This paper studies the coupling mechanism between the nonlinear stiffness and damping coefficients of Active Elastic Support/Dry Friction Damper(AESDFD)and rotor system.First,parameters for evaluating the vibration re...This paper studies the coupling mechanism between the nonlinear stiffness and damping coefficients of Active Elastic Support/Dry Friction Damper(AESDFD)and rotor system.First,parameters for evaluating the vibration reduction characteristics are proposed to facilitate the design of the AESDFD.To achieve this,the nonlinear friction force is initially represented as equivalent stiffness and damping coefficients,based on the ball-plate friction model.Second,three evaluation parameters—optimal slipping displacement,loss factor,and controllability—are proposed to reveal the vibration reduction characteristics of the AESDFD,alongside determining the optimal normal force.Subsequently,the finite element method,in conjunction with the ball-plate friction model,is introduced to formulate the governing equation of a low-pressure rotor system equipped with AESDFDs.The steady-state responses of the AESDFDs-rotor system are solved using the harmonic balance method combined with an efficient iteration method.Finally,the solutions are validated on the AESDFDs-rotor system both numerically and experimentally.The results indicate that controllability effectively assesses the vibration reduction performance of the AESDFD and is relatively insensitive to variations in low normal force.Away from the critical speed,the AESDFD suppresses vibration by altering the resonance position of the rotor system through its stiffness coefficient.Near the critical speed,vibration reduction is achieved primarily through energy dissipation by the damping coefficient.If the loss factor is less than one,the stiffness coefficient can diminish the vibration reduction effect of the damping coefficient.Notably,the optimal normal force of the AESDFD achieves optimal vibration reduction effect.This study reveals that changes in rotor system unbalance do not affect the vibration reduction characteristics of the AESDFD,with the same upper limit to the vibration reduction effect of the AESDFD.展开更多
The elastic support/dry friction damper is a type of damper which is used for active vibration control in a rotor system.To establish the analytical model of this type of damper,a two-dimensional friction model-ball/p...The elastic support/dry friction damper is a type of damper which is used for active vibration control in a rotor system.To establish the analytical model of this type of damper,a two-dimensional friction model-ball/plate model was proposed.By using this ball/plate model,a dynamics model of rotor with elastic support/dry friction dampers was established and experimentally verified.Moreover,the damping performance of the elastic support/dry friction damper was studied numerically with respect to some variable parameters.The numerical study shows that the damping performance of the elastic support/dry friction damper is closely related to the stiffness distribution of the rotor-support system,the damper location,the pressing force between the moving and stationary disk,the friction coefficient,the tangential contact stiffness of the contact interface,and the stiffness of the stationary disk.In general,the damper should be located on an elastic support which has a large vibration amplitude in order to achieve a better damping performance,and the more vibration energy in this elastic support concentrates,the better performance of the damper will be.The larger the tangential contact stiffness of the contact interface,and the stiffness of the stationary disk are,the better performance of the damper will be.There will be an optimal value of the friction force at which the damper performs best.展开更多
CeO_(2) based semiconductor are widely used in solar-driven photothermal catalytic dry reforming of methane(DRM)reaction,but still suffer from low activity and low light utilization efficiency.This study developed gra...CeO_(2) based semiconductor are widely used in solar-driven photothermal catalytic dry reforming of methane(DRM)reaction,but still suffer from low activity and low light utilization efficiency.This study developed graphite-CeO_(2) interfaces to enhance solar-driven photothermal catalytic DRM.Compared with carbon nanotubes-modified CeO_(2)(CeO_(2)-CNT),graphite-modified CeO_(2)(CeO_(2)-GRA)constructed graphite-CeO_(2) interfaces with distortion in CeO_(2),leading to the formation abundant oxygen vacancies.These graphite-CeO_(2) interfaces with oxygen vacancies enhanced optical absorption and promoted the generation and separation of photogenerated carriers.The high endothermic capacity of graphite elevated the catalyst surface temperature from 592.1−691.3℃,boosting light-to-thermal conversion.The synergy between photogenerated carriers and localized heat enabled Ni/CeO_(2)-GRA to achieve a CO production rate of 9985.6 mmol/(g·h)(vs 7192.4 mmol/(g·h)for Ni/CeO_(2))and a light-to-fuel efficiency of 21.8%(vs 13.8%for Ni/CeO_(2)).This work provides insights for designing graphite-semiconductor interfaces to advance photothermal catalytic efficiency.展开更多
In today's fast-paced modern life, whether for fitness training, outdoor adventures, or daily commutes, we all yearn for quick-dry apparel that can rapidly wick away moisture and keep our bodies dry and comfortabl...In today's fast-paced modern life, whether for fitness training, outdoor adventures, or daily commutes, we all yearn for quick-dry apparel that can rapidly wick away moisture and keep our bodies dry and comfortable. As a standout in functional textiles, quick-dry fabrics are becoming the top choice for more and more people, thanks to their exceptional moisture-wicking performance and rapid drying capabilities.展开更多
This study presents an AI-driven Spatial Decision Support System (SDSS) aimed at transforming groundwater suitability assessments for domestic and irrigation uses in Visakhapatnam District, Andhra Pradesh, India. By e...This study presents an AI-driven Spatial Decision Support System (SDSS) aimed at transforming groundwater suitability assessments for domestic and irrigation uses in Visakhapatnam District, Andhra Pradesh, India. By employing advanced remote sensing, GIS, and machine learning techniques, groundwater quality data from 50 monitoring wells, sourced from the Central Ground Water Board (CGWB), was meticulously analysed. Key parameters, including pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, and major ion concentrations, were evaluated against World Health Organization (WHO) standards to determine domestic suitability. For irrigation, advanced metrics such as Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), Kelly’s Ratio, Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC), and percentage sodium (% Na) were utilized to assess water quality. The integration of GIS for spatial mapping and AI models for predictive analytics allows for a comprehensive visualization of groundwater quality distribution across the district. Additionally, the irrigation water quality was evaluated using the USA Salinity Laboratory diagram, providing essential insights for effective agricultural water management. This innovative SDSS framework promises to significantly enhance groundwater resource management, fostering sustainable practices for both domestic use and agriculture in the region.展开更多
