Bismuth(Bi)anodes have been widely investigated for potential application in sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)due to their ultrahigh theoretical volumetric capacity(3800 mAh cm^(-3))and suitable sodiation potential(0.5-0.7 V...Bismuth(Bi)anodes have been widely investigated for potential application in sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)due to their ultrahigh theoretical volumetric capacity(3800 mAh cm^(-3))and suitable sodiation potential(0.5-0.7 V).Unfortunately,either Bi or Bi-based compounds still face tricky challenges of unsatisfying reversible capacity(<350 mAh g^(-1))and inferior initial Coulombic efficiency(ICE,<70%).Herein,a controllable trace-sulfurization strategy is proposed to address these challenges by developing a yolkshell Bi/Bi_(2)S_(3)heterostructure encapsulated within S-doped carbon shells(TS-Bi/C).This approach strategically incorporates a trace amount of high-capacity Bi_(2)S_(3)phase with metallic Bi,consequently building regional Bi/Bi_(2)S_(3)heterointerfaces for enhancing interfacial charge transfer and sodium storage reversibility.Moreover,a thin and homogeneous solid electrolyte film(~5 nm)was formed on the surface of TS-Bi/C during the initial discharge-charge process.These merits result in an approximate 30%increase in ICE of TS-Bi/C(87.4%)compared to pure Bi/C(57,6%)when employed as anodes in SIBs,together with boosted discharge capacity of 462.3 mAh g^(-1)at 0.1 A g^(-1)and high rate capability of 382.4 mAh g^(-1)at 10 A g^(-1).Importantly,as compared to both Bi/C and Bi_(2)S_(3)/C counterparts,TS-Bi/C can deliver superior volumetric capacity as high as 1553 mAh cm^(-3)owing to its considerable tap density of 3.43 g cm^(-3).展开更多
High-energy-density lithium metal batteries hold great promise for advancing low-altitude economic development.However,the practical application of ultrathin lithium anodes remains challenging due to significant inter...High-energy-density lithium metal batteries hold great promise for advancing low-altitude economic development.However,the practical application of ultrathin lithium anodes remains challenging due to significant interfacial side reactions,dendrite formation,and substantial volume fluctuations.In this study,lithium metal electrodes were fabricated using a spin-coating process,enabling an in situ reaction between lithium and phenyl disulfide(PDS).The resulting robust organic sulfurization interface,composed of lithium thiophenoxide,facilitates rapid lithium-ion transport and effectively suppresses dendrite formation.Symmetric cells with a 50μm Li@PDS anode exhibited an impressive lifespan exceeding3000 h at 1 mA cm^(-2)and 1 mAh cm^(-2).The Li@PDS anode demonstrated excellent structural stability in a practical LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_(2)(NCM811)lILi@PDS pouch cell,maintaining 94.8%of its initial capacity(1.45 Ah)over 260 cycles at a 0.4C rate and 87.30%of its initial capacity(1.1 Ah)over 360 cycles at a 2C rate(1C=200 mA g^(-1)).This work provides a promising pathway for developing durable lithium metal anodes suitable for scalable practical applications.展开更多
With the acceleration of industrialization,the pollution problem of sulfur dioxide(SO_(2))emitted from coal-fired power plants has become increasingly severe.Although wet flue gas desulfurization(FGD)technology can re...With the acceleration of industrialization,the pollution problem of sulfur dioxide(SO_(2))emitted from coal-fired power plants has become increasingly severe.Although wet flue gas desulfurization(FGD)technology can remove about 95%of SO_(2),its high energy consumption and the corrosion risk of downstream equipment caused by residual SO_(2)(500–3000 ppm)still need to be addressed[1].Previous porous materials(such as MOFs)achieve selective adsorption of SO_(2) through open metal sites,M–OH sites or functional organic groups,but the problem of CO_(2) co-adsorption limits their practical application[2].In recent years,hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks(HOFs)have emerged as a research hotspot due to their reversible hydrogen-bonding networks and flexible structures[3],but their stability under extreme conditions and efficient separation performance still need to be improved[4].展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to investigate different effects of two pH-regulating acids on the root morphology and other physiological growth of Lactuca sativa L.in floating plug transplant system.[Method] HNO3 and H2SO4 ...[Objective] The aim was to investigate different effects of two pH-regulating acids on the root morphology and other physiological growth of Lactuca sativa L.in floating plug transplant system.[Method] HNO3 and H2SO4 were used to adjust pH condition of various nutrient concentrations in lettuce floating transplant system,the effect of two acid treatments on root traits of lettuce were investigated.[Result] These two acids made different effects on root system under a series of nutrient gradients.Under HNO3 treatment,the fresh weight of shoot and root were increased with growth of nutrient concentration;root preformed best when EC was 1.0 μs/cm.Under H2SO4 treatment,when EC was 0.8 μs/cm,the total root length and root surface area,projected area,root volume of lettuce were 344.8 cm,40.9 cm2,13.0 cm2,0.4 m3,respectively,which were significantly higher than those in HNO3 treatment.Compared the influences of acid treatments under same nutrient concentration,the result showed that H2SO4 treatment increased root/shoot ratio and all other root morphological characteristics;however,HNO3 treatment promoted the growth of shoot and lateral root,increased transplanting efficiency and facilitated realizing high yield after transplanted into open-field.[Conclusion] This study will provide theoretical reference for improving plug transplant technology of lettuce.展开更多
Gold bearing pyrite leaching was conducted in H2SO4-Fe2（SO4）3 system at different reaction temperatures,with different ferric ion concentrations,sulfuric acid concentrations and stirring speeds.The leaching kinetics...Gold bearing pyrite leaching was conducted in H2SO4-Fe2（SO4）3 system at different reaction temperatures,with different ferric ion concentrations,sulfuric acid concentrations and stirring speeds.The leaching kinetics and mechanism were studied.When the temperature ranged between 30-75 °C,the pyrite leaching was mainly controlled by chemical reaction with positive correlation to the ferric ion concentration.The activation energy obtained from Arrhenius empirical formula is 51.39 k J/mol.The EDS and XPS analyses suggest that the oxidation of sulfur within pyrite is through a series of intermediate stages,and eventually is oxidized to sulphate accompanied with the formation of element sulfur.This indicates a thiosulfate oxidation pathway of the gold bearing pyrite oxidation in H2SO4-Fe2（SO4）3 system.展开更多
