Permeabilities and selectivities of gases such as carbon dioxide （CO2）, sulfur dioxide （SO2）, nitrogen （N2） and methane （CH4） in six imidazolium-based ionic liquids （[emim][BF4], [bmim][BF4], [bmim][PF6], [ba...Permeabilities and selectivities of gases such as carbon dioxide （CO2）, sulfur dioxide （SO2）, nitrogen （N2） and methane （CH4） in six imidazolium-based ionic liquids （[emim][BF4], [bmim][BF4], [bmim][PF6], [banim][BF4], [bmim][Tf2N] and [emim][CF3SO3]） supported on polyethersulfone microfiltration membranes are investigated in a single gas feed system using nitrogen as the environment and reference component at temperature from 25 to 45℃ and pressure of N2 from 100 to 400 kPa. It is found that SO2 has the highest permeability in the tested supported ionic liquid membranes, being an order of magnitude higher than that of CO2, and about 2 to 3 orders of magnitude larger than those of N2 and CH4. The observed selectivity of SO2 over the two ordinary gas components is also striking. It is shown experimentally that the dissolution and transport of gas components in the supported ionic liquid membranes, as well as the nature of ionic liquids play important roles in the gas permeation. A nonlinear increase of permeation rate with temperature and operation pressure is also observed for all sample gases. By considering the factors that influence the permeabilities and selectivities of CO2 and SO2, it is expected to develop an optimal supported ionic liquid membrane technology for the isolation of acidic gases in the near future.展开更多
The activation of HCl by cationic Au in the presence of C2H2 is important for the construction of active Au sites and in acetylene hydrochlorination.Here,we report a strategy for activating HCl by the Au-based support...The activation of HCl by cationic Au in the presence of C2H2 is important for the construction of active Au sites and in acetylene hydrochlorination.Here,we report a strategy for activating HCl by the Au-based supported ionic liquid phase(Au–SILP)technology with the[N(CN)2^–]anion.This strategy enables HCl to accept electrons from[N(CN)2^–]anions in Au–[N(CN)2^–]complexes rather than from pure[Bmim][N(CN)2],leading to notable improvement in both the reaction path and the stability of the catalyst without changing the reaction triggered by acetylene adsorption.Furthermore,the induction period of the Au–SILP catalyst was shown to be absent in the reaction process due to the high Au(III)content in the Au(Ⅲ)/Au(Ⅰ)site and the high substrate diffusion rate in the ionic liquid layer.This work provides a facile method to improve the stability of Au-based catalysts for acetylene hydrochlorination.展开更多
Developing of non-metallic catalyst to replace metal catalyst is a meaningful and challenging direction.In this work,the non-metallic catalyst was synthetized successfully by loading ionic liquid onto the silica surfa...Developing of non-metallic catalyst to replace metal catalyst is a meaningful and challenging direction.In this work,the non-metallic catalyst was synthetized successfully by loading ionic liquid onto the silica surface,which was applied for the gas-phase dehydrochlorination of 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane.The 12%TPPC/SiO2(wt%)showed the best results with the conversion of 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane reaching 100%.The selectivity of 1,1,2-trichloroethylene was 100%,and no deactivation was found during the evaluation period.The catalytic mechanism was investigated and possible reaction route was given,which was a reference for fabricating and design of solid base catalyst.展开更多
The high price and toxicity of ionic liquids(ILs) have limited the design and application of supported ionic liquid membranes(SILMs) for CO_2 separation in both academic and industrial fields. In this work, [Choline][...The high price and toxicity of ionic liquids(ILs) have limited the design and application of supported ionic liquid membranes(SILMs) for CO_2 separation in both academic and industrial fields. In this work, [Choline][Pro]/polyethylene glycol 200(PEG200) mixtures were selected to prepare novel SILMs because of their green and costeffective characterization, and the CO_2/N_2 separation with the prepared SILMs was investigated experimentally at temperatures from 308.15 to 343.15 K. The temperature effect on the permeability, solubility and diffusivity of CO_2 was modeled with the Arrhenius equation. A competitive performance of the prepared SILMs was observed with high CO_2 permeability ranged in 343.3–1798.6 barrer and high CO_2/N_2 selectivity from 7.9 to 34.8.It was also found that the CO_2 permeability increased 3 times by decreasing the viscosity of liquids from 370 to38 m Pa·s. In addition, the inherent mechanism behind the significant permeability enhancement was revealed based on the diffusion-reaction theory, i.e. with the addition of PEG200, the overall resistance was substantially decreased and the SILMs process was switched from diffusion-control to reaction-control.展开更多
