biomarker Patterns Software were used in combination to analyze the data. Results： In the preliminary screening, 22 representative specific proteins for tumor-like PLG were found. Seven specific proteins showed increased expression and 15 specific proteins showed decreased expression in the tumor-like PLG patients. Three specific proteins are selected for the diagnosis of the tumor-like PLG.. Conclusion： SELDI-TOF-MS technique can be used to select specific proteins for tumor-like PLG patients, which may be useful for the diagnosis of the tumor-like PLG and the differential diagnosis with the non tumor-like PLG.展开更多
This is the second part of the new evaluation of atomic masses,Ame2020.Using least-squares adjustments to all evaluated and accepted experimental data,described in Part I,we derived tables with numerical values and gr...This is the second part of the new evaluation of atomic masses,Ame2020.Using least-squares adjustments to all evaluated and accepted experimental data,described in Part I,we derived tables with numerical values and graphs which supersede those given in Ame2016.The first table presents the recommended atomic mass values and their uncertainties.It is followed by a table of the influences of data on primary nuclides,a table of various reaction and decay energies,and finally,a series of graphs of separation and decay energies.The last section of this paper provides all input data references that were used in the Ame2020 and the Nubase2020 evaluations.展开更多
This is the first of two articles(Part I and Part II)that presents the results of the new atomic mass evaluation,Ame2020.It includes complete information on the experimental input data that were used to derive the tab...This is the first of two articles(Part I and Part II)that presents the results of the new atomic mass evaluation,Ame2020.It includes complete information on the experimental input data that were used to derive the tables of recommended values which are given in Part II.This article describes the evaluation philosophy and procedures that were implemented in the selection of specific nuclear reaction,decay and mass-spectrometric data which were used in a least-squares fit adjustment in order to determine the recommended mass values and their uncertainties.All input data,including both the accepted and rejected ones,are tabulated and compared with the adjusted values obtained from the least-squares fit analysis.Differences with the previous Ame2016 evaluation are discussed and specific examples are presented for several nuclides that may be of interest to Ame users.展开更多
This paper is the first of two articles （Part I and Part II） that presents the results of the new atomic mass evaluation, AME2016. It includes complete information on the experimental input data （also including unu...This paper is the first of two articles （Part I and Part II） that presents the results of the new atomic mass evaluation, AME2016. It includes complete information on the experimental input data （also including unused and rejected ones）, as well as details on the evaluation procedures used to derive the tables of recommended values given in the second part. This article describes the evaluation philosophy and procedures that were implemented in the selection of specific nuclear reaction, decay and mass-spectrometric results. These input values were entered in the least-squares adjustment for determining the best values for the atomic masses and their uncertainties. Details of the calculation and particularities of the AME are then described. All accepted and rejected data, including outweighted ones, are presented in a tabular format and compared with the adjusted values obtained using the least-squares fit analysis. Differences with the previous AME2012 evaluation are discussed and specific information is presented for several cases that may be of interest to AME users. The second AME2016 article gives a table with the recommended values of atomic masses, as well as tables and graphs of derived quantities, along with the list of references used in both the AME2016 and the NUBASE2016 evaluations （the first paper in this issue）.展开更多
VOF method which consists in transporting a discontinuous marker variable is widely used to capture the free surface in computational fluid dynamics.There is numerical dissipation in simulations involving the transpor...VOF method which consists in transporting a discontinuous marker variable is widely used to capture the free surface in computational fluid dynamics.There is numerical dissipation in simulations involving the transport of the marker.Numerical dissipation makes the free surface lose its physical nature.A free surface sharpening strategy based on optimization method is presented in the paper.The strategy can keep the location of the free surface and local mass conservation at both time,and can also keep free surface in a constant width.It is independent on the types of solvers and meshes.Two famous cases were chosen for verifying the free surface sharpening strategy performance.Results show that the strategy has a very good performance on keeping local mass conservation.The efficiency of prediction of the free surface is improved by applying the strategy.Accurate modeling of flow details such as drops can also be captured by this method.展开更多