Ni-based catalysts hold great potential in the light-driven dry reforming of methane(DRM)for syngas production due to their low cost and comparable catalytic performance to conventional noble-metal catalysts.However,t...Ni-based catalysts hold great potential in the light-driven dry reforming of methane(DRM)for syngas production due to their low cost and comparable catalytic performance to conventional noble-metal catalysts.However,the currently available Ni-based catalysts are confronted with low light-driven DRM efficiency and poor stability attributed to the coking.Herein,an atomically dispersed Ni-loaded CeO_(2)(Ni/CeO_(2))for light-drivenDRMis prepared by employing a polyol-mediated doping method to allow the high loading concentration of Ni on the CeO_(2),which overcomes the conventional atomically dispersed metal problem of low loading content.The atomically dispersed nature of the Ni can induce enormous CH4 activation sites for the reaction and photothermal effects for driving the reaction,while the CeO_(2) can facilitateCO_(2) activation.Therefore,the optimized atomically dispersed Ni-loaded CeO_(2) demonstrates an excellent light-drivenDRMperformance forH_(2)(626.5 mmol gcat^(-1) h^(-1))and CO(728.5 mmol gcat^(-1) h^(-1))production.More importantly,the optimized sample sustains its DRM performance after 100 h of continuous test,and such excellent stability of the presence of enormous Ni–O pairs can prevent the rapid conversion of CH_(x) intermediates into coke.This work demonstrates the meticulous design of non-noble metal catalysts for the lightdriven DRM with both high performance and stability.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the association between active corneal epithelial dendritic cells(CEDCs)and ocular pain in patients with dry eye disease(DED).METHODS:This cross-sectional study enrolled 67 DED patients,who were div...AIM:To investigate the association between active corneal epithelial dendritic cells(CEDCs)and ocular pain in patients with dry eye disease(DED).METHODS:This cross-sectional study enrolled 67 DED patients,who were divided into two groups based on numerical rating scale(NRS)scores:the mild pain group(n=44)and the moderate-to-severe pain group(n=23).In vivo confocal microscopy(IVCM)was used to image the subbasal layer of the central cornea.Corneal nerve characteristics were analyzed using ACCMetrics software,while CEDCs were quantified manually with Image J software.Regression and correlation analyses were performed to assess the impact of active CEDCs on ocular pain.Additionally,the Luminex method was employed to compare the concentrations of inflammation-related cytokines in tears between patients with≥2 CEDCs and those with<2 CEDCs.Differences in cytokine levels between the two groups were analyzed using Student’s t-test.RESULTS:The study included 44 eyes of 44 patients with mild ocular pain(12 males and 32 females)and 23 eyes of 23 patients with moderate-to-severe ocular pain(3 males and 20 females).The mean age was 36.2±13.5y in the mild pain group and 39.7±12.4y in the moderate to severe pain group.There were no significant differences in age or sex between the two groups(P=0.30;P=0.19).Multivariable regression analysis showed that older age[odds ratio(OR)=1.05,95%confidence interval(CI)1.00–1.11]and a higher number of CEDCs(OR=1.80,95%CI 1.17–2.76)were associated with ocular pain.Patients with≥2 CEDCs had significantly higher tear concentrations of interleukin(IL)-6(P<0.05),IL-8(P<0.05),and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α(P<0.05)compared to those with<2 active CEDCs.CONCLUSION:The findings suggest that infiltrating CEDCs in the corneal subbasal layer are a potential risk factor for ocular pain in DED.展开更多
Developing cost-effective and high-performance catalyst systems for dry reforming of methane(DRM)is crucial for producing hydrogen(H_(2))sustainably.Herein,we investigate using iron(Fe)as a promoter and major alumina ...Developing cost-effective and high-performance catalyst systems for dry reforming of methane(DRM)is crucial for producing hydrogen(H_(2))sustainably.Herein,we investigate using iron(Fe)as a promoter and major alumina support in Ni-based catalysts to improve their DRM performance.The addition of iron as a promotor was found to add reducible iron species along with reducible NiO species,enhance the basicity and induce the deposition of oxidizable carbon.By incorporating 1 wt.%Fe into a 5Ni/10ZrAl catalyst,a higher CO_(2) interaction and formation of reducible"NiO-species having strong interaction with support"was observed,which led to an∼80%H_(2) yield in 420 min of Time on Stream(TOS).Further increasing the Fe content to 2 wt.%led to the formation of additional reducible iron oxide species and a noticeable rise in H_(2) yield up to 84%.Despite the severe weight loss on Fe-promoted catalysts,high H_(2) yield was maintained due to the proper balance between the rate of CH_(4) decomposition and the rate of carbon deposit diffusion.Finally,incorporating 3 wt.%Fe into the 5Ni/10ZrAl catalyst resulted in the highest CO_(2) interaction,wide presence of reducible NiO-species,minimumgraphitic deposit and an 87%H_(2) yield.Our findings suggest that ironpromoted zirconia-alumina-supported Ni catalysts can be a cheap and excellent catalytic system for H_(2) production via DRM.展开更多
This study explores the thin-layer convective solar drying of Marrubium vulgare L.leaves under conditions typical of sun-rich semi-arid climates.Drying experiments were conducted at three inlet-air temperatures(40℃,5...This study explores the thin-layer convective solar drying of Marrubium vulgare L.leaves under conditions typical of sun-rich semi-arid climates.Drying experiments were conducted at three inlet-air temperatures(40℃,50℃,60℃)and two air velocities(1.5 and 2.5 m·s^(-1))using an indirect solar dryer with auxiliary temperature control.Moisture-ratio data were fitted with eight widely used thin-layer models and evaluated using correlation coefficient(r),root-mean-square error(RMSE),and Akaike information criterion(AIC).A complementary heattransfer analysis based on Reynolds and Prandtl numbers with appropriate Nusselt correlations was used to relate flow regime to drying performance,and an energy balance quantified the relative contributions of solar and auxiliary heat.The logarithmic model consistently achieved the lowest RMSE/AIC with r>0.99 across all conditions.Higher temperature and air velocity significantly reduced drying time during the decreasing-rate period,with no constantrate stage observed.On average,solar input supplied the large majority of the thermal demand,while the auxiliary heater compensated short irradiance drops to maintain setpoints.These findings provide a reproducible dataset and a modelling benchmark for M.vulgare leaves,and they support energy-aware design of hybrid solar dryers formedicinal plants in sun-rich regions.展开更多
BACKGROUND Dry eye disease(DED)is a multifactorial ocular surface disorder with rising prevalence.It is closely related to systemic health and psychological factors,such as sleep and mood disorders,which significantly...BACKGROUND Dry eye disease(DED)is a multifactorial ocular surface disorder with rising prevalence.It is closely related to systemic health and psychological factors,such as sleep and mood disorders,which significantly impact the quality of life of patients.AIM To explore the correlations between ocular surface function,sleep quality,and anxiety/depression in patients with DED.METHODS This was a cross-sectional investigative study that included 358 patients with DED between January 2022 and January 2025.Ocular surface was assessed using the ocular surface disease index(OSDI),tear film break-up time,fluorescein staining score,and Schirmer I test.The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI),Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),and Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS)were used to evaluate sleep quality and anxiety/depression levels.Correlation and linear regression analyses were used to explore the relationships.RESULTS The mean PSQI score of the patients was 9.94±2.18;the mean SAS score was 47.30±4.90,and the mean SDS score was 50.08±5.52.These suggested a prevalence of sleep and psychological abnormalities.There was a significant correlation between the indicators of ocular surface function(OSDI,tear film break-up time,fluorescein staining,and Schirmer I test)and PSQI,SAS,and SDS scores(P<0.05).Moreover,multiple regression revealed that age≥50 years(β=1.55,P=0.029),PSQI scores(β=0.58,P<0.001),SAS scores(β=0.17,P=0.017),and SDS scores(β=0.15,P=0.019)were independent predictors of the OSDI scores.CONCLUSION Ocular surface function in patients with DED is closely related to sleep quality and anxiety/depression,emphasizing the need for holistic clinical management.展开更多