This review summarizes the preparation methods of support ionic liquids （SILs） and their applications in rare metals separation The rare metals separation includes the recovery of high value metal ions and the remov...This review summarizes the preparation methods of support ionic liquids （SILs） and their applications in rare metals separation The rare metals separation includes the recovery of high value metal ions and the removal of heavy metal ions from wastewater. SILs can be used as a kind of highly efficient multifunctional separation materials. The preparation methods of SILs include chemical immobilization technique in which ILs moieties are supported on solid supports via covalent bonds and physical immobilization techniques in which ILs are immobilized on solid supports via physical method such as simple im- pregnation, sol-gel method. According to the difference of solid supports, this review summarizes the application of polymer supported ionic liquids （P-SILs）, silica based material supported ionic liquids （SM-SILs） and membrane supported ionic liq- uids （M-SILs） in rare metals separation, P-SILs and SM-SILs prepared by chemical method with N-methylimidazolium group can be used as highly efficient anion exchangers with high thermal stability and good chemical stability for adsorption of Cr（Ⅵ）, Re（Ⅶ）, Ce（Ⅳ）. P-SILs prepared via simple impregnation afforded IL functionalized solvent impregnated resins （SIRs） which showed high separation efficiency and selectivity in the separation of rare earths（Ⅲ） （REs（Ⅲ））. SM-SILs prepared via sol-gel method with IL doped in the support as porogens or extractant show high removal efficiencies and excellent stability for the separation of RE（Ⅲ）, Cr（Ⅲ） and Cr（Ⅵ）. M-SILs with IL as plasticizer or carrier show improved stability, high perme- ability coefficient and good selectivity for Cr（VI） transport. Different supports and different supporting methods were suffi- ciently compared. Based on the different practical application, different forms of SILs can be prepared for separation of rare metals with high separation efficiency and selectivity.展开更多
Supported ionic liquid(IL) catalysts [Cmim]PMoO/Am TiO(amorphous TiO) were synthesized through a one-step method for extraction coupled catalytic oxidative desulfurization(ECODS) system. Characterizations such as FTIR...Supported ionic liquid(IL) catalysts [Cmim]PMoO/Am TiO(amorphous TiO) were synthesized through a one-step method for extraction coupled catalytic oxidative desulfurization(ECODS) system. Characterizations such as FTIR, DRS,wide-angle XRD, Nadsorption–desorption and XPS were applied to analyze the morphology and Keggin structure of the catalysts. In ECODS with hydrogen peroxide as the oxidant, it was found that ILs with longer alkyl chains in the cationic moiety had a better effect on the removal of dibenzothiophene. The desulfurization could reach 100% under optimal conditions, and GC–MS analysis was employed to detect the oxidized product after the reaction. Factors affecting the desulfurization efficiencies were discussed, and a possible mechanism was proposed. In addition, cyclic experiments were also conducted to investigate the recyclability of the supported catalyst. The catalytic activity of [Cmim]PMoO/Am TiOonly dropped from 100% to 92.9% after ten cycles, demonstrating the good recycling performance of the catalyst and its potential industrial application.展开更多
The ionic liquid(IL) 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate treated with radiofrequency plasma is proposed for functionalization and immobilization on polyethersulfone supports to form supported ionic liquid me...The ionic liquid(IL) 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate treated with radiofrequency plasma is proposed for functionalization and immobilization on polyethersulfone supports to form supported ionic liquid membranes for CO_(2) separation.The effects of treatment time and transmembrane pressure difference on CO_(2) permeance were evaluated.The best gas permeation performance was obtained with a treatment time of 10 min and the transmembrane pressure difference was 0.25 MPa.Characterization of the materials by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy demonstrates that the IL is grafted with carboxyl groups and deprotonated through plasma treatment.A preliminary mechanism for the plasma treatment and facilitated transport of CO_(2)has been proposed on this basis.展开更多
