This work puts forward an explicit isogeometric topology optimization(ITO)method using moving morphable components(MMC),which takes the suitably graded truncated hierarchical B-Spline based isogeometric analysis as th...This work puts forward an explicit isogeometric topology optimization(ITO)method using moving morphable components(MMC),which takes the suitably graded truncated hierarchical B-Spline based isogeometric analysis as the solver of physical unknown(SGTHB-ITO-MMC).By applying properly basis graded constraints to the hierarchical mesh of truncated hierarchical B-splines(THB),the convergence and robustness of the SGTHB-ITOMMC are simultaneously improved and the tiny holes occurred in optimized structure are eliminated,due to the improved accuracy around the explicit structural boundaries.Moreover,an efficient computational method is developed for the topological description functions(TDF)ofMMC under the admissible hierarchicalmesh,which consists of reducing the dimensionality strategy for design space and the locally computing strategy for hierarchical mesh.We apply the above SGTHB-ITO-MMC with improved efficiency to a series of 2D and 3Dcompliance design problems.The numerical results show that the proposed SGTHB-ITO-MMC method outperforms the traditional THB-ITO-MMCmethod in terms of convergence rate and efficiency.Therefore,the proposed SGTHB-ITO-MMC is an effective way of solving topology optimization(TO)problems.展开更多
Global climate change is a pressing environmental challenge.Climate-induced migration highlights the severe impact of unsuitable climatic conditions.However,current research methods are limited in their ability to ass...Global climate change is a pressing environmental challenge.Climate-induced migration highlights the severe impact of unsuitable climatic conditions.However,current research methods are limited in their ability to assess climate suitability for residents in high-altitude areas.In this study,we assess climate suitability across the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau from 1979 to 2018 and project future changes using four different Shared Socioeconomic Pathway(SSP)climate scenarios by constructing the Climate Suitability Index(CSI).The findings reveal a notable increase in CSI from 0.32 to 0.36 from 1979 to 2018.The primary factors contributing to the increased climate suitability are increasing annual mean precipitation(61.42%)and decreasing solar radiation(17.22%)from 1979 to 2018.Furthermore,the study forecasts a continued enhancement of climate suitability across all SSP scenarios,with SSP585 demonstrating the greatest improvement,followed by SSP370,SSP245,and SSP126.Although low oxygen levels at high altitudes remain a challenge,the overall improvement in climate suitability offers hope for people living at high altitudes to cope with climate change.展开更多
Ungulates serve as key components in maintaining ecosystem stability,and their ecological functions are closely linked to the integrity of giant panda habitats within Wanglang National Nature Reserve.Assessment of ung...Ungulates serve as key components in maintaining ecosystem stability,and their ecological functions are closely linked to the integrity of giant panda habitats within Wanglang National Nature Reserve.Assessment of ungulate habitat suitability in this reserve can provide critical insights into the distribution patterns of ungulate communities across protected areas while informing conservation strategy optimization.Therefore,six ungulate species were monitored,including Tufted deer(Elaphodus cephalophus),Chinese serow(Capricornis milneedwardsii),Chinese goral(Naemorhedus griseus),Sichuan takin(Budorcas taxicolor),Reeve's muntjac(Muntiacus reevesi),and Wild boar(Sus scrofa)in Wanglang National Nature Reserve.The infrared camera monitoring data(a total of 83 sites)and 23 environmental variables were collected from January 2011 to May 2019,the relative abundance index(RAI),independent samples t-test,and optimized MaxEnt model were employed to evaluate the habitat suitability of six ungulate species.Our findings were as follows:(1)there were significant differences in the annual RAI among the six ungulate species(P<0.01).(2)the suitable habitat area varied among species:Tufted deer occupied 9578 hm^(2)(31.08%of the total),Chinese serow 10,093 hm^(2)(32.75%);Chinese goral 9936 hm^(2)(32.24%);Sichuan takin 10,992 hm^(2)(35.67%);Reeve's muntjac 9542 hm^(2)(30.96%);and Wild boar 9642 hm^(2)(31.28%).(3)the spatial niche overlaps between each pair of the six ungulates were all relatively high(D=0.77-0.89).(4)the annual average temperature,precipitation during the coldest season,and vegetation were the key factors influencing habitat selection.These findings offer valuable references for the conservation of ungulates in natural reserve and are conducive to formulating more scientific and effective.展开更多
The study aimed at predicting potential suitable areas with national key reserve Orchidaceae plants in Heilongjiang province and conducive to plant protection.The distribution point data of six Orchidaceae plants and ...The study aimed at predicting potential suitable areas with national key reserve Orchidaceae plants in Heilongjiang province and conducive to plant protection.The distribution point data of six Orchidaceae plants and 19 bioclimatic variables were selected,and the environmental factors required for modeling were screened out by pearson correlation analysis and variance inflation factor(VIF)analysis.The potential suitable areas of Orchidaceae plants were predictat present and under different climate scenarios in 2090s by using geographic information system(GIS)and Maximum Entropy Model(MaxEnt).And then evaluated the prediction accuracy of the MaxEnt model using the AUC value,the TSS value and the Kappa value.The results showed that:1)The area under curve(AUC)values,true skill statistics(TSS)values and KAPPA values predicted by MaxEnt model were separately above 0.9,0.85 and 0.75.2)Under the climate scenario at present,the total suitable area of Orchidaceae plants was about 9.61×10^(6)km^(2),which was mainly distributed in Heilongjiang province.Among them,the high-suitable area of Cypripedium shanxiense S.C.Chen was the largest,the non-suitable area of Cypripedium guttatum Sw was the largest.3)Under different climate scenarios in 2090s,the total suitable area was slightly increasing(9.62×10^(6)km^(2)).Among them,Cypripedium shanxiense S.C.Chen and Gastrodiae Rhizoma both showed the trend of expansion to the southwest,China,and the suitable areas expanded significantly.Comprehensive factor analysis showed that temperature and precipitation were the main bioclimatic variables of suitable areas distribution,and the low emission scenario(SSP 2-4.5)will be more conducive to the survival of Orchidaceae plants.展开更多
A discrete subset S of a topological gyrogroup G with the identity 0 is said to be a suitable set for G if it generates a dense subgyrogroup of G and S∪{0}is closed in G.In this paper,it is proved that each countable...A discrete subset S of a topological gyrogroup G with the identity 0 is said to be a suitable set for G if it generates a dense subgyrogroup of G and S∪{0}is closed in G.In this paper,it is proved that each countable Hausdorff topological gyrogroup has a suitable set;moreover,it is shown that each separable metrizable strongly topological gyrogroup has a suitable set.展开更多
