Sugarcane/soybean intercropping with reduced nitrogen addition is an important sustainable agricultural pattern that can alter soil ecological functions,thereby affecting straw decomposition in the soil.However,the me...Sugarcane/soybean intercropping with reduced nitrogen addition is an important sustainable agricultural pattern that can alter soil ecological functions,thereby affecting straw decomposition in the soil.However,the mechanisms underlying changes in soil organic carbon(SOC)composition and microbial communities during straw decomposition under long-term intercropping with reduced nitrogen addition remain unclear.In this study,we conducted an in-situ microplot incubation experiment with^(13)C-labeled soybean straw residue addition in a two-factor(cropping pattern:sugarcane monoculture(MS)and sugarcane/soybean intercropping(SB);nitrogen addition levels:reduced nitrogen addition(N1)and conventional nitrogen addition(N2))long-term experimental field plot.The results showed that the SBN1 treatment significantly increased the residual particulate organic carbon(POC)and residual microbial biomass carbon(MBC)contents during straw decomposition,and the straw carbon in soil was mainly conserved as POC.Straw addition changed the structure and reduced the diversity of the soil microbial community,but microbial diversity gradually recovered with decomposition time.During straw decomposition,the intercropping pattern significantly increased the relative abundances of Firmicutes and Ascomycota.In addition,straw addition reduced microbial network complexity in the sugarcane/soybean intercropping pattern but increased it in the sugarcane monoculture pattern.Nevertheless,microbial network complexity remained higher in the SBN1 treatment than in the MSN1 treatment.In general,the SBN1 treatment significantly increased the diversity of microbial communities and the relative abundance of microorganisms associated with organic matter decomposition,and the changes in microbial communities were mainly driven by the residual labile SOC fractions.These findings suggest that more straw carbon can be sequestered in the soil under sugarcane/soybean intercropping with reduced nitrogen addition to maintain microbial diversity and contribute to the development of sustainable agriculture.展开更多
Alternative methods for biodiesel purification that focus on ease of operation,cost reduction,and elimination of contaminated residues or that are easier to treat have received more attention.The dry wash route was us...Alternative methods for biodiesel purification that focus on ease of operation,cost reduction,and elimination of contaminated residues or that are easier to treat have received more attention.The dry wash route was used as an alternative to the wet route in biodiesel production.Filter membranes were developed based on cellulose nanofibers as the matrix and sugarcane bagasse fibers or soy hulls,as reinforcement to the matrix,before and after two chemical treatments(carboxymethylation and regeneration with sulfuric acid).The filters were characterized by permeability capacity,morphology,wettability,porosity,SEM and mechanical properties.The filtered biodiesel was also completely characterized.One of the major impacts of dry purification of biodiesel was the glycerin content after filtration.The filters CNFBR 20-28,CNFSR 5-28,CNFSR 5-35,and CNFBC 5-28 produced purified biodiesel with glycerin content below 0.02%(200 mg/L).Another relevant fact is related to the best results for acidity index,combined alkalinity,and glycerin content,obtained by the regenerated filter CNFBR 20-28,which presented a considerable permeate flow rate value above 4145 L h^(-1) m^(-2),which can be related to compacted lamellar layers observed by SEM.The produced filters were applied to biodiesel purification using a low-pressure filtration system and a simple vacuum pump,which resulted in an appreciable reduction in cost.The produced filter with sugarcane bagasse fiber carboxymethylated at 28 mesh of granulometry was efficient for biodiesel purification,including the efficient removal of free glycerin,in agreement with the standards defined by the national controlling agencies.展开更多
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of interplanting of sugarcane with watermelon and soybean on agronomic traits, yields, quality and benefit of crops, so as to provide reference for extension of the ...This study was conducted to investigate the effects of interplanting of sugarcane with watermelon and soybean on agronomic traits, yields, quality and benefit of crops, so as to provide reference for extension of the interplanting mode of sugarcane with watermelon or soybean. There were 4 treatments： CK1 （sole planting of sugarcane, no fertilization）, CK2 （sole planting of sugarcane, applying chemical fertilizers）, T1 （interplanting sugarcane with watermelon, applying chemical fertilizers ＋ cow dung）, and T2 （interplanting sugarcane with soybean, applying chemical fertilizers ＋ cow dung）. The results showed that compared with CK2, the sugarcane yield of treatment T1 reached 2.5 t/hm2, the watermelon yield was 1.02 t/hm2, and the total economic benefit increased by 3090 Yuan/hm2; the sugarcane yield in treatment T2 decreased by 7.61 t/hm2 （but not significant）, and the soybean yield was 0.35 t/hm2, and the total economic benefit increased by 720 Yuan/hm2; and the total sugar content in watermelon flesh was 8.59%, and the crude protein content in soybean was 36.15%, satisfying the quality indexes of the same agricultural products. Compared with sole planting of sugarcane, sugarcane plus watermelon or soybean interplanting mode improved economic benefit, treatment T1 showed economic benefit far higher than treatment T2, and is suitable for sugarcane regions with good water and fertilizer conditions and enough labor, and the T2 mode has simple operation, and is suitable for large-area extension.展开更多
Sugarcane is recognized as the fifth largest crop globally,supplying 80%of sugar and 40%of bioenergy production.However,sugarcane genetic research has significantly lagged behind other crops due to its complex genetic...Sugarcane is recognized as the fifth largest crop globally,supplying 80%of sugar and 40%of bioenergy production.However,sugarcane genetic research has significantly lagged behind other crops due to its complex genetic background,high ploidy(8-13×),aneuploidy,limited flowering,and a long growth cycle(more than one year).Cross breeding began in 1887 following the discovery that sugarcane seeds could germinate.Both self-and cross-pollination and selection were conducted by sugarcane breeders,but new cultivars were often eliminated due to disease susceptibility.Within the Saccharum genus,different species possess variable numbers of chromosomes.Wild sugarcane species intercrossed with each other,leading to development of the‘Nobilization’breeding strategy,which significantly improved yield,sucrose,fiber content,and disease resistance,and accelerated genetic improvement of cultivars.In recent years,scientific achievements have also been made in sugarcane genome sequencing,molecular marker development,genetic linkage map construction,localization of quantitative trait locus(QTL),and trait-associated gene identification.This review focuses on the progress in sugarcane genetic research,analyzes the technical difficulties faced,presents opportunities and challenges,and provides guidance and references for future sugarcane genetics research and cultivar breeding.Finally,it offers directions for future on sugarcane genetics.展开更多
Natural rubber(NR)foams are widely used.However,further studies are required for preparing eco-friendly NR foam and determining the optimum physical properties appropriate for application.This study aims to create an ...Natural rubber(NR)foams are widely used.However,further studies are required for preparing eco-friendly NR foam and determining the optimum physical properties appropriate for application.This study aims to create an NR foam from rubber reinforced with sugarcane bagasse ash(SCBA)and sodium alginate.The results showed that the SCBA was primarily composed of silica or silicon dioxide(87.52%by weight)and carbon(11.41%by weight).This study investigated the influence of the amount of sodium alginate(0-5 phr)used in the NR foam formation.The addition of SCBA on the NR foam affected the density,swelling behavior,and crosslink density of the foam.The results identified an optimal loading level that improved the density and morphology of the foam.The hardness and modulus of the NR foam increased with increasing amounts of SCBA,suggesting insufficient reinforcement.The NR exhibited the highest compressive stress at the SCBA concentration of 5 phr.This study facilitates the development of NR as green material and other support materials.展开更多