Acidic ionic liquid([BsAIm][OTf]) was immobilized on sulfhydryl-group-modified SiO2(MPS-SiO2) via free radical addition reaction. The[BsAIm][OTf] loading on acidic ionic liquid-functionalized silica([BsAIm][OTf]/SiO2)...Acidic ionic liquid([BsAIm][OTf]) was immobilized on sulfhydryl-group-modified SiO2(MPS-SiO2) via free radical addition reaction. The[BsAIm][OTf] loading on acidic ionic liquid-functionalized silica([BsAIm][OTf]/SiO2) was controlled through tuning the sulfydryl(SH)content of MPS-SiO2. All the samples were characterized by FT-IR, elemental analysis, N2adsorption-desorption measurements and TGDTA. The catalytic performance of [BsAIm][OTf]/SiO2in the esterification of oleic acid and the transesterification of glycerol trioleate for biodiesel production was investigated. The results showed that with the increase of [BsAIm][OTf] loading on SiO2the specific surface area and pore volume of [BsAIm][OTf]/SiO2decreased, and the pore diameter of [BsAIm][OTf]/SiO2narrowed. In the esterificaiton of oleic acid, the oleic acid conversion increased with the increasing [BsAIm][OTf] loading. In the transesterification of glycerol trioleate, with the increasing[BsAIm][OTf] loading the glycerol trioleate conversion decreased and the selectivities to glycerol monooleate and methyl oleate increased.展开更多
The interest in ionic liquids(IL) is motivated by its unique properties, such as negligible vapor pressure, thermal stability, wide electrochemical stability window, and tunability of properties. ILs have been highlig...The interest in ionic liquids(IL) is motivated by its unique properties, such as negligible vapor pressure, thermal stability, wide electrochemical stability window, and tunability of properties. ILs have been highlighted as solvents for liquid-liquid extraction and liquid membrane separation. To further expand its application in separation field, the ionic liquid membranes(ILMs) and its separation technology have been proposed and developed rapidly. This paper is to give a comprehensive overview on the recent applications of ILMs for the separation of various compounds, including organic compounds, mixed gases, and metal ions. Firstly, ILMs was classified into supported ionic liquid membranes(SILMs) and quasi-solidified ionic liquid membranes(QSILMs) according to the immobilization method of ILs. Then, preparation methods of ILMs, membrane stability as well as applications of ILMs in the separation of various mixtures were reviewed. Followed this, transport mechanisms of gaseous mixtures and organic compounds were elucidated in order to better understand the separation process of ILMs. This tutorial review intends to not only offer an overview on the development of ILMs but also provide a guide for ILMs preparations and applications.展开更多
The copolymerization of CO and styrene catalyzed by Pd/C toward the formation of polyketones （PK）was studied in the N-valeronitrile-N＆#39;-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate （[C4CNmim]＋PF6-） medium. The synth...The copolymerization of CO and styrene catalyzed by Pd/C toward the formation of polyketones （PK）was studied in the N-valeronitrile-N＆#39;-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate （[C4CNmim]＋PF6-） medium. The synthe-sized PK was characterized by Fourier transform infrared（FTIR）, elemental analysis, 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance （13C-NMR）, differential scanning calorimetry （DSC）, thermogravimetric analysis （TGA） and gel permeation chro-matography （GPC）. The supported ionic liquid film on the surface of Pd/C catalyst can prevent the products from covering the hole of active carbon due to its chemical stability and weak coordination ability with metal ions, and thus efficiently improve the catalytic activity. The effects of different amounts of ionic liquid on the catalytic activity and reusability of the catalyst and the molecular weight of PK were discussed. When the usage of ionic liquid is 10wt%（0.1 g ionic liquid/1 g active carbon carrier） and the theoretical content of Pd2＋is 5wt%（0.05 g Pd2＋/1 g active car-bon carrier）, the highest catalytic activity 2 963.64 gSTCO/（gPd＆#183;h） is achieved with the molecular weight and polydispersity index of PK as Mn=9 684, Mw=13 452 and Mw/Mn=1.389.展开更多