BACKGROUND Orthopaedic surgical education has traditionally depended on the apprenticeship model of“see one,do one,teach one”.However,reduced operative exposure,stricter work-hour regulations,medicolegal constraints...BACKGROUND Orthopaedic surgical education has traditionally depended on the apprenticeship model of“see one,do one,teach one”.However,reduced operative exposure,stricter work-hour regulations,medicolegal constraints,and patient safety concerns have constrained its practicality.Simulation-based training has become a reliable,safe,and cost-efficient alternative.Dry lab techniques,especially virtual and augmented reality,make up 78%of current dry lab research,whereas wet labs still set the standard for anatomical realism.AIM To evaluate the effectiveness,limitations,and future directions of wet and dry lab simulation in orthopaedic training.METHODS A scoping review was carried out across four databases-PubMed,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,and EBSCOhost-up to 2025.Medical Subject Headings included:"Orthopaedic Education","Wet Lab","Dry Lab","Simulation Training","Virtual Reality",and"Surgical Procedure".Eligible studies focused on orthopaedic or spinal surgical education,employed wet or dry lab techniques,and assessed training effectiveness.Exclusion criteria consisted of non-English publications,abstracts only,non-orthopaedic research,and studies unrelated to simulation.Two reviewers independently screened titles,abstracts,and full texts,resolving discrepancies with a third reviewer.RESULTS From 1851 records,101 studies met inclusion:78 on dry labs,7 on wet labs,4 on both.Virtual reality(VR)simulations were most common,with AI increasingly used for feedback and assessment.Cadaveric training remains the gold standard for accuracy and tactile feedback,while dry labs-especially VR-offer scalability,lower cost(40%-60%savings in five studies),and accessibility for novices.Senior residents prefer wet labs for complex tasks;juniors favour dry labs for basics.Challenges include limited transferability data,lack of standard outcome metrics,and ethical concerns about cadaver use and AI assessment.CONCLUSION Wet and dry labs each have unique strengths in orthopaedic training.A hybrid approach combining both,supported by standardised assessments and outcome studies,is most effective.Future efforts should aim for uniform reporting,integrating new technologies,and policy support for hybrid curricula to enhance skills and patient care.展开更多
Andrew Wangota,a 48-year-old Ugandan farmer,has been using agrivoltaics technology,a solar technology that uses agricultural land for both food production and solar power generation,on his farm in Bunashimolo Parish,B...Andrew Wangota,a 48-year-old Ugandan farmer,has been using agrivoltaics technology,a solar technology that uses agricultural land for both food production and solar power generation,on his farm in Bunashimolo Parish,Bukyiende Subcounty in Uganda where he has been cultivating plantain,coffee and Irish potatoes for the past 16 years.展开更多
Parkinson’s disease(PD)is a debilitating neurological disorder affecting over 10 million people worldwide.PD classification models using voice signals as input are common in the literature.It is believed that using d...Parkinson’s disease(PD)is a debilitating neurological disorder affecting over 10 million people worldwide.PD classification models using voice signals as input are common in the literature.It is believed that using deep learning algorithms further enhances performance;nevertheless,it is challenging due to the nature of small-scale and imbalanced PD datasets.This paper proposed a convolutional neural network-based deep support vector machine(CNN-DSVM)to automate the feature extraction process using CNN and extend the conventional SVM to a DSVM for better classification performance in small-scale PD datasets.A customized kernel function reduces the impact of biased classification towards the majority class(healthy candidates in our consideration).An improved generative adversarial network(IGAN)was designed to generate additional training data to enhance the model’s performance.For performance evaluation,the proposed algorithm achieves a sensitivity of 97.6%and a specificity of 97.3%.The performance comparison is evaluated from five perspectives,including comparisons with different data generation algorithms,feature extraction techniques,kernel functions,and existing works.Results reveal the effectiveness of the IGAN algorithm,which improves the sensitivity and specificity by 4.05%–4.72%and 4.96%–5.86%,respectively;and the effectiveness of the CNN-DSVM algorithm,which improves the sensitivity by 1.24%–57.4%and specificity by 1.04%–163%and reduces biased detection towards the majority class.The ablation experiments confirm the effectiveness of individual components.Two future research directions have also been suggested.展开更多
Two new AlTiN coated cemented carbide drills with Al content of 40% and 55% in weight are developed for high efficiency dry drilling of 40Cr. By studying tool durability, machined hole quality, tool wear mechanism, ch...Two new AlTiN coated cemented carbide drills with Al content of 40% and 55% in weight are developed for high efficiency dry drilling of 40Cr. By studying tool durability, machined hole quality, tool wear mechanism, chip deformation, and lubrication, the dry drilling performance of the two kinds of coated drills is analyzed. Experimental results show that the AlTiN coated drills are suitable for high efficiency dry drilling and can obtain higher quality of machined holes. The tool durability of the drill with 55% Al content is 1. 3 times of that of the drill with 40% Al content at the cutting speed of 90 m/min. The wear mechanism of two AlTiN coatings are studied in experiments. During dry drilling process, oxidative wear appears in both two kinds of drills. The oxide film is formed on the top of the coated drill containing Al content of 55%. And the oxide film helps to increase its high temperature resistance and decrease the coating flaking, thus the drill is failed because of coating subsidence. The drill with less Al content is failed due to peeling and breakage. The lubricated condition in dry drilling is improved by the high Al content coating. It helps to reduce the cutting deformation and benefits to improve the quality of machined holes. The AlTiN coating with higher Al content shows longer tool life and higher quality of machined holes in high efficiency dry drilling. Its tool life increases by 30% compared with that of the coating with less Al content.展开更多