Rivers are essential for water supply,agriculture,hydropower,and biodiversity,yet they face increasing threats from climate change and pollution globally.The Koshi River Basin,spanning China,Nepal,and India,is a trans...Rivers are essential for water supply,agriculture,hydropower,and biodiversity,yet they face increasing threats from climate change and pollution globally.The Koshi River Basin,spanning China,Nepal,and India,is a transboundary basin that includes glacier-fed headwaters and densely populated downstream regions.This study investigates the hydrogeochemistry and water quality dynamics of the basin,focusing on seasonal and spatial variations and their implications for drinking and irrigation suitability.A total of 117 water samples from different segments of the basin were analyzed across premonsoon,monsoon,and post-monsoon seasons using in-situ,laboratory tests,and multivariate statistical methods.The results indicated that carbonate and silicate weathering were the dominant sources of solutes in the study region,with Ca^(2+)and HCO_(3)^(-)being the major ionic constituents.Seasonal variations revealed higher ionic concentrations in pre-and postmonsoon periods due to increased mineralization,while monsoonal dilution significantly reduced solute loads.Spatially,the higher hydrogeochemistry index in the upstream and lower values in downstream tributaries indicate intensive weathering in the headwaters but are further diluted by melting water and precipitation downstream.Inversely,higher pollution risks only appeared in downstream areas,where NO_(3)^(-)suggested agricultural runoff and wastewater intrusion.Water quality index<50 classified most river segments as suitable for drinking,while sodium adsorption ratio<1 confirmed irrigation suitability,except in some segments of the downstream zones with higher anthropogenic influence based on major ions.This study also supports Sustainable Development Goal 6(clean water and sanitation),13(climate action),and 15(life on land)by providing critical insights into water quality dynamics and informing sustainable water management strategies applicable to other glacier-fed river basins worldwide.展开更多
Rapid urbanization in China has led to spatial antagonism between urban development and farmland protection and ecological security maintenance.Multi-objective spatial collaborative optimization is a powerful method f...Rapid urbanization in China has led to spatial antagonism between urban development and farmland protection and ecological security maintenance.Multi-objective spatial collaborative optimization is a powerful method for achieving sustainable regional development.Previous studies on multi-objective spatial optimization do not involve spatial corrections to simulation results based on the natural endowment of space resources.This study proposes an Ecological Security-Food Security-Urban Sustainable Development(ES-FS-USD)spatial optimization framework.This framework combines the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II(NSGA-II)and patch-generating land use simulation(PLUS)model with an ecological protection importance evaluation,comprehensive agricultural productivity evaluation,and urban sustainable development potential assessment and optimizes the territorial space in the Yangtze River Delta(YRD)region in 2035.The proposed sustainable development(SD)scenario can effectively reduce the destruction of landscape patterns of various land-use types while considering both ecological and economic benefits.The simulation results were further revised by evaluating the land-use suitability of the YRD region.According to the revised spatial pattern for the YRD in 2035,the farmland area accounts for 43.59%of the total YRD,which is 5.35%less than that in 2010.Forest,grassland,and water area account for 40.46%of the total YRD—an increase of 1.42%compared with the case in 2010.Construction land accounts for 14.72%of the total YRD—an increase of 2.77%compared with the case in 2010.The ES-FS-USD spatial optimization framework ensures that spatial optimization outcomes are aligned with the natural endowments of land resources,thereby promoting the sustainable use of land resources,improving the ability of spatial management,and providing valuable insights for decision makers.展开更多
The selection of a suitable navigation area is pivotal in aircraft scene matching guidance technology.This study addresses the challenge of identifying suitable reference image ranges for precise scene matching,which ...The selection of a suitable navigation area is pivotal in aircraft scene matching guidance technology.This study addresses the challenge of identifying suitable reference image ranges for precise scene matching,which is crucial for enhancing aircraft positioning accuracy.Traditional methods for image matchability analysis are often limited by their reliance on manual feature parameter design and threshold-based filtering,resulting in suboptimal accuracy and efficiency.This paper proposes a novel network architecture for selecting suitable navigation areas using image Matching Level Segmentation(MLSNet).The approach involves two key innovations:a method for generating segmentation labels that quantify matchability levels and an end-to-end network architecture for rapid and precise prediction of reference image matchability segmentation maps.The network includes two core modules:the saliency analysis module uses multi-layer convolutional networks to accurately detect image saliency features across various levels and scales;the multidimensional attention module utilizes attention mechanisms to focus on feature channels and spatial neighborhood scenes to assess the image’s matchability.Our method was rigorously tested on an extensive collection of remote sensing images,where it was benchmarked against a range of both traditional and cutting-edge deep learning methods.The findings indicate that MLSNet is significantly superior to traditional methods in accuracy and efficiency of matchability analysis,and is also relatively ahead of state-of-the-art deep learning models.展开更多
Saving people in distress can now bring a good Samaritan big bucks. The govemment of Guangzhou, Guangdong Province,announced in October that the maximum reward to people who risk their lives to save the lives and prop...Saving people in distress can now bring a good Samaritan big bucks. The govemment of Guangzhou, Guangdong Province,announced in October that the maximum reward to people who risk their lives to save the lives and property of others,whether civilians or civil ser- vants,would be raised from 50,000 yuan ($6,667)to 300,000($40,000)yuan.The high-展开更多
China has pledged to peak carbon dioxide(CO_(2))emissions by 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality by 2060.Carbon capture and storage(CCS)will play a key role in these efforts.Over the past several years,the China Geolog...China has pledged to peak carbon dioxide(CO_(2))emissions by 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality by 2060.Carbon capture and storage(CCS)will play a key role in these efforts.Over the past several years,the China Geological Survey(CGS)has completed the Suitability Evaluation Map of CO_(2)Geological Storage in Main Sedimentary Basins in China and Adjacent Sea Regions in 2017.This map reflects the suitability of the first-and secondary-order tectonic units within sedimentary basins for cO_(2)geological storage for CCS planning.The Junggar Basin is recognized as an important region for future CCS projects.Results from a mesoscale evaluation using the volume method indicate that deep saline aquifers represent the most significant resources for CO_(2)storage,with potential ranging from 48×10^(9)to 164×10^(9)t(with a P50 value of 96×10^(9)t).The highest storage potential is identified in the central and northern parts of the basin,reaching up to 9.5×10^(6)t/km^(2)at the P50 probability level.In contrast,the hinterland,eastern,and western parts of the basin generally exhibit storage potential of below 1.0×10^(6)t/km^(2)at the same probability level.The CGs has also characterized historical CO_(2)plume migration in reservoirs at the storage site of the Shenhua CCS demonstration project and conducted numerical simulations of CO_(2)plume migration for periods of 10 and 20 years following the shutdown of the injection well.The CGS implemented a kiloton-scale pilot test on CO_(2)-enhanced water recovery(CO_(2)-EWR)in eastern Junggar,revealing that CO_(2)flooding can improve the pressure for fluid production,with the highest ratio of CO_(2)to produced fluids estimated at approximately 1.2.Besides,an observation field for natural CO_(2)leakage,covering about 930 m^(2),was built in Qinghai Province.In natural CO_(2)fields or at artificial CO_(2)injection research sites,cO_(2)leakage points are primarily related to the distribution of faults(especially fault crossing),which can serve as pathways for CO_(2)leakage.The observation field provides a natural analog to wellbore failure and offers an opportunity to further monitor CO_(2)geological storage sites.However,it has been inferred that borehole ZK10 at the observation field has become a leakage pathway due to the drilling activities,inadequate well-plugging,and abandonment procedures without considering CO_(2)corrosion.展开更多
