Parkinson's disease(PD) has a complex and multifactorial pathophysiology. Various studies, conducted both in pre-clinical models and PD patients, have reported a link between the disruption of calcium(Ca^(2+)) hom...Parkinson's disease(PD) has a complex and multifactorial pathophysiology. Various studies, conducted both in pre-clinical models and PD patients, have reported a link between the disruption of calcium(Ca^(2+)) homeostasis and the subsequent development of PD. Ca^(2+) regulation is crucial for neuronal survival, differentiation,exocytosis at synapses,gene transcription,and proliferation.展开更多
Background This study investigated the potential impacts of increasing linoleic andα-linolenic acid intake during lactation and wean-to-breeding on subsequent reproduction of sows.A total of 309 sows(PIC Camborough L...Background This study investigated the potential impacts of increasing linoleic andα-linolenic acid intake during lactation and wean-to-breeding on subsequent reproduction of sows.A total of 309 sows(PIC Camborough L42)were balanced by parity(140 and 169 sows representing parity 1 to 2[P1-2]and 3 to 9[P3+],respectively)and assigned within parity to a 2×2 factorial arrangement.Factors included essential fatty acid(EFA)supplementation(control diets containing 1.2%linoleic and 0.15%α-linolenic acid or diets with 3.0%linoleic and 0.38%α-linolenic acid)and supplementation period(lactation or wean-to-breeding).Tallow(low EFA diets)or soybean oil(high EFA diets)were included at 4%in sorghum-soybean meal-wheat middlings-based diets to attain targeted EFA levels.Results High levels of EFA fed during lactation had no effect on feed intake or litter performance,but increased subsequent farrowing rate(P=0.027;82.1%vs.70.4%),tended to reduce the proportion of sows removed(P=0.070;12.4%vs.20.8%),decreased the number of total pigs born in the following litter(P=0.072;15.3 vs.16.2),and increased total pigs born alive per 100 sows weaned(P=0.062;1,122 vs.974),regardless of sow parity.Young sows(P1-2)consuming the high EFA diet during lactation displayed a shorter wean-to-estrus interval(P=0.035;4.2 vs.4.6),but P3+sows were unaffected.Increasing EFA intake for P3+sows,but not P1-2 sows,resulted in more sows bred by d 5(P=0.028;91.1%vs.81.7%)and more mummies in the subsequent litter(P=0.040;0.32 vs.0.16).Feeding increased EFA to P1-2 sows during the wean-to-breeding period decreased subsequent farrowing rate(P=0.042;72.0%vs.87.7%),and increased removal rate(P=0.003;28.8%vs.9.4%).Total pigs born alive per 100 sows weaned was reduced(P=0.007)in P1-2 sows when supplemented with EFA during wean-breeding(939 vs.1,149)but was not impacted in P3+sows(1,131 vs.982).Conclusions Supplemental EFA in lactation diets benefited subsequent reproduction of sows,regardless of parity.Increasing dietary levels of EFA during the wean-to-breeding period to younger sows negatively impacted subsequent reproduction.展开更多
BACKGROUND The combination of anti-epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)therapy and chemotherapy is currently a preferred first-line treatment for patients with unre-sectable,RAS and BRAF wild-type,left-sided metasta...BACKGROUND The combination of anti-epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)therapy and chemotherapy is currently a preferred first-line treatment for patients with unre-sectable,RAS and BRAF wild-type,left-sided metastatic colorectal cancer(mCRC).Several studies have also demonstrated the benefit of anti-EGFR therapy in sub-sequent line settings for this patient population.However,direct evidence com-paring the effectiveness of frontline vs subsequent anti-EGFR therapy remains limited,leaving a crucial gap in guiding optimal treatment strategies.AIM To compare overall survival(OS)between frontline and subsequent anti-EGFR treatment in patients with unresectable,RAS and BRAF wild-type,left-sided mCRC.METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of mCRC patients treated at The King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital and Songklanagarind Hospital,Thailand,between January 2013 and April 2023.Patients were classified into two groups based on the sequence of their anti-EGFR treatment.The primary endpoint was OS.RESULTS Among 222 patients with a median follow-up of 29 months,no significant difference in OS was observed between the frontline and subsequent-line groups(HR 1.03,95%CI:0.73-1.46,P=0.878).The median OS was 35.53 months(95%CI:26.59-44.47)for the frontline group and 31.60 months(95%CI:27.83-35.37)for the subsequent-line group.In the subsequent-line group,71 patients(32.4%)who ultimately never received anti-EGFR therapy had a significantly worse median OS of 19.70 months(95%CI:12.87-26.53).CONCLUSION Frontline and subsequent-line anti-EGFR treatments provide comparable OS in unresectable,RAS/BRAF wild-type,left-sided mCRC patients,but early exposure is vital for those unlikely to receive subsequent therapy.展开更多
Ta/Nd/NdFeB/Nd/Ta sandwiched films are deposited by magnetron sputtering on Si（100） substrates,and subsequently annealed in vacuum at different temperatures for different time.It is found that both the thickness of ...Ta/Nd/NdFeB/Nd/Ta sandwiched films are deposited by magnetron sputtering on Si（100） substrates,and subsequently annealed in vacuum at different temperatures for different time.It is found that both the thickness of NdFeB and Nd layer and the annealing condition can affect the magnetic properties of Ta/Nd/NdFeB/Nd/Ta films.Interestingly,the thickness and annealing temperature show the relevant behaviors that can affect the magnetic properties of the film.The high coercivity of 24.1 kOe（1 Oe = 79.5775 A/m） and remanence ratio（remanent magnetization/saturation magnetization）of 0.94 can be obtained in a Ta/Nd（250 nm）/NdFeB（600 nm）/Nd（250 nm）/Ta film annealed for 3 min at 1023 K.In addition,the thermal stability of the film is also linked to the thickness of NdFeB and Nd layer and the annealing temperature as well.The excellent thermal stability can be achieved in a Ta/Nd（250 nm）/NdFeB（600 nm）/Nd（250 nm）/Ta film annealed at1023 K.展开更多
An integration processing system of three-dimensional laser scanning information visualization in goaf was developed. It is provided with multiple functions, such as laser scanning information management for goaf, clo...An integration processing system of three-dimensional laser scanning information visualization in goaf was developed. It is provided with multiple functions, such as laser scanning information management for goaf, cloud data de-noising optimization, construction, display and operation of three-dimensional model, model editing, profile generation, calculation of goaf volume and roof area, Boolean calculation among models and interaction with the third party soft ware. Concerning this system with a concise interface, plentiful data input/output interfaces, it is featured with high integration, simple and convenient operations of applications. According to practice, in addition to being well-adapted, this system is favorably reliable and stable.展开更多
The electric information of the auricular points can reflect the pathologicalchange on human boby.Authors invented “MT-871 Electric Medical Instrument” asdynamic measure of the electric information of the auricular ...The electric information of the auricular points can reflect the pathologicalchange on human boby.Authors invented “MT-871 Electric Medical Instrument” asdynamic measure of the electric information of the auricular points,and applied thisinstrument to the screening survey of the upper digestive tract cancer.According tothe characteristic of the parameters of the wave shape W,τ,and H in electrical infor-mation of the auricular points,the positive cases were diagnosed.In 1990 and 1992,展开更多
