In 2016, room-and-pillar mining provided nearly 40% of underground coal production in the United States.Over the past decade, rib falls have resulted in 12 fatalities, representing 28% of the ground fall fatalities in...In 2016, room-and-pillar mining provided nearly 40% of underground coal production in the United States.Over the past decade, rib falls have resulted in 12 fatalities, representing 28% of the ground fall fatalities in U.S.underground coal mines.Nine of these 12 fatalities(75%) have occurred in room-andpillar mines.The objective of this research is to study the geomechanics of bench room-and-pillar mining and the associated response of high pillar ribs at overburden depths greater than 300 m.This paper provides a definition of the bench technique, the pillar response due to loading, observational data for a case history, a calibrated numerical model of the observed rib response, and application of this calibrated model to a second site.展开更多
文章以兰新铁路大梁山高地应力隧道为工程背景,展开三台阶七步法施工高地应力隧道支护结构受力特性研究。通过现场监测及三维数值仿真模拟,对施工过程中的围岩-初期支护接触压力、拱架所受的拉压应力及变形规律进行系统研究。现场监测...文章以兰新铁路大梁山高地应力隧道为工程背景,展开三台阶七步法施工高地应力隧道支护结构受力特性研究。通过现场监测及三维数值仿真模拟,对施工过程中的围岩-初期支护接触压力、拱架所受的拉压应力及变形规律进行系统研究。现场监测及数值分析结果表明:(1)支护结构变形均基本满足设计规定的沉降控制指标(350 mm)及《铁路隧道设计规范》对沉降、收敛的相关要求;(2)围岩-初期支护接触压力及支护结构变形值均随着工序开展而不断增加,最大值均出现于侧墙拱腰部位,其中接触压力最大值为845.8 k Pa,收敛最大值为365 mm;(3)初期支护的最小主应力σ3逐渐增大并全部表现为压应力,其绝对值大于最大主应力;最小主应力σ3在仰拱闭合后各点基本达到最大值,趋于稳定;(4)高地应力隧道开挖过程中围岩将产生较大塑性区,拱肩及拱底部位发展最快,仰拱封闭是变形控制的关键点。因此,施工时应加快初期支护封闭成环,以减小应力增加,增强初期支护安全性。展开更多
文摘In 2016, room-and-pillar mining provided nearly 40% of underground coal production in the United States.Over the past decade, rib falls have resulted in 12 fatalities, representing 28% of the ground fall fatalities in U.S.underground coal mines.Nine of these 12 fatalities(75%) have occurred in room-andpillar mines.The objective of this research is to study the geomechanics of bench room-and-pillar mining and the associated response of high pillar ribs at overburden depths greater than 300 m.This paper provides a definition of the bench technique, the pillar response due to loading, observational data for a case history, a calibrated numerical model of the observed rib response, and application of this calibrated model to a second site.
文摘文章以兰新铁路大梁山高地应力隧道为工程背景,展开三台阶七步法施工高地应力隧道支护结构受力特性研究。通过现场监测及三维数值仿真模拟,对施工过程中的围岩-初期支护接触压力、拱架所受的拉压应力及变形规律进行系统研究。现场监测及数值分析结果表明:(1)支护结构变形均基本满足设计规定的沉降控制指标(350 mm)及《铁路隧道设计规范》对沉降、收敛的相关要求;(2)围岩-初期支护接触压力及支护结构变形值均随着工序开展而不断增加,最大值均出现于侧墙拱腰部位,其中接触压力最大值为845.8 k Pa,收敛最大值为365 mm;(3)初期支护的最小主应力σ3逐渐增大并全部表现为压应力,其绝对值大于最大主应力;最小主应力σ3在仰拱闭合后各点基本达到最大值,趋于稳定;(4)高地应力隧道开挖过程中围岩将产生较大塑性区,拱肩及拱底部位发展最快,仰拱封闭是变形控制的关键点。因此,施工时应加快初期支护封闭成环,以减小应力增加,增强初期支护安全性。