Isochorismate synthase(ICS),a key rate-limiting enzyme in the salicylic acid(SA)biosynthesis pathway in plants,is essential for plant growth and defense against diseases.However,there has been no report on ICS in suga...Isochorismate synthase(ICS),a key rate-limiting enzyme in the salicylic acid(SA)biosynthesis pathway in plants,is essential for plant growth and defense against diseases.However,there has been no report on ICS in sugarcane(Saccharum spp.).In this study,18 SsICSs,42 ShICSs,and 36 SzICSs were identified from the genomes of sugarcane AP85-441(Saccharum spontaneum),XTT22(Saccharum spp.hybrid cultivar),and ZZ1(Saccharum spp.hybrid cultivar),respectively.These were phylogenetically divided into three groups,forming distinct clades that were evolutionarily divergent from those in dicotyledonous species.The evolutionary profile of the ICS gene family suggested expansion through whole-genome duplication/segmental events and strong purifying selection.Promoter cis-element and transcriptome analyses indicated that the ICS gene family responded to disease stress.We cloned the ScICS(isochorismate synthase)gene from sugarcane cultivar XTT22 leaves,and found it was localized in chloroplasts.In vivo and in vitro interaction studies revealed an interaction between ScICS and an ScMYB transcription factor.We showed that ScWRKY28 positively regulated ScICS expression by binding to its promoter.ScICS overexpression in transgenic tobacco confirmed its effectiveness in enhancing disease resistance.There was a significant increase in SA content following pathogen infection along with activation of downstream signaling pathways and defense mechanisms.This study establishes the groundwork for functional studies of sugarcane ICS genes and enhances our understanding of the mechanisms of disease resistance in sugarcane.展开更多
Biocomposites are one of the environmentally friendlymaterials as a substitute for synthetic plastics used for various applications in the automotive,household appliances industry,and interiors.In this study,biocompos...Biocomposites are one of the environmentally friendlymaterials as a substitute for synthetic plastics used for various applications in the automotive,household appliances industry,and interiors.In this study,biocomposites from Polylactic Acid(PLA)and sugarcane bagasse fibers(SBF)were made using the 3D Printing method.The effect of alkalization with NaOH of 0(untreated),4%,6%,and 8%of the fibers were studied.The SBF in PLA was kept at 2%v/v from the total biocomposite.The characterization of all biocomposite tested using tensile,flexural,impact,scanning electron microscope(SEM),thermogravimetric analysis(TGA),and Fourier TransformInfrared(FTIR).The tensile test results showed that the 6%NaOH concentration on the fibers had the highest tensile strength of 34.59MPa compared to pure PLA.Theflexural and impact strengths of the biocomposite samples in the treatment also showed the highest results of 45.62MPa and 45.03 kJ/m^(2),respectively.SEMimaging also confirmed the presence of good bonding between the matrix and fibers.The thermal stability of biocomposite showed an increase in the degradation point after alkalization.There was a change in the chemical functional group in the biocomposite with fibers treated by 6%NaOH at a wavenumber of 1150–1030 cm^(−1).These results indicate that PLA biocomposites have competitive properties for application in various industrial sectors.展开更多
A comprehensive understanding of aggregate dynamics is the foundation for establishing sustainable sugarcane production systems,especially in vulnerable red soil ecosystems.While existing studies have established a ba...A comprehensive understanding of aggregate dynamics is the foundation for establishing sustainable sugarcane production systems,especially in vulnerable red soil ecosystems.While existing studies have established a basic understanding of aggregate formation and stabilization,the functional relationship between aggregate stability and erosion resistance under extended sugarcane monoculture remains inadequately characterized.We employed an integrated methodology combining dry/wet sieving,the Le Bissonnais method and scanning electron microscopy to quantitatively evaluate the soil aggregate stability and erosion resistance across six distinct cultivation chrono-sequences(3–32 years)and two soil depths(0–15 cm and 15–30 cm)in the sugarcane cultivation area of Qingshui Village,Wuxuan County,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,China,aiming at providing insights for developing soil conservation strategies in sugarcane cultivation systems.The results reveal three core findings.First,planting years significantly influence the proportions of soil aggregates with varying particle sizes.Under the treatments with Le Bissonais methods,the mean weight diameter(MWD)under fast wetting,disturbance after pre-wetting,and slow wetting decrease with increasing planting years,while the relative dissipation index,relative mechanical fragmentation index,and erodibility factor(K)exhibit varying degrees of change,indicating progressive soil structural degradation and increased erosion susceptibility.Second,long-term sugarcane monocropping leads to declining soil organic carbon,liquid limit,plastic limit,and clay content,likely due to factors such as soil-forming materials and rainfall.Concurrently,the increased sand content and porosity weaken interparticle bonding and reducing aggregate stability over time.Third,correlation analysis demonstrates that MWD and geometric mean diameter(GMD)under disturbance after pre-wetting and slow wetting treatments show strong positive correlations with soil organic carbon,p H,clay content,liquid limit,and plastic limit but negative correlations with sand content,total porosity,and capillary porosity.Furthermore,K is significantly negatively correlated with soil physicochemical properties as well as GMD and MWD.These results help us understand the mechanism of aggregate stability variation in sugarcane-cultivated red soils and support the development of soil conservation strategies for sustaining sugarcane productivity in subtropical regions.展开更多
This work quantifies the thermal performance of natural composite blocks made from Yapatera diatomaceous earth reinforced with sugarcane bagasse fibres.Prismatic specimens(185×185 mm)with three thicknesses(≈76 m...This work quantifies the thermal performance of natural composite blocks made from Yapatera diatomaceous earth reinforced with sugarcane bagasse fibres.Prismatic specimens(185×185 mm)with three thicknesses(≈76 mm,100 mm,and 150 mm)and bagasse contents of 5–15%(wt.)were tested at hot-face temperatures of 100,250,and 450℃in a full-factorial 3×3×3 plan(54 tests).Thermal conductivity(k)was measured using a guarded hot-plate device aligned with ASTM D5470/E1530/C177.The measured k averaged 0.125 W/m·K(range~0.088–0.220 W/m·K)and remained stable in function up to 500℃.ANOVA showed that temperature and thickness significantly increased k(p<0.05),while fibre content had a weaker,non-monotonic effect beyond~10%.A response-surface model(RSM)provided accurate predictions(R^(2)≈0.95).For design purposes,thermal resistance was computed as R=Δx/k.A 150 mm block yielded R≈1.20 m^(2)K/W,comparable to~0.40 m of hollow ceramic brick and>1.0 m of concrete to reach a similar R.The composite therefore occupies a distinct niche:medium-performance insulation with high-temperature stability(≤500℃),low embodied energy(air-dried manufacturing,agro-waste feedstock),and competitive cost potential.These results support its use in industrial and building applications where conventional insulators are unsustainable or operate below the required temperature window.展开更多