The oxysulfide La3NbS2O5 was synthesized by sulfurization using H2S and characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy （DRS） and field emission scanning electron microscopy （FE-...The oxysulfide La3NbS2O5 was synthesized by sulfurization using H2S and characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy （DRS） and field emission scanning electron microscopy （FE-SEM）. The relationship between the sulfurization conditions and the photocatalytic activities for H2 evolution was investigated. Sulfurization method allowed for synthesis of La3NbS2O5 at much lower temperatures and significantly shortened reaction time of 1 h compared with conventional solid-state techniques. The particle morphologies were regular platelike with sizes of 0.1-0.6μm and smooth surfaces. The highest activity for H2 evolution was obtained at 1073 K for 1 h, which was about 1.83 times that of La3NbS2O5 prepared by solid-state method.展开更多
Herein,3‑aminopropyltriethoxysilane(APTES)was used to modify F‑containing silica slag(SS)by simple grafting and served as a multifunctional barrier layer.The amino group(—NH2)in the amino‑modified SS(NH2‑SS)forms lig...Herein,3‑aminopropyltriethoxysilane(APTES)was used to modify F‑containing silica slag(SS)by simple grafting and served as a multifunctional barrier layer.The amino group(—NH2)in the amino‑modified SS(NH2‑SS)forms ligand bonds or hydrogen bonds with sulfur ions in lithium polysulfides(LiPSs),thus inhibiting the shuttle effect.Electrochemical analyses demonstrated that lithium‑sulfur(Li‑S)batteries employing the NH2‑SS interlayer exhibited discharge specific capacities of 1048 and 789 mAh·g^(-1) at 0.2C and 2C,respectively,and even at 4C,the initial discharge specific capacity remained at 590 mAh·g^(-1),outperforming the Li‑S battery with unmodified SS as the interlayer.展开更多
It is crucial to develop arsenic removal adsorbents with strong sulfur resistance under middle-low-temperature flue gas conditions(<400℃).In this work,five Fe-Ce-La oxides were prepared by co-precipitation method,...It is crucial to develop arsenic removal adsorbents with strong sulfur resistance under middle-low-temperature flue gas conditions(<400℃).In this work,five Fe-Ce-La oxides were prepared by co-precipitation method,and FeCeLaO/SiO_(2)-Al_(2)O_(3) composite adsorbents were prepared by coupling fly ash-based Si-Al carriers.The active components Fe-Ce-La oxides and Si-Al carriers were characterized by TPD,TG,XRF,BET and XPS,respectively.The effects of temperature,Si/Al ratio and FeCeLaO loading rate on the sulfur resistance were investigated.Results show that the SO_(2) promotes the arsenic removal of Fe_(2)O_(3),CeLaO and FeCeLaO.At 400℃,the arsenic removal efficiencies of the three oxides increase from 45.3%,72.5% and 81.3% without SO_(2) to 62.6%,80.5%and 91.0%,respectively.The SO_(2) inhibits the arsenic removal of La_(2)O_(2)CO_(3) and FeLaO,and the inhibition effect is pronounced at high temperatures.The sulfur poisoning resistance of Si-Al carriers increases with the increase of Si/Al ratio.When the Si/Al ratio is increased to 9.74,the arsenic removal efficiency in the SO_(2) environment is 13.9% higher than that in the absence of SO_(2).Introducing FeCeLaO active components is beneficial for enhancing the SO_(2) poisoning resistance of Si-Al carriers.The strong sulfur resistance of the FeCeLaO/SiO_(2)-Al_(2)O_(3) composite adsorbent results from multiple factors:protective effects of Ce on Fe,La and Al;sulfation-induced generation of Ce^(3+)and surface-adsorbed oxygen;and strong surface acidity of SiO_(2).展开更多
Hard carbon(HC)in sodium-ion batteries is searched by numerous investigations,which can offer the excellent performance of reversible Na^(+)insertion and extraction.The covalent heteroatom doping in HC is recently wor...Hard carbon(HC)in sodium-ion batteries is searched by numerous investigations,which can offer the excellent performance of reversible Na^(+)insertion and extraction.The covalent heteroatom doping in HC is recently worth concentrating,which can dilate the interlayer spacing of graphite to adjust the electrochemical storage performance in carbon anodes.However,the reported doping strategies of the modified HC have only resulted in limited improvement,especially unobvious effects on tuning porous structure.In this study,tannin extract and K_(2)SO_(4) are respectively utilized as carbon source and sulfur source for the fabrication of HC,in which K_(2)SO_(4) can contribute to the heteroatom doping,and the pore forming as well.The tannin-derived sulfur-doped carbon anode shows the excellent cycle stability,achieving a high reversible capacity of 520.5 mAh/g at a current density of 100 mA/g.Even after 500 cycles at a current density of 3 A/g,a high specific capacity of 236.7 mAh/g and a capacity retention rate of 92.6%can be reserved.Compared with the initial carbon,the adsorption energy of Na^(+)is multifold times higher,whereas Na^(+)diffusion energy barriers manyfold decrease.Moreover,the full battery assembled with Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)/tannin-based HC demonstrates a stable cycling performance.This work can manifest the potentiality of the tannin-based electrode as anode for a high-performance sodium-ion batteries(SIBs),which could especially offer an explanation of Na^(+)storage and solid-electrolyte interface(SEI)stability to the electrochemical performance.展开更多
Ferroptosis has exhibited great potential in therapies and intracellular reducing agents of sulfur species(RSSs) in the thiol-dependent redox systems are crucial in ferroptosis.This makes the simultaneous detection of...Ferroptosis has exhibited great potential in therapies and intracellular reducing agents of sulfur species(RSSs) in the thiol-dependent redox systems are crucial in ferroptosis.This makes the simultaneous detection of multiple RSSs significant for evaluating ferroptosis therapy.However,the traditional techniques,including fluorescent(FL) imaging and electrospray ionization-based mass spectrometry(MS) detection,cannot achieve the discrimination of different RSSs.Herein,simultaneous MS detection of multiple RSSs,including cysteine(Cys),homocysteine(Hcy),glutathione(GSH) and hydrogen sulfide(H_(2)S),was obtained upon enhancing ionization efficiency by a fluorescent probe(NBD-O-1).Based on the interaction between NBD-O-1 and RSSs,the complex of RSSs with a fragment of NBD-O-1 can be generated,which can be easily ionized for MS detection in the negative mode.Therefore,the intracellular RSSs can be well detected upon the incubation of He La cells with the probe of NBD-O-1,exhibiting the total RSS levels by the FL imaging and further providing expression of each RSS by enhanced MS detection.Furthermore,the RSSs during ferroptosis in He La cells have been evaluated using the present strategy,demonstrating the potential for ferroptosis examinations.This work has made an unconventional application of a fluorescent probe to enhance the detection of multiple RSSs by MS,providing significant molecular information for addressing the ferroptosis mechanism.展开更多