The rapid urbanization of rural areas often leads to the construction of medium to high-rise buildings without adequate knowledge of ground suitability,posing significant risks to structural safety and long-term devel...The rapid urbanization of rural areas often leads to the construction of medium to high-rise buildings without adequate knowledge of ground suitability,posing significant risks to structural safety and long-term development.This study addresses this critical issue by developing a Comprehensive Ground Suitability Index(CGSI)framework tailored for rural municipalities.Using Geographic Information Systems(GIS)and the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP),the CGSI integrates geophysical,geo-environmental,and geohazard parameters to systematically evaluate land suitability for construction.Data were collected from government agencies,previous studies,and field surveys focusing on theMunicipality ofOdiongan,Romblon.Parameters such as bearing capacity,soil type,slope,flood height,and liquefaction susceptibility were prioritized using AHP,ensuring consistency in decision-making.GIS tools were utilized to overlay weighted parameters,producing maps that categorize areas into suitability levels.Results reveal that Barangays Poctoy and Amatong are highly suitable for construction,while the Poblacion area exhibits marginal suitability due to high flood and liquefaction risks.The CGSI framework provides a structured,replicable approach to integrating multicriteria decision-making into urban planning,offering valuable insights for safe and sustainable development.This study underscores the urgency of combining GIS and AHP to address land-use challenges in rapidly urbanizing rural areas.The framework equips local governments with the tools to refine land use policies,mitigate hazards,and promote resilient urban development.Future research can enhance the CGSI by incorporating additional datasets and advanced modelling techniques to improve its applicability and precision.展开更多
Activity 1 Think about the following questions and write down your answers before reading the text.1.In your opinion,how could the swing sport be integrated into school physical education classes in different regions?...Activity 1 Think about the following questions and write down your answers before reading the text.1.In your opinion,how could the swing sport be integrated into school physical education classes in different regions?Do you think it's suitable for all schools?展开更多
Peer review is the cornerstone of scholarly publishing,providing independent assessment to ensure the quality and suitability of manuscripts.Reviewers stand at the forefront of this essential process,and their dedicat...Peer review is the cornerstone of scholarly publishing,providing independent assessment to ensure the quality and suitability of manuscripts.Reviewers stand at the forefront of this essential process,and their dedicated efforts are pivotal to upholding the high standards of our journal.展开更多
Pelagic fish are the most abundant species in upwelling regions,contributing 25%of total global fisheries production.Climate-driven changes in the marine environment play a crucial role in their population dynamics.Us...Pelagic fish are the most abundant species in upwelling regions,contributing 25%of total global fisheries production.Climate-driven changes in the marine environment play a crucial role in their population dynamics.Using Chilean jack mackerel(Trachurus murphyi)as an example,this study conducted simulations to quantify the impacts of environmental variations on the stock assessment.A habitat-based surplus production model was developed by integrating suitable habitat area into the model parameters carrying capacity(K)and intrinsic growth rate(r),with a suitable habitat area serving as the proxy for the environmental conditions for Chilean jack mackerel in the Southeast Pacific Ocean.The dynamics of Chilean jack mackerel stock and fisheries data were simulated,and four assessment models with different configurations were built to fit simulated data,with or without considering environmental effects.The results indicated that Joint K-r model,which integrated both parameters with the suitable habitat area index,outperformed the others by coming closest to the‘true'population dynamics.Ignoring habitat variations in the estimation model tended to overestimate biomass and underestimate harvest rate and reference points.Without observation and process error,the results were estimated with bias,while FMSY is relatively sensitive.This research illustrates the importance to consider random errors and environmental influences on populations,and provides foundation guidelines for future stock assessment.展开更多
Plenter forests,also known as uneven-aged or continuous cover forests enhance forest resilience and resistance against disturbances compared to even-aged forests.They are considered as an adaptation option to mitigate...Plenter forests,also known as uneven-aged or continuous cover forests enhance forest resilience and resistance against disturbances compared to even-aged forests.They are considered as an adaptation option to mitigate climate change effects.In this study,we present a conceptual approach to determine the potentially suitable area for plenter forest management within central European mixed species forests and apply our approach to the case study area in Styria,the south-eastern Province of Austria.The concept is based on ecological and technicaleconomic constraints and considers expected future climate conditions and its impact on plenter forest management.For each 1 ha forest pixel,we assess the ecological conditions for plenter forest management according to the autecological growth conditions of silver fir,and at least one additional shade tolerant tree species.The technical-economic constraints are defined by slope(≤30%)and distance to the next forest road(≤100 m)to ensure cost-efficient harvesting.The results show that under current climate conditions 28.1%or 305,349 ha of the forests in Styria are potentially suitable for plenter forest management.For the years 2071–2100 and under the climate change scenario RCP 4.5,the potential area decreases to 286,098 ha(26.3%of the total forest area)and for the scenario RCP 8.5 to 208,421 ha(19.1%of the total forest area).The main reason for these changes is the unfavourable growing conditions for silver fir in the lowlands,while in the higher elevations silver fir is likely to expand.Our results may serve forest managers to identify areas suitable for plenter forests and assist in the transformation of even-aged pure forests to uneven-aged forests to increase resistance,resilience,and biodiversity under climate change.展开更多