Background The objective of this study was to investigate the impacts of different dietary soybean meal(SBM)levels on jejunal immunity in nursery pigs at different days post-weaning.Methods Forty-eight pigs(6.2±0...Background The objective of this study was to investigate the impacts of different dietary soybean meal(SBM)levels on jejunal immunity in nursery pigs at different days post-weaning.Methods Forty-eight pigs(6.2±0.3 kg),weaned at 21 days of age,were assigned to 2 dietary treatments(n=12)in a randomized complete block design and fed for 20 or 42 d in 3 phases(10,10,and 22 d,respectively).The dietary treatments consisted of low and high SBM diets.On d 20 and 42,jejunal mucosa and tissue samples were collected.Treatments were arranged in 2×2 factors with dietary SBM levels(low and high SBM diets)and days post-weaning(20 d and 42 d post-weaning).Results Pigs fed high SBM diets had greater(P<0.05)relative abundance(RA)of jejunal Prevotella,tended to have greater(P=0.091)jejunal IgA,had greater(P<0.05)crypt depth,and tended to have lower(P=0.064)villus height to crypt depth ratio(VH:CD)than pigs fed low SBM diets.Pigs at 20 d post-weaning had greater(P<0.05)RA of jejunal Lactobacillus and had greater(P<0.05)jejunal IL-8 and protein carbonyl than pigs at 42 d post-weaning.Pigs at 20 d post-weaning tended to have greater(P=0.090)jejunal IgG,tended to have lower(P=0.059)jejunal IgA,and had greater(P<0.05)proportion(%)of Ki-67+cells in the jejunal crypt than pigs at 42 d post-weaning.Conclusion Pigs fed high SBM diets showed greater RA of Staphylococcus,a greater immune response,and a decreased VH:CD in the jejunum than pigs fed low SBM diets.Pigs at 20 d post-weaning were more susceptible to jejunal inflammation and intestinal damage than pigs at 42 d post-weaning,but the negative impacts of high SBM diets on jejunal inflammation and intestinal damage were consistent compared to low SBM diets at 20 d and 42 d post-weaning.展开更多
Plants encounter dynamic light environments in natural field conditions,and species differ in their physiological and biochemical mechanisms for acclimating to fluctuating light(FL).The manner in which soybean(Glycine...Plants encounter dynamic light environments in natural field conditions,and species differ in their physiological and biochemical mechanisms for acclimating to fluctuating light(FL).The manner in which soybean(Glycine max(L.) Merr.) coordinates multiple physiological adjustments to FL remains poorly understood.This study assessed the effects of FL on soybean morphology and photosynthetic traits by examining changes in photosynthetic gas exchange parameters and chlorophyll(Chl) a fluorescence under alternating high-and low-light conditions.Results indicated that soybeans exposed to FL exhibited reduced dry matter accumulation,smaller and thinner leaves,and a lower Chl a/Chl b levels-characteristics typically associated with plants grown under continuous low-light.Despite these morphological similarities,their photosynthetic gas exchange rates and photosynthetic capacity were maintained at levels comparable to those under steady high light,unlike plants grown under constant low-light.Thus,acclimation to FL is distinct from adaptation to sustained low-light conditions.Correlation analyses revealed that the decline in carbon assimilation under FL primarily stemmed from two factors:the slow recovery of stomatal conductance upon transition to high light and the delayed relaxation of nonphotochemical quenching when light intensity decreased.Therefore,the reduction in carbon assimilation under FL cannot be attributed to low-light phase adjustments but rather reflects a lag in photosynthetic responsiveness to changing light conditions.展开更多
[Objective] Soil fertility in Guangxi sugarcane-growing areas was evaluated to provide theoretical reference for sugarcane scientific planting and fertilization and further optimize evaluation system for soil fertilit...[Objective] Soil fertility in Guangxi sugarcane-growing areas was evaluated to provide theoretical reference for sugarcane scientific planting and fertilization and further optimize evaluation system for soil fertility in Guangxi sugarcane-growing ar- eas. [Method] Nutrients of soil samples in 3 006 plots were measured, and fertility characters were evaluated based on the improved Nemerow composite index method. [Result] Soil in Guangxi sugarcane-growing area was sticky and acidic with an average pH value of 4.94. Available B was insufficient with an average content of 0.24 mg/kg. Exchangeable Mg was low with an average content of 62.34 mg/kg. Organic matter content was moderate. The contents of alkali N, rapidly available P, rapidly available K, available Cu, available Zn, available Mn and available Ca were moderate. However, unlike the soil in high-yield areas, there was unbalanced nutri- tion distribution. According to Nemerow integrated index method, soil fertility in sug- arcane-growing areas was grade lU, namely low fertility. The integrated fertility index was 0.56. Individual fertility indexes including rapid available Cu, rapidly available Zn, exchangeable Mg, available Mn, rapidly available manganese Mn and alkali N were at poor level. Other indexes were at medium or high level. [Conclusion] It could be concluded that soil fertility in Guangxi sugarcane-growing area was gener- ally low, The above-mentioned evaluation method could help to build a quantified and scientific soil fertility evaluation system and reduce the impacts of subjective factors during evaluation process.展开更多
[Objective] This study was conducted to expound the fertility improvement effect in continuous-cropping sugarcane field and provide reference for establishment of rational sugarcane fertilization system and improvemen...[Objective] This study was conducted to expound the fertility improvement effect in continuous-cropping sugarcane field and provide reference for establishment of rational sugarcane fertilization system and improvement of soil quality in continuous-cropping sugarcane field. [Method] The soil in the experimental region is latosolic red soil which was planted with sugarcane for 11 years continuously, and 8 treatments including sole application of chemical fertilizers, sole application of organ- ic fertilizer, and combined application of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizers were designed according to different fertilization measures. The effects of different fertilization treatments on soil microbial biomass, soil enzyme activities and related fertility factors were determined. [Result} Different fertilization treatments all showed soil microbial biomass N, C and P and activities of soil acid phosphatase, catalase, sucrase and urease higher than the CK. Soil microbial biomass N increased by 5.56%-67.13%, soil microbial biomass C increased by 4.01%-20.40%, and soil mi- crobial biomass P increased by 6.39%-67.02%. The activity of acid phosphatase was improved by 12.96%-35.19%, the activity of catalase was improved by 18.24% -78.93%, the activity of sucrase was improved by 3.00%-42.00%, and the activity of urease was improved by 1.21%-23.43%. However, the soil nutrients of different fertilization treatments increased non-significantly （P〉0.05）. Soil microbial biomass N, C and P and activities of acid phosphatase, catalase and urease were in significant （P〈0.05） or very significant correlation （P〈0.01） with contents of soil rapidly available P, rapidly available K and total N. [Conclusion] The evaluation of improvement of soil fertility in continuous-cropping sugarcane field using soil microbial biomass and enzyme activities as indexes is more comprehensive and sensitive.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to explore the genetic differences among F2 progenies of sugarcane.[Method] 11 primers were used for ISSR analysis on 20 F2 hybrids of Erianthus fulvus.[Result] A total of 121 bands were amplif...[Objective] The aim was to explore the genetic differences among F2 progenies of sugarcane.[Method] 11 primers were used for ISSR analysis on 20 F2 hybrids of Erianthus fulvus.[Result] A total of 121 bands were amplified in the PCR reactions,among which 110 were polymorphic bands and the polymorphic rate was 90.91%,indicating that there were abundance genetic variation among F2 progenies derived from cross combinations between cultivated sugarcane and E.fulvus.The average genetic coefficients between Yacheng 89/9 and F1 progenies,E.fulvus and F1 progenies,were 0.71 and 0.54,respectively.The clustering result of F2 progenies showed that all the progenies clustered with female parent and suggested that the genetic material of female parent was predominated in F2 progenies.[Conclusion] The study could provide basis for the application of sugarcane innovation germplasm materials in the breeding of sugarcane.展开更多