AIM:To compare the outcomes of concomitant cholangiocarcinoma(C-CCA)and subsequent cholangiocar-cinoma(S-CCA)associated with hepatolithiasis. METHODS:From December 1987 to December 2007, 276 patients underwent hepatic...AIM:To compare the outcomes of concomitant cholangiocarcinoma(C-CCA)and subsequent cholangiocar-cinoma(S-CCA)associated with hepatolithiasis. METHODS:From December 1987 to December 2007, 276 patients underwent hepatic resection for hepa-tolithiasis in Changhua Christian Hospital.Sixty-five patients were excluded due to incomplete medical records and the remaining 211 patients constituted our study population base.Ten patients were diag-nosed with C-CCA based on the preoperative biopsy or postoperative pathology.During the follow-up period, 12 patients developed S-CCA.The diagnosis of S-CCA was made by image-guided biopsy or by pathology if surgical intervention was carried out.Patient charts were reviewed to collect clinical information.Parameters such as CCA incidence,interval from operation to CCA diagnosis,interval from CCA diagnosis to disease-related death,follow-up time,and mortality rate were calculated for both the C-CCA and S-CCA groups.The outcomes of the C-CCA and S-CCA groups were math-ematically compared and analysed. RESULTS:Our study demonstrates the clinical implications and the survival outcomes of C-CCA and S-CCA. Among the patients with unilateral hepatolithiasis,the incidence rates of C-CCA and S-CCA were fairly similar (4.8%vs 4.5%,respectively,P=0.906).However,for the patients with bilateral hepatolithiasis,the incidence rate of S-CCA(12.2%)was higher than that of C-CCA (4.7%),although the sample size was limited and the difference between two groups was not statistically sig-nificant(P=0.211).The average follow-up time was 56 mo for the C-CCA group and 71 mo for the S-CCA group.Regard to the average time intervals from operation to CCA diagnosis,S-CCA was diagnosed after 67 mo from the initial hepatectomy.The average time intervals from the diagnoses of CCA to disease-related death was 41 mo for the C-CCA group and 4 mo for the S-CCA group,this difference approached statistical sig-nificance(P=0.075).Regarding the rates of overall and disease-related mortality,the C-CCA group had signifi-cantly lower overall mortality(70%vs 100%,P=0.041) and disease-related mortality(60%vs 100%,P=0.015) than the S-CCA group.For the survival outcomes of two groups,the Kaplan-Meier curves corresponding to each group also demonstrated better survival outcomes for the C-CCA group(log rank P=0.005).In the C-CCA group,three patients were still alive at the time of data analysis,all of them had free surgical margins and did not have pathologically proven lymph node metastasis at the time of the initial hepatectomy.In the S-CCA group,only one patient had chance to undergo a second hepatectomy,and all 12 S-CCA patients had died at the time of data analysis. CONCLUSION:C-CCA has better outcomes than S-CCA.The first hepatectomy is crucial because most patients with recurrent CCA or S-CCA are not eligible for repeated surgical intervention.展开更多
The genus Brassica belongs to the plant family Brassicaceae,which includes many important crop species that are used as oilseed,condiments,or vegetables throughout the world.Brassica plants comprise many diverse speci...The genus Brassica belongs to the plant family Brassicaceae,which includes many important crop species that are used as oilseed,condiments,or vegetables throughout the world.Brassica plants comprise many diverse species,and each species contains rich morphotypes showing extreme traits.Brassica species experienced an extra whole genome triplication(WGT)event compared with the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana.Whole genome sequencing of the Brassica species Brassica rapa,Brassica oleracea and others demonstrated that WGT plays an important role in the speciation and morphotype diversification of Brassica plants.Comparative genomic analysis based on the genome sequences of B.rapa and A.thaliana clearly identified the WGT event and further demonstrated that the translocated Proto-Calepine Karyotype(tPCK,n57)was the diploid ancestor of the three subgenomes in B.rapa.Following WGT,subsequent extensive genome fractionation,block reshuffling and chromosome reduction accompanied by paleocentromere descent from the three tPCK subgenomes during the rediploidization process produced stable diploid species.Genomic rearrangement of the diploid species and their hybridization then contributed to Brassica speciation.The subgenome dominance effect and biased gene retention,such as the over-retention of auxin-related genes after WGT,promoted functional gene evolution and thus propelled the expansion of rich morphotypes in the Brassica species.In conclusion,the WGT event initiated subsequent genomic and gene-level evolution,which further drove Brassica speciation and created rich morphotypes in each species.展开更多
Lunnan （轮南） low uplift,where developed amounts of condensate pools in both Ordovician and Carboniferous reservoirs,locates in the north uplift of Tarim basin,Northwest China.Lunnan area has experienced intensive g...Lunnan （轮南） low uplift,where developed amounts of condensate pools in both Ordovician and Carboniferous reservoirs,locates in the north uplift of Tarim basin,Northwest China.Lunnan area has experienced intensive gas invasion since the Himalayan movement,causing multiple types of accumulation coexisting in the Ordovician reservoir.Geochemical evidence shows that these condensate oils are of low maturity （vitrinite reflectance levels near 1.0%） and the dominant component of the condensate gas is dry gas （the content of CH4 over 94%）,which reflects that the condensate pool in Lunnan area is not the product of thermal cracking,but the subsequent accumulation derived from the phase fractionation.Furthermore,our observations on the C6-C7 hydrocarbons in Lunnan area are qualitatively similar to the effect of phase fractionation with condensates having higher paraffin and lower aromaticity than residual oils.Thus,two types of the condensates are defined by their phase behavior,which are saturated condensate pool and the nonsaturated one.The saturated condensate pool with an oil ring mainly developed in Ordovician reservoir,with large difference between formation pressure （FMP） and the dew point pressure （DPP）.The origin of these condensates is considered as the in-situ segregation triggered by the invasion of excessive dry gas.On the other hand,the nonsaturated condensate pool that almost existed in the Carboniferous reservoir is a hydrocarbon reservoir containing slight difference between FMP and DPP,without oil ring,and evaporative fractionation due to the fault movement controls its generation.展开更多