Conversion of dryland to paddy fields(CDPF)is an effective way to transition from rain-fed to irrigated agricul ture,helping to mitigate the effects of climate change on agriculture and increase yields to meet growing...Conversion of dryland to paddy fields(CDPF)is an effective way to transition from rain-fed to irrigated agricul ture,helping to mitigate the effects of climate change on agriculture and increase yields to meet growing food demand.However,the suitability of CDPF is spatio-temporally dynamic but has often been neglected in previous studies.To fill this knowledge gap,this research developed a novel method for quantifying the suitability of CDPF,based on the MaxEnt model for application in Northeast China.We explored the spatiotemporal characteristics of the suitability of CDPF under the baseline scenario(2010-2020),and future projections(2030-2090)coupled with climate change and socioeconomic development scenarios(SSP126,SSP245,and SSP585),and revealed the driving factors behind it.Based on this,we identified potential priority areas for future CDPF implementation.The results show that the suitability of CDPF projects implemented in the past ten years is relatively high.Com pared with the baseline scenario,the suitability of CDPF under the future scenarios will decline overall,with the lightest decrease in the RCP585 and the most severe decrease in the RCP245.The key drivers affecting the suitability of CDPF are elevation,slope,population count,total nitrogen,soil organic carbon content,and precip itation seasonality.The potential priority areas for the future CDPF range from 6,284.61 km^(2)to 37,006.02 km^(2).These findings demonstrate the challenges of CDPF in adapting to climate change and food security,and provide insights for food-producing regions around the world facing climate crises.展开更多
This study examines the influence of land suitability and investment in facilities on tourism potential,with a particular focus on the mediating role of community engagement.While previous research has explored the im...This study examines the influence of land suitability and investment in facilities on tourism potential,with a particular focus on the mediating role of community engagement.While previous research has explored the impact of environmental and infrastructural factors on tourism development,few studies have examined the interactive effects of community engagement in maximizing these benefits.This study aims to fill this gap by providing empirical evidence from Huangma Village,Jiangxi Province,China.A quantitative research design was adopted,using Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling(PLS-SEM)in SmartPLS to test the hypothesized relationships.Data were collected from 231 respondents,including local residents,tourism business owners,government officials,and infrastructure developers,through a structured survey questionnaire.The results confirm that land suitability and infrastructure investment significantly enhance tourism potential,with community engagement playing a crucial mediating role.The findings suggest that tourism success depends not only on physical and economic factors but also on active local participation in tourism-related initiatives.This study contributes to the literature by integrating environmental,infrastructural,and social dimensions of tourism development.The findings offer practical insights for policymakers and tourism planners,emphasizing the need for sustainable land management,strategic infrastructure investment,and participatory tourism governance to maximize tourism potential.展开更多
Cropland suitability analysis is a vital tool for ensuring food security and sustainable agriculture,coordinating ecological space with human activity space on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP).However,there are few stud...Cropland suitability analysis is a vital tool for ensuring food security and sustainable agriculture,coordinating ecological space with human activity space on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP).However,there are few studies on complete and accurate cropland suitability assessments on the QTP,let alone on identifying key potential areas for cropland development.We used a novel assessment model to generate a 30-m cropland suitability map for the QTP.The identification of areas with cropland development potential and the evaluation of potentially available cropland were further integrated into a unified analytical framework.We found that only 10.18%of the study area is suitable for large-scale and permanent cropland.Moreover,approximately 72.75%of the existing cropland was found to be distributed in suitable or marginally suitable areas.Considering the trade-offs related to irrigation water supply convenience,approximately 1.07%of the study area was identified as having high potential for cropland development.Four key potential areas were further identified:the Shannan Valley,the Nyingchi Valley,the Zanda Valley,and the Gonghe Basin.These areas boast abundant potentially available cropland resources and ecological resettlement capacities,which leads us to recommend strategic priorities for comprehensive land consolidation and water development.This study has practical significance for optimizing land resource allocation and guiding decision-making related to ecological migration on the QTP.展开更多
The influence of global climate change on endangered species is of growing concern, especially for rosewood species that are in urgent need of protection and restoration. Ecological niche models are commonly used to e...The influence of global climate change on endangered species is of growing concern, especially for rosewood species that are in urgent need of protection and restoration. Ecological niche models are commonly used to evaluate probable species’ distribution under climate change and contribute to decision-making to define efficient management strategies. A model was developed to forecast which habitat was most likely appropriate for the Dalbergia odorifera. We screened the main climatic variables that describe the current geographic distribution of the species based on maximum entropy modelling (Maxent). We subsequently assessed its potential future distribution under moderate (RCP2.6) and severe (RCP8.5) climate change scenarios for the years 2050 and 2070. The precipitation ranges of the wettest month and the warmest quarter are the primary limiting factors for the current distribution of D. odorifera among the climatic predictors. Climate change will be expected to have beneficial effects on the distribution range of D. odorifera. In conclusion, the main limits for the distribution of D. odorifera are determined by the level of precipitation and human activities. The results of this study indicate that the coasts of southern China and Chongqing will play a key role in the protection and restoration of D. odorifera in the future.展开更多
Evaluating the habitat suitability of flagship species and its key influencing factors is vital for understanding potential conservation issues and developing coping strategies.We surveyed the wintering population siz...Evaluating the habitat suitability of flagship species and its key influencing factors is vital for understanding potential conservation issues and developing coping strategies.We surveyed the wintering population size and distribution of the Black-necked Crane(Grus nigricollis)in the Yarlung Zangbo River Basin(YZRB)from 10 to 29 January 2022,and predicted the current potentially suitable habitat distribution and its effective factors using the Max Ent model.A total of 9337 wintering Black-necked Cranes were recorded in the YZRB in 2022,76.58%of which were primarily found in Lhunzub,Samzhubze,Namling,and Lhaze.Compared to 2018,the crane population has exhibited a notable decline in Samzhubze and Taktse,likely due to farmland plowing,winter irrigation,changes in agricultural practices,road construction and hydraulic projects.The crane population within various counties exhibited a significant positive correlation with the suitable habitat area(r=0.70,P=0.002,n=17).We also found that the currently suitable habitat area covered 17,204 km~2,of which only 3244 km~2(18.86%)was effectively protected at the national level,which was predominantly distributed in farmland and rangeland habitats characterized by gentle slopes,altitudes not exceeding 4500 m,and proximity to human settlements along rivers,where suitable isothermal values(51)and less seasonal precipitation(20 mm)prevail.Our study will be helpful for formulating reasonable conservation strategies to protect the core population of this threatened highland flagship species.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2020YFB1708300)the Project funded by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2021M701310).