We report a novel P-directing effect of imidazolium based ionic liquid,which was observed when we conducted the glycosylation of a 6-O-acetyl-2,3,4-tri-O-benzyl-mannose trichloroacetimidate donor with a modified ionic...We report a novel P-directing effect of imidazolium based ionic liquid,which was observed when we conducted the glycosylation of a 6-O-acetyl-2,3,4-tri-O-benzyl-mannose trichloroacetimidate donor with a modified ionic liquid support acceptor. The mechanism was investigated and a hypothesis was proposed.After optimization of the reaction conditions,an innovative method for the selective construction of 1,2-cis-β-D-mannopyranosyl linkage was developed.展开更多
A low cost,rapid and sensitive preparation method of silica gel supported ionic liquid(SGSIL)combined with matrix solid phase dispersion(MSPD)followed by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)with ultraviolet de...A low cost,rapid and sensitive preparation method of silica gel supported ionic liquid(SGSIL)combined with matrix solid phase dispersion(MSPD)followed by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)with ultraviolet detection(UV)is proposed,and it was applied to determine the seven active compounds in Salvia Miltiorrhiza herb.SGSIL and ionic liquid[BMIM]BF4 were used as the adsorbent and the green elution reagent in the MSPD procedure.Several extraction conditions including type of filler and elution solvent,the volume of elution solvent,material liquid ratio were optimized.Under the optimum conditions,the SGSIL-MSPD-HPLC method showed a low limit of detection(LOD,S/N=3)of 0.0122-0.8788μg/mL for standard solution,limit of quantification(LOQ,S/N=10)of 0.0406-2.9292μg/mL for standard solution,wide linear range from 1.56 to 2000μg/mL for all compounds for standard solution,correlation coefficients(r)of more than 0.9990,acceptable reproducibility(relative standard deviations,RSDs<3.54%),and precision of RSDs<3.36%for intra-day,RSDs<3.50%for inter-day.The satisfactory recoveries ranged from 96.4 to 102.5,with RSDs less than 3.45%.The developed SGSIL-MSPD method is easier and more suitable for the determination of the seven active compounds in Salvia Miltiorrhiza herb than the traditional ultrasonic extraction.It was an effective and efficient method for the extraction and quantification of the seven active compounds in traditional Chinese herbal samples.展开更多
A novel and effective protocol has been developed for the Ullmann-type C--N coupling reaction catalyzed by calix[4]arene supported amino acid ionic liquid and copper（I） iodide in water under microwave irradiation co...A novel and effective protocol has been developed for the Ullmann-type C--N coupling reaction catalyzed by calix[4]arene supported amino acid ionic liquid and copper（I） iodide in water under microwave irradiation condition The protocol uses ealix[4]arene supported amino acid ionic liquid as double function of the ligand and phase-transfer catalyst, and shows good tolerance in good to excellent yields.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （20776065）, the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province （BK2008023）, and the National Found for Fostering Talents of Basic Science 00630425）.
文摘Permeabilities and selectivities of gases such as carbon dioxide （CO2）, sulfur dioxide （SO2）, nitrogen （N2） and methane （CH4） in six imidazolium-based ionic liquids （[emim][BF4], [bmim][BF4], [bmim][PF6], [banim][BF4], [bmim][Tf2N] and [emim][CF3SO3]） supported on polyethersulfone microfiltration membranes are investigated in a single gas feed system using nitrogen as the environment and reference component at temperature from 25 to 45℃ and pressure of N2 from 100 to 400 kPa. It is found that SO2 has the highest permeability in the tested supported ionic liquid membranes, being an order of magnitude higher than that of CO2, and about 2 to 3 orders of magnitude larger than those of N2 and CH4. The observed selectivity of SO2 over the two ordinary gas components is also striking. It is shown experimentally that the dissolution and transport of gas components in the supported ionic liquid membranes, as well as the nature of ionic liquids play important roles in the gas permeation. A nonlinear increase of permeation rate with temperature and operation pressure is also observed for all sample gases. By considering the factors that influence the permeabilities and selectivities of CO2 and SO2, it is expected to develop an optimal supported ionic liquid membrane technology for the isolation of acidic gases in the near future.