With the recent commissioning of a gas-filled recoil separator at Institute of Modern Physics (IMP) in Lanzhou,the decay properties of 271Ds (Z =110) were studied via the 20sPb(64Ni,n) reaction at a beam energy of 313...With the recent commissioning of a gas-filled recoil separator at Institute of Modern Physics (IMP) in Lanzhou,the decay properties of 271Ds (Z =110) were studied via the 20sPb(64Ni,n) reaction at a beam energy of 313.3 MeV.Based on the separator coupled with a position sensitive silicon strip detector,we carried out the energy-position-time correlation measurements for the implanted nucleus and its subsequent decay α's.One α-decay chain for 271Ds was established.The α energy and decay time of the 27iDs nucleus were measured to be 10.644 MeV and 96.8ms,which are consistent with the values reported in the literature.展开更多
Due to the limited transmission resources for data relay in the tracking and data relay satellite system （TDRSS）, there are many job requirements in busy days which will be discarded in the conventional job scheduli...Due to the limited transmission resources for data relay in the tracking and data relay satellite system （TDRSS）, there are many job requirements in busy days which will be discarded in the conventional job scheduling model. Therefore, the improvement of scheduling efficiency in the TDRSS can not only help to increase the resource utilities, but also to reduce the scheduling failure ratio. A model of nonhomogeneous parallel machines scheduling problems with time window （NPM-TW） is firstly built up for the TDRSS, considering the distinct features of the variable preparation time and the nonhomogeneous transmission rates for different types of antennas on each tracking and data relay satellite （TDRS）. Then, an adaptive subsequence adjustment （ASA） framework with evolutionary asymmetric path-relinking （EvAPR） is proposed to solve this problem, in which an asymmetric progressive crossover operation is involved to overcome the local optima by the conventional job inserting methods. The numerical results show that, compared with the classical greedy randomized adaptive search procedure （GRASP） algorithm, the scheduling failure ratio of jobs can be reduced over 11% on average by the proposed ASA with EvAPR.展开更多
An experimental analysis on the subsequent yield-surfaces evolution using multiple specimens is presented for a 45 steel after a prescribed pre-strain loading in three different directions respectively, and the yieldi...An experimental analysis on the subsequent yield-surfaces evolution using multiple specimens is presented for a 45 steel after a prescribed pre-strain loading in three different directions respectively, and the yielding is defined by a designated offsetting strain. The size of the subsequent yield surface is found smaller than the initial yield surface; the negative cross effects are observed in the normal loading direction, its shape is not a Mises circle but has a rather blunt nose in loading direction and flat in the opposite. These results strongly depend on the loading path and the prescribed offset plastic strain. The plastic flow direction to the subsequent yield surface is investigated, and it is found that the plastic flow direction deviates from the normal flow rule. The deviation differs from preloading case to preloading case. And the plastic flow direction would have a larger deviation from the normal of the yield surface, if the subsequent yield was defined by a smaller offset strain. Furthermore, the experiments are simulated using the Chaboche model, and the results show that it can rationally predict yield-surface only when yield is defined by a fairly large offset strain.展开更多
Schizophrenia is a complex disease caused by genetic and environmental factors with a global heritability of more than 80%. By the end of the 1970s, Chinese scientists reported a heritability of schizophrenia of 82.9%...Schizophrenia is a complex disease caused by genetic and environmental factors with a global heritability of more than 80%. By the end of the 1970s, Chinese scientists reported a heritability of schizophrenia of 82.9% in the Chinese Han population. Continuous improvements in research techniques and the recruitment of larger samples have made it possible for Chinese scientists to identify a number of candidate susceptibility genes for schizophrenia. This article reviews the results in genetic research of schizophrenia by Chinese scientists over the last five decades.展开更多
Cuscuta campestris, a dodder, can parasitize and suppress a scrambling herbaceous to semi-woody perennial vine, Mikania micrantha, one of the most destructive weeds in the world. To assess the effects of the mixed res...Cuscuta campestris, a dodder, can parasitize and suppress a scrambling herbaceous to semi-woody perennial vine, Mikania micrantha, one of the most destructive weeds in the world. To assess the effects of the mixed residue of C. campestris and M. micrantha on the subsequent plant community, we conducted a one-year experiment on the germination and seedling growth of subsequent plant community after the application of C. campestris. Seven treatments of varying proportions of C. campestris and M. mierantha residue on 21 subject trees and shrubs, which were commonly found in South China, resulted in a germination rate of 35.3% for all 8 715 seeds from 18 species, ranging from 5.7 to 81.9%; the remaining 3 species failed to germinate. ANOVA analysis showed that the residue did not affect the germination, growth, or mortality of the trees and shrubs. The germinated C. campestris seeds from the residue coiled the seedlings of most of the species, but less than 4% host death caused by C. campestris. In addition, the residue did not affect the germination of the herbaceous seedlings originating from the loam, and the similarity coefficients of the germinated seedlings between the treatments were very high. These results suggested that the residue had no negative impact on the germination and early seedling stages of the tree, shrub and grass species of the subsequent plant community. The use of C. campestris residue had a positive effect on the growth of M. micrantha, but it did not change the trend of M. micrantha being suppressed because re-parasitization occurred soon after the growth restarted. No negative effect was detected on the other species as a result of the parasitization of C. campestris or by the use of the mixed residue. This suggests that C. campestris is likely to be an effective and promising ecologically safe native herbaceous agent for controlling M. micrantha.展开更多
A fundamental problem in sequence stratigraphy is whether the sequences are global in extent and whether the sea level changes are eustatic in nature. Study on the Upper Devonian and Lower Carboniferous depositional s...A fundamental problem in sequence stratigraphy is whether the sequences are global in extent and whether the sea level changes are eustatic in nature. Study on the Upper Devonian and Lower Carboniferous depositional sequences in different facies belts on the southern margin of the Upper Yangtze platform shows that different orders of sequences possess distinctive distribution and correlation in space, although the sea level changes in various orders of sequences may be primarily global in nature. The present paper regards the distribution in space, especially in different facies belts, as a criterion for defining and recognizing the various orders of sequences. The orthosequence (third order sequence) is probably global in nature, which may be discerned in various depositional facies belts on the continental margin and can be correlated over long distances, sometimes maybe worldwide. Commonly, correlation of the subsequences (fourth order sequences with time interval of 0.5 Ma to 1.5 Ma) is difficult in different facies belts, although some of them are probably also worldwide in distribution. A subsequence should be distinguishable and correlatable within at least one facies belt. The higher order sequences, including parasequences (fifth order sequences) and microsequences (sixth order sequences), are regional or local in distribution. They may have reflected the longer and shorter Milankovitch cycles respectively. Orthosequences and subsequences are usually recognizable in different facies belts, while parasequences and microsequences may be distinguished only in shallow marine deposits, but not in slope and basin facies deposits.展开更多