The development of catalytic multicomponent reactions for constructing complex organic scaffolds from readily accessible commodity chemicals is a key pursuit in contemporary synthetic chemistry.Current methods for syn...The development of catalytic multicomponent reactions for constructing complex organic scaffolds from readily accessible commodity chemicals is a key pursuit in contemporary synthetic chemistry.Current methods for synthesizing thioesters primarily rely on the acylation of thiols,which produces substantial waste and requires malodorous,unstable sulfur sources.In this work,we introduce a photocatalyzed hydrogen transfer strategy that enables a three-component synthesis of thioesters using abundant primary alcohols,easily available alkenes and elemental sulfur under mild conditions.This protocol demonstrates broad applicability and high chemo-and regioselectivity for both primary alcohols and alkenes,highlighting the advantage and potential of photo-mediated hydrogen transfer in facilitating multicomponent reactions using primary alcohol and elemental sulfur feedstocks.展开更多
Lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries require efficient catalysts to accelerate polysulfide conversion and mitigate the shuttle effect.However,the rational design of catalysts remains challenging due to the lack of a systemat...Lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries require efficient catalysts to accelerate polysulfide conversion and mitigate the shuttle effect.However,the rational design of catalysts remains challenging due to the lack of a systematic strategy that rationally optimizes electronic structures and mesoscale transport properties.In this work,we propose an autogenously transformed CoWO_(4)/WO_(2) heterojunction catalyst,integrating a strong polysulfide-adsorbing intercalation catalyst with a metallic-phase promoter for enhanced activity.CoWO_(4) effectively captures polysulfides,while the CoWO_(4)/WO_(2) interface facilitates their S-S bond activation on heterogenous catalytic sites.Benefiting from its directional intercalation channels,CoWO_(4) not only serves as a dynamic Li-ion reservoir but also provides continuous and direct pathways for rapid Li-ion transport.Such synergistic interactions across the heterojunction interfaces enhance the catalytic activity of the composite.As a result,the CoWO_(4)/WO_(2) heterostructure demonstrates significantly enhanced catalytic performance,delivering a high capacity of 1262 mAh g^(−1) at 0.1 C.Furthermore,its rate capability and high sulfur loading performance are markedly improved,surpassing the limitations of its single-component counterparts.This study provides new insights into the catalytic mechanisms governing Li-S chemistry and offers a promising strategy for the rational design of high-performance Li-S battery catalysts.展开更多
Photo-assisted lithium–sulfur batteries(PALSBs)offer an eco-friendly solution to address the issue of sluggish reaction kinetics of conventional LSBs.However,designing an efficient photoelectrode for practical implem...Photo-assisted lithium–sulfur batteries(PALSBs)offer an eco-friendly solution to address the issue of sluggish reaction kinetics of conventional LSBs.However,designing an efficient photoelectrode for practical implementation remains a significant challenge.Herein,we construct a free-standing polymer–inorganic hybrid photoelectrode with a direct Z-scheme heterostructure to develop high-efficiency PALSBs.Specifically,polypyrrole(PPy)is in situ vapor-phase polymerized on the surface of N-doped TiO_(2) nanorods supported on carbon cloth(N-TiO_(2)/CC),thereby forming a well-defined p–n heterojunction.This architecture efficiently facilitates the carrier separation of photo-generated electron–hole pairs and significantly enhances carrier transport by creating a built-in electric field.Thus,the PPy@N-TiO_(2)/CC can simultaneously act as a photocatalyst and an electrocatalyst to accelerate the reduction and evolution of sulfur,enabling ultrafast sulfur redox dynamics,as convincingly validated by both theoretical simulations and experimental results.Consequently,the PPy@N-TiO_(2)/CC PALSB achieves a high discharge capacity of 1653 mAh g^(−1),reaching 98.7%of the theoretical value.Furthermore,5 h of photo-charging without external voltage enables the PALSB to deliver a discharge capacity of 333 mAh g^(−1),achieving dual-mode energy harvesting capabilities.This work successfully integrates solar energy conversion and storage within a rechargeable battery system,providing a promising strategy for sustainable energy storage technologies.展开更多
Enantioselective intramolecular radical difunctionalization of alkenes involving sulfur dioxide through a three-component reaction of 4-arylpent-4-enoic acids,sodium hydrogen sulfite and thianthrenium salts under copp...Enantioselective intramolecular radical difunctionalization of alkenes involving sulfur dioxide through a three-component reaction of 4-arylpent-4-enoic acids,sodium hydrogen sulfite and thianthrenium salts under copper catalysis and photocatalysis is reported,allowing the construction of chiral 5-((sulfonyl)methyl)dihydrofuran-2(3H)-ones with β-quaternary stereocenters.During the transformation,sodium hydrogen sulfite is used as the sulfur dioxide surrogate.Excellent enantiocontrol(up to 99%ee)and wide functional group compatibility are observed in this asymmetric radical sulfonylation.展开更多
The rapid recombination of photogenerated charge carriers and the poor stability of metal sulfides remain bottlenecks limiting their practical applications. In this study, sulfur vacancies were introduced into an S-sc...The rapid recombination of photogenerated charge carriers and the poor stability of metal sulfides remain bottlenecks limiting their practical applications. In this study, sulfur vacancies were introduced into an S-scheme AgIn_(5)S_(8)/Bi_(2)S_(3) heterojunction via an in situ hydrothermal method. The sulfur vacancies induced charge density redistribution within the heterojunction and generated efficient active sites for electrons, thereby creating a localized electron-rich environment. The synergistic effects of the sulfur vacancies, internal electric field, and defect energy levels accelerated the separation and transfer of photogenerated charge carriers via the S-scheme pathway, thereby enhancing the visible-light photocatalytic performance, by achieving a Cr(Ⅵ) reduction efficiency of 99.6%. More importantly, the long-term stability and excellent anti-interference capability of the S-scheme AgIn_(5)S_(8)/Bi_(2)S_(3) heterojunction demonstrate its practical application potential, achieving 98.9% Cr(Ⅵ) removal from real electroplating wastewater and meeting discharge standards. This work provides a theoretical basis for constructing highly-catalytic S-scheme heterojunctions and serves as a promising solution for Cr(VI)-containing electroplating wastewater treatment.展开更多