文摘This work puts forward an explicit isogeometric topology optimization(ITO)method using moving morphable components(MMC),which takes the suitably graded truncated hierarchical B-Spline based isogeometric analysis as the solver of physical unknown(SGTHB-ITO-MMC).By applying properly basis graded constraints to the hierarchical mesh of truncated hierarchical B-splines(THB),the convergence and robustness of the SGTHB-ITOMMC are simultaneously improved and the tiny holes occurred in optimized structure are eliminated,due to the improved accuracy around the explicit structural boundaries.Moreover,an efficient computational method is developed for the topological description functions(TDF)ofMMC under the admissible hierarchicalmesh,which consists of reducing the dimensionality strategy for design space and the locally computing strategy for hierarchical mesh.We apply the above SGTHB-ITO-MMC with improved efficiency to a series of 2D and 3Dcompliance design problems.The numerical results show that the proposed SGTHB-ITO-MMC method outperforms the traditional THB-ITO-MMCmethod in terms of convergence rate and efficiency.Therefore,the proposed SGTHB-ITO-MMC is an effective way of solving topology optimization(TO)problems.
基金funded by the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research(STEP)program(Grant No.2019QZKK0608).
文摘Global climate change is a pressing environmental challenge.Climate-induced migration highlights the severe impact of unsuitable climatic conditions.However,current research methods are limited in their ability to assess climate suitability for residents in high-altitude areas.In this study,we assess climate suitability across the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau from 1979 to 2018 and project future changes using four different Shared Socioeconomic Pathway(SSP)climate scenarios by constructing the Climate Suitability Index(CSI).The findings reveal a notable increase in CSI from 0.32 to 0.36 from 1979 to 2018.The primary factors contributing to the increased climate suitability are increasing annual mean precipitation(61.42%)and decreasing solar radiation(17.22%)from 1979 to 2018.Furthermore,the study forecasts a continued enhancement of climate suitability across all SSP scenarios,with SSP585 demonstrating the greatest improvement,followed by SSP370,SSP245,and SSP126.Although low oxygen levels at high altitudes remain a challenge,the overall improvement in climate suitability offers hope for people living at high altitudes to cope with climate change.
基金project titled“Research on the Distribution Trend of Suitable Habitats for Terrestrial Wild Animals”(Number:SXBYKY2021029).
文摘Ungulates serve as key components in maintaining ecosystem stability,and their ecological functions are closely linked to the integrity of giant panda habitats within Wanglang National Nature Reserve.Assessment of ungulate habitat suitability in this reserve can provide critical insights into the distribution patterns of ungulate communities across protected areas while informing conservation strategy optimization.Therefore,six ungulate species were monitored,including Tufted deer(Elaphodus cephalophus),Chinese serow(Capricornis milneedwardsii),Chinese goral(Naemorhedus griseus),Sichuan takin(Budorcas taxicolor),Reeve's muntjac(Muntiacus reevesi),and Wild boar(Sus scrofa)in Wanglang National Nature Reserve.The infrared camera monitoring data(a total of 83 sites)and 23 environmental variables were collected from January 2011 to May 2019,the relative abundance index(RAI),independent samples t-test,and optimized MaxEnt model were employed to evaluate the habitat suitability of six ungulate species.Our findings were as follows:(1)there were significant differences in the annual RAI among the six ungulate species(P<0.01).(2)the suitable habitat area varied among species:Tufted deer occupied 9578 hm^(2)(31.08%of the total),Chinese serow 10,093 hm^(2)(32.75%);Chinese goral 9936 hm^(2)(32.24%);Sichuan takin 10,992 hm^(2)(35.67%);Reeve's muntjac 9542 hm^(2)(30.96%);and Wild boar 9642 hm^(2)(31.28%).(3)the spatial niche overlaps between each pair of the six ungulates were all relatively high(D=0.77-0.89).(4)the annual average temperature,precipitation during the coldest season,and vegetation were the key factors influencing habitat selection.These findings offer valuable references for the conservation of ungulates in natural reserve and are conducive to formulating more scientific and effective.
基金funded by Project of Scientific Research Business Expenses of Provincial Scientific Research Institutes in Heilongjiang Province(No.CZKYF2023-1-B024)Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences Dean Fund Project(No.YZ2022ZR02)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Basic Resources Investigation Program of China(No.2019FY100500)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2572023CT11).
文摘The study aimed at predicting potential suitable areas with national key reserve Orchidaceae plants in Heilongjiang province and conducive to plant protection.The distribution point data of six Orchidaceae plants and 19 bioclimatic variables were selected,and the environmental factors required for modeling were screened out by pearson correlation analysis and variance inflation factor(VIF)analysis.The potential suitable areas of Orchidaceae plants were predictat present and under different climate scenarios in 2090s by using geographic information system(GIS)and Maximum Entropy Model(MaxEnt).And then evaluated the prediction accuracy of the MaxEnt model using the AUC value,the TSS value and the Kappa value.The results showed that:1)The area under curve(AUC)values,true skill statistics(TSS)values and KAPPA values predicted by MaxEnt model were separately above 0.9,0.85 and 0.75.2)Under the climate scenario at present,the total suitable area of Orchidaceae plants was about 9.61×10^(6)km^(2),which was mainly distributed in Heilongjiang province.Among them,the high-suitable area of Cypripedium shanxiense S.C.Chen was the largest,the non-suitable area of Cypripedium guttatum Sw was the largest.3)Under different climate scenarios in 2090s,the total suitable area was slightly increasing(9.62×10^(6)km^(2)).Among them,Cypripedium shanxiense S.C.Chen and Gastrodiae Rhizoma both showed the trend of expansion to the southwest,China,and the suitable areas expanded significantly.Comprehensive factor analysis showed that temperature and precipitation were the main bioclimatic variables of suitable areas distribution,and the low emission scenario(SSP 2-4.5)will be more conducive to the survival of Orchidaceae plants.
基金supported by Fujian Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(2024J02022)the NSFC(11571158)+1 种基金supported by the NSFC(12071199)supported by the Young and middle-aged project in Fujian Province(JAT190397)。
文摘A discrete subset S of a topological gyrogroup G with the identity 0 is said to be a suitable set for G if it generates a dense subgyrogroup of G and S∪{0}is closed in G.In this paper,it is proved that each countable Hausdorff topological gyrogroup has a suitable set;moreover,it is shown that each separable metrizable strongly topological gyrogroup has a suitable set.