Dietary lipid supplementation benefits the prolific and high-producing modern lactating sow. A comprehensive review of recent studies showed that lipid supplementation increases average daily energy intake, which is p...Dietary lipid supplementation benefits the prolific and high-producing modern lactating sow. A comprehensive review of recent studies showed that lipid supplementation increases average daily energy intake, which is partitioned for lactation as indicated by greater milk fat output and improved litter growth rate. Recent compelling findings showed that addition of particular lipids during lactation improved the subsequent reproductive outcome of sows. Such benefits were related to the level of dietary essential fatty acids（EFA, linoleic acid, C18：2n-6; and α-linolenic acid, C18：3n-3） during lactation. Lactation diets without supplemental EFA resulted in a pronounced negative balance（intake minus milk output） of linoleic（-25.49 g/d） and α-linolenic acid（-2.75 g/d）; which compromised sow fertility（farrowing rate 〈 75 % and culling rates 〉 25 % of weaned sows）. This phenomenon seems to be increasingly important with advancing sow age because of a progressive reduction of body EFA pool over successive lactations. The net effect of supplemental EFA during lactation was to create a positive EFA balance, which improved the subsequent reproduction of sows. Adequate linoleic acid intake improved the proportion of sows that farrowed in the subsequent cycle（Farrowing rate（%） = [（-1.5 × 10^-3× linoleic acid intake（g/d）^2） ＋（0.53 × linoleic acid intake（g/d）） ＋（45.2）]; quadratic P = 0.002, R^2= 0.997, RMSE = 0.031）. In addition, increasing linoleic acid intake increased the number of pigs born in the subsequent cycle（total pigs born（n） = [（9.4 × 10^-5× linoleic acid intake（g/d）^2） ＋（0.04 × linoleic acid intake（g/d）） ＋（10.94）]; quadratic P = 0.002, R^2= 0.997, RMSE = 0.031）. Supplemental α-linolenic acid resulted in a rapid return to estrus（sows bred： sows weaned = 94.2 %; wean-to-estrus interval = 4.0 d） and achieved a high retention of pregnancy（sows pregnant： sows bred = 98 %）. Collectively, we conclude that a minimum dietary intake of10 g/d of α-linolenic acid, simultaneous with a minimum of 125 g/d of linoleic acid should be provided to ≥ 95 % of the sows; thereby, achieving a maximum sow reproductive efficiency through multiple mechanisms that include rapid return to estrus, high maintenance of pregnancy and large subsequent litter size in mature sows, that appear to be susceptible to EFA deficiency.展开更多
4-Aminobutyrate accumulates in plants under abiotic stress.Here,targeted quantitative profiling of metabolites and transcripts was conducted to monitor glutamate-and polyamine-derived 4-aminobutyrate production and it...4-Aminobutyrate accumulates in plants under abiotic stress.Here,targeted quantitative profiling of metabolites and transcripts was conducted to monitor glutamate-and polyamine-derived 4-aminobutyrate production and its subsequent catabolism to succinate or 4-hydroxybutyrate in apple(Malus x domestica Borkh.)fruit stored at 0°C with 2.5 kPa O2 and 0.03 or 5 kPa CO2 for 16 weeks.Low-temperature-induced protein hydrolysis appeared to be responsible for the enhanced availability of amino acids during early storage,and the resulting higher glutamate level stimulated 4-aminobutyrate levels more than polyamines.Elevated CO2 increased the levels of polyamines,as well as succinate and 4-hydroxybutyrate,during early storage,and 4-aminobutyrate and 4-hydroxybutyrate over the longer term.Expression of all of the genes likely involved in 4-aminobutyrate metabolism from glutamate/polyamines to succinate/4-hydroxybutyrate was induced in a co-ordinated manner.CO2-regulated expression of apple GLUTAMATE DECARBOXYLASE 2,AMINE OXIDASE 1,ALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE 10A8 and POLYAMINE OXIDASE 2 was evident with longer term storage.Evidence suggested that respiratory activities were restricted by the elevated CO2/O2 environment,and that decreasing NAD+availability and increasing NADPH and NADPH/NADP+,respectively,played key roles in the regulation of succinate and 4-hydroxybutyate accumulation.Together,these findings suggest that both transcriptional and biochemical mechanisms are associated with 4-aminobutyrate and 4-hydroxybutyrate metabolism in apple fruit stored under multiple abiotic stresses.展开更多
In this paper, with the aid of large deviation formulas established in strong topology of functional space generated by HSlder norm, we discuss the functional sample path properties of subsequence＇s C-R increments fo...In this paper, with the aid of large deviation formulas established in strong topology of functional space generated by HSlder norm, we discuss the functional sample path properties of subsequence＇s C-R increments for a Wiener process in HSlder norm. The obtained results, generalize the corresponding results of Chen and the classic Strassen＇s law of iterated logarithm for a Wiener process.展开更多
This paper introduces a novel transform method to produce the newly generated programs through code transform model called the second generation of Generative Pre-trained Transformer(GPT-2)reasonably,improving the pro...This paper introduces a novel transform method to produce the newly generated programs through code transform model called the second generation of Generative Pre-trained Transformer(GPT-2)reasonably,improving the program execution performance significantly.Besides,a theoretical estimation in statistics has given the minimum number of generated programs as required,which guarantees to find the best one within them.The proposed approach can help the voice assistant machine resolve the problem of inefficient execution of application code.In addition to GPT-2,this study develops the variational Simhash algorithm to check the code similarity between sample program and newly generated program,and conceives the piecewise longest common subsequence algorithm to examine the execution’s conformity from the two programs mentioned above.The code similarity check deducts the redundant generated programs,and the output conformity check finds the best-performing generative program.In addition to texts,the proposed approach can also prove the other media,including images,sounds,and movies.As a result,the newly generated program outperforms the sample program significantly because the number of code lines reduces 27.21%,and the program execution time shortens 24.62%.展开更多
文摘Parkinson's disease(PD) has a complex and multifactorial pathophysiology. Various studies, conducted both in pre-clinical models and PD patients, have reported a link between the disruption of calcium(Ca^(2+)) homeostasis and the subsequent development of PD. Ca^(2+) regulation is crucial for neuronal survival, differentiation,exocytosis at synapses,gene transcription,and proliferation.