[Objective] This study was conducted to provide and promote high-yield,high-sugar, high-lodging resistance cane varieties and change the situation of singleness of sugarcane variety in Guangxi. [Method] The variety, G...[Objective] This study was conducted to provide and promote high-yield,high-sugar, high-lodging resistance cane varieties and change the situation of singleness of sugarcane variety in Guangxi. [Method] The variety, Guitang 04-1001（Guitang 42）, a progeny of the cross ROC22 ×Guitang 92-66, was bred and evaluated in the aspects of morphological characteristics and production characteristics through the breeding program of a five-nursery-system protocol by both regional and production trials. [Results] Under many years of experiments, Guitang 42 was shown with high stalk, medium to large stalk diameter, easy stripping, good germination, medium tillering ability, and more population of millable stalks; and high resistance to mosaic and pokkah boeng, medium resistance to smut, high drought tolerance, and good ratooning ability. During the five-nursery-system procedure, the average of cane and sugar yield was 95.06-108.87 t/hm^2 and 15.11-16.85 t/hm^2, which were higher than CK by 11.3%-14.1% and 16.0%-18.9%, respectively. In the regional trial in 2011 and 2012, the achieved cane yield of 101.7 t/hm^2, sugar yield of 15.03 t/hm^2 and sucrose contents of 14.46% were higher than CK by 9.26%, 14.45% and0.66%, respectively. In the production trial in 2012, the average cane yield was88.62 t/hm^2, which was higher than ROC22 by 7.9%. Guitang 42 was approved by Guangxi Crop Variety Approval Committee in 2013 and elected to Guangxi Top 10 sugarcane commercial variety in 2014. [Conclusion] Guitang 42 has the characteristics of early maturity, high yield, high sugar content, good ratooning ability, and high resistance to lodging（i.e., good comprehensive traits）, and could be popularized in south sugarcane regions in China.展开更多
Dextran in sugarcane production process is formed by Leuconostoc rnesenteroides. The content levels of dextran is related to sugarcane varieties, field condition （planting pattern, temperature, humidity, sunlight, so...Dextran in sugarcane production process is formed by Leuconostoc rnesenteroides. The content levels of dextran is related to sugarcane varieties, field condition （planting pattern, temperature, humidity, sunlight, soil, foreign material）, de- gree of injury （refractory cane, harvesting methods）, and can be rapidly and accu- rately measured by Dextran Immunonephelometric Test Kit. The presence of dextran indicates that sucrose has been lost, so sugarcane dextran is a direct and reliable indicator to measure sugarcane freshness and quality.展开更多
In order to obtain sugarcane embryogenic calli for transgenosis, the effects of different soaking time of explants, medium, culture conditions and sampling time on sugarcane callus culture were investigated. The resul...In order to obtain sugarcane embryogenic calli for transgenosis, the effects of different soaking time of explants, medium, culture conditions and sampling time on sugarcane callus culture were investigated. The results showed that soaking ex- plants with MS liquid medium for 20 min could significantly reduce the browning rate; MS＋3.0 mg/L 2.4-D was appropriate for induction and proliferation of embryo- genic calli; dark condition was suitable for the culture of sugarcane calli; calli differ- entiated from materials collected in August exhibited low browning rate, high callus induction rate and high embryogenic callus induction rate. Calli with different pheno- types were stained, prepared into slides and observed under a microscope to ana- lyze the cytological characteristics. The resultsshowed that milky-white granular em- bryogenic calli had closely arranged cells with large nucleus and exhibited strong differentiation capacity, which were appropriate receptor materials for genetic trans- formation of sugarcane.展开更多
[ Objective] The study aimed to reveal the biological nitrogen fixation capacity by sugarcane from Brazil under the ecological conditions of Guangxi, and to provide reference for study on the biological nitrogen fixat...[ Objective] The study aimed to reveal the biological nitrogen fixation capacity by sugarcane from Brazil under the ecological conditions of Guangxi, and to provide reference for study on the biological nitrogen fixation capacity by sugarcane and related generalization and application. [ Method] The ^15N isotopic fertilizer was solely applied on plants of three sugarcane cultivars planted in greenhouse with no other fertilizer forms applied, meanwhile virus-free stem seedling was regarded as control, to measure their biological nitrogen fixation capacity using ^15N isotope. [ Result ] The nitrogen fixation rate of B8 from Brazil reached 26.91%, while Guitang 11 and RIC16 presented no or poor nitrogen fixation capacity. [ Conclusion] The sugarcane eultivar B8 from Brazil showed some nitrogen fixation capacity under the ecological conditions of Guangxi.展开更多
[Objective] The study was to explore the most effective and feasible method for sugarcane stalks RNA extraction.[Method] SDS extraction method,kit extraction method and GHCL extraction method were used to extract the ...[Objective] The study was to explore the most effective and feasible method for sugarcane stalks RNA extraction.[Method] SDS extraction method,kit extraction method and GHCL extraction method were used to extract the sugarcane RNA in stalks,and the quality of the extracted RNA was compared.[Result] RNA extracted by kit extraction method had a high-yield,the bands were clear and RNA had a good integrity,there was no significant degradation of RNA,and the OD260 nm/OD280 nm value was closed to 2.0.[Conclusion] Kit extraction method was the effectively method to extract sugarcane RNA,and this study had provided a theoretical basis for the molecular biology study of sugarcane.展开更多
基金supported by the China National Key R&D Program during the 14th Five-year Plan Period(2022YFD1901603)。
文摘Sugarcane/soybean intercropping with reduced nitrogen addition is an important sustainable agricultural pattern that can alter soil ecological functions,thereby affecting straw decomposition in the soil.However,the mechanisms underlying changes in soil organic carbon(SOC)composition and microbial communities during straw decomposition under long-term intercropping with reduced nitrogen addition remain unclear.In this study,we conducted an in-situ microplot incubation experiment with^(13)C-labeled soybean straw residue addition in a two-factor(cropping pattern:sugarcane monoculture(MS)and sugarcane/soybean intercropping(SB);nitrogen addition levels:reduced nitrogen addition(N1)and conventional nitrogen addition(N2))long-term experimental field plot.The results showed that the SBN1 treatment significantly increased the residual particulate organic carbon(POC)and residual microbial biomass carbon(MBC)contents during straw decomposition,and the straw carbon in soil was mainly conserved as POC.Straw addition changed the structure and reduced the diversity of the soil microbial community,but microbial diversity gradually recovered with decomposition time.During straw decomposition,the intercropping pattern significantly increased the relative abundances of Firmicutes and Ascomycota.In addition,straw addition reduced microbial network complexity in the sugarcane/soybean intercropping pattern but increased it in the sugarcane monoculture pattern.Nevertheless,microbial network complexity remained higher in the SBN1 treatment than in the MSN1 treatment.In general,the SBN1 treatment significantly increased the diversity of microbial communities and the relative abundance of microorganisms associated with organic matter decomposition,and the changes in microbial communities were mainly driven by the residual labile SOC fractions.These findings suggest that more straw carbon can be sequestered in the soil under sugarcane/soybean intercropping with reduced nitrogen addition to maintain microbial diversity and contribute to the development of sustainable agriculture.