文摘The activation of HCl by cationic Au in the presence of C2H2 is important for the construction of active Au sites and in acetylene hydrochlorination.Here,we report a strategy for activating HCl by the Au-based supported ionic liquid phase(Au–SILP)technology with the[N(CN)2^–]anion.This strategy enables HCl to accept electrons from[N(CN)2^–]anions in Au–[N(CN)2^–]complexes rather than from pure[Bmim][N(CN)2],leading to notable improvement in both the reaction path and the stability of the catalyst without changing the reaction triggered by acetylene adsorption.Furthermore,the induction period of the Au–SILP catalyst was shown to be absent in the reaction process due to the high Au(III)content in the Au(Ⅲ)/Au(Ⅰ)site and the high substrate diffusion rate in the ionic liquid layer.This work provides a facile method to improve the stability of Au-based catalysts for acetylene hydrochlorination.
基金financed by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC-21476207,91534114,21776256)。
文摘Developing of non-metallic catalyst to replace metal catalyst is a meaningful and challenging direction.In this work,the non-metallic catalyst was synthetized successfully by loading ionic liquid onto the silica surface,which was applied for the gas-phase dehydrochlorination of 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane.The 12%TPPC/SiO2(wt%)showed the best results with the conversion of 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane reaching 100%.The selectivity of 1,1,2-trichloroethylene was 100%,and no deactivation was found during the evaluation period.The catalytic mechanism was investigated and possible reaction route was given,which was a reference for fabricating and design of solid base catalyst.
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(2013CB733501)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21136004,21176112,21476106,and21428601)+1 种基金Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education(No.20133221110001)the Project of Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)
文摘The high price and toxicity of ionic liquids(ILs) have limited the design and application of supported ionic liquid membranes(SILMs) for CO_2 separation in both academic and industrial fields. In this work, [Choline][Pro]/polyethylene glycol 200(PEG200) mixtures were selected to prepare novel SILMs because of their green and costeffective characterization, and the CO_2/N_2 separation with the prepared SILMs was investigated experimentally at temperatures from 308.15 to 343.15 K. The temperature effect on the permeability, solubility and diffusivity of CO_2 was modeled with the Arrhenius equation. A competitive performance of the prepared SILMs was observed with high CO_2 permeability ranged in 343.3–1798.6 barrer and high CO_2/N_2 selectivity from 7.9 to 34.8.It was also found that the CO_2 permeability increased 3 times by decreasing the viscosity of liquids from 370 to38 m Pa·s. In addition, the inherent mechanism behind the significant permeability enhancement was revealed based on the diffusion-reaction theory, i.e. with the addition of PEG200, the overall resistance was substantially decreased and the SILMs process was switched from diffusion-control to reaction-control.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51174184)National Basic Research Program of China(2012CBA01202)SRF for ROCS, Ministry of Education of China
文摘This review summarizes the preparation methods of support ionic liquids （SILs） and their applications in rare metals separation The rare metals separation includes the recovery of high value metal ions and the removal of heavy metal ions from wastewater. SILs can be used as a kind of highly efficient multifunctional separation materials. The preparation methods of SILs include chemical immobilization technique in which ILs moieties are supported on solid supports via covalent bonds and physical immobilization techniques in which ILs are immobilized on solid supports via physical method such as simple im- pregnation, sol-gel method. According to the difference of solid supports, this review summarizes the application of polymer supported ionic liquids （P-SILs）, silica based material supported ionic liquids （SM-SILs） and membrane supported ionic liq- uids （M-SILs） in rare metals separation, P-SILs and SM-SILs prepared by chemical method with N-methylimidazolium group can be used as highly efficient anion exchangers with high thermal stability and good chemical stability for adsorption of Cr（Ⅵ）, Re（Ⅶ）, Ce（Ⅳ）. P-SILs prepared via simple impregnation afforded IL functionalized solvent impregnated resins （SIRs） which showed high separation efficiency and selectivity in the separation of rare earths（Ⅲ） （REs（Ⅲ））. SM-SILs prepared via sol-gel method with IL doped in the support as porogens or extractant show high removal efficiencies and excellent stability for the separation of RE（Ⅲ）, Cr（Ⅲ） and Cr（Ⅵ）. M-SILs with IL as plasticizer or carrier show improved stability, high perme- ability coefficient and good selectivity for Cr（VI） transport. Different supports and different supporting methods were suffi- ciently compared. Based on the different practical application, different forms of SILs can be prepared for separation of rare metals with high separation efficiency and selectivity.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21576122, 21646001, 21506080)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Nos. BK20150485, BK20170528)+2 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2017M611727)Jiangsu Planned Projects for Postdoctoral Research Funds (1701104B)supported by the Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program (201810299332 W)