In this work,ofloxacin(OFL),a kind of frequently detected antibiotic in groundwater,was selected to explore its impact(at ng/L-μg/L-level)on denitrification performance in an autotrophic denitrification system driven...In this work,ofloxacin(OFL),a kind of frequently detected antibiotic in groundwater,was selected to explore its impact(at ng/L-μg/L-level)on denitrification performance in an autotrophic denitrification system driven by pyrite/sulfur(FeS2/S0).Results showed that OFL restrained nitrate removal efficiency,and the inhibition degree was positively related to the concentration of OFL.After being exposed to increased OFL(200 ng/L-100μg/L)for 69 days,higher inhibition of electron transport activity(ETSA),enzyme activities of nitrate reductase(NAR),and nitrite reductase(NIR)were acquired.Meanwhile,the extracellular protein(PN)content of sludge samples was remarkably stimulated by OFL to resist the augmented toxicity.OFL contributed to increased microbial diversity and sulfur/sulfide oxidation functional genes in ng/L-level bioreactors,whereas led to a decline inμg/L level experiments.With OFL at concentrations of 200 ng/L and 100μg/L,the whole expression of 10 key denitrification functional genes was depressed,and the higher the OFL concentration,the lower the expression level.However,no significant proliferation of antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)either in 200 ng/L-OFL or 100μg/L-OFL groups was observed.Two-factor correlation analysis results indicated that Thiobacillus,Anaerolineae,Anaerolineales,and Nitrospirae might be the main hosts of existing ARGs in this system.展开更多
To lower the cost of bauxite electrolysis desulfurization using NaOH solution as the supporting electrolyte, effects of electrolyte recycling on bauxite electrolysis desulfurization were investigated. The results in...To lower the cost of bauxite electrolysis desulfurization using NaOH solution as the supporting electrolyte, effects of electrolyte recycling on bauxite electrolysis desulfurization were investigated. The results indicate that electrode corrosion, cell voltage, the desulfurization rate and the pH value of the electrolyte have no obvious changes with the increase of cycle times. Additionally, there were some transitive valence S-containing ions in electrolyte after the electrolysis, such as SO3^2-,S2O3^2- . However, most of the sulfur in bauxite was eventually oxidized into SO4^2- into the electrolyte, and these S-containing ions did not affect the recycling utilization for electrolyte.展开更多
Desulfurization performance with low binary basicity refining slag in 72 grade tire cord steel was calculated using FactSage and it is found that sulfur content in steel decreases with the increase of basicity of slag...Desulfurization performance with low binary basicity refining slag in 72 grade tire cord steel was calculated using FactSage and it is found that sulfur content in steel decreases with the increase of basicity of slag, MgO content in slag and slag/steel ratio while sulfur partition ratio between slag and steel increases gradually with the increase of basicity of slag as well as MgO content. Experiments were carried out and the results are of great agreements with theoretical calculation. Then industrial application tests were performed in a domestic plant and good results were achieved. Sulfur content in steel decreases gradually during refining process, as a result, sulfur content in the billets is controlled in the range of 0.007 1%-0.008 1%. Sulfur content in steel refined with slag basicity of 1.21 is lower than that of 1.02, while the plasticity of oxide compound inclusions is a little better controlled in low basicity heats. Using refining slag with basicity of 1.0-1.2 and MgO content of 5%-10% and reducing the slag takeover of LD are favorable for improving the desulfurization performance and the plasticity of inclusions during the industrial production.展开更多
Despite the significance of hydrogen bonding in deep eutectic solvents（DESs） for desulfurization processes, little is understood about the relationship between the DES composition, hydrogen-bonding strength, and oxi...Despite the significance of hydrogen bonding in deep eutectic solvents（DESs） for desulfurization processes, little is understood about the relationship between the DES composition, hydrogen-bonding strength, and oxidative desulfurization activity. In this study, a new family of caprolactam-based acidic DESs was prepared with different molar ratios of caprolactam and oxalic acid. The prepared DESs were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance, and thermogravimetric analyses. These DESs were employed for oxidative desulfurization reactions and the desulfurization efficiency was found to vary regularly with the DES composition. The factors influencing the removal of dibenzothiophene were systematically investigated and the desulfurization efficiency of the caprolactam-based acidic DESs reached as high as 98% under optimal conditions. The removal of different sulfur compounds followed the order： dibenzothiophene 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene benzothiophene. The combined experimental data and characterization results revealed that the oxidative desulfurization efficiency of the system was influenced by the hydrogen bonding interactions with the DES, which can be optimized by adjusting the DES composition. These findings regarding hydrogen bonding in DESs provide new insight for better understanding of the mechanism of diesel deep desulfurization processes.展开更多