基金supported by the Minas Gerais State’s Foundation for Research Support(FAPEMIG,Brazil,Process CEX-APQ-01651-17,RED-00224-23,and PPM-00645-17).
文摘Alternative methods for biodiesel purification that focus on ease of operation,cost reduction,and elimination of contaminated residues or that are easier to treat have received more attention.The dry wash route was used as an alternative to the wet route in biodiesel production.Filter membranes were developed based on cellulose nanofibers as the matrix and sugarcane bagasse fibers or soy hulls,as reinforcement to the matrix,before and after two chemical treatments(carboxymethylation and regeneration with sulfuric acid).The filters were characterized by permeability capacity,morphology,wettability,porosity,SEM and mechanical properties.The filtered biodiesel was also completely characterized.One of the major impacts of dry purification of biodiesel was the glycerin content after filtration.The filters CNFBR 20-28,CNFSR 5-28,CNFSR 5-35,and CNFBC 5-28 produced purified biodiesel with glycerin content below 0.02%(200 mg/L).Another relevant fact is related to the best results for acidity index,combined alkalinity,and glycerin content,obtained by the regenerated filter CNFBR 20-28,which presented a considerable permeate flow rate value above 4145 L h^(-1) m^(-2),which can be related to compacted lamellar layers observed by SEM.The produced filters were applied to biodiesel purification using a low-pressure filtration system and a simple vacuum pump,which resulted in an appreciable reduction in cost.The produced filter with sugarcane bagasse fiber carboxymethylated at 28 mesh of granulometry was efficient for biodiesel purification,including the efficient removal of free glycerin,in agreement with the standards defined by the national controlling agencies.
基金Guangxi Scientific Research and Technological Development Program of China(15104001-25,1598016-13)Guangxi Natural Science Foundation of China(2014GXNSFDA118015,2016GXNSFCA380008)Special Fund for Basal Scientific Research of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences(2015YT34)~~
文摘This study was conducted to investigate the effects of interplanting of sugarcane with watermelon and soybean on agronomic traits, yields, quality and benefit of crops, so as to provide reference for extension of the interplanting mode of sugarcane with watermelon or soybean. There were 4 treatments： CK1 （sole planting of sugarcane, no fertilization）, CK2 （sole planting of sugarcane, applying chemical fertilizers）, T1 （interplanting sugarcane with watermelon, applying chemical fertilizers ＋ cow dung）, and T2 （interplanting sugarcane with soybean, applying chemical fertilizers ＋ cow dung）. The results showed that compared with CK2, the sugarcane yield of treatment T1 reached 2.5 t/hm2, the watermelon yield was 1.02 t/hm2, and the total economic benefit increased by 3090 Yuan/hm2; the sugarcane yield in treatment T2 decreased by 7.61 t/hm2 （but not significant）, and the soybean yield was 0.35 t/hm2, and the total economic benefit increased by 720 Yuan/hm2; and the total sugar content in watermelon flesh was 8.59%, and the crude protein content in soybean was 36.15%, satisfying the quality indexes of the same agricultural products. Compared with sole planting of sugarcane, sugarcane plus watermelon or soybean interplanting mode improved economic benefit, treatment T1 showed economic benefit far higher than treatment T2, and is suitable for sugarcane regions with good water and fertilizer conditions and enough labor, and the T2 mode has simple operation, and is suitable for large-area extension.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD2301100)National Natural Science Foundation of China(32272156)+3 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province,China(2022J01160)Central Publicinterest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund(1630052024003,1630052024020)Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences for Science and Technology Innovation Team of National Tropical Agricultural Science Center(CATASCXTD202402)China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-17).
文摘Sugarcane is recognized as the fifth largest crop globally,supplying 80%of sugar and 40%of bioenergy production.However,sugarcane genetic research has significantly lagged behind other crops due to its complex genetic background,high ploidy(8-13×),aneuploidy,limited flowering,and a long growth cycle(more than one year).Cross breeding began in 1887 following the discovery that sugarcane seeds could germinate.Both self-and cross-pollination and selection were conducted by sugarcane breeders,but new cultivars were often eliminated due to disease susceptibility.Within the Saccharum genus,different species possess variable numbers of chromosomes.Wild sugarcane species intercrossed with each other,leading to development of the‘Nobilization’breeding strategy,which significantly improved yield,sucrose,fiber content,and disease resistance,and accelerated genetic improvement of cultivars.In recent years,scientific achievements have also been made in sugarcane genome sequencing,molecular marker development,genetic linkage map construction,localization of quantitative trait locus(QTL),and trait-associated gene identification.This review focuses on the progress in sugarcane genetic research,analyzes the technical difficulties faced,presents opportunities and challenges,and provides guidance and references for future sugarcane genetics research and cultivar breeding.Finally,it offers directions for future on sugarcane genetics.
基金supported by the Thailand Science Research and Innovation,National Science Research and Innovation Fund and the Fundamental Fund(FF 2023).