基金financially supported by the CASANSO Sustainable Development Research Project(Grant No.CAS-ANSO-SDRP-2024-05)the Research Directorate,Rector’s Office Tribhuvan University,Nepal(TU-NPAR-079/80-ERG-08)。
文摘Rivers are essential for water supply,agriculture,hydropower,and biodiversity,yet they face increasing threats from climate change and pollution globally.The Koshi River Basin,spanning China,Nepal,and India,is a transboundary basin that includes glacier-fed headwaters and densely populated downstream regions.This study investigates the hydrogeochemistry and water quality dynamics of the basin,focusing on seasonal and spatial variations and their implications for drinking and irrigation suitability.A total of 117 water samples from different segments of the basin were analyzed across premonsoon,monsoon,and post-monsoon seasons using in-situ,laboratory tests,and multivariate statistical methods.The results indicated that carbonate and silicate weathering were the dominant sources of solutes in the study region,with Ca^(2+)and HCO_(3)^(-)being the major ionic constituents.Seasonal variations revealed higher ionic concentrations in pre-and postmonsoon periods due to increased mineralization,while monsoonal dilution significantly reduced solute loads.Spatially,the higher hydrogeochemistry index in the upstream and lower values in downstream tributaries indicate intensive weathering in the headwaters but are further diluted by melting water and precipitation downstream.Inversely,higher pollution risks only appeared in downstream areas,where NO_(3)^(-)suggested agricultural runoff and wastewater intrusion.Water quality index<50 classified most river segments as suitable for drinking,while sodium adsorption ratio<1 confirmed irrigation suitability,except in some segments of the downstream zones with higher anthropogenic influence based on major ions.This study also supports Sustainable Development Goal 6(clean water and sanitation),13(climate action),and 15(life on land)by providing critical insights into water quality dynamics and informing sustainable water management strategies applicable to other glacier-fed river basins worldwide.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.42301470,No.52270185,No.42171389Capacity Building Program of Local Colleges and Universities in Shanghai,No.21010503300。
文摘Rapid urbanization in China has led to spatial antagonism between urban development and farmland protection and ecological security maintenance.Multi-objective spatial collaborative optimization is a powerful method for achieving sustainable regional development.Previous studies on multi-objective spatial optimization do not involve spatial corrections to simulation results based on the natural endowment of space resources.This study proposes an Ecological Security-Food Security-Urban Sustainable Development(ES-FS-USD)spatial optimization framework.This framework combines the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II(NSGA-II)and patch-generating land use simulation(PLUS)model with an ecological protection importance evaluation,comprehensive agricultural productivity evaluation,and urban sustainable development potential assessment and optimizes the territorial space in the Yangtze River Delta(YRD)region in 2035.The proposed sustainable development(SD)scenario can effectively reduce the destruction of landscape patterns of various land-use types while considering both ecological and economic benefits.The simulation results were further revised by evaluating the land-use suitability of the YRD region.According to the revised spatial pattern for the YRD in 2035,the farmland area accounts for 43.59%of the total YRD,which is 5.35%less than that in 2010.Forest,grassland,and water area account for 40.46%of the total YRD—an increase of 1.42%compared with the case in 2010.Construction land accounts for 14.72%of the total YRD—an increase of 2.77%compared with the case in 2010.The ES-FS-USD spatial optimization framework ensures that spatial optimization outcomes are aligned with the natural endowments of land resources,thereby promoting the sustainable use of land resources,improving the ability of spatial management,and providing valuable insights for decision makers.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42271446)in part by the Tianjin Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Navigation Positioning and Spatio-Temporary Big Data Technology,China(No.TKL2024B13)in part by the Science and Technology Program of Tianjin,China(No.24YFYSHZ00080)。
文摘The selection of a suitable navigation area is pivotal in aircraft scene matching guidance technology.This study addresses the challenge of identifying suitable reference image ranges for precise scene matching,which is crucial for enhancing aircraft positioning accuracy.Traditional methods for image matchability analysis are often limited by their reliance on manual feature parameter design and threshold-based filtering,resulting in suboptimal accuracy and efficiency.This paper proposes a novel network architecture for selecting suitable navigation areas using image Matching Level Segmentation(MLSNet).The approach involves two key innovations:a method for generating segmentation labels that quantify matchability levels and an end-to-end network architecture for rapid and precise prediction of reference image matchability segmentation maps.The network includes two core modules:the saliency analysis module uses multi-layer convolutional networks to accurately detect image saliency features across various levels and scales;the multidimensional attention module utilizes attention mechanisms to focus on feature channels and spatial neighborhood scenes to assess the image’s matchability.Our method was rigorously tested on an extensive collection of remote sensing images,where it was benchmarked against a range of both traditional and cutting-edge deep learning methods.The findings indicate that MLSNet is significantly superior to traditional methods in accuracy and efficiency of matchability analysis,and is also relatively ahead of state-of-the-art deep learning models.
文摘Saving people in distress can now bring a good Samaritan big bucks. The govemment of Guangzhou, Guangdong Province,announced in October that the maximum reward to people who risk their lives to save the lives and property of others,whether civilians or civil ser- vants,would be raised from 50,000 yuan ($6,667)to 300,000($40,000)yuan.The high-
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42141013)China Geological Survey(DD20221818,DD20242513).