Two hundred and eighteen serum samples from 175 lung cancer patients and 43 healthy individuals were analyzed by using Surface Enhaced Laser Desorption/Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectrome-try(SELDI-TOF-MS).The da...Two hundred and eighteen serum samples from 175 lung cancer patients and 43 healthy individuals were analyzed by using Surface Enhaced Laser Desorption/Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectrome-try(SELDI-TOF-MS).The data analyzed by both Biomarker Wizard?and Biomarker Patterns?software showed that a protein peak with the molecular weight of 11.6 kDa significantly increased in lung cancer.Meanwhile,the level of this biomarker was progressively increased with the clinical stages of lung cancer.The candidate biomarker was then obtained from tricine one-dimensional sodium dodecyl sul-fate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis by matching the molecular weight with peaks on WCX2 chips and was identified as Serum Amyloid A protein(SAA)by MALDI/MS-MS and database searching.It was further validated in the same serum samples by immunoprecipitation with commercial SAA antibody.To confirm the SAA differential expression in lung cancer patients,the same set of serum samples was measured by ELISA assay.The result showed that at the cutoff point 0.446(OD value)on the Receiver Operating Characteristic(ROC)curve,SAA could better discriminate lung cancer from healthy indi-viduals with sensitivity of 84.1%and specificity of 80%.These findings demonstrated that SAA could be characterized as a biomarker related to pathological stages of lung cancer.展开更多
基金supported by the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(Grant No.GZC20232951)the Science and Technology program of Gansu Province(Grant No.22ZD6FA005)Program of the State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science and Frozen Soil Engineering(Grant No.CSFSE-TZ-2403,2410)。
文摘Temperate glaciers in the southeastern Tibetan Plateau have experienced significant mass loss and retreat in recent decades,yet detailed on-site observations remain limited.Here we present the measured records of surface mass balance,ice velocity and surface ice temperature of Baishui River Glacier No.1 in Yulong Snow Mountain from 2018 to 2022.Our observations reveal an annual mean mass balance of-1.29±0.16 m w.e.,demonstrating a significant seasonal imbalance between reduced accumulation(multi-year average of 0.51±0.07 m w.e.)and enhanced ablation(multi-year average of 1.80±0.26 m w.e.),which provides crucial evidence for explaining the long-term mass loss.The average annual ice velocity,predominantly controlled by monsoon season dynamics which contribute 69%–74%of the total movement,was measured at 26.91±2.76 m yr^(-1)and exhibited a decreasing trend of 1.73 m yr^(-1).The ice temperature fluctuated between-13.41℃to-0.04℃,with an average of-6.04℃.The ice temperature and air temperature synchronized well in the nonmonsoon period,while the temperature rise was not synchronized and slightly delayed in the monsoon period.
基金funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2018YFC1503503)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41974015,42061134007,41474019)。
文摘Surface mass anomalies estimated by mass concentration(mascon)approach using Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment(GRACE)observations with regularization constraints generally present higher spatial resolution than the spheric harmonic(SH)solutions.To analyze the influence of different types of constraints on the estimation of mascon solutions,we carried out a closed-loop simulation experiment to estimate surface mass anomalies over South America based on simulated GRACE intersatellite geopotential differences.Tikhonov regularization with spatial constraint(SC),uniform weighting constraint(UWC),and a prior information constraint(APC)were employed to stabilize the mascon solutions,and the corresponding optimal regularization parameters were determined based on the minimum residual root-mean-square(RMS)criterion.The results show that mascon solutions estimated under different types of constraints are consistent and equivalent when the optimal regularization parameters are selected.The spatial distributions and main characteristics of regional surface mass anomalies estimated by the three types of constraints agree well,and the values of residual RMS with different constraints are very close.But due to the smoothing effect of regularization,the signal strength of mascon solutions is a bit weaker than that of original true signal,especially in the regions with strong signals.In addition,due to the ill-conditioned problem is more serious for higher grid resolution,the relative contribution of the three types of constraints to the final mascon solutions would be stronger.The results show that the averages of relative contribution percentages of these constraints for 2°×2° mascon grids are 80%-90%,while the corresponding values for 4°×4° mascon grids are 30%-60%.However,based on the minimum residual RMS criterion,the accuracy of estimation results is not affected by the type of constraints and their relative contribution to the final mascon solutions.