文摘Natural rubber(NR)foams are widely used.However,further studies are required for preparing eco-friendly NR foam and determining the optimum physical properties appropriate for application.This study aims to create an NR foam from rubber reinforced with sugarcane bagasse ash(SCBA)and sodium alginate.The results showed that the SCBA was primarily composed of silica or silicon dioxide(87.52%by weight)and carbon(11.41%by weight).This study investigated the influence of the amount of sodium alginate(0-5 phr)used in the NR foam formation.The addition of SCBA on the NR foam affected the density,swelling behavior,and crosslink density of the foam.The results identified an optimal loading level that improved the density and morphology of the foam.The hardness and modulus of the NR foam increased with increasing amounts of SCBA,suggesting insufficient reinforcement.The NR exhibited the highest compressive stress at the SCBA concentration of 5 phr.This study facilitates the development of NR as green material and other support materials.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32472166,32172063,and 31771861)the Innovative Team Construction Project of the Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System in Guangdong Province by Agricultural Product Units(Sugarcane and Sisal Industry Technology System,2024CXTD03-06)South China Agricultural University Students Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(2024105641195)。
文摘Isochorismate synthase(ICS),a key rate-limiting enzyme in the salicylic acid(SA)biosynthesis pathway in plants,is essential for plant growth and defense against diseases.However,there has been no report on ICS in sugarcane(Saccharum spp.).In this study,18 SsICSs,42 ShICSs,and 36 SzICSs were identified from the genomes of sugarcane AP85-441(Saccharum spontaneum),XTT22(Saccharum spp.hybrid cultivar),and ZZ1(Saccharum spp.hybrid cultivar),respectively.These were phylogenetically divided into three groups,forming distinct clades that were evolutionarily divergent from those in dicotyledonous species.The evolutionary profile of the ICS gene family suggested expansion through whole-genome duplication/segmental events and strong purifying selection.Promoter cis-element and transcriptome analyses indicated that the ICS gene family responded to disease stress.We cloned the ScICS(isochorismate synthase)gene from sugarcane cultivar XTT22 leaves,and found it was localized in chloroplasts.In vivo and in vitro interaction studies revealed an interaction between ScICS and an ScMYB transcription factor.We showed that ScWRKY28 positively regulated ScICS expression by binding to its promoter.ScICS overexpression in transgenic tobacco confirmed its effectiveness in enhancing disease resistance.There was a significant increase in SA content following pathogen infection along with activation of downstream signaling pathways and defense mechanisms.This study establishes the groundwork for functional studies of sugarcane ICS genes and enhances our understanding of the mechanisms of disease resistance in sugarcane.
基金funded and supported by the Institute of Research and Community Service(LPPM),Universitas Jember,for International Research Collaboration Scheme with project number:3565/UN25.3.1/LT/2023.
文摘Biocomposites are one of the environmentally friendlymaterials as a substitute for synthetic plastics used for various applications in the automotive,household appliances industry,and interiors.In this study,biocomposites from Polylactic Acid(PLA)and sugarcane bagasse fibers(SBF)were made using the 3D Printing method.The effect of alkalization with NaOH of 0(untreated),4%,6%,and 8%of the fibers were studied.The SBF in PLA was kept at 2%v/v from the total biocomposite.The characterization of all biocomposite tested using tensile,flexural,impact,scanning electron microscope(SEM),thermogravimetric analysis(TGA),and Fourier TransformInfrared(FTIR).The tensile test results showed that the 6%NaOH concentration on the fibers had the highest tensile strength of 34.59MPa compared to pure PLA.Theflexural and impact strengths of the biocomposite samples in the treatment also showed the highest results of 45.62MPa and 45.03 kJ/m^(2),respectively.SEMimaging also confirmed the presence of good bonding between the matrix and fibers.The thermal stability of biocomposite showed an increase in the degradation point after alkalization.There was a change in the chemical functional group in the biocomposite with fibers treated by 6%NaOH at a wavenumber of 1150–1030 cm^(−1).These results indicate that PLA biocomposites have competitive properties for application in various industrial sectors.
基金financial support for the research provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42107350)the National Key Research,Development Program of China(No.2023YFD1902801)the Central Government Guides the Development of Local Science and Technology Project,Grant/Award Number:Guike ZY21195022。
文摘A comprehensive understanding of aggregate dynamics is the foundation for establishing sustainable sugarcane production systems,especially in vulnerable red soil ecosystems.While existing studies have established a basic understanding of aggregate formation and stabilization,the functional relationship between aggregate stability and erosion resistance under extended sugarcane monoculture remains inadequately characterized.We employed an integrated methodology combining dry/wet sieving,the Le Bissonnais method and scanning electron microscopy to quantitatively evaluate the soil aggregate stability and erosion resistance across six distinct cultivation chrono-sequences(3–32 years)and two soil depths(0–15 cm and 15–30 cm)in the sugarcane cultivation area of Qingshui Village,Wuxuan County,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,China,aiming at providing insights for developing soil conservation strategies in sugarcane cultivation systems.The results reveal three core findings.First,planting years significantly influence the proportions of soil aggregates with varying particle sizes.Under the treatments with Le Bissonais methods,the mean weight diameter(MWD)under fast wetting,disturbance after pre-wetting,and slow wetting decrease with increasing planting years,while the relative dissipation index,relative mechanical fragmentation index,and erodibility factor(K)exhibit varying degrees of change,indicating progressive soil structural degradation and increased erosion susceptibility.Second,long-term sugarcane monocropping leads to declining soil organic carbon,liquid limit,plastic limit,and clay content,likely due to factors such as soil-forming materials and rainfall.Concurrently,the increased sand content and porosity weaken interparticle bonding and reducing aggregate stability over time.Third,correlation analysis demonstrates that MWD and geometric mean diameter(GMD)under disturbance after pre-wetting and slow wetting treatments show strong positive correlations with soil organic carbon,p H,clay content,liquid limit,and plastic limit but negative correlations with sand content,total porosity,and capillary porosity.Furthermore,K is significantly negatively correlated with soil physicochemical properties as well as GMD and MWD.These results help us understand the mechanism of aggregate stability variation in sugarcane-cultivated red soils and support the development of soil conservation strategies for sustaining sugarcane productivity in subtropical regions.
基金supported by the 2022 Teaching Research Projects Competition of Santo Toribio de Mogrovejo Catholic University(USAT),under grant number 1 under the title:“Adding Value to Sugar Cane Bagasse and Yapatera Diatomaceous Earth as a Composite Material for Thermal Insulation”.
文摘This work quantifies the thermal performance of natural composite blocks made from Yapatera diatomaceous earth reinforced with sugarcane bagasse fibres.Prismatic specimens(185×185 mm)with three thicknesses(≈76 mm,100 mm,and 150 mm)and bagasse contents of 5–15%(wt.)were tested at hot-face temperatures of 100,250,and 450℃in a full-factorial 3×3×3 plan(54 tests).Thermal conductivity(k)was measured using a guarded hot-plate device aligned with ASTM D5470/E1530/C177.The measured k averaged 0.125 W/m·K(range~0.088–0.220 W/m·K)and remained stable in function up to 500℃.ANOVA showed that temperature and thickness significantly increased k(p<0.05),while fibre content had a weaker,non-monotonic effect beyond~10%.A response-surface model(RSM)provided accurate predictions(R^(2)≈0.95).For design purposes,thermal resistance was computed as R=Δx/k.A 150 mm block yielded R≈1.20 m^(2)K/W,comparable to~0.40 m of hollow ceramic brick and>1.0 m of concrete to reach a similar R.The composite therefore occupies a distinct niche:medium-performance insulation with high-temperature stability(≤500℃),low embodied energy(air-dried manufacturing,agro-waste feedstock),and competitive cost potential.These results support its use in industrial and building applications where conventional insulators are unsustainable or operate below the required temperature window.