文摘Background This study investigated the potential impacts of increasing linoleic andα-linolenic acid intake during lactation and wean-to-breeding on subsequent reproduction of sows.A total of 309 sows(PIC Camborough L42)were balanced by parity(140 and 169 sows representing parity 1 to 2[P1-2]and 3 to 9[P3+],respectively)and assigned within parity to a 2×2 factorial arrangement.Factors included essential fatty acid(EFA)supplementation(control diets containing 1.2%linoleic and 0.15%α-linolenic acid or diets with 3.0%linoleic and 0.38%α-linolenic acid)and supplementation period(lactation or wean-to-breeding).Tallow(low EFA diets)or soybean oil(high EFA diets)were included at 4%in sorghum-soybean meal-wheat middlings-based diets to attain targeted EFA levels.Results High levels of EFA fed during lactation had no effect on feed intake or litter performance,but increased subsequent farrowing rate(P=0.027;82.1%vs.70.4%),tended to reduce the proportion of sows removed(P=0.070;12.4%vs.20.8%),decreased the number of total pigs born in the following litter(P=0.072;15.3 vs.16.2),and increased total pigs born alive per 100 sows weaned(P=0.062;1,122 vs.974),regardless of sow parity.Young sows(P1-2)consuming the high EFA diet during lactation displayed a shorter wean-to-estrus interval(P=0.035;4.2 vs.4.6),but P3+sows were unaffected.Increasing EFA intake for P3+sows,but not P1-2 sows,resulted in more sows bred by d 5(P=0.028;91.1%vs.81.7%)and more mummies in the subsequent litter(P=0.040;0.32 vs.0.16).Feeding increased EFA to P1-2 sows during the wean-to-breeding period decreased subsequent farrowing rate(P=0.042;72.0%vs.87.7%),and increased removal rate(P=0.003;28.8%vs.9.4%).Total pigs born alive per 100 sows weaned was reduced(P=0.007)in P1-2 sows when supplemented with EFA during wean-breeding(939 vs.1,149)but was not impacted in P3+sows(1,131 vs.982).Conclusions Supplemental EFA in lactation diets benefited subsequent reproduction of sows,regardless of parity.Increasing dietary levels of EFA during the wean-to-breeding period to younger sows negatively impacted subsequent reproduction.
文摘BACKGROUND The combination of anti-epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)therapy and chemotherapy is currently a preferred first-line treatment for patients with unre-sectable,RAS and BRAF wild-type,left-sided metastatic colorectal cancer(mCRC).Several studies have also demonstrated the benefit of anti-EGFR therapy in sub-sequent line settings for this patient population.However,direct evidence com-paring the effectiveness of frontline vs subsequent anti-EGFR therapy remains limited,leaving a crucial gap in guiding optimal treatment strategies.AIM To compare overall survival(OS)between frontline and subsequent anti-EGFR treatment in patients with unresectable,RAS and BRAF wild-type,left-sided mCRC.METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of mCRC patients treated at The King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital and Songklanagarind Hospital,Thailand,between January 2013 and April 2023.Patients were classified into two groups based on the sequence of their anti-EGFR treatment.The primary endpoint was OS.RESULTS Among 222 patients with a median follow-up of 29 months,no significant difference in OS was observed between the frontline and subsequent-line groups(HR 1.03,95%CI:0.73-1.46,P=0.878).The median OS was 35.53 months(95%CI:26.59-44.47)for the frontline group and 31.60 months(95%CI:27.83-35.37)for the subsequent-line group.In the subsequent-line group,71 patients(32.4%)who ultimately never received anti-EGFR therapy had a significantly worse median OS of 19.70 months(95%CI:12.87-26.53).CONCLUSION Frontline and subsequent-line anti-EGFR treatments provide comparable OS in unresectable,RAS/BRAF wild-type,left-sided mCRC patients,but early exposure is vital for those unlikely to receive subsequent therapy.
基金Program supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51305290)the Higher Education Technical Innovation Project of Shanxi Province,China(Grant No.2013133)+1 种基金the Fund Program for the Scientific Activities of Selected Returned Overseas Professionals of Shanxi Province,China(Grant No.2015003)the Program for the Key Team of Scientific and Technological Innovation of Shanxi Province,China(Grant No.2013131009)
文摘Ta/Nd/NdFeB/Nd/Ta sandwiched films are deposited by magnetron sputtering on Si（100） substrates,and subsequently annealed in vacuum at different temperatures for different time.It is found that both the thickness of NdFeB and Nd layer and the annealing condition can affect the magnetic properties of Ta/Nd/NdFeB/Nd/Ta films.Interestingly,the thickness and annealing temperature show the relevant behaviors that can affect the magnetic properties of the film.The high coercivity of 24.1 kOe（1 Oe = 79.5775 A/m） and remanence ratio（remanent magnetization/saturation magnetization）of 0.94 can be obtained in a Ta/Nd（250 nm）/NdFeB（600 nm）/Nd（250 nm）/Ta film annealed for 3 min at 1023 K.In addition,the thermal stability of the film is also linked to the thickness of NdFeB and Nd layer and the annealing temperature as well.The excellent thermal stability can be achieved in a Ta/Nd（250 nm）/NdFeB（600 nm）/Nd（250 nm）/Ta film annealed at1023 K.
基金Project(51274250)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2012BAK09B02-05)supported by the National Key Technology R&D Program during the 12th Five-year Plan of China
文摘An integration processing system of three-dimensional laser scanning information visualization in goaf was developed. It is provided with multiple functions, such as laser scanning information management for goaf, cloud data de-noising optimization, construction, display and operation of three-dimensional model, model editing, profile generation, calculation of goaf volume and roof area, Boolean calculation among models and interaction with the third party soft ware. Concerning this system with a concise interface, plentiful data input/output interfaces, it is featured with high integration, simple and convenient operations of applications. According to practice, in addition to being well-adapted, this system is favorably reliable and stable.