基金supported by National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2013CBA01804)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.41206179,41425003)+2 种基金the State Oceanic Administration of the People’s Republic of China Project on Climate in Polar Regions(Grant Nos.CHINARE2012-02-02,CHINARE2012-04-04)the State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences Opening Fund(Grant No.SKLCS 2012-01)the logistical and financial support provided by Chinese National Antarctic Research Expedition(Grant No.IC201311)
文摘Based on stake measurements conducted along the Chinese Antarctic traverse since Jan.1999,we investigated the characteristics of surface mass balance(SMB)and related climate consequences from Zhongshan Station to Dome A,East Antarctica.Spatial analysis suggests that post-depositional processes have a great impact on surface morphology;thus,the representativeness of a single measurement should be discussed in conjunction with local climate features.The comparison among snow accumulation,ice sheet thickness,surface elevation,and ice velocity indicates that the bedrock topography has an indirect connection with the SMB patterns through controlling the surface topography and local climate.The observation reveals that the Lambert Glacier Basin has been experiencing increasing mass input(4.5%),whereas the inland area has experienced a 6%loss,since 2005.An overall estimation of the SMB along the route is 71.3±44.3 kg m?2 a?1,but the annual and regional variation is considerable.Tendency analysis shows that there are four sections with different SMB patterns as a result of three moisture sources and surface climatic discrepancy in the Antarctic inland.This study is the first to identify four SMB patterns from the coast to the Dome area and should provide a valuable contribution to modeling and remote sensing on a continental scale.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (30800100)Science and Technology Offi ce of Guiyang, China (2012204-28)
文摘Body surface area（BSA）was regarded as a more readily quantifiable parameter relative to body mass in the normalization of comparative biochemistry and physiology.The BSA prediction has attracted unceasing research back more than a century on animals,especially on humans and rats.Few studies in this area for anurans were reported,and the equation for body surface area（S）and body mass（W）：S=9.9 W 0.56,which was concluded from toads of four species in 1969,was generally adopted to estimate the body surface areas for anurans until recent years.However,this equation was not applicable to Odorrana grahami.The relationship between body surface area and body mass for this species was established as：S=15.4 W 0.579.Our current results suggest estimation equations should be used cautiously across different species and body surface area predictions on more species need to be conducted.
基金supported by the Basic Science Center Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42388102)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42174030)+2 种基金the Special Fund of Hubei Luojia Laboratory(220100020)the Major Science and Technology Program for Hubei Province(2022AAA002)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(2042022dx0001 and 2042023kfyq01)。
文摘Nonlinear variations in the coordinate time series of global navigation satellite system(GNSS) reference stations are strongly correlated with surface displacements caused by environmental loading effects,including atmospheric, hydrological, and nontidal ocean loading. Continuous improvements in the accuracy of surface mass loading products, performance of Earth models, and precise data-processing technologies have significantly advanced research on the effects of environmental loading on nonlinear variations in GNSS coordinate time series. However, owing to theoretical limitations, the lack of high spatiotemporal resolution surface mass observations, and the coupling of GNSS technology-related systematic errors, environmental loading and nonlinear GNSS reference station displacements remain inconsistent. The applicability and capability of these loading products across different regions also require further evaluation. This paper outlines methods for modeling environmental loading, surface mass loading products, and service organizations. In addition, it summarizes recent advances in applying environmental loading to address nonlinear variations in global and regional GNSS coordinate time series. Moreover, the scientific questions of existing studies are summarized, and insights into future research directions are provided. The complex nonlinear motion of reference stations is a major factor limiting the accuracy of the current terrestrial reference frame. Further refining the environmental load modeling method, establishing a surface mass distribution model with high spatiotemporal resolution and reliability, exploring other environmental load factors such as ice sheet and artificial mass-change effects, and developing an optimal data-processing model and strategy for reprocessing global reference station data consistently could contribute to the development of a millimeter-level nonlinear motion model for GNSS reference stations with actual physical significance and provide theoretical support for establishing a terrestrial reference frame with 1 mm accuracy by 2050.