The reductive transformation of furfural （FAL） into furfuryl alcohol （FOL） is an attractive route for the use of renewable bio‐sources but it suffers from the heavy use of H2. We describe here a highly efficient ...The reductive transformation of furfural （FAL） into furfuryl alcohol （FOL） is an attractive route for the use of renewable bio‐sources but it suffers from the heavy use of H2. We describe here a highly efficient reduction protocol for converting aqueous FAL to FOL. A single phase rutile TiO2 support with a gold catalyst （Au/TiO2‐R） that used CO/H2O as the hydrogen source catalyze this reduction efficiently under mild conditions. By eliminating the consumption of fossil fuel‐derived H2, our pro‐cess has the benefit afforded by using CO as a convenient and cost competitive reducing reagent.展开更多
An immature pinecone shaped hierarchically structured zirconia （ZrO2-ipch） and a cobblestone-like zirconia nanoparticulate （ZrO2-cs）, both with the monoclinic phase （m-phase）, were synthesized by the facile hydr...An immature pinecone shaped hierarchically structured zirconia （ZrO2-ipch） and a cobblestone-like zirconia nanoparticulate （ZrO2-cs）, both with the monoclinic phase （m-phase）, were synthesized by the facile hydrothermal method and used as the support for a Ni catalyst for the dry reforming of methane （DRM） with CO2. ZrO2-ipch is a much better support than ZrO2-cs and the traditional ZrO2 irregular particles made by a simple precipitation method （ZrO2-ip）. The supported Ni catalyst on ZrO2-ipch （Ni/ZrO2-ipch） exhibited outstanding catalytic activity and coke-resistant stability compared to the ones on ZrO2-cs （Ni/ZrO2-cs） and ZrO2-ip （Ni/ZrO2-ip）. Ni/ZrO2-ip exhibited the worst catalytic performance. The origin of the significantly enhanced catalytic performance was revealed by characterization including XRD, N2 adsorption measurement （BET）, TEM, H2-TPR, CO chemisorption, CO2-TPD, XPS and TGA. The superior catalytic activity of Ni/ZrO2-ipch to Ni/ZrO2-cs or Ni/ZrO2-ip was ascribed to a higher Ni dispersion, increased reducibility, enhanced oxygen mo- bility, and more basic sites with a higher strength, which were due to the unique hierarchically structural morphology of the ZrO2-ipch support. Ni/ZrO2-ipch exhibited better stability for the DRM reaction than Ni/ZrO2-ip, which was ascribed to its higher resistance to Ni sintering due to a strengthened metal-support interaction and the confinement effect of the mesopores and coke deposition resistance. The higher coking resistance of Ni/ZrO2-ipch for the DRM reaction in comparison with Ni/ZrOz-ip orignated from the coke-removalabitity of the higher amount of lattice oxygen and more basic sites, confirmed by XPS and CO2-TPD analysis, and the stabilized Ni on the Ni/ZrO2-ipch catalyst by the confinement effect of the mesopores of the hierarchical ZrO2-ipch sup- port. The superior catalytic performance and coking resistance of the Ni/ZrO2-ipch catalyst makes it a promising candidate for synthesis gas production from the DRM reaction.展开更多
The drying characteristics,physico-chemical and functional properties,as well as starch digestibility,of purple potato slices dried using different methods(such as,vacuum freeze-drying,VFD;hot-air drying,HAD;air-impin...The drying characteristics,physico-chemical and functional properties,as well as starch digestibility,of purple potato slices dried using different methods(such as,vacuum freeze-drying,VFD;hot-air drying,HAD;air-impingement jet drying,AIJD;and far-infrared assisted heat-pump drying,FIHPD)were investigated.Drying rate was the highest(3.0 g 100 g^-1 min^-1)using AIJD,followed by FIHPD and HAD,and the rate of VFD was the lowest one(0.3 g 100 g^-1 min^-1).Drying data were fitted to 12 thin-layer drying models,with the Midilli model giving the best predictions.Moreover,AIJD showed higher diffusivity(5.5×10^-10 m^2 s^–1)and energy efficiency(55 J g^-1)than any other drying method used in this study.With reference to the samples dried by VFD,the starch granules of the samples obtained by HAD,FIHPD,and AIJD exhibited different extent of disruption,which significantly increased their water absorption capacity,swelling power,and in vitro digestibility,but decreased the peak viscosity.The sample resulting from AIJD had the greatest water absorption capacity(7.9 g g^-1)and solubility(21.6%),but the smallest syneresis rate(48%).Good correlation coefficients(R^2>0.98)implied that the pseudofirst order kinetic model adequately described the rate and extent of starch digestion of dried potato flours.Samples from AIJD and FIHPD showed the highest digestibility percentages,reaching to 72.4 and 72.5%.Based on the drying rate,specific energy consumption,functional properties and digestibility,AIJD appeared to be quite effective and suitable to be transferred on the industry scale.展开更多
There are considerable challenges associated with the design of ground support for seismically-active underground mines.It is extremely difficult to establish the demand on ground support as well as the capacity of a ...There are considerable challenges associated with the design of ground support for seismically-active underground mines.It is extremely difficult to establish the demand on ground support as well as the capacity of a ground support system.The resulting dynamic or impact loads caused by mining-induced seismicity are difficult to anticipate and quantify.The performance of a ground support system is defined by the load distribution and interaction between several reinforcement and surface support elements.Consequently,the design of ground support in seismically-active mines tends to evolve,or be modified based on qualitative assessments of perceived performance or response to significant seismic events or rockbursts.This research is motivated by a need to provide quantitative and data-driven design guidelines for ground support systems subjected to dynamic-loading conditions.Rockburst data were collected from three deep and seismically-active underground mines in the Sudbury basin in Canada.The constructed database comprises 209 seismic events that resulted in damage to mine excavations and ground support.These events were associated with damage at 324 locations within the three mines.The developed ground support design strategy,based on these documented case studies,identifies areas where the use of dynamic or enhanced support should be employed.The developed design methodology provides guidelines for the zoning of mine locations in which installation of enhanced support is recommended,the specifications for an optimal ground support system,and the timing or sequence of installation.展开更多
In order to solve the large deformation controlling problem for surrounding rock of gob-side entry driving under common cable anchor support in deep mine, site survey, physical modeling experiment, numerical simulatio...In order to solve the large deformation controlling problem for surrounding rock of gob-side entry driving under common cable anchor support in deep mine, site survey, physical modeling experiment, numerical simulation and field measurement were synthetically used to analyze the deformation and failure characteristics of surrounding rock. Besides, applicability analysis, prestress field distribution characteristics of surrounding rock and the control effect on large deformation of surrounding rock were also further studied for the gob-side entry driving in deep mine using the cable-truss supporting system. The results show that, first, compared with no support and traditional bolt anchor support, roof cable-truss system can effectively restrain the initiation and propagation of tensile cracks in the roof surrounding rock and arc shear cracks in the two sides, moreover, the broken development of surrounding rock, roof separation and extrusion deformation between the two sides of the roadway are all controlled; second, a prestressed belt of trapezoidal shape is generated in the surrounding rock by the cable-truss supporting system, and the prestress field range is wide. Especially, the prestress concentration belt in the shallow surrounding rock can greatly improve the anchoring strength and deformation resisting capability of the rock stratum;third, an optimized support system of ‘‘roof and side anchor net beam, roof cable-truss supporting system and anchor cable of the narrow coal pillar" was put forward, and the support optimization design and field industrial test were conducted for the gob-side entry driving of the working face 5302 in Tangkou Mine, from which a good supporting effect was obtained.展开更多