文摘The electric information of the auricular points can reflect the pathologicalchange on human boby.Authors invented “MT-871 Electric Medical Instrument” asdynamic measure of the electric information of the auricular points,and applied thisinstrument to the screening survey of the upper digestive tract cancer.According tothe characteristic of the parameters of the wave shape W,τ,and H in electrical infor-mation of the auricular points,the positive cases were diagnosed.In 1990 and 1992,
文摘AIM:To compare the outcomes of concomitant cholangiocarcinoma(C-CCA)and subsequent cholangiocar-cinoma(S-CCA)associated with hepatolithiasis. METHODS:From December 1987 to December 2007, 276 patients underwent hepatic resection for hepa-tolithiasis in Changhua Christian Hospital.Sixty-five patients were excluded due to incomplete medical records and the remaining 211 patients constituted our study population base.Ten patients were diag-nosed with C-CCA based on the preoperative biopsy or postoperative pathology.During the follow-up period, 12 patients developed S-CCA.The diagnosis of S-CCA was made by image-guided biopsy or by pathology if surgical intervention was carried out.Patient charts were reviewed to collect clinical information.Parameters such as CCA incidence,interval from operation to CCA diagnosis,interval from CCA diagnosis to disease-related death,follow-up time,and mortality rate were calculated for both the C-CCA and S-CCA groups.The outcomes of the C-CCA and S-CCA groups were math-ematically compared and analysed. RESULTS:Our study demonstrates the clinical implications and the survival outcomes of C-CCA and S-CCA. Among the patients with unilateral hepatolithiasis,the incidence rates of C-CCA and S-CCA were fairly similar (4.8%vs 4.5%,respectively,P=0.906).However,for the patients with bilateral hepatolithiasis,the incidence rate of S-CCA(12.2%)was higher than that of C-CCA (4.7%),although the sample size was limited and the difference between two groups was not statistically sig-nificant(P=0.211).The average follow-up time was 56 mo for the C-CCA group and 71 mo for the S-CCA group.Regard to the average time intervals from operation to CCA diagnosis,S-CCA was diagnosed after 67 mo from the initial hepatectomy.The average time intervals from the diagnoses of CCA to disease-related death was 41 mo for the C-CCA group and 4 mo for the S-CCA group,this difference approached statistical sig-nificance(P=0.075).Regarding the rates of overall and disease-related mortality,the C-CCA group had signifi-cantly lower overall mortality(70%vs 100%,P=0.041) and disease-related mortality(60%vs 100%,P=0.015) than the S-CCA group.For the survival outcomes of two groups,the Kaplan-Meier curves corresponding to each group also demonstrated better survival outcomes for the C-CCA group(log rank P=0.005).In the C-CCA group,three patients were still alive at the time of data analysis,all of them had free surgical margins and did not have pathologically proven lymph node metastasis at the time of the initial hepatectomy.In the S-CCA group,only one patient had chance to undergo a second hepatectomy,and all 12 S-CCA patients had died at the time of data analysis. CONCLUSION:C-CCA has better outcomes than S-CCA.The first hepatectomy is crucial because most patients with recurrent CCA or S-CCA are not eligible for repeated surgical intervention.
基金This work was funded by the 973 program(2012CB113900 and 2013CB127000)the 863 program(2012AA100101)and a National Natural Science Foundation of China NSFC grant(31301771)Research was conducted at the Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops,Ministry of Agriculture,P.R.China,and the Sino-Dutch Joint Lab of Horticultural Genomics Technology.
文摘The genus Brassica belongs to the plant family Brassicaceae,which includes many important crop species that are used as oilseed,condiments,or vegetables throughout the world.Brassica plants comprise many diverse species,and each species contains rich morphotypes showing extreme traits.Brassica species experienced an extra whole genome triplication(WGT)event compared with the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana.Whole genome sequencing of the Brassica species Brassica rapa,Brassica oleracea and others demonstrated that WGT plays an important role in the speciation and morphotype diversification of Brassica plants.Comparative genomic analysis based on the genome sequences of B.rapa and A.thaliana clearly identified the WGT event and further demonstrated that the translocated Proto-Calepine Karyotype(tPCK,n57)was the diploid ancestor of the three subgenomes in B.rapa.Following WGT,subsequent extensive genome fractionation,block reshuffling and chromosome reduction accompanied by paleocentromere descent from the three tPCK subgenomes during the rediploidization process produced stable diploid species.Genomic rearrangement of the diploid species and their hybridization then contributed to Brassica speciation.The subgenome dominance effect and biased gene retention,such as the over-retention of auxin-related genes after WGT,promoted functional gene evolution and thus propelled the expansion of rich morphotypes in the Brassica species.In conclusion,the WGT event initiated subsequent genomic and gene-level evolution,which further drove Brassica speciation and created rich morphotypes in each species.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (No. 2005CB422105)
文摘Lunnan （轮南） low uplift,where developed amounts of condensate pools in both Ordovician and Carboniferous reservoirs,locates in the north uplift of Tarim basin,Northwest China.Lunnan area has experienced intensive gas invasion since the Himalayan movement,causing multiple types of accumulation coexisting in the Ordovician reservoir.Geochemical evidence shows that these condensate oils are of low maturity （vitrinite reflectance levels near 1.0%） and the dominant component of the condensate gas is dry gas （the content of CH4 over 94%）,which reflects that the condensate pool in Lunnan area is not the product of thermal cracking,but the subsequent accumulation derived from the phase fractionation.Furthermore,our observations on the C6-C7 hydrocarbons in Lunnan area are qualitatively similar to the effect of phase fractionation with condensates having higher paraffin and lower aromaticity than residual oils.Thus,two types of the condensates are defined by their phase behavior,which are saturated condensate pool and the nonsaturated one.The saturated condensate pool with an oil ring mainly developed in Ordovician reservoir,with large difference between formation pressure （FMP） and the dew point pressure （DPP）.The origin of these condensates is considered as the in-situ segregation triggered by the invasion of excessive dry gas.On the other hand,the nonsaturated condensate pool that almost existed in the Carboniferous reservoir is a hydrocarbon reservoir containing slight difference between FMP and DPP,without oil ring,and evaporative fractionation due to the fault movement controls its generation.