文摘The aim of this work is to study the effect of non-uniform single and double slot suction/injection into a steady mixed convection boundary layer flow over a vertical cone, while the axis of the cone is inline with the flow. The governing boundary layer equations are transformed into a non-dimensional form by a group of non-similar trans- formations. The resulting coupled non-linear partial differential equations are solved nu- merically by employing the quasi-linearization technique and an implicit finite-difference scheme. Numerical computations are performed for different values of the dimensionless parameters to display the velocity and temperature profiles graphically. Also, numerical results are presented for the skin friction and heat transfer coefficients. Results indicate that the skin friction and heat transfer coefficients increase with non-uniform slot suction, but the effect of non-uniform slot injection is just opposite.
文摘An infinite panel model of giant magnetostrictive material loudspeaker system （GMMLS） is proposed by making use of finite element method（FEM）. Bending wave eigenfunction is introduced to describe the acoustic radiation condition of the panel. Far-field response in different conditions is calculated by changing the mass surface density. Conclusion is obtained by analyzing the curves simulated, that panel which has larger mass surface density can hardly generate far-field acoustic radiation for lower frequency, while the panel has smaller mass surface density generates far-field acoustic radiation for lower frequency evenly and stronger.
文摘Aim： To identify proteins induced by androgen in Sertoli cells during spermatogenesis. Methods： We analyzed protein profiles in TM4 Sertoli cells treated with dihydrotestosterone （DHT） using surface enhanced laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry （SELDI-TOF-MS）. Results： We found increases in the expression of a 5.0-kDa protein at 15 min, an 11.3-kDa protein at 24 h and 4.3 kDa, 5.7 kDa, 5.8 kDa, 9.95 kDa and 9.98 kDa proteins at 48 h after the treatment. In contrast, the expression of 6.3 kDa and 8.6 kDa proteins decreased at 30 min, and 4.9 kDa, 5.0 kDa, 12.4 kDa and 19.8 kDa proteins at 48 h after the treatment. The ll.3-kDa protein was identified as macrophage migration inhibitory factor （MIF） known to having various functions. The 9.98-kDa protein was identified as calgizzarin related to calcium channels. The timing of their expression suggests that MIF and calgizzarin are involved in late regulation of spermatogenesis in Sertoli cells by androgen. Conclusion： MIF and calgizzarin are two important androgen-responsive proteins produced by Sertoli cells and they might play a role in regulating spermatogenesis.
基金supported by the Scientific Research Foundation of the High School from Education Department of Liaoning Province(No.20060923).
文摘Objective： To search the specific serum proteins in tumor-like polypoid lesions of the gallbladder（PLG） patients. Methods： Surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry （SELDI-TOF-MS） technique and WCX Magnetic Beads were used to detect the serum proteomic fingerprint of 23 patients with tumor-like PLG, 21 patients with non tumor-like PLG and 26 normal persons. Biomarker Wizard and Biomarker Patterns Software were used in combination to analyze the data. Results： In the preliminary screening, 22 representative specific proteins for tumor-like PLG were found. Seven specific proteins showed increased expression and 15 specific proteins showed decreased expression in the tumor-like PLG patients. Three specific proteins are selected for the diagnosis of the tumor-like PLG.. Conclusion： SELDI-TOF-MS technique can be used to select specific proteins for tumor-like PLG patients, which may be useful for the diagnosis of the tumor-like PLG and the differential diagnosis with the non tumor-like PLG.
基金This work is supported in part by the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS,Grant No.XDB34000000)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2016YFA0400504)the U.S.Department of Energy,Of-fice of Science,Office of Nuclear Physics,under Contract No.DE-AC02-06CH11357.
文摘This is the second part of the new evaluation of atomic masses,Ame2020.Using least-squares adjustments to all evaluated and accepted experimental data,described in Part I,we derived tables with numerical values and graphs which supersede those given in Ame2016.The first table presents the recommended atomic mass values and their uncertainties.It is followed by a table of the influences of data on primary nuclides,a table of various reaction and decay energies,and finally,a series of graphs of separation and decay energies.The last section of this paper provides all input data references that were used in the Ame2020 and the Nubase2020 evaluations.