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project,China,the China Scholarship Council(No.202306290109)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52472456 and 52361165620)。
文摘This paper studies the coupling mechanism between the nonlinear stiffness and damping coefficients of Active Elastic Support/Dry Friction Damper(AESDFD)and rotor system.First,parameters for evaluating the vibration reduction characteristics are proposed to facilitate the design of the AESDFD.To achieve this,the nonlinear friction force is initially represented as equivalent stiffness and damping coefficients,based on the ball-plate friction model.Second,three evaluation parameters—optimal slipping displacement,loss factor,and controllability—are proposed to reveal the vibration reduction characteristics of the AESDFD,alongside determining the optimal normal force.Subsequently,the finite element method,in conjunction with the ball-plate friction model,is introduced to formulate the governing equation of a low-pressure rotor system equipped with AESDFDs.The steady-state responses of the AESDFDs-rotor system are solved using the harmonic balance method combined with an efficient iteration method.Finally,the solutions are validated on the AESDFDs-rotor system both numerically and experimentally.The results indicate that controllability effectively assesses the vibration reduction performance of the AESDFD and is relatively insensitive to variations in low normal force.Away from the critical speed,the AESDFD suppresses vibration by altering the resonance position of the rotor system through its stiffness coefficient.Near the critical speed,vibration reduction is achieved primarily through energy dissipation by the damping coefficient.If the loss factor is less than one,the stiffness coefficient can diminish the vibration reduction effect of the damping coefficient.Notably,the optimal normal force of the AESDFD achieves optimal vibration reduction effect.This study reveals that changes in rotor system unbalance do not affect the vibration reduction characteristics of the AESDFD,with the same upper limit to the vibration reduction effect of the AESDFD.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51405393)
文摘The elastic support/dry friction damper is a type of damper which is used for active vibration control in a rotor system.To establish the analytical model of this type of damper,a two-dimensional friction model-ball/plate model was proposed.By using this ball/plate model,a dynamics model of rotor with elastic support/dry friction dampers was established and experimentally verified.Moreover,the damping performance of the elastic support/dry friction damper was studied numerically with respect to some variable parameters.The numerical study shows that the damping performance of the elastic support/dry friction damper is closely related to the stiffness distribution of the rotor-support system,the damper location,the pressing force between the moving and stationary disk,the friction coefficient,the tangential contact stiffness of the contact interface,and the stiffness of the stationary disk.In general,the damper should be located on an elastic support which has a large vibration amplitude in order to achieve a better damping performance,and the more vibration energy in this elastic support concentrates,the better performance of the damper will be.The larger the tangential contact stiffness of the contact interface,and the stiffness of the stationary disk are,the better performance of the damper will be.There will be an optimal value of the friction force at which the damper performs best.
文摘CeO_(2) based semiconductor are widely used in solar-driven photothermal catalytic dry reforming of methane(DRM)reaction,but still suffer from low activity and low light utilization efficiency.This study developed graphite-CeO_(2) interfaces to enhance solar-driven photothermal catalytic DRM.Compared with carbon nanotubes-modified CeO_(2)(CeO_(2)-CNT),graphite-modified CeO_(2)(CeO_(2)-GRA)constructed graphite-CeO_(2) interfaces with distortion in CeO_(2),leading to the formation abundant oxygen vacancies.These graphite-CeO_(2) interfaces with oxygen vacancies enhanced optical absorption and promoted the generation and separation of photogenerated carriers.The high endothermic capacity of graphite elevated the catalyst surface temperature from 592.1−691.3℃,boosting light-to-thermal conversion.The synergy between photogenerated carriers and localized heat enabled Ni/CeO_(2)-GRA to achieve a CO production rate of 9985.6 mmol/(g·h)(vs 7192.4 mmol/(g·h)for Ni/CeO_(2))and a light-to-fuel efficiency of 21.8%(vs 13.8%for Ni/CeO_(2)).This work provides insights for designing graphite-semiconductor interfaces to advance photothermal catalytic efficiency.
文摘In today's fast-paced modern life, whether for fitness training, outdoor adventures, or daily commutes, we all yearn for quick-dry apparel that can rapidly wick away moisture and keep our bodies dry and comfortable. As a standout in functional textiles, quick-dry fabrics are becoming the top choice for more and more people, thanks to their exceptional moisture-wicking performance and rapid drying capabilities.
文摘This study presents an AI-driven Spatial Decision Support System (SDSS) aimed at transforming groundwater suitability assessments for domestic and irrigation uses in Visakhapatnam District, Andhra Pradesh, India. By employing advanced remote sensing, GIS, and machine learning techniques, groundwater quality data from 50 monitoring wells, sourced from the Central Ground Water Board (CGWB), was meticulously analysed. Key parameters, including pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, and major ion concentrations, were evaluated against World Health Organization (WHO) standards to determine domestic suitability. For irrigation, advanced metrics such as Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR), Kelly’s Ratio, Residual Sodium Carbonate (RSC), and percentage sodium (% Na) were utilized to assess water quality. The integration of GIS for spatial mapping and AI models for predictive analytics allows for a comprehensive visualization of groundwater quality distribution across the district. Additionally, the irrigation water quality was evaluated using the USA Salinity Laboratory diagram, providing essential insights for effective agricultural water management. This innovative SDSS framework promises to significantly enhance groundwater resource management, fostering sustainable practices for both domestic use and agriculture in the region.
基金financial support from the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFE0126500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52261135635.52372165,U23A2091,22150610467)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province(2308085MB32)the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey(TUBITAK,122N434).