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China under Grant No 2007CB815001the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 10875152,11005128,10975064 and 10979066+2 种基金the National Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholars under Grant Nos 10825522 and 10925526Projects of International Cooperation and Exchanges NSFC No 11120101005the Knowledge Innovation Project of Chinese Academy of Sciences(KJCX2-EW-N01).
文摘With the recent commissioning of a gas-filled recoil separator at Institute of Modern Physics (IMP) in Lanzhou,the decay properties of 271Ds (Z =110) were studied via the 20sPb(64Ni,n) reaction at a beam energy of 313.3 MeV.Based on the separator coupled with a position sensitive silicon strip detector,we carried out the energy-position-time correlation measurements for the implanted nucleus and its subsequent decay α's.One α-decay chain for 271Ds was established.The α energy and decay time of the 27iDs nucleus were measured to be 10.644 MeV and 96.8ms,which are consistent with the values reported in the literature.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(6113200291338101+3 种基金91338108)the National S&T Major Project(2011ZX03004-001-01)the Research Fund of Tsinghua University(2011Z05117)the Co-innovation Laboratory of Aerospace Broadband Network Technology
文摘Due to the limited transmission resources for data relay in the tracking and data relay satellite system （TDRSS）, there are many job requirements in busy days which will be discarded in the conventional job scheduling model. Therefore, the improvement of scheduling efficiency in the TDRSS can not only help to increase the resource utilities, but also to reduce the scheduling failure ratio. A model of nonhomogeneous parallel machines scheduling problems with time window （NPM-TW） is firstly built up for the TDRSS, considering the distinct features of the variable preparation time and the nonhomogeneous transmission rates for different types of antennas on each tracking and data relay satellite （TDRS）. Then, an adaptive subsequence adjustment （ASA） framework with evolutionary asymmetric path-relinking （EvAPR） is proposed to solve this problem, in which an asymmetric progressive crossover operation is involved to overcome the local optima by the conventional job inserting methods. The numerical results show that, compared with the classical greedy randomized adaptive search procedure （GRASP） algorithm, the scheduling failure ratio of jobs can be reduced over 11% on average by the proposed ASA with EvAPR.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.90815001and11072064)Key Project of Guangxi Science and Technology Lab Center(No.LGZX201101)
文摘An experimental analysis on the subsequent yield-surfaces evolution using multiple specimens is presented for a 45 steel after a prescribed pre-strain loading in three different directions respectively, and the yielding is defined by a designated offsetting strain. The size of the subsequent yield surface is found smaller than the initial yield surface; the negative cross effects are observed in the normal loading direction, its shape is not a Mises circle but has a rather blunt nose in loading direction and flat in the opposite. These results strongly depend on the loading path and the prescribed offset plastic strain. The plastic flow direction to the subsequent yield surface is investigated, and it is found that the plastic flow direction deviates from the normal flow rule. The deviation differs from preloading case to preloading case. And the plastic flow direction would have a larger deviation from the normal of the yield surface, if the subsequent yield was defined by a smaller offset strain. Furthermore, the experiments are simulated using the Chaboche model, and the results show that it can rationally predict yield-surface only when yield is defined by a fairly large offset strain.
文摘Schizophrenia is a complex disease caused by genetic and environmental factors with a global heritability of more than 80%. By the end of the 1970s, Chinese scientists reported a heritability of schizophrenia of 82.9% in the Chinese Han population. Continuous improvements in research techniques and the recruitment of larger samples have made it possible for Chinese scientists to identify a number of candidate susceptibility genes for schizophrenia. This article reviews the results in genetic research of schizophrenia by Chinese scientists over the last five decades.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30370243)the Science and Technology Department of Shenzhen,China (2007 No.5)+2 种基金the Foundation of Human Settlements and Environment Commission of Shenzhen Municipality (2009)the Foundation of Chinese Academy of Forestry (2002ZD01 (2003))the Special Fund for Agro-Scientific Research in the Public Interest,China (201103027)
文摘Cuscuta campestris, a dodder, can parasitize and suppress a scrambling herbaceous to semi-woody perennial vine, Mikania micrantha, one of the most destructive weeds in the world. To assess the effects of the mixed residue of C. campestris and M. micrantha on the subsequent plant community, we conducted a one-year experiment on the germination and seedling growth of subsequent plant community after the application of C. campestris. Seven treatments of varying proportions of C. campestris and M. mierantha residue on 21 subject trees and shrubs, which were commonly found in South China, resulted in a germination rate of 35.3% for all 8 715 seeds from 18 species, ranging from 5.7 to 81.9%; the remaining 3 species failed to germinate. ANOVA analysis showed that the residue did not affect the germination, growth, or mortality of the trees and shrubs. The germinated C. campestris seeds from the residue coiled the seedlings of most of the species, but less than 4% host death caused by C. campestris. In addition, the residue did not affect the germination of the herbaceous seedlings originating from the loam, and the similarity coefficients of the germinated seedlings between the treatments were very high. These results suggested that the residue had no negative impact on the germination and early seedling stages of the tree, shrub and grass species of the subsequent plant community. The use of C. campestris residue had a positive effect on the growth of M. micrantha, but it did not change the trend of M. micrantha being suppressed because re-parasitization occurred soon after the growth restarted. No negative effect was detected on the other species as a result of the parasitization of C. campestris or by the use of the mixed residue. This suggests that C. campestris is likely to be an effective and promising ecologically safe native herbaceous agent for controlling M. micrantha.
文摘A fundamental problem in sequence stratigraphy is whether the sequences are global in extent and whether the sea level changes are eustatic in nature. Study on the Upper Devonian and Lower Carboniferous depositional sequences in different facies belts on the southern margin of the Upper Yangtze platform shows that different orders of sequences possess distinctive distribution and correlation in space, although the sea level changes in various orders of sequences may be primarily global in nature. The present paper regards the distribution in space, especially in different facies belts, as a criterion for defining and recognizing the various orders of sequences. The orthosequence (third order sequence) is probably global in nature, which may be discerned in various depositional facies belts on the continental margin and can be correlated over long distances, sometimes maybe worldwide. Commonly, correlation of the subsequences (fourth order sequences with time interval of 0.5 Ma to 1.5 Ma) is difficult in different facies belts, although some of them are probably also worldwide in distribution. A subsequence should be distinguishable and correlatable within at least one facies belt. The higher order sequences, including parasequences (fifth order sequences) and microsequences (sixth order sequences), are regional or local in distribution. They may have reflected the longer and shorter Milankovitch cycles respectively. Orthosequences and subsequences are usually recognizable in different facies belts, while parasequences and microsequences may be distinguished only in shallow marine deposits, but not in slope and basin facies deposits.