In this work,the growth of copper sulfide crystal onto azurite surfaces during sulfurization and its response to flotation are investigated.Filed emission scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectrosc...In this work,the growth of copper sulfide crystal onto azurite surfaces during sulfurization and its response to flotation are investigated.Filed emission scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(FESEM) and X-ray diffraction(XRD) studies confirmed that the sulfurization of azurite is not limited to the mineral surface,but rather penetrates into the bulk to form covellite crystal(synCuS),creating favorable conditions for the stable adsorption of xanthate and greatly promoting the azurite flotation.Additionally,as demonstrated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) and time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry(TOF-SIMS) analyses,a redox reaction occurred during this process,and Cu(Ⅱ) onto the mineral surface was reduced to Cu(Ⅰ).Correspondingly,reduced S^(2-) was oxidized to(S_(2))^(2-),(S_n)^(-2),and even to deeper oxidation state S~0,(S_(x)O_(y))^(n-) and SO_(4)^(2-).Excess sodium sulfide strengthens copper sulfide to form onto the azurite surface,and provides enough raw material for crystal copper sulfide to grow,resulting in the formation of "flake-like" covellite with a better crystallinity.However,the floatability of azurite decreased dramatically under this condition,because the generated massive colloidal copper sulfide in flotation pulp deteriorates the flotation environment,resulting in a decreased effective adsorption of collector onto azurite surfaces.展开更多
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21878192 and 51904193)the Science and Technology Cooperation Special Fund of Sichuan University and Zigong City(2022CDZG-9 and 2023CDZG-5)。
文摘Bismuth(Bi)anodes have been widely investigated for potential application in sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)due to their ultrahigh theoretical volumetric capacity(3800 mAh cm^(-3))and suitable sodiation potential(0.5-0.7 V).Unfortunately,either Bi or Bi-based compounds still face tricky challenges of unsatisfying reversible capacity(<350 mAh g^(-1))and inferior initial Coulombic efficiency(ICE,<70%).Herein,a controllable trace-sulfurization strategy is proposed to address these challenges by developing a yolkshell Bi/Bi_(2)S_(3)heterostructure encapsulated within S-doped carbon shells(TS-Bi/C).This approach strategically incorporates a trace amount of high-capacity Bi_(2)S_(3)phase with metallic Bi,consequently building regional Bi/Bi_(2)S_(3)heterointerfaces for enhancing interfacial charge transfer and sodium storage reversibility.Moreover,a thin and homogeneous solid electrolyte film(~5 nm)was formed on the surface of TS-Bi/C during the initial discharge-charge process.These merits result in an approximate 30%increase in ICE of TS-Bi/C(87.4%)compared to pure Bi/C(57,6%)when employed as anodes in SIBs,together with boosted discharge capacity of 462.3 mAh g^(-1)at 0.1 A g^(-1)and high rate capability of 382.4 mAh g^(-1)at 10 A g^(-1).Importantly,as compared to both Bi/C and Bi_(2)S_(3)/C counterparts,TS-Bi/C can deliver superior volumetric capacity as high as 1553 mAh cm^(-3)owing to its considerable tap density of 3.43 g cm^(-3).
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.52471166)the Central South University Graduate-Student Autonomous Exploration Innovative Programme (No.2024ZZTS0373)
文摘High-energy-density lithium metal batteries hold great promise for advancing low-altitude economic development.However,the practical application of ultrathin lithium anodes remains challenging due to significant interfacial side reactions,dendrite formation,and substantial volume fluctuations.In this study,lithium metal electrodes were fabricated using a spin-coating process,enabling an in situ reaction between lithium and phenyl disulfide(PDS).The resulting robust organic sulfurization interface,composed of lithium thiophenoxide,facilitates rapid lithium-ion transport and effectively suppresses dendrite formation.Symmetric cells with a 50μm Li@PDS anode exhibited an impressive lifespan exceeding3000 h at 1 mA cm^(-2)and 1 mAh cm^(-2).The Li@PDS anode demonstrated excellent structural stability in a practical LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_(2)(NCM811)lILi@PDS pouch cell,maintaining 94.8%of its initial capacity(1.45 Ah)over 260 cycles at a 0.4C rate and 87.30%of its initial capacity(1.1 Ah)over 360 cycles at a 2C rate(1C=200 mA g^(-1)).This work provides a promising pathway for developing durable lithium metal anodes suitable for scalable practical applications.
基金the support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22205207 and 22378369).
文摘With the acceleration of industrialization,the pollution problem of sulfur dioxide(SO_(2))emitted from coal-fired power plants has become increasingly severe.Although wet flue gas desulfurization(FGD)technology can remove about 95%of SO_(2),its high energy consumption and the corrosion risk of downstream equipment caused by residual SO_(2)(500–3000 ppm)still need to be addressed[1].Previous porous materials(such as MOFs)achieve selective adsorption of SO_(2) through open metal sites,M–OH sites or functional organic groups,but the problem of CO_(2) co-adsorption limits their practical application[2].In recent years,hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks(HOFs)have emerged as a research hotspot due to their reversible hydrogen-bonding networks and flexible structures[3],but their stability under extreme conditions and efficient separation performance still need to be improved[4].
基金Supported by Special Fund for Guangdong Modern Agriculture Industrial System Construction (Guangdong Agriculture 2009-380 )Key Agriculture Project of Guangdong Science and Technology Department (2009B020202003 )+1 种基金Key Agriculture Project of Guangdong Science and Technology Department (2009B020304002)Agriculture Brainstorm Project of Panyu District Guangzhou,Guangdong Province (2010-Z-82-1)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim was to investigate different effects of two pH-regulating acids on the root morphology and other physiological growth of Lactuca sativa L.in floating plug transplant system.[Method] HNO3 and H2SO4 were used to adjust pH condition of various nutrient concentrations in lettuce floating transplant system,the effect of two acid treatments on root traits of lettuce were investigated.[Result] These two acids made different effects on root system under a series of nutrient gradients.Under HNO3 treatment,the fresh weight of shoot and root were increased with growth of nutrient concentration;root preformed best when EC was 1.0 μs/cm.Under H2SO4 treatment,when EC was 0.8 μs/cm,the total root length and root surface area,projected area,root volume of lettuce were 344.8 cm,40.9 cm2,13.0 cm2,0.4 m3,respectively,which were significantly higher than those in HNO3 treatment.Compared the influences of acid treatments under same nutrient concentration,the result showed that H2SO4 treatment increased root/shoot ratio and all other root morphological characteristics;however,HNO3 treatment promoted the growth of shoot and lateral root,increased transplanting efficiency and facilitated realizing high yield after transplanted into open-field.[Conclusion] This study will provide theoretical reference for improving plug transplant technology of lettuce.