文摘China has pledged to peak carbon dioxide(CO_(2))emissions by 2030 and achieve carbon neutrality by 2060.Carbon capture and storage(CCS)will play a key role in these efforts.Over the past several years,the China Geological Survey(CGS)has completed the Suitability Evaluation Map of CO_(2)Geological Storage in Main Sedimentary Basins in China and Adjacent Sea Regions in 2017.This map reflects the suitability of the first-and secondary-order tectonic units within sedimentary basins for cO_(2)geological storage for CCS planning.The Junggar Basin is recognized as an important region for future CCS projects.Results from a mesoscale evaluation using the volume method indicate that deep saline aquifers represent the most significant resources for CO_(2)storage,with potential ranging from 48×10^(9)to 164×10^(9)t(with a P50 value of 96×10^(9)t).The highest storage potential is identified in the central and northern parts of the basin,reaching up to 9.5×10^(6)t/km^(2)at the P50 probability level.In contrast,the hinterland,eastern,and western parts of the basin generally exhibit storage potential of below 1.0×10^(6)t/km^(2)at the same probability level.The CGs has also characterized historical CO_(2)plume migration in reservoirs at the storage site of the Shenhua CCS demonstration project and conducted numerical simulations of CO_(2)plume migration for periods of 10 and 20 years following the shutdown of the injection well.The CGS implemented a kiloton-scale pilot test on CO_(2)-enhanced water recovery(CO_(2)-EWR)in eastern Junggar,revealing that CO_(2)flooding can improve the pressure for fluid production,with the highest ratio of CO_(2)to produced fluids estimated at approximately 1.2.Besides,an observation field for natural CO_(2)leakage,covering about 930 m^(2),was built in Qinghai Province.In natural CO_(2)fields or at artificial CO_(2)injection research sites,cO_(2)leakage points are primarily related to the distribution of faults(especially fault crossing),which can serve as pathways for CO_(2)leakage.The observation field provides a natural analog to wellbore failure and offers an opportunity to further monitor CO_(2)geological storage sites.However,it has been inferred that borehole ZK10 at the observation field has become a leakage pathway due to the drilling activities,inadequate well-plugging,and abandonment procedures without considering CO_(2)corrosion.
文摘The rapid urbanization of rural areas often leads to the construction of medium to high-rise buildings without adequate knowledge of ground suitability,posing significant risks to structural safety and long-term development.This study addresses this critical issue by developing a Comprehensive Ground Suitability Index(CGSI)framework tailored for rural municipalities.Using Geographic Information Systems(GIS)and the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP),the CGSI integrates geophysical,geo-environmental,and geohazard parameters to systematically evaluate land suitability for construction.Data were collected from government agencies,previous studies,and field surveys focusing on theMunicipality ofOdiongan,Romblon.Parameters such as bearing capacity,soil type,slope,flood height,and liquefaction susceptibility were prioritized using AHP,ensuring consistency in decision-making.GIS tools were utilized to overlay weighted parameters,producing maps that categorize areas into suitability levels.Results reveal that Barangays Poctoy and Amatong are highly suitable for construction,while the Poblacion area exhibits marginal suitability due to high flood and liquefaction risks.The CGSI framework provides a structured,replicable approach to integrating multicriteria decision-making into urban planning,offering valuable insights for safe and sustainable development.This study underscores the urgency of combining GIS and AHP to address land-use challenges in rapidly urbanizing rural areas.The framework equips local governments with the tools to refine land use policies,mitigate hazards,and promote resilient urban development.Future research can enhance the CGSI by incorporating additional datasets and advanced modelling techniques to improve its applicability and precision.
文摘Activity 1 Think about the following questions and write down your answers before reading the text.1.In your opinion,how could the swing sport be integrated into school physical education classes in different regions?Do you think it's suitable for all schools?
文摘Peer review is the cornerstone of scholarly publishing,providing independent assessment to ensure the quality and suitability of manuscripts.Reviewers stand at the forefront of this essential process,and their dedicated efforts are pivotal to upholding the high standards of our journal.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2019YFD0901404)。
文摘Pelagic fish are the most abundant species in upwelling regions,contributing 25%of total global fisheries production.Climate-driven changes in the marine environment play a crucial role in their population dynamics.Using Chilean jack mackerel(Trachurus murphyi)as an example,this study conducted simulations to quantify the impacts of environmental variations on the stock assessment.A habitat-based surplus production model was developed by integrating suitable habitat area into the model parameters carrying capacity(K)and intrinsic growth rate(r),with a suitable habitat area serving as the proxy for the environmental conditions for Chilean jack mackerel in the Southeast Pacific Ocean.The dynamics of Chilean jack mackerel stock and fisheries data were simulated,and four assessment models with different configurations were built to fit simulated data,with or without considering environmental effects.The results indicated that Joint K-r model,which integrated both parameters with the suitable habitat area index,outperformed the others by coming closest to the‘true'population dynamics.Ignoring habitat variations in the estimation model tended to overestimate biomass and underestimate harvest rate and reference points.Without observation and process error,the results were estimated with bias,while FMSY is relatively sensitive.This research illustrates the importance to consider random errors and environmental influences on populations,and provides foundation guidelines for future stock assessment.
基金part of the project“Areas of Forest Innovation Climate Smart Forestry”(project nr.101726),WP Modelling Plenter Forest vs.Even-aged Forest,funded by the Austrian Ministry of Agriculture,Forestry,Regions and Water Managementfunded by the province of Styria(Austria),the Austrian Federal Ministry of Agriculture,Forestry,Regions and Water Management and the European Union via the projects“Waldtypisierung Steiermark-FORSITE”(LE14-20)and“FORSITEⅡ-Investigation of the ecological base line information for a dynamic forest site classification in Upper Austria,Lower Austria and Burgenland”(101746)financial support came from BOKU University。
文摘Plenter forests,also known as uneven-aged or continuous cover forests enhance forest resilience and resistance against disturbances compared to even-aged forests.They are considered as an adaptation option to mitigate climate change effects.In this study,we present a conceptual approach to determine the potentially suitable area for plenter forest management within central European mixed species forests and apply our approach to the case study area in Styria,the south-eastern Province of Austria.The concept is based on ecological and technicaleconomic constraints and considers expected future climate conditions and its impact on plenter forest management.For each 1 ha forest pixel,we assess the ecological conditions for plenter forest management according to the autecological growth conditions of silver fir,and at least one additional shade tolerant tree species.The technical-economic constraints are defined by slope(≤30%)and distance to the next forest road(≤100 m)to ensure cost-efficient harvesting.The results show that under current climate conditions 28.1%or 305,349 ha of the forests in Styria are potentially suitable for plenter forest management.For the years 2071–2100 and under the climate change scenario RCP 4.5,the potential area decreases to 286,098 ha(26.3%of the total forest area)and for the scenario RCP 8.5 to 208,421 ha(19.1%of the total forest area).The main reason for these changes is the unfavourable growing conditions for silver fir in the lowlands,while in the higher elevations silver fir is likely to expand.Our results may serve forest managers to identify areas suitable for plenter forests and assist in the transformation of even-aged pure forests to uneven-aged forests to increase resistance,resilience,and biodiversity under climate change.