文摘Supported ionic liquid(IL) catalysts [Cmim]PMoO/Am TiO(amorphous TiO) were synthesized through a one-step method for extraction coupled catalytic oxidative desulfurization(ECODS) system. Characterizations such as FTIR, DRS,wide-angle XRD, Nadsorption–desorption and XPS were applied to analyze the morphology and Keggin structure of the catalysts. In ECODS with hydrogen peroxide as the oxidant, it was found that ILs with longer alkyl chains in the cationic moiety had a better effect on the removal of dibenzothiophene. The desulfurization could reach 100% under optimal conditions, and GC–MS analysis was employed to detect the oxidized product after the reaction. Factors affecting the desulfurization efficiencies were discussed, and a possible mechanism was proposed. In addition, cyclic experiments were also conducted to investigate the recyclability of the supported catalyst. The catalytic activity of [Cmim]PMoO/Am TiOonly dropped from 100% to 92.9% after ten cycles, demonstrating the good recycling performance of the catalyst and its potential industrial application.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China ‘Intergovernmental International Scientific and Technological Innovation Cooperation’ (No. 2019YFE0122100)。
文摘The ionic liquid(IL) 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate treated with radiofrequency plasma is proposed for functionalization and immobilization on polyethersulfone supports to form supported ionic liquid membranes for CO_(2) separation.The effects of treatment time and transmembrane pressure difference on CO_(2) permeance were evaluated.The best gas permeation performance was obtained with a treatment time of 10 min and the transmembrane pressure difference was 0.25 MPa.Characterization of the materials by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy demonstrates that the IL is grafted with carboxyl groups and deprotonated through plasma treatment.A preliminary mechanism for the plasma treatment and facilitated transport of CO_(2)has been proposed on this basis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20706006 and 20976013)
文摘Acidic ionic liquid([BsAIm][OTf]) was immobilized on sulfhydryl-group-modified SiO2(MPS-SiO2) via free radical addition reaction. The[BsAIm][OTf] loading on acidic ionic liquid-functionalized silica([BsAIm][OTf]/SiO2) was controlled through tuning the sulfydryl(SH)content of MPS-SiO2. All the samples were characterized by FT-IR, elemental analysis, N2adsorption-desorption measurements and TGDTA. The catalytic performance of [BsAIm][OTf]/SiO2in the esterification of oleic acid and the transesterification of glycerol trioleate for biodiesel production was investigated. The results showed that with the increase of [BsAIm][OTf] loading on SiO2the specific surface area and pore volume of [BsAIm][OTf]/SiO2decreased, and the pore diameter of [BsAIm][OTf]/SiO2narrowed. In the esterificaiton of oleic acid, the oleic acid conversion increased with the increasing [BsAIm][OTf] loading. In the transesterification of glycerol trioleate, with the increasing[BsAIm][OTf] loading the glycerol trioleate conversion decreased and the selectivities to glycerol monooleate and methyl oleate increased.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21406235 and U1407111)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program,2014AA021006)
文摘The interest in ionic liquids(IL) is motivated by its unique properties, such as negligible vapor pressure, thermal stability, wide electrochemical stability window, and tunability of properties. ILs have been highlighted as solvents for liquid-liquid extraction and liquid membrane separation. To further expand its application in separation field, the ionic liquid membranes(ILMs) and its separation technology have been proposed and developed rapidly. This paper is to give a comprehensive overview on the recent applications of ILMs for the separation of various compounds, including organic compounds, mixed gases, and metal ions. Firstly, ILMs was classified into supported ionic liquid membranes(SILMs) and quasi-solidified ionic liquid membranes(QSILMs) according to the immobilization method of ILs. Then, preparation methods of ILMs, membrane stability as well as applications of ILMs in the separation of various mixtures were reviewed. Followed this, transport mechanisms of gaseous mixtures and organic compounds were elucidated in order to better understand the separation process of ILMs. This tutorial review intends to not only offer an overview on the development of ILMs but also provide a guide for ILMs preparations and applications.