基金Project(51474075)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Gold bearing pyrite leaching was conducted in H2SO4-Fe2（SO4）3 system at different reaction temperatures,with different ferric ion concentrations,sulfuric acid concentrations and stirring speeds.The leaching kinetics and mechanism were studied.When the temperature ranged between 30-75 °C,the pyrite leaching was mainly controlled by chemical reaction with positive correlation to the ferric ion concentration.The activation energy obtained from Arrhenius empirical formula is 51.39 k J/mol.The EDS and XPS analyses suggest that the oxidation of sulfur within pyrite is through a series of intermediate stages,and eventually is oxidized to sulphate accompanied with the formation of element sulfur.This indicates a thiosulfate oxidation pathway of the gold bearing pyrite oxidation in H2SO4-Fe2（SO4）3 system.
基金Projects(11JJ3020,10JJ9015)supported by Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject supported by the Construct Program of the Key Discipline in Hunan Province,China
文摘The oxysulfide La3NbS2O5 was synthesized by sulfurization using H2S and characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy （DRS） and field emission scanning electron microscopy （FE-SEM）. The relationship between the sulfurization conditions and the photocatalytic activities for H2 evolution was investigated. Sulfurization method allowed for synthesis of La3NbS2O5 at much lower temperatures and significantly shortened reaction time of 1 h compared with conventional solid-state techniques. The particle morphologies were regular platelike with sizes of 0.1-0.6μm and smooth surfaces. The highest activity for H2 evolution was obtained at 1073 K for 1 h, which was about 1.83 times that of La3NbS2O5 prepared by solid-state method.
文摘Herein,3‑aminopropyltriethoxysilane(APTES)was used to modify F‑containing silica slag(SS)by simple grafting and served as a multifunctional barrier layer.The amino group(—NH2)in the amino‑modified SS(NH2‑SS)forms ligand bonds or hydrogen bonds with sulfur ions in lithium polysulfides(LiPSs),thus inhibiting the shuttle effect.Electrochemical analyses demonstrated that lithium‑sulfur(Li‑S)batteries employing the NH2‑SS interlayer exhibited discharge specific capacities of 1048 and 789 mAh·g^(-1) at 0.2C and 2C,respectively,and even at 4C,the initial discharge specific capacity remained at 590 mAh·g^(-1),outperforming the Li‑S battery with unmodified SS as the interlayer.
文摘It is crucial to develop arsenic removal adsorbents with strong sulfur resistance under middle-low-temperature flue gas conditions(<400℃).In this work,five Fe-Ce-La oxides were prepared by co-precipitation method,and FeCeLaO/SiO_(2)-Al_(2)O_(3) composite adsorbents were prepared by coupling fly ash-based Si-Al carriers.The active components Fe-Ce-La oxides and Si-Al carriers were characterized by TPD,TG,XRF,BET and XPS,respectively.The effects of temperature,Si/Al ratio and FeCeLaO loading rate on the sulfur resistance were investigated.Results show that the SO_(2) promotes the arsenic removal of Fe_(2)O_(3),CeLaO and FeCeLaO.At 400℃,the arsenic removal efficiencies of the three oxides increase from 45.3%,72.5% and 81.3% without SO_(2) to 62.6%,80.5%and 91.0%,respectively.The SO_(2) inhibits the arsenic removal of La_(2)O_(2)CO_(3) and FeLaO,and the inhibition effect is pronounced at high temperatures.The sulfur poisoning resistance of Si-Al carriers increases with the increase of Si/Al ratio.When the Si/Al ratio is increased to 9.74,the arsenic removal efficiency in the SO_(2) environment is 13.9% higher than that in the absence of SO_(2).Introducing FeCeLaO active components is beneficial for enhancing the SO_(2) poisoning resistance of Si-Al carriers.The strong sulfur resistance of the FeCeLaO/SiO_(2)-Al_(2)O_(3) composite adsorbent results from multiple factors:protective effects of Ce on Fe,La and Al;sulfation-induced generation of Ce^(3+)and surface-adsorbed oxygen;and strong surface acidity of SiO_(2).
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.32271791,32171709 and 22475053)Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.2024JJ7643)Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(No.22ZR1404100).
文摘Hard carbon(HC)in sodium-ion batteries is searched by numerous investigations,which can offer the excellent performance of reversible Na^(+)insertion and extraction.The covalent heteroatom doping in HC is recently worth concentrating,which can dilate the interlayer spacing of graphite to adjust the electrochemical storage performance in carbon anodes.However,the reported doping strategies of the modified HC have only resulted in limited improvement,especially unobvious effects on tuning porous structure.In this study,tannin extract and K_(2)SO_(4) are respectively utilized as carbon source and sulfur source for the fabrication of HC,in which K_(2)SO_(4) can contribute to the heteroatom doping,and the pore forming as well.The tannin-derived sulfur-doped carbon anode shows the excellent cycle stability,achieving a high reversible capacity of 520.5 mAh/g at a current density of 100 mA/g.Even after 500 cycles at a current density of 3 A/g,a high specific capacity of 236.7 mAh/g and a capacity retention rate of 92.6%can be reserved.Compared with the initial carbon,the adsorption energy of Na^(+)is multifold times higher,whereas Na^(+)diffusion energy barriers manyfold decrease.Moreover,the full battery assembled with Na_(3)V_(2)(PO_(4))_(3)/tannin-based HC demonstrates a stable cycling performance.This work can manifest the potentiality of the tannin-based electrode as anode for a high-performance sodium-ion batteries(SIBs),which could especially offer an explanation of Na^(+)storage and solid-electrolyte interface(SEI)stability to the electrochemical performance.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No.2024YFA1509600)National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.22474010 and 22274012)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No.2233300007)。
文摘Ferroptosis has exhibited great potential in therapies and intracellular reducing agents of sulfur species(RSSs) in the thiol-dependent redox systems are crucial in ferroptosis.This makes the simultaneous detection of multiple RSSs significant for evaluating ferroptosis therapy.However,the traditional techniques,including fluorescent(FL) imaging and electrospray ionization-based mass spectrometry(MS) detection,cannot achieve the discrimination of different RSSs.Herein,simultaneous MS detection of multiple RSSs,including cysteine(Cys),homocysteine(Hcy),glutathione(GSH) and hydrogen sulfide(H_(2)S),was obtained upon enhancing ionization efficiency by a fluorescent probe(NBD-O-1).Based on the interaction between NBD-O-1 and RSSs,the complex of RSSs with a fragment of NBD-O-1 can be generated,which can be easily ionized for MS detection in the negative mode.Therefore,the intracellular RSSs can be well detected upon the incubation of He La cells with the probe of NBD-O-1,exhibiting the total RSS levels by the FL imaging and further providing expression of each RSS by enhanced MS detection.Furthermore,the RSSs during ferroptosis in He La cells have been evaluated using the present strategy,demonstrating the potential for ferroptosis examinations.This work has made an unconventional application of a fluorescent probe to enhance the detection of multiple RSSs by MS,providing significant molecular information for addressing the ferroptosis mechanism.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.22071185 and 22271224)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No.2042019kf0008)Wuhan University startup funding for financial support。
文摘The development of catalytic multicomponent reactions for constructing complex organic scaffolds from readily accessible commodity chemicals is a key pursuit in contemporary synthetic chemistry.Current methods for synthesizing thioesters primarily rely on the acylation of thiols,which produces substantial waste and requires malodorous,unstable sulfur sources.In this work,we introduce a photocatalyzed hydrogen transfer strategy that enables a three-component synthesis of thioesters using abundant primary alcohols,easily available alkenes and elemental sulfur under mild conditions.This protocol demonstrates broad applicability and high chemo-and regioselectivity for both primary alcohols and alkenes,highlighting the advantage and potential of photo-mediated hydrogen transfer in facilitating multicomponent reactions using primary alcohol and elemental sulfur feedstocks.