文摘Background The objective of this study was to investigate the impacts of different dietary soybean meal(SBM)levels on jejunal immunity in nursery pigs at different days post-weaning.Methods Forty-eight pigs(6.2±0.3 kg),weaned at 21 days of age,were assigned to 2 dietary treatments(n=12)in a randomized complete block design and fed for 20 or 42 d in 3 phases(10,10,and 22 d,respectively).The dietary treatments consisted of low and high SBM diets.On d 20 and 42,jejunal mucosa and tissue samples were collected.Treatments were arranged in 2×2 factors with dietary SBM levels(low and high SBM diets)and days post-weaning(20 d and 42 d post-weaning).Results Pigs fed high SBM diets had greater(P<0.05)relative abundance(RA)of jejunal Prevotella,tended to have greater(P=0.091)jejunal IgA,had greater(P<0.05)crypt depth,and tended to have lower(P=0.064)villus height to crypt depth ratio(VH:CD)than pigs fed low SBM diets.Pigs at 20 d post-weaning had greater(P<0.05)RA of jejunal Lactobacillus and had greater(P<0.05)jejunal IL-8 and protein carbonyl than pigs at 42 d post-weaning.Pigs at 20 d post-weaning tended to have greater(P=0.090)jejunal IgG,tended to have lower(P=0.059)jejunal IgA,and had greater(P<0.05)proportion(%)of Ki-67+cells in the jejunal crypt than pigs at 42 d post-weaning.Conclusion Pigs fed high SBM diets showed greater RA of Staphylococcus,a greater immune response,and a decreased VH:CD in the jejunum than pigs fed low SBM diets.Pigs at 20 d post-weaning were more susceptible to jejunal inflammation and intestinal damage than pigs at 42 d post-weaning,but the negative impacts of high SBM diets on jejunal inflammation and intestinal damage were consistent compared to low SBM diets at 20 d and 42 d post-weaning.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2023YFF1001504)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32071963)+2 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFD2300902)the Guangxi Key Research and Development Program of China (GuikeAB23026107)the Chengdu Science and Technology Project,China (2023-YF08-00003-SN)。
文摘Plants encounter dynamic light environments in natural field conditions,and species differ in their physiological and biochemical mechanisms for acclimating to fluctuating light(FL).The manner in which soybean(Glycine max(L.) Merr.) coordinates multiple physiological adjustments to FL remains poorly understood.This study assessed the effects of FL on soybean morphology and photosynthetic traits by examining changes in photosynthetic gas exchange parameters and chlorophyll(Chl) a fluorescence under alternating high-and low-light conditions.Results indicated that soybeans exposed to FL exhibited reduced dry matter accumulation,smaller and thinner leaves,and a lower Chl a/Chl b levels-characteristics typically associated with plants grown under continuous low-light.Despite these morphological similarities,their photosynthetic gas exchange rates and photosynthetic capacity were maintained at levels comparable to those under steady high light,unlike plants grown under constant low-light.Thus,acclimation to FL is distinct from adaptation to sustained low-light conditions.Correlation analyses revealed that the decline in carbon assimilation under FL primarily stemmed from two factors:the slow recovery of stomatal conductance upon transition to high light and the delayed relaxation of nonphotochemical quenching when light intensity decreased.Therefore,the reduction in carbon assimilation under FL cannot be attributed to low-light phase adjustments but rather reflects a lag in photosynthetic responsiveness to changing light conditions.
基金Supported by Guangxi Natural Science Foundation(2015GXNSFBA139098)Guangxi Scientific Research and Development Program(GKH14125008-2-15)+2 种基金Science and Technology Program of Wuming District,Nanning City,Guangxi Province(20160101-13)Science and Technology Development Fund of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences(GNKY2015JZ36,GNKY2015JM06,GNKY2015YT30,GNKY2013JZ10)Major Science and Technology Project of Ministry of Agriculture(201203030)~~
文摘[Objective] Soil fertility in Guangxi sugarcane-growing areas was evaluated to provide theoretical reference for sugarcane scientific planting and fertilization and further optimize evaluation system for soil fertility in Guangxi sugarcane-growing ar- eas. [Method] Nutrients of soil samples in 3 006 plots were measured, and fertility characters were evaluated based on the improved Nemerow composite index method. [Result] Soil in Guangxi sugarcane-growing area was sticky and acidic with an average pH value of 4.94. Available B was insufficient with an average content of 0.24 mg/kg. Exchangeable Mg was low with an average content of 62.34 mg/kg. Organic matter content was moderate. The contents of alkali N, rapidly available P, rapidly available K, available Cu, available Zn, available Mn and available Ca were moderate. However, unlike the soil in high-yield areas, there was unbalanced nutri- tion distribution. According to Nemerow integrated index method, soil fertility in sug- arcane-growing areas was grade lU, namely low fertility. The integrated fertility index was 0.56. Individual fertility indexes including rapid available Cu, rapidly available Zn, exchangeable Mg, available Mn, rapidly available manganese Mn and alkali N were at poor level. Other indexes were at medium or high level. [Conclusion] It could be concluded that soil fertility in Guangxi sugarcane-growing area was gener- ally low, The above-mentioned evaluation method could help to build a quantified and scientific soil fertility evaluation system and reduce the impacts of subjective factors during evaluation process.