文摘Ni-based catalysts hold great potential in the light-driven dry reforming of methane(DRM)for syngas production due to their low cost and comparable catalytic performance to conventional noble-metal catalysts.However,the currently available Ni-based catalysts are confronted with low light-driven DRM efficiency and poor stability attributed to the coking.Herein,an atomically dispersed Ni-loaded CeO_(2)(Ni/CeO_(2))for light-drivenDRMis prepared by employing a polyol-mediated doping method to allow the high loading concentration of Ni on the CeO_(2),which overcomes the conventional atomically dispersed metal problem of low loading content.The atomically dispersed nature of the Ni can induce enormous CH4 activation sites for the reaction and photothermal effects for driving the reaction,while the CeO_(2) can facilitateCO_(2) activation.Therefore,the optimized atomically dispersed Ni-loaded CeO_(2) demonstrates an excellent light-drivenDRMperformance forH_(2)(626.5 mmol gcat^(-1) h^(-1))and CO(728.5 mmol gcat^(-1) h^(-1))production.More importantly,the optimized sample sustains its DRM performance after 100 h of continuous test,and such excellent stability of the presence of enormous Ni–O pairs can prevent the rapid conversion of CH_(x) intermediates into coke.This work demonstrates the meticulous design of non-noble metal catalysts for the lightdriven DRM with both high performance and stability.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82171022No.81974128).
文摘AIM:To investigate the association between active corneal epithelial dendritic cells(CEDCs)and ocular pain in patients with dry eye disease(DED).METHODS:This cross-sectional study enrolled 67 DED patients,who were divided into two groups based on numerical rating scale(NRS)scores:the mild pain group(n=44)and the moderate-to-severe pain group(n=23).In vivo confocal microscopy(IVCM)was used to image the subbasal layer of the central cornea.Corneal nerve characteristics were analyzed using ACCMetrics software,while CEDCs were quantified manually with Image J software.Regression and correlation analyses were performed to assess the impact of active CEDCs on ocular pain.Additionally,the Luminex method was employed to compare the concentrations of inflammation-related cytokines in tears between patients with≥2 CEDCs and those with<2 CEDCs.Differences in cytokine levels between the two groups were analyzed using Student’s t-test.RESULTS:The study included 44 eyes of 44 patients with mild ocular pain(12 males and 32 females)and 23 eyes of 23 patients with moderate-to-severe ocular pain(3 males and 20 females).The mean age was 36.2±13.5y in the mild pain group and 39.7±12.4y in the moderate to severe pain group.There were no significant differences in age or sex between the two groups(P=0.30;P=0.19).Multivariable regression analysis showed that older age[odds ratio(OR)=1.05,95%confidence interval(CI)1.00–1.11]and a higher number of CEDCs(OR=1.80,95%CI 1.17–2.76)were associated with ocular pain.Patients with≥2 CEDCs had significantly higher tear concentrations of interleukin(IL)-6(P<0.05),IL-8(P<0.05),and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α(P<0.05)compared to those with<2 active CEDCs.CONCLUSION:The findings suggest that infiltrating CEDCs in the corneal subbasal layer are a potential risk factor for ocular pain in DED.
基金The authors would like to extend their sincere appreciation to Researchers Supporting Project number (RSP2023R368)King Saud University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia.RK,NP,VKS acknowledge Indus University,Ahmedabad,for supporting research.Dr.Ahmed I.Osman and Prof.David W.Rooney wish to acknowledge the support of The Bryden Centre project (Project ID VA5048)。
文摘Developing cost-effective and high-performance catalyst systems for dry reforming of methane(DRM)is crucial for producing hydrogen(H_(2))sustainably.Herein,we investigate using iron(Fe)as a promoter and major alumina support in Ni-based catalysts to improve their DRM performance.The addition of iron as a promotor was found to add reducible iron species along with reducible NiO species,enhance the basicity and induce the deposition of oxidizable carbon.By incorporating 1 wt.%Fe into a 5Ni/10ZrAl catalyst,a higher CO_(2) interaction and formation of reducible"NiO-species having strong interaction with support"was observed,which led to an∼80%H_(2) yield in 420 min of Time on Stream(TOS).Further increasing the Fe content to 2 wt.%led to the formation of additional reducible iron oxide species and a noticeable rise in H_(2) yield up to 84%.Despite the severe weight loss on Fe-promoted catalysts,high H_(2) yield was maintained due to the proper balance between the rate of CH_(4) decomposition and the rate of carbon deposit diffusion.Finally,incorporating 3 wt.%Fe into the 5Ni/10ZrAl catalyst resulted in the highest CO_(2) interaction,wide presence of reducible NiO-species,minimumgraphitic deposit and an 87%H_(2) yield.Our findings suggest that ironpromoted zirconia-alumina-supported Ni catalysts can be a cheap and excellent catalytic system for H_(2) production via DRM.
文摘This study explores the thin-layer convective solar drying of Marrubium vulgare L.leaves under conditions typical of sun-rich semi-arid climates.Drying experiments were conducted at three inlet-air temperatures(40℃,50℃,60℃)and two air velocities(1.5 and 2.5 m·s^(-1))using an indirect solar dryer with auxiliary temperature control.Moisture-ratio data were fitted with eight widely used thin-layer models and evaluated using correlation coefficient(r),root-mean-square error(RMSE),and Akaike information criterion(AIC).A complementary heattransfer analysis based on Reynolds and Prandtl numbers with appropriate Nusselt correlations was used to relate flow regime to drying performance,and an energy balance quantified the relative contributions of solar and auxiliary heat.The logarithmic model consistently achieved the lowest RMSE/AIC with r>0.99 across all conditions.Higher temperature and air velocity significantly reduced drying time during the decreasing-rate period,with no constantrate stage observed.On average,solar input supplied the large majority of the thermal demand,while the auxiliary heater compensated short irradiance drops to maintain setpoints.These findings provide a reproducible dataset and a modelling benchmark for M.vulgare leaves,and they support energy-aware design of hybrid solar dryers formedicinal plants in sun-rich regions.