基金support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22075131 and 22078265)the Shaanxi Fundamental Science Research Project for Mathematics and Physics under Grants(No.22JSZ005)the State-Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems(No.MPCS-2021-A).
文摘Lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries require efficient catalysts to accelerate polysulfide conversion and mitigate the shuttle effect.However,the rational design of catalysts remains challenging due to the lack of a systematic strategy that rationally optimizes electronic structures and mesoscale transport properties.In this work,we propose an autogenously transformed CoWO_(4)/WO_(2) heterojunction catalyst,integrating a strong polysulfide-adsorbing intercalation catalyst with a metallic-phase promoter for enhanced activity.CoWO_(4) effectively captures polysulfides,while the CoWO_(4)/WO_(2) interface facilitates their S-S bond activation on heterogenous catalytic sites.Benefiting from its directional intercalation channels,CoWO_(4) not only serves as a dynamic Li-ion reservoir but also provides continuous and direct pathways for rapid Li-ion transport.Such synergistic interactions across the heterojunction interfaces enhance the catalytic activity of the composite.As a result,the CoWO_(4)/WO_(2) heterostructure demonstrates significantly enhanced catalytic performance,delivering a high capacity of 1262 mAh g^(−1) at 0.1 C.Furthermore,its rate capability and high sulfur loading performance are markedly improved,surpassing the limitations of its single-component counterparts.This study provides new insights into the catalytic mechanisms governing Li-S chemistry and offers a promising strategy for the rational design of high-performance Li-S battery catalysts.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (22109127)the Chinese Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2021M702666)+2 种基金the Research Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing (NPU),China (Grant No.2023-TS-02)The financial support from the Youth Project of"Shaanxi High-level Talents Introduction Plan"the Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education) are also sincerely appreciated
文摘Photo-assisted lithium–sulfur batteries(PALSBs)offer an eco-friendly solution to address the issue of sluggish reaction kinetics of conventional LSBs.However,designing an efficient photoelectrode for practical implementation remains a significant challenge.Herein,we construct a free-standing polymer–inorganic hybrid photoelectrode with a direct Z-scheme heterostructure to develop high-efficiency PALSBs.Specifically,polypyrrole(PPy)is in situ vapor-phase polymerized on the surface of N-doped TiO_(2) nanorods supported on carbon cloth(N-TiO_(2)/CC),thereby forming a well-defined p–n heterojunction.This architecture efficiently facilitates the carrier separation of photo-generated electron–hole pairs and significantly enhances carrier transport by creating a built-in electric field.Thus,the PPy@N-TiO_(2)/CC can simultaneously act as a photocatalyst and an electrocatalyst to accelerate the reduction and evolution of sulfur,enabling ultrafast sulfur redox dynamics,as convincingly validated by both theoretical simulations and experimental results.Consequently,the PPy@N-TiO_(2)/CC PALSB achieves a high discharge capacity of 1653 mAh g^(−1),reaching 98.7%of the theoretical value.Furthermore,5 h of photo-charging without external voltage enables the PALSB to deliver a discharge capacity of 333 mAh g^(−1),achieving dual-mode energy harvesting capabilities.This work successfully integrates solar energy conversion and storage within a rechargeable battery system,providing a promising strategy for sustainable energy storage technologies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22171206)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(LZ23B020001)the Zhejiang Provincial Ten Thousand Talent Program(2023R5244)。
文摘Enantioselective intramolecular radical difunctionalization of alkenes involving sulfur dioxide through a three-component reaction of 4-arylpent-4-enoic acids,sodium hydrogen sulfite and thianthrenium salts under copper catalysis and photocatalysis is reported,allowing the construction of chiral 5-((sulfonyl)methyl)dihydrofuran-2(3H)-ones with β-quaternary stereocenters.During the transformation,sodium hydrogen sulfite is used as the sulfur dioxide surrogate.Excellent enantiocontrol(up to 99%ee)and wide functional group compatibility are observed in this asymmetric radical sulfonylation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.52470078)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province (Grant No.20252BAC250042)the Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Prevention Control and Resource Reuse (Grant No.2023SSY02061)。
文摘The rapid recombination of photogenerated charge carriers and the poor stability of metal sulfides remain bottlenecks limiting their practical applications. In this study, sulfur vacancies were introduced into an S-scheme AgIn_(5)S_(8)/Bi_(2)S_(3) heterojunction via an in situ hydrothermal method. The sulfur vacancies induced charge density redistribution within the heterojunction and generated efficient active sites for electrons, thereby creating a localized electron-rich environment. The synergistic effects of the sulfur vacancies, internal electric field, and defect energy levels accelerated the separation and transfer of photogenerated charge carriers via the S-scheme pathway, thereby enhancing the visible-light photocatalytic performance, by achieving a Cr(Ⅵ) reduction efficiency of 99.6%. More importantly, the long-term stability and excellent anti-interference capability of the S-scheme AgIn_(5)S_(8)/Bi_(2)S_(3) heterojunction demonstrate its practical application potential, achieving 98.9% Cr(Ⅵ) removal from real electroplating wastewater and meeting discharge standards. This work provides a theoretical basis for constructing highly-catalytic S-scheme heterojunctions and serves as a promising solution for Cr(VI)-containing electroplating wastewater treatment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42377083)the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province,China(No.2025 ZNSFSC0433).
