Sustainable development is an important component of the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI)and is of great significance for evaluating the levels of sustainable development of countries along this route(henceforth,BRI coun...Sustainable development is an important component of the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI)and is of great significance for evaluating the levels of sustainable development of countries along this route(henceforth,BRI countries).Therefore,this study aims to identify the factors that influence the levels of sustainable development of BRI countries in a reasonable and objective manner.Eventually,this study employs the super efficiency slacks-based measure(Super-SBM)model,which considers unexpected outputs to measure the level of sustainable development of BRI countries.The dynamic change and composition of the sustainable development level of these countries are calculated using the global Malmquist-Luenberger index.Furthermore,the Tobit model is used to identify the factors influencing the level of sustainable development of BRI countries in general and in various categories.The empirical results suggest the following points.(a)The overall level of sustainable development of BRI countries is low,whereas those of high-income and middle-and high-income countries are relatively high.(b)The overall sustainable development levels of BRI countries declined to a certain extent in 2008 owing to the effect of the financial crisis,.However,the sustainable development level of other countries,barring low-income countries,has gradually increased since 2011.(c)Since 2008,technological progress has replaced technical efficiency as the main driving force behind the improvement of the sustainable development level of BRI countries.(d)A U-shaped relationship is observed between the economic and sustainable development levels of these countries.(e)The level of science and technology and the proportion of renewable energy consumption can promote the sustainable development of these countries.Moreover,a negative correlation exists between the level of opening to the outside world and that of sustainable development of countries that mainly export resource-based products and are dominated by labor-intensive export industries.Barring low-income countries,the energy structure plays an effective role in improving the level of sustainable development.Finally,the study presents suggestions for China in the process of coping with the sustainable development of relevant countries during its promotion of the BRI.展开更多
大规模农业人口向城镇及第二、三产业转移,引起其他农业生产要素改变,最终影响耕地利用效率。本文以江西省11个地级市为研究区域,运用超效率EBM(Epsilon Based Measure)模型测度2007-2016年江西省各地市耕地利用效率,通过面板门槛模型...大规模农业人口向城镇及第二、三产业转移,引起其他农业生产要素改变,最终影响耕地利用效率。本文以江西省11个地级市为研究区域,运用超效率EBM(Epsilon Based Measure)模型测度2007-2016年江西省各地市耕地利用效率,通过面板门槛模型以农业转移人口占农业人口比重为门槛变量,分析农业人口转移对耕地利用效率的影响。研究表明:考察期内江西省各地市农业转移人口与耕地利用效率均呈上升趋势,且区域差异显著;2016年江西省大多数地市农业人口转移对耕地利用效率的影响表现出门槛效应,在门槛值(0.428)前后,农业人口转移始终促进耕地利用效率提升,但跨越门槛值后其影响系数减小,由0.5089降至0.2495,促进作用减弱51%。可按农业人口转移程度是否跨越门槛值进行分区,针对不同区域提出差异化的耕地利用效率提升对策。展开更多
文摘Sustainable development is an important component of the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI)and is of great significance for evaluating the levels of sustainable development of countries along this route(henceforth,BRI countries).Therefore,this study aims to identify the factors that influence the levels of sustainable development of BRI countries in a reasonable and objective manner.Eventually,this study employs the super efficiency slacks-based measure(Super-SBM)model,which considers unexpected outputs to measure the level of sustainable development of BRI countries.The dynamic change and composition of the sustainable development level of these countries are calculated using the global Malmquist-Luenberger index.Furthermore,the Tobit model is used to identify the factors influencing the level of sustainable development of BRI countries in general and in various categories.The empirical results suggest the following points.(a)The overall level of sustainable development of BRI countries is low,whereas those of high-income and middle-and high-income countries are relatively high.(b)The overall sustainable development levels of BRI countries declined to a certain extent in 2008 owing to the effect of the financial crisis,.However,the sustainable development level of other countries,barring low-income countries,has gradually increased since 2011.(c)Since 2008,technological progress has replaced technical efficiency as the main driving force behind the improvement of the sustainable development level of BRI countries.(d)A U-shaped relationship is observed between the economic and sustainable development levels of these countries.(e)The level of science and technology and the proportion of renewable energy consumption can promote the sustainable development of these countries.Moreover,a negative correlation exists between the level of opening to the outside world and that of sustainable development of countries that mainly export resource-based products and are dominated by labor-intensive export industries.Barring low-income countries,the energy structure plays an effective role in improving the level of sustainable development.Finally,the study presents suggestions for China in the process of coping with the sustainable development of relevant countries during its promotion of the BRI.
文摘大规模农业人口向城镇及第二、三产业转移,引起其他农业生产要素改变,最终影响耕地利用效率。本文以江西省11个地级市为研究区域,运用超效率EBM(Epsilon Based Measure)模型测度2007-2016年江西省各地市耕地利用效率,通过面板门槛模型以农业转移人口占农业人口比重为门槛变量,分析农业人口转移对耕地利用效率的影响。研究表明:考察期内江西省各地市农业转移人口与耕地利用效率均呈上升趋势,且区域差异显著;2016年江西省大多数地市农业人口转移对耕地利用效率的影响表现出门槛效应,在门槛值(0.428)前后,农业人口转移始终促进耕地利用效率提升,但跨越门槛值后其影响系数减小,由0.5089降至0.2495,促进作用减弱51%。可按农业人口转移程度是否跨越门槛值进行分区,针对不同区域提出差异化的耕地利用效率提升对策。