文摘BACKGROUND Dry eye disease(DED)is a multifactorial ocular surface disorder with rising prevalence.It is closely related to systemic health and psychological factors,such as sleep and mood disorders,which significantly impact the quality of life of patients.AIM To explore the correlations between ocular surface function,sleep quality,and anxiety/depression in patients with DED.METHODS This was a cross-sectional investigative study that included 358 patients with DED between January 2022 and January 2025.Ocular surface was assessed using the ocular surface disease index(OSDI),tear film break-up time,fluorescein staining score,and Schirmer I test.The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI),Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),and Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS)were used to evaluate sleep quality and anxiety/depression levels.Correlation and linear regression analyses were used to explore the relationships.RESULTS The mean PSQI score of the patients was 9.94±2.18;the mean SAS score was 47.30±4.90,and the mean SDS score was 50.08±5.52.These suggested a prevalence of sleep and psychological abnormalities.There was a significant correlation between the indicators of ocular surface function(OSDI,tear film break-up time,fluorescein staining,and Schirmer I test)and PSQI,SAS,and SDS scores(P<0.05).Moreover,multiple regression revealed that age≥50 years(β=1.55,P=0.029),PSQI scores(β=0.58,P<0.001),SAS scores(β=0.17,P=0.017),and SDS scores(β=0.15,P=0.019)were independent predictors of the OSDI scores.CONCLUSION Ocular surface function in patients with DED is closely related to sleep quality and anxiety/depression,emphasizing the need for holistic clinical management.
文摘BACKGROUND Orthopaedic surgical education has traditionally depended on the apprenticeship model of“see one,do one,teach one”.However,reduced operative exposure,stricter work-hour regulations,medicolegal constraints,and patient safety concerns have constrained its practicality.Simulation-based training has become a reliable,safe,and cost-efficient alternative.Dry lab techniques,especially virtual and augmented reality,make up 78%of current dry lab research,whereas wet labs still set the standard for anatomical realism.AIM To evaluate the effectiveness,limitations,and future directions of wet and dry lab simulation in orthopaedic training.METHODS A scoping review was carried out across four databases-PubMed,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,and EBSCOhost-up to 2025.Medical Subject Headings included:"Orthopaedic Education","Wet Lab","Dry Lab","Simulation Training","Virtual Reality",and"Surgical Procedure".Eligible studies focused on orthopaedic or spinal surgical education,employed wet or dry lab techniques,and assessed training effectiveness.Exclusion criteria consisted of non-English publications,abstracts only,non-orthopaedic research,and studies unrelated to simulation.Two reviewers independently screened titles,abstracts,and full texts,resolving discrepancies with a third reviewer.RESULTS From 1851 records,101 studies met inclusion:78 on dry labs,7 on wet labs,4 on both.Virtual reality(VR)simulations were most common,with AI increasingly used for feedback and assessment.Cadaveric training remains the gold standard for accuracy and tactile feedback,while dry labs-especially VR-offer scalability,lower cost(40%-60%savings in five studies),and accessibility for novices.Senior residents prefer wet labs for complex tasks;juniors favour dry labs for basics.Challenges include limited transferability data,lack of standard outcome metrics,and ethical concerns about cadaver use and AI assessment.CONCLUSION Wet and dry labs each have unique strengths in orthopaedic training.A hybrid approach combining both,supported by standardised assessments and outcome studies,is most effective.Future efforts should aim for uniform reporting,integrating new technologies,and policy support for hybrid curricula to enhance skills and patient care.
文摘Andrew Wangota,a 48-year-old Ugandan farmer,has been using agrivoltaics technology,a solar technology that uses agricultural land for both food production and solar power generation,on his farm in Bunashimolo Parish,Bukyiende Subcounty in Uganda where he has been cultivating plantain,coffee and Irish potatoes for the past 16 years.
基金The work described in this paper was fully supported by a grant from Hong Kong Metropolitan University(RIF/2021/05).
文摘Parkinson’s disease(PD)is a debilitating neurological disorder affecting over 10 million people worldwide.PD classification models using voice signals as input are common in the literature.It is believed that using deep learning algorithms further enhances performance;nevertheless,it is challenging due to the nature of small-scale and imbalanced PD datasets.This paper proposed a convolutional neural network-based deep support vector machine(CNN-DSVM)to automate the feature extraction process using CNN and extend the conventional SVM to a DSVM for better classification performance in small-scale PD datasets.A customized kernel function reduces the impact of biased classification towards the majority class(healthy candidates in our consideration).An improved generative adversarial network(IGAN)was designed to generate additional training data to enhance the model’s performance.For performance evaluation,the proposed algorithm achieves a sensitivity of 97.6%and a specificity of 97.3%.The performance comparison is evaluated from five perspectives,including comparisons with different data generation algorithms,feature extraction techniques,kernel functions,and existing works.Results reveal the effectiveness of the IGAN algorithm,which improves the sensitivity and specificity by 4.05%–4.72%and 4.96%–5.86%,respectively;and the effectiveness of the CNN-DSVM algorithm,which improves the sensitivity by 1.24%–57.4%and specificity by 1.04%–163%and reduces biased detection towards the majority class.The ablation experiments confirm the effectiveness of individual components.Two future research directions have also been suggested.
文摘Two new AlTiN coated cemented carbide drills with Al content of 40% and 55% in weight are developed for high efficiency dry drilling of 40Cr. By studying tool durability, machined hole quality, tool wear mechanism, chip deformation, and lubrication, the dry drilling performance of the two kinds of coated drills is analyzed. Experimental results show that the AlTiN coated drills are suitable for high efficiency dry drilling and can obtain higher quality of machined holes. The tool durability of the drill with 55% Al content is 1. 3 times of that of the drill with 40% Al content at the cutting speed of 90 m/min. The wear mechanism of two AlTiN coatings are studied in experiments. During dry drilling process, oxidative wear appears in both two kinds of drills. The oxide film is formed on the top of the coated drill containing Al content of 55%. And the oxide film helps to increase its high temperature resistance and decrease the coating flaking, thus the drill is failed because of coating subsidence. The drill with less Al content is failed due to peeling and breakage. The lubricated condition in dry drilling is improved by the high Al content coating. It helps to reduce the cutting deformation and benefits to improve the quality of machined holes. The AlTiN coating with higher Al content shows longer tool life and higher quality of machined holes in high efficiency dry drilling. Its tool life increases by 30% compared with that of the coating with less Al content.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21273044, 21473035, 91545108)the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (2012007000011)+2 种基金SINOPEC (X514005)Science & Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (08DZ2270500)the Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering (SKL-ChE-15C02)~~
文摘The reductive transformation of furfural （FAL） into furfuryl alcohol （FOL） is an attractive route for the use of renewable bio‐sources but it suffers from the heavy use of H2. We describe here a highly efficient reduction protocol for converting aqueous FAL to FOL. A single phase rutile TiO2 support with a gold catalyst （Au/TiO2‐R） that used CO/H2O as the hydrogen source catalyze this reduction efficiently under mild conditions. By eliminating the consumption of fossil fuel‐derived H2, our pro‐cess has the benefit afforded by using CO as a convenient and cost competitive reducing reagent.