文摘In this work,ofloxacin(OFL),a kind of frequently detected antibiotic in groundwater,was selected to explore its impact(at ng/L-μg/L-level)on denitrification performance in an autotrophic denitrification system driven by pyrite/sulfur(FeS2/S0).Results showed that OFL restrained nitrate removal efficiency,and the inhibition degree was positively related to the concentration of OFL.After being exposed to increased OFL(200 ng/L-100μg/L)for 69 days,higher inhibition of electron transport activity(ETSA),enzyme activities of nitrate reductase(NAR),and nitrite reductase(NIR)were acquired.Meanwhile,the extracellular protein(PN)content of sludge samples was remarkably stimulated by OFL to resist the augmented toxicity.OFL contributed to increased microbial diversity and sulfur/sulfide oxidation functional genes in ng/L-level bioreactors,whereas led to a decline inμg/L level experiments.With OFL at concentrations of 200 ng/L and 100μg/L,the whole expression of 10 key denitrification functional genes was depressed,and the higher the OFL concentration,the lower the expression level.However,no significant proliferation of antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)either in 200 ng/L-OFL or 100μg/L-OFL groups was observed.Two-factor correlation analysis results indicated that Thiobacillus,Anaerolineae,Anaerolineales,and Nitrospirae might be the main hosts of existing ARGs in this system.
基金Projects(51004090,51474198)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(KF13-03)supported by State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology BeijingProject(2015036)supported by Youth Innovation Promotion Association,Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘To lower the cost of bauxite electrolysis desulfurization using NaOH solution as the supporting electrolyte, effects of electrolyte recycling on bauxite electrolysis desulfurization were investigated. The results indicate that electrode corrosion, cell voltage, the desulfurization rate and the pH value of the electrolyte have no obvious changes with the increase of cycle times. Additionally, there were some transitive valence S-containing ions in electrolyte after the electrolysis, such as SO3^2-,S2O3^2- . However, most of the sulfur in bauxite was eventually oxidized into SO4^2- into the electrolyte, and these S-containing ions did not affect the recycling utilization for electrolyte.
基金Item Sponsored by National Key Basic Research and Development Program of China(2010CB30806)Central South University Postdoctoral Funded Project of China(120961)
文摘Desulfurization performance with low binary basicity refining slag in 72 grade tire cord steel was calculated using FactSage and it is found that sulfur content in steel decreases with the increase of basicity of slag, MgO content in slag and slag/steel ratio while sulfur partition ratio between slag and steel increases gradually with the increase of basicity of slag as well as MgO content. Experiments were carried out and the results are of great agreements with theoretical calculation. Then industrial application tests were performed in a domestic plant and good results were achieved. Sulfur content in steel decreases gradually during refining process, as a result, sulfur content in the billets is controlled in the range of 0.007 1%-0.008 1%. Sulfur content in steel refined with slag basicity of 1.21 is lower than that of 1.02, while the plasticity of oxide compound inclusions is a little better controlled in low basicity heats. Using refining slag with basicity of 1.0-1.2 and MgO content of 5%-10% and reducing the slag takeover of LD are favorable for improving the desulfurization performance and the plasticity of inclusions during the industrial production.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21676230,21373177)~~
文摘Despite the significance of hydrogen bonding in deep eutectic solvents（DESs） for desulfurization processes, little is understood about the relationship between the DES composition, hydrogen-bonding strength, and oxidative desulfurization activity. In this study, a new family of caprolactam-based acidic DESs was prepared with different molar ratios of caprolactam and oxalic acid. The prepared DESs were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance, and thermogravimetric analyses. These DESs were employed for oxidative desulfurization reactions and the desulfurization efficiency was found to vary regularly with the DES composition. The factors influencing the removal of dibenzothiophene were systematically investigated and the desulfurization efficiency of the caprolactam-based acidic DESs reached as high as 98% under optimal conditions. The removal of different sulfur compounds followed the order： dibenzothiophene 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene benzothiophene. The combined experimental data and characterization results revealed that the oxidative desulfurization efficiency of the system was influenced by the hydrogen bonding interactions with the DES, which can be optimized by adjusting the DES composition. These findings regarding hydrogen bonding in DESs provide new insight for better understanding of the mechanism of diesel deep desulfurization processes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52074138)Basic research project of Yunnan Province (No. 202001AS070030)Open Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Mineral Processing (BGRIMM-KJSKL2020-03)。
文摘In this work,the growth of copper sulfide crystal onto azurite surfaces during sulfurization and its response to flotation are investigated.Filed emission scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(FESEM) and X-ray diffraction(XRD) studies confirmed that the sulfurization of azurite is not limited to the mineral surface,but rather penetrates into the bulk to form covellite crystal(synCuS),creating favorable conditions for the stable adsorption of xanthate and greatly promoting the azurite flotation.Additionally,as demonstrated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) and time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry(TOF-SIMS) analyses,a redox reaction occurred during this process,and Cu(Ⅱ) onto the mineral surface was reduced to Cu(Ⅰ).Correspondingly,reduced S^(2-) was oxidized to(S_(2))^(2-),(S_n)^(-2),and even to deeper oxidation state S~0,(S_(x)O_(y))^(n-) and SO_(4)^(2-).Excess sodium sulfide strengthens copper sulfide to form onto the azurite surface,and provides enough raw material for crystal copper sulfide to grow,resulting in the formation of "flake-like" covellite with a better crystallinity.However,the floatability of azurite decreased dramatically under this condition,because the generated massive colloidal copper sulfide in flotation pulp deteriorates the flotation environment,resulting in a decreased effective adsorption of collector onto azurite surfaces.