基金Supported by the Tianjin Natural Science Foundation(No.07JCYBJC00600)
文摘The copolymerization of CO and styrene catalyzed by Pd/C toward the formation of polyketones （PK）was studied in the N-valeronitrile-N＆#39;-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate （[C4CNmim]＋PF6-） medium. The synthe-sized PK was characterized by Fourier transform infrared（FTIR）, elemental analysis, 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance （13C-NMR）, differential scanning calorimetry （DSC）, thermogravimetric analysis （TGA） and gel permeation chro-matography （GPC）. The supported ionic liquid film on the surface of Pd/C catalyst can prevent the products from covering the hole of active carbon due to its chemical stability and weak coordination ability with metal ions, and thus efficiently improve the catalytic activity. The effects of different amounts of ionic liquid on the catalytic activity and reusability of the catalyst and the molecular weight of PK were discussed. When the usage of ionic liquid is 10wt%（0.1 g ionic liquid/1 g active carbon carrier） and the theoretical content of Pd2＋is 5wt%（0.05 g Pd2＋/1 g active car-bon carrier）, the highest catalytic activity 2 963.64 gSTCO/（gPd＆#183;h） is achieved with the molecular weight and polydispersity index of PK as Mn=9 684, Mw=13 452 and Mw/Mn=1.389.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.20732001) the State New Drug Innovation(the Ministry of Science and Technology of China,Grant No. 2009ZX09501-011)
文摘We report a novel P-directing effect of imidazolium based ionic liquid,which was observed when we conducted the glycosylation of a 6-O-acetyl-2,3,4-tri-O-benzyl-mannose trichloroacetimidate donor with a modified ionic liquid support acceptor. The mechanism was investigated and a hypothesis was proposed.After optimization of the reaction conditions,an innovative method for the selective construction of 1,2-cis-β-D-mannopyranosyl linkage was developed.
基金This research was supported by Special Research Fund for Young Doctors of Qiqihar Medical University(QMSI2020B-03,hosted by Wenjing Li).
文摘A low cost,rapid and sensitive preparation method of silica gel supported ionic liquid(SGSIL)combined with matrix solid phase dispersion(MSPD)followed by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)with ultraviolet detection(UV)is proposed,and it was applied to determine the seven active compounds in Salvia Miltiorrhiza herb.SGSIL and ionic liquid[BMIM]BF4 were used as the adsorbent and the green elution reagent in the MSPD procedure.Several extraction conditions including type of filler and elution solvent,the volume of elution solvent,material liquid ratio were optimized.Under the optimum conditions,the SGSIL-MSPD-HPLC method showed a low limit of detection(LOD,S/N=3)of 0.0122-0.8788μg/mL for standard solution,limit of quantification(LOQ,S/N=10)of 0.0406-2.9292μg/mL for standard solution,wide linear range from 1.56 to 2000μg/mL for all compounds for standard solution,correlation coefficients(r)of more than 0.9990,acceptable reproducibility(relative standard deviations,RSDs<3.54%),and precision of RSDs<3.36%for intra-day,RSDs<3.50%for inter-day.The satisfactory recoveries ranged from 96.4 to 102.5,with RSDs less than 3.45%.The developed SGSIL-MSPD method is easier and more suitable for the determination of the seven active compounds in Salvia Miltiorrhiza herb than the traditional ultrasonic extraction.It was an effective and efficient method for the extraction and quantification of the seven active compounds in traditional Chinese herbal samples.
基金We gratefully acknowledge financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 21176222）.
文摘A novel and effective protocol has been developed for the Ullmann-type C--N coupling reaction catalyzed by calix[4]arene supported amino acid ionic liquid and copper（I） iodide in water under microwave irradiation condition The protocol uses ealix[4]arene supported amino acid ionic liquid as double function of the ligand and phase-transfer catalyst, and shows good tolerance in good to excellent yields.