文摘This is the first of two articles(Part I and Part II)that presents the results of the new atomic mass evaluation,Ame2020.It includes complete information on the experimental input data that were used to derive the tables of recommended values which are given in Part II.This article describes the evaluation philosophy and procedures that were implemented in the selection of specific nuclear reaction,decay and mass-spectrometric data which were used in a least-squares fit adjustment in order to determine the recommended mass values and their uncertainties.All input data,including both the accepted and rejected ones,are tabulated and compared with the adjusted values obtained from the least-squares fit analysis.Differences with the previous Ame2016 evaluation are discussed and specific examples are presented for several nuclides that may be of interest to Ame users.
基金This work has been undertaken with the endorsement of the IUPAP Commission on Symbols, Units, Nomenclature, Atomic Masses and Fundamental Constants （SUNAMCO）.
文摘This paper is the first of two articles （Part I and Part II） that presents the results of the new atomic mass evaluation, AME2016. It includes complete information on the experimental input data （also including unused and rejected ones）, as well as details on the evaluation procedures used to derive the tables of recommended values given in the second part. This article describes the evaluation philosophy and procedures that were implemented in the selection of specific nuclear reaction, decay and mass-spectrometric results. These input values were entered in the least-squares adjustment for determining the best values for the atomic masses and their uncertainties. Details of the calculation and particularities of the AME are then described. All accepted and rejected data, including outweighted ones, are presented in a tabular format and compared with the adjusted values obtained using the least-squares fit analysis. Differences with the previous AME2012 evaluation are discussed and specific information is presented for several cases that may be of interest to AME users. The second AME2016 article gives a table with the recommended values of atomic masses, as well as tables and graphs of derived quantities, along with the list of references used in both the AME2016 and the NUBASE2016 evaluations （the first paper in this issue）.
基金funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant number:51176012
文摘VOF method which consists in transporting a discontinuous marker variable is widely used to capture the free surface in computational fluid dynamics.There is numerical dissipation in simulations involving the transport of the marker.Numerical dissipation makes the free surface lose its physical nature.A free surface sharpening strategy based on optimization method is presented in the paper.The strategy can keep the location of the free surface and local mass conservation at both time,and can also keep free surface in a constant width.It is independent on the types of solvers and meshes.Two famous cases were chosen for verifying the free surface sharpening strategy performance.Results show that the strategy has a very good performance on keeping local mass conservation.The efficiency of prediction of the free surface is improved by applying the strategy.Accurate modeling of flow details such as drops can also be captured by this method.
基金the Major State Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2006CB910100)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.30370712)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Beijing(Grant No.7051002)Sci-ence Technology Committee of Beijing(Grant No.Y0204002040111)
文摘Two hundred and eighteen serum samples from 175 lung cancer patients and 43 healthy individuals were analyzed by using Surface Enhaced Laser Desorption/Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectrome-try(SELDI-TOF-MS).The data analyzed by both Biomarker Wizard?and Biomarker Patterns?software showed that a protein peak with the molecular weight of 11.6 kDa significantly increased in lung cancer.Meanwhile,the level of this biomarker was progressively increased with the clinical stages of lung cancer.The candidate biomarker was then obtained from tricine one-dimensional sodium dodecyl sul-fate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis by matching the molecular weight with peaks on WCX2 chips and was identified as Serum Amyloid A protein(SAA)by MALDI/MS-MS and database searching.It was further validated in the same serum samples by immunoprecipitation with commercial SAA antibody.To confirm the SAA differential expression in lung cancer patients,the same set of serum samples was measured by ELISA assay.The result showed that at the cutoff point 0.446(OD value)on the Receiver Operating Characteristic(ROC)curve,SAA could better discriminate lung cancer from healthy indi-viduals with sensitivity of 84.1%and specificity of 80%.These findings demonstrated that SAA could be characterized as a biomarker related to pathological stages of lung cancer.