基金financially supported by the Joint Fund of Coal, set up by National Natural Science Foundation of China and Shenhua Co., Ltd.(U1261104)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21276041)+3 种基金the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (NCET-12-0079)the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province (2015020200)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (DUT15LK41)the Science and Technology Development Program of Hangzhou (20130533B14)~~
文摘An immature pinecone shaped hierarchically structured zirconia （ZrO2-ipch） and a cobblestone-like zirconia nanoparticulate （ZrO2-cs）, both with the monoclinic phase （m-phase）, were synthesized by the facile hydrothermal method and used as the support for a Ni catalyst for the dry reforming of methane （DRM） with CO2. ZrO2-ipch is a much better support than ZrO2-cs and the traditional ZrO2 irregular particles made by a simple precipitation method （ZrO2-ip）. The supported Ni catalyst on ZrO2-ipch （Ni/ZrO2-ipch） exhibited outstanding catalytic activity and coke-resistant stability compared to the ones on ZrO2-cs （Ni/ZrO2-cs） and ZrO2-ip （Ni/ZrO2-ip）. Ni/ZrO2-ip exhibited the worst catalytic performance. The origin of the significantly enhanced catalytic performance was revealed by characterization including XRD, N2 adsorption measurement （BET）, TEM, H2-TPR, CO chemisorption, CO2-TPD, XPS and TGA. The superior catalytic activity of Ni/ZrO2-ipch to Ni/ZrO2-cs or Ni/ZrO2-ip was ascribed to a higher Ni dispersion, increased reducibility, enhanced oxygen mo- bility, and more basic sites with a higher strength, which were due to the unique hierarchically structural morphology of the ZrO2-ipch support. Ni/ZrO2-ipch exhibited better stability for the DRM reaction than Ni/ZrO2-ip, which was ascribed to its higher resistance to Ni sintering due to a strengthened metal-support interaction and the confinement effect of the mesopores and coke deposition resistance. The higher coking resistance of Ni/ZrO2-ipch for the DRM reaction in comparison with Ni/ZrOz-ip orignated from the coke-removalabitity of the higher amount of lattice oxygen and more basic sites, confirmed by XPS and CO2-TPD analysis, and the stabilized Ni on the Ni/ZrO2-ipch catalyst by the confinement effect of the mesopores of the hierarchical ZrO2-ipch sup- port. The superior catalytic performance and coking resistance of the Ni/ZrO2-ipch catalyst makes it a promising candidate for synthesis gas production from the DRM reaction.
基金supported by the Shanghai Municipal Agricultural Commission, China (2016NY001)
文摘The drying characteristics,physico-chemical and functional properties,as well as starch digestibility,of purple potato slices dried using different methods(such as,vacuum freeze-drying,VFD;hot-air drying,HAD;air-impingement jet drying,AIJD;and far-infrared assisted heat-pump drying,FIHPD)were investigated.Drying rate was the highest(3.0 g 100 g^-1 min^-1)using AIJD,followed by FIHPD and HAD,and the rate of VFD was the lowest one(0.3 g 100 g^-1 min^-1).Drying data were fitted to 12 thin-layer drying models,with the Midilli model giving the best predictions.Moreover,AIJD showed higher diffusivity(5.5×10^-10 m^2 s^–1)and energy efficiency(55 J g^-1)than any other drying method used in this study.With reference to the samples dried by VFD,the starch granules of the samples obtained by HAD,FIHPD,and AIJD exhibited different extent of disruption,which significantly increased their water absorption capacity,swelling power,and in vitro digestibility,but decreased the peak viscosity.The sample resulting from AIJD had the greatest water absorption capacity(7.9 g g^-1)and solubility(21.6%),but the smallest syneresis rate(48%).Good correlation coefficients(R^2>0.98)implied that the pseudofirst order kinetic model adequately described the rate and extent of starch digestion of dried potato flours.Samples from AIJD and FIHPD showed the highest digestibility percentages,reaching to 72.4 and 72.5%.Based on the drying rate,specific energy consumption,functional properties and digestibility,AIJD appeared to be quite effective and suitable to be transferred on the industry scale.
文摘There are considerable challenges associated with the design of ground support for seismically-active underground mines.It is extremely difficult to establish the demand on ground support as well as the capacity of a ground support system.The resulting dynamic or impact loads caused by mining-induced seismicity are difficult to anticipate and quantify.The performance of a ground support system is defined by the load distribution and interaction between several reinforcement and surface support elements.Consequently,the design of ground support in seismically-active mines tends to evolve,or be modified based on qualitative assessments of perceived performance or response to significant seismic events or rockbursts.This research is motivated by a need to provide quantitative and data-driven design guidelines for ground support systems subjected to dynamic-loading conditions.Rockburst data were collected from three deep and seismically-active underground mines in the Sudbury basin in Canada.The constructed database comprises 209 seismic events that resulted in damage to mine excavations and ground support.These events were associated with damage at 324 locations within the three mines.The developed ground support design strategy,based on these documented case studies,identifies areas where the use of dynamic or enhanced support should be employed.The developed design methodology provides guidelines for the zoning of mine locations in which installation of enhanced support is recommended,the specifications for an optimal ground support system,and the timing or sequence of installation.
基金provided by the National Basic Research 973 Program of China (No. 2013CB036003)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51374198)the Annual College Graduate Research and Innovation Projects of Jiangsu Province of China (No. KYLX15_1402)
文摘In order to solve the large deformation controlling problem for surrounding rock of gob-side entry driving under common cable anchor support in deep mine, site survey, physical modeling experiment, numerical simulation and field measurement were synthetically used to analyze the deformation and failure characteristics of surrounding rock. Besides, applicability analysis, prestress field distribution characteristics of surrounding rock and the control effect on large deformation of surrounding rock were also further studied for the gob-side entry driving in deep mine using the cable-truss supporting system. The results show that, first, compared with no support and traditional bolt anchor support, roof cable-truss system can effectively restrain the initiation and propagation of tensile cracks in the roof surrounding rock and arc shear cracks in the two sides, moreover, the broken development of surrounding rock, roof separation and extrusion deformation between the two sides of the roadway are all controlled; second, a prestressed belt of trapezoidal shape is generated in the surrounding rock by the cable-truss supporting system, and the prestress field range is wide. Especially, the prestress concentration belt in the shallow surrounding rock can greatly improve the anchoring strength and deformation resisting capability of the rock stratum;third, an optimized support system of ‘‘roof and side anchor net beam, roof cable-truss supporting system and anchor cable of the narrow coal pillar" was put forward, and the support optimization design and field industrial test were conducted for the gob-side entry driving of the working face 5302 in Tangkou Mine, from which a good supporting effect was obtained.