基金supported partially by the North Carolina Pork Council,Raleigh,NC and the North Carolina Agricultural Foundation,Raleigh,NC
文摘Dietary lipid supplementation benefits the prolific and high-producing modern lactating sow. A comprehensive review of recent studies showed that lipid supplementation increases average daily energy intake, which is partitioned for lactation as indicated by greater milk fat output and improved litter growth rate. Recent compelling findings showed that addition of particular lipids during lactation improved the subsequent reproductive outcome of sows. Such benefits were related to the level of dietary essential fatty acids（EFA, linoleic acid, C18：2n-6; and α-linolenic acid, C18：3n-3） during lactation. Lactation diets without supplemental EFA resulted in a pronounced negative balance（intake minus milk output） of linoleic（-25.49 g/d） and α-linolenic acid（-2.75 g/d）; which compromised sow fertility（farrowing rate 〈 75 % and culling rates 〉 25 % of weaned sows）. This phenomenon seems to be increasingly important with advancing sow age because of a progressive reduction of body EFA pool over successive lactations. The net effect of supplemental EFA during lactation was to create a positive EFA balance, which improved the subsequent reproduction of sows. Adequate linoleic acid intake improved the proportion of sows that farrowed in the subsequent cycle（Farrowing rate（%） = [（-1.5 × 10^-3× linoleic acid intake（g/d）^2） ＋（0.53 × linoleic acid intake（g/d）） ＋（45.2）]; quadratic P = 0.002, R^2= 0.997, RMSE = 0.031）. In addition, increasing linoleic acid intake increased the number of pigs born in the subsequent cycle（total pigs born（n） = [（9.4 × 10^-5× linoleic acid intake（g/d）^2） ＋（0.04 × linoleic acid intake（g/d）） ＋（10.94）]; quadratic P = 0.002, R^2= 0.997, RMSE = 0.031）. Supplemental α-linolenic acid resulted in a rapid return to estrus（sows bred： sows weaned = 94.2 %; wean-to-estrus interval = 4.0 d） and achieved a high retention of pregnancy（sows pregnant： sows bred = 98 %）. Collectively, we conclude that a minimum dietary intake of10 g/d of α-linolenic acid, simultaneous with a minimum of 125 g/d of linoleic acid should be provided to ≥ 95 % of the sows; thereby, achieving a maximum sow reproductive efficiency through multiple mechanisms that include rapid return to estrus, high maintenance of pregnancy and large subsequent litter size in mature sows, that appear to be susceptible to EFA deficiency.
基金The research was supported by funding from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council(NSERC)of Canada as Strategic Project(B.J.S.and G.G.B.),Collaborative Research and Development(G.G.B.,B.J.S.and J.R.D.)and Individual Discovery(B.J.S.)Grants,and from the Ontario Ministry of Agriculture,Food&Rural Affairs,Rohm&Haas Canada LP(AgroFresh Inc.B.J.S.,G.G.B.and J.R.D.),and the Ontario Apple Growers(B.J.S.,G.G.B.and J.R.D.).
文摘4-Aminobutyrate accumulates in plants under abiotic stress.Here,targeted quantitative profiling of metabolites and transcripts was conducted to monitor glutamate-and polyamine-derived 4-aminobutyrate production and its subsequent catabolism to succinate or 4-hydroxybutyrate in apple(Malus x domestica Borkh.)fruit stored at 0°C with 2.5 kPa O2 and 0.03 or 5 kPa CO2 for 16 weeks.Low-temperature-induced protein hydrolysis appeared to be responsible for the enhanced availability of amino acids during early storage,and the resulting higher glutamate level stimulated 4-aminobutyrate levels more than polyamines.Elevated CO2 increased the levels of polyamines,as well as succinate and 4-hydroxybutyrate,during early storage,and 4-aminobutyrate and 4-hydroxybutyrate over the longer term.Expression of all of the genes likely involved in 4-aminobutyrate metabolism from glutamate/polyamines to succinate/4-hydroxybutyrate was induced in a co-ordinated manner.CO2-regulated expression of apple GLUTAMATE DECARBOXYLASE 2,AMINE OXIDASE 1,ALDEHYDE DEHYDROGENASE 10A8 and POLYAMINE OXIDASE 2 was evident with longer term storage.Evidence suggested that respiratory activities were restricted by the elevated CO2/O2 environment,and that decreasing NAD+availability and increasing NADPH and NADPH/NADP+,respectively,played key roles in the regulation of succinate and 4-hydroxybutyate accumulation.Together,these findings suggest that both transcriptional and biochemical mechanisms are associated with 4-aminobutyrate and 4-hydroxybutyrate metabolism in apple fruit stored under multiple abiotic stresses.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province of China(2011CDB229)
文摘In this paper, with the aid of large deviation formulas established in strong topology of functional space generated by HSlder norm, we discuss the functional sample path properties of subsequence＇s C-R increments for a Wiener process in HSlder norm. The obtained results, generalize the corresponding results of Chen and the classic Strassen＇s law of iterated logarithm for a Wiener process.
基金This work is fully supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology,Taiwan,Republic of China,under Grant Nos.MOST 110-2622-E-390-001 and MOST 109-2622-E-390-002-CC3.
文摘This paper introduces a novel transform method to produce the newly generated programs through code transform model called the second generation of Generative Pre-trained Transformer(GPT-2)reasonably,improving the program execution performance significantly.Besides,a theoretical estimation in statistics has given the minimum number of generated programs as required,which guarantees to find the best one within them.The proposed approach can help the voice assistant machine resolve the problem of inefficient execution of application code.In addition to GPT-2,this study develops the variational Simhash algorithm to check the code similarity between sample program and newly generated program,and conceives the piecewise longest common subsequence algorithm to examine the execution’s conformity from the two programs mentioned above.The code similarity check deducts the redundant generated programs,and the output conformity check finds the best-performing generative program.In addition to texts,the proposed approach can also prove the other media,including images,sounds,and movies.As a result,the newly generated program outperforms the sample program significantly because the number of code lines reduces 27.21%,and the program execution time shortens 24.62%.