基金Supported by the grands from National Sugarcane Industry Technology System(CARS-20-3-5)Science and Technology Development Foundation of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Science(GNK 2015JZ31 GNK 2013JZ13,200905Zji)~~
文摘[Objective] This study was conducted to expound the fertility improvement effect in continuous-cropping sugarcane field and provide reference for establishment of rational sugarcane fertilization system and improvement of soil quality in continuous-cropping sugarcane field. [Method] The soil in the experimental region is latosolic red soil which was planted with sugarcane for 11 years continuously, and 8 treatments including sole application of chemical fertilizers, sole application of organ- ic fertilizer, and combined application of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizers were designed according to different fertilization measures. The effects of different fertilization treatments on soil microbial biomass, soil enzyme activities and related fertility factors were determined. [Result} Different fertilization treatments all showed soil microbial biomass N, C and P and activities of soil acid phosphatase, catalase, sucrase and urease higher than the CK. Soil microbial biomass N increased by 5.56%-67.13%, soil microbial biomass C increased by 4.01%-20.40%, and soil mi- crobial biomass P increased by 6.39%-67.02%. The activity of acid phosphatase was improved by 12.96%-35.19%, the activity of catalase was improved by 18.24% -78.93%, the activity of sucrase was improved by 3.00%-42.00%, and the activity of urease was improved by 1.21%-23.43%. However, the soil nutrients of different fertilization treatments increased non-significantly （P〉0.05）. Soil microbial biomass N, C and P and activities of acid phosphatase, catalase and urease were in significant （P〈0.05） or very significant correlation （P〈0.01） with contents of soil rapidly available P, rapidly available K and total N. [Conclusion] The evaluation of improvement of soil fertility in continuous-cropping sugarcane field using soil microbial biomass and enzyme activities as indexes is more comprehensive and sensitive.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation Project of China(30960045)Key and New Products Launch Program of Yunnan Province(2010BB011)+1 种基金Talent Training Program of Yunnan Province(2006PY01-38)Sugarcane Industry Technical System Construction Project of Yunnan Province(2009-2013)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim was to explore the genetic differences among F2 progenies of sugarcane.[Method] 11 primers were used for ISSR analysis on 20 F2 hybrids of Erianthus fulvus.[Result] A total of 121 bands were amplified in the PCR reactions,among which 110 were polymorphic bands and the polymorphic rate was 90.91%,indicating that there were abundance genetic variation among F2 progenies derived from cross combinations between cultivated sugarcane and E.fulvus.The average genetic coefficients between Yacheng 89/9 and F1 progenies,E.fulvus and F1 progenies,were 0.71 and 0.54,respectively.The clustering result of F2 progenies showed that all the progenies clustered with female parent and suggested that the genetic material of female parent was predominated in F2 progenies.[Conclusion] The study could provide basis for the application of sugarcane innovation germplasm materials in the breeding of sugarcane.
基金Supported by Special Fund for Guangxi Innovation Team(Sugarcane)of National System of Modern Agriculture Industrial Technology(nycytxgxcxtd-02)Guangxi Scientific Research and Technological Development Planning Project(GKZ 14121005-1-1,GKG 1598006-1-1A)+1 种基金Special Fund for Basal Scientific Research of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Science(GNK 2014YQ02,2015JZ02)Special Fund for Bagui Scholars~~
文摘[Objective] This study was conducted to provide and promote high-yield,high-sugar, high-lodging resistance cane varieties and change the situation of singleness of sugarcane variety in Guangxi. [Method] The variety, Guitang 04-1001（Guitang 42）, a progeny of the cross ROC22 ×Guitang 92-66, was bred and evaluated in the aspects of morphological characteristics and production characteristics through the breeding program of a five-nursery-system protocol by both regional and production trials. [Results] Under many years of experiments, Guitang 42 was shown with high stalk, medium to large stalk diameter, easy stripping, good germination, medium tillering ability, and more population of millable stalks; and high resistance to mosaic and pokkah boeng, medium resistance to smut, high drought tolerance, and good ratooning ability. During the five-nursery-system procedure, the average of cane and sugar yield was 95.06-108.87 t/hm^2 and 15.11-16.85 t/hm^2, which were higher than CK by 11.3%-14.1% and 16.0%-18.9%, respectively. In the regional trial in 2011 and 2012, the achieved cane yield of 101.7 t/hm^2, sugar yield of 15.03 t/hm^2 and sucrose contents of 14.46% were higher than CK by 9.26%, 14.45% and0.66%, respectively. In the production trial in 2012, the average cane yield was88.62 t/hm^2, which was higher than ROC22 by 7.9%. Guitang 42 was approved by Guangxi Crop Variety Approval Committee in 2013 and elected to Guangxi Top 10 sugarcane commercial variety in 2014. [Conclusion] Guitang 42 has the characteristics of early maturity, high yield, high sugar content, good ratooning ability, and high resistance to lodging（i.e., good comprehensive traits）, and could be popularized in south sugarcane regions in China.
基金Supported by Special Fund for Construction Project of Bagui ScholarsSpecial Fund for Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System Construction(CARS-20-4-5)
文摘Dextran in sugarcane production process is formed by Leuconostoc rnesenteroides. The content levels of dextran is related to sugarcane varieties, field condition （planting pattern, temperature, humidity, sunlight, soil, foreign material）, de- gree of injury （refractory cane, harvesting methods）, and can be rapidly and accu- rately measured by Dextran Immunonephelometric Test Kit. The presence of dextran indicates that sucrose has been lost, so sugarcane dextran is a direct and reliable indicator to measure sugarcane freshness and quality.
基金Supported by Special Fund for Basic Scientific Research of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences(GNK2014YQ01)
文摘In order to obtain sugarcane embryogenic calli for transgenosis, the effects of different soaking time of explants, medium, culture conditions and sampling time on sugarcane callus culture were investigated. The results showed that soaking ex- plants with MS liquid medium for 20 min could significantly reduce the browning rate; MS＋3.0 mg/L 2.4-D was appropriate for induction and proliferation of embryo- genic calli; dark condition was suitable for the culture of sugarcane calli; calli differ- entiated from materials collected in August exhibited low browning rate, high callus induction rate and high embryogenic callus induction rate. Calli with different pheno- types were stained, prepared into slides and observed under a microscope to ana- lyze the cytological characteristics. The resultsshowed that milky-white granular em- bryogenic calli had closely arranged cells with large nucleus and exhibited strong differentiation capacity, which were appropriate receptor materials for genetic trans- formation of sugarcane.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (3026005430660085)+1 种基金Key Project of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences (2004002)Natural Science Foundation in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (0639011)~~
文摘[ Objective] The study aimed to reveal the biological nitrogen fixation capacity by sugarcane from Brazil under the ecological conditions of Guangxi, and to provide reference for study on the biological nitrogen fixation capacity by sugarcane and related generalization and application. [ Method] The ^15N isotopic fertilizer was solely applied on plants of three sugarcane cultivars planted in greenhouse with no other fertilizer forms applied, meanwhile virus-free stem seedling was regarded as control, to measure their biological nitrogen fixation capacity using ^15N isotope. [ Result ] The nitrogen fixation rate of B8 from Brazil reached 26.91%, while Guitang 11 and RIC16 presented no or poor nitrogen fixation capacity. [ Conclusion] The sugarcane eultivar B8 from Brazil showed some nitrogen fixation capacity under the ecological conditions of Guangxi.
基金Supported by Schools Fund of Hainan University(hd09xm62 )Higher Education Research Foundation Program of Hainan Provin-cial Education Department (Hjkj2010-17)Technology Foundation Program of South China Tropical Agricultural University(Rnd0710)~~
文摘[Objective] The study was to explore the most effective and feasible method for sugarcane stalks RNA extraction.[Method] SDS extraction method,kit extraction method and GHCL extraction method were used to extract the sugarcane RNA in stalks,and the quality of the extracted RNA was compared.[Result] RNA extracted by kit extraction method had a high-yield,the bands were clear and RNA had a good integrity,there was no significant degradation of RNA,and the OD260 nm/OD280 nm value was closed to 2.0.[Conclusion] Kit extraction method was the effectively method to extract sugarcane RNA,and this study had provided a theoretical basis for the molecular biology study of sugarcane.