基金supported by the Ministry of Education of Human-ities and Social Science project,China(Grant No.21YJA630121)the National Key Technology R&D Program of Ministry of Science and Technology of China(Grant No.2023YFD1500103)+2 种基金the Tsinghua Rural Studies PhD Scholarship(Grant No.202323)2023 Gradu-ate Innovation Fund Project of China University of Geosciences,Beijing(Grant No.ZD2023YC043)National Social Science Fund of China(Grants No.19ZDA096 and 20&ZD090)。
文摘Conversion of dryland to paddy fields(CDPF)is an effective way to transition from rain-fed to irrigated agricul ture,helping to mitigate the effects of climate change on agriculture and increase yields to meet growing food demand.However,the suitability of CDPF is spatio-temporally dynamic but has often been neglected in previous studies.To fill this knowledge gap,this research developed a novel method for quantifying the suitability of CDPF,based on the MaxEnt model for application in Northeast China.We explored the spatiotemporal characteristics of the suitability of CDPF under the baseline scenario(2010-2020),and future projections(2030-2090)coupled with climate change and socioeconomic development scenarios(SSP126,SSP245,and SSP585),and revealed the driving factors behind it.Based on this,we identified potential priority areas for future CDPF implementation.The results show that the suitability of CDPF projects implemented in the past ten years is relatively high.Com pared with the baseline scenario,the suitability of CDPF under the future scenarios will decline overall,with the lightest decrease in the RCP585 and the most severe decrease in the RCP245.The key drivers affecting the suitability of CDPF are elevation,slope,population count,total nitrogen,soil organic carbon content,and precip itation seasonality.The potential priority areas for the future CDPF range from 6,284.61 km^(2)to 37,006.02 km^(2).These findings demonstrate the challenges of CDPF in adapting to climate change and food security,and provide insights for food-producing regions around the world facing climate crises.
文摘This study examines the influence of land suitability and investment in facilities on tourism potential,with a particular focus on the mediating role of community engagement.While previous research has explored the impact of environmental and infrastructural factors on tourism development,few studies have examined the interactive effects of community engagement in maximizing these benefits.This study aims to fill this gap by providing empirical evidence from Huangma Village,Jiangxi Province,China.A quantitative research design was adopted,using Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling(PLS-SEM)in SmartPLS to test the hypothesized relationships.Data were collected from 231 respondents,including local residents,tourism business owners,government officials,and infrastructure developers,through a structured survey questionnaire.The results confirm that land suitability and infrastructure investment significantly enhance tourism potential,with community engagement playing a crucial mediating role.The findings suggest that tourism success depends not only on physical and economic factors but also on active local participation in tourism-related initiatives.This study contributes to the literature by integrating environmental,infrastructural,and social dimensions of tourism development.The findings offer practical insights for policymakers and tourism planners,emphasizing the need for sustainable land management,strategic infrastructure investment,and participatory tourism governance to maximize tourism potential.
基金The Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research ProgramNo.2019QZKK0406。
文摘Cropland suitability analysis is a vital tool for ensuring food security and sustainable agriculture,coordinating ecological space with human activity space on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP).However,there are few studies on complete and accurate cropland suitability assessments on the QTP,let alone on identifying key potential areas for cropland development.We used a novel assessment model to generate a 30-m cropland suitability map for the QTP.The identification of areas with cropland development potential and the evaluation of potentially available cropland were further integrated into a unified analytical framework.We found that only 10.18%of the study area is suitable for large-scale and permanent cropland.Moreover,approximately 72.75%of the existing cropland was found to be distributed in suitable or marginally suitable areas.Considering the trade-offs related to irrigation water supply convenience,approximately 1.07%of the study area was identified as having high potential for cropland development.Four key potential areas were further identified:the Shannan Valley,the Nyingchi Valley,the Zanda Valley,and the Gonghe Basin.These areas boast abundant potentially available cropland resources and ecological resettlement capacities,which leads us to recommend strategic priorities for comprehensive land consolidation and water development.This study has practical significance for optimizing land resource allocation and guiding decision-making related to ecological migration on the QTP.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC 31761143002,NSFC 3207178)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M710405)the National Forest and Grassland Genetic Recourse(No.2005DKA21003).
文摘The influence of global climate change on endangered species is of growing concern, especially for rosewood species that are in urgent need of protection and restoration. Ecological niche models are commonly used to evaluate probable species’ distribution under climate change and contribute to decision-making to define efficient management strategies. A model was developed to forecast which habitat was most likely appropriate for the Dalbergia odorifera. We screened the main climatic variables that describe the current geographic distribution of the species based on maximum entropy modelling (Maxent). We subsequently assessed its potential future distribution under moderate (RCP2.6) and severe (RCP8.5) climate change scenarios for the years 2050 and 2070. The precipitation ranges of the wettest month and the warmest quarter are the primary limiting factors for the current distribution of D. odorifera among the climatic predictors. Climate change will be expected to have beneficial effects on the distribution range of D. odorifera. In conclusion, the main limits for the distribution of D. odorifera are determined by the level of precipitation and human activities. The results of this study indicate that the coasts of southern China and Chongqing will play a key role in the protection and restoration of D. odorifera in the future.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32070530)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2019YFA0607103)+1 种基金the Qilian Mountain National Park Qinghai Province Management Bureauthe National Forestry and Grassland Administration of China。
文摘Evaluating the habitat suitability of flagship species and its key influencing factors is vital for understanding potential conservation issues and developing coping strategies.We surveyed the wintering population size and distribution of the Black-necked Crane(Grus nigricollis)in the Yarlung Zangbo River Basin(YZRB)from 10 to 29 January 2022,and predicted the current potentially suitable habitat distribution and its effective factors using the Max Ent model.A total of 9337 wintering Black-necked Cranes were recorded in the YZRB in 2022,76.58%of which were primarily found in Lhunzub,Samzhubze,Namling,and Lhaze.Compared to 2018,the crane population has exhibited a notable decline in Samzhubze and Taktse,likely due to farmland plowing,winter irrigation,changes in agricultural practices,road construction and hydraulic projects.The crane population within various counties exhibited a significant positive correlation with the suitable habitat area(r=0.70,P=0.002,n=17).We also found that the currently suitable habitat area covered 17,204 km~2,of which only 3244 km~2(18.86%)was effectively protected at the national level,which was predominantly distributed in farmland and rangeland habitats characterized by gentle slopes,altitudes not exceeding 4500 m,and proximity to human settlements along rivers,where suitable isothermal values(51)and less seasonal precipitation(20 mm)prevail.Our study will be helpful for formulating reasonable conservation strategies to protect the core population of this threatened highland flagship species.
