The study on slide stability of hydraulic structures on subbed soil was made. Using the slide test results of dragged concreting base plates on subbed soil pits, the decreased value of bearing capacity on slide after ...The study on slide stability of hydraulic structures on subbed soil was made. Using the slide test results of dragged concreting base plates on subbed soil pits, the decreased value of bearing capacity on slide after re- bound and repression influence of subbed soil was determined, and the envelope of ultimate slide shear resistance was also quantitatively determined. Due to the lack of similar mechanisms of slide stability on subbed soil and base plate of hydraulic structures, different safety coefficients for the slide stability were adopted. It was suggested to use the maximum compressive stress O＇m~ of eccentric load to predict structure displacement, slide and creepy slippage of subbed soil, to determine the sliding creepy contour and limit the maximum load on subbed soil. Two hydraulic structures that had been put into operation were reviewed by this method, and the results accorded with the real conditions.展开更多
In the lush heart of Uganda’s Busoga sub-region,Isaac Imaka is charting a new course for rural development.After seven years in national media,he left the newsroom and stepped into the soil.The former reporter with t...In the lush heart of Uganda’s Busoga sub-region,Isaac Imaka is charting a new course for rural development.After seven years in national media,he left the newsroom and stepped into the soil.The former reporter with the Daily Monitor was driven by the belief that communities like his in Jinja North deserved more than chronic poverty and hand-to-mouth survival.展开更多
Low-density superalloys often exhibit low yield strength in the intermediate temperature range(300−650℃).To enhance yield performance in this range,the CALPHAD method was used to design a new Co-based superalloy.The ...Low-density superalloys often exhibit low yield strength in the intermediate temperature range(300−650℃).To enhance yield performance in this range,the CALPHAD method was used to design a new Co-based superalloy.The Co−30Ni−10Al−3V−6Ti−2Ta alloy,designed based onγʹphase dissolution temperature and phase fraction,was synthesized via arc melting and heat treatment.Phase transition temperatures,microstructure evolution,and hightemperature mechanical properties were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry,scanning electron microscopy,dual-beam TEM,and compression tests.Results show that the alloy has low density(8.15 g/cm^(3))and highγʹdissolution temperature(1234℃),along with unique yield strength retention from room temperature to 650℃.The yield strength anomaly(YSA)is attributed to high stacking fault energy and activation of the Kear−Wilsdorf locking mechanism,contributing to superior high-temperature stability of the alloy.The yield strength of this alloy outperforms other lowdensity Co-based superalloys in the temperature range of 23−650℃.展开更多
Doping is essential for modulating semiconductor conductivity,forming p-n junctions,and reducing contact resistance[1].Notably,as organic semiconductors(OSCs)advance toward high performance,flexibility,and miniaturiza...Doping is essential for modulating semiconductor conductivity,forming p-n junctions,and reducing contact resistance[1].Notably,as organic semiconductors(OSCs)advance toward high performance,flexibility,and miniaturization,achieving precise regionally selective doping becomes critical for building complex,highly integrated devices[2].In inorganic semiconductors(e.g.,silicon),sub-100-nanometer regional doping is achievable through photolithography and ion implantation—techniques foundational to modern complementary metaloxide-semiconductor(CMOS)technology[3].展开更多
The optically levitated mechanical system in vacuum is a powerful platform in physics.It has been displaying more extensive application prospects.This paper presents an experimental study of optical levitation,identif...The optically levitated mechanical system in vacuum is a powerful platform in physics.It has been displaying more extensive application prospects.This paper presents an experimental study of optical levitation,identification,motion measurement,and assembly of two-species photoluminescence nanoparticles.A laser trapping array simultaneously levitates nitrogen-vacancy(NV)nanodiamonds and Yb^(3+)/Er^(3+):NaYF_(4)nanoparticles.The species of each nanoparticle can be individually identified by measuring the photoluminescence spectrum.We choose the single NV nanodiamond and Yb^(3+)/Er^(3+):NaYF_(4)nanoparticle and assemble them into a Janus composite nanoparticle,which integrates the merits of the two components.This work demonstrates the potential advantages of a hybrid optically levitated system.It provides a practicable scheme for the study of macroscopic quantum phenomena and precision measurement,thanks to the spin manipulation or spin-mechanical coupling of an NV diamond and by simultaneously implementing laser refrigeration to the Yb^(3+)/Er^(3+):NaYF_(4)nanoparticle in an optically levitated composite nanoparticle.展开更多
The 51st issue of Financial Innovation(FIN),Volume 11,No.3(2025)presents 25 papers contributed by authors and co-authors from 24 countries and areas:Belgium,Bosnia and Herzegovina,Brazil,Chile,China,Czech Republic,Egy...The 51st issue of Financial Innovation(FIN),Volume 11,No.3(2025)presents 25 papers contributed by authors and co-authors from 24 countries and areas:Belgium,Bosnia and Herzegovina,Brazil,Chile,China,Czech Republic,Egypt,France,Germany,Greece,Ireland,Lebanon,Nepal,Republic of Korea,Serbia,Slovenia,Spain,Sweden,Thailand,Turkiye,United Arab Emirates,UK,USA and Vietnam.These papers can mainly be categorized into four sub themes.展开更多
The 50th issue of Financial Innovation(FIN),Volume 11,No.2(2025)presents 23 papers contributed by authors and co-authors from 20 countries and areas:Australia,Chile,China,Czech Republic,France,Hungary,India,Indonesia,...The 50th issue of Financial Innovation(FIN),Volume 11,No.2(2025)presents 23 papers contributed by authors and co-authors from 20 countries and areas:Australia,Chile,China,Czech Republic,France,Hungary,India,Indonesia,Ireland,Pakistan,Republic of Azerbaijan,Republic of Korea,Russia,Spain,Tunisia,Turkiye,United Arab Emirates,UK,USA and Vietnam.These papers can mainly be categorized into four sub themes.展开更多
The 49th issue of Financial Innovation(FIN),Volume 11,No.1(2025)presents 26 papers contributed by authors and co-authors from 26 countries and areas:Australia,Belgium,Chile,China,Denmark,Germany,Hungary,India,Iran,Ita...The 49th issue of Financial Innovation(FIN),Volume 11,No.1(2025)presents 26 papers contributed by authors and co-authors from 26 countries and areas:Australia,Belgium,Chile,China,Denmark,Germany,Hungary,India,Iran,Italy,Jordan,Lebanon,Malaysia,Norway,Oman,Republic of Korea,Russia,Singapore,South Africa,Thailand,Tunisia,Türkiye,United Arab Emirates,UK,USA and Vietnam.These papers can mainly be categorized into four sub themes.展开更多
0 INTRODUCTION Serpentinite has high contents of water(up to~12 wt.%)and other volatiles(Pettke and Bretscher,2022).Dehydration of subducted serpentinite transfers massive water into the sub-arc mantle wedge and induc...0 INTRODUCTION Serpentinite has high contents of water(up to~12 wt.%)and other volatiles(Pettke and Bretscher,2022).Dehydration of subducted serpentinite transfers massive water into the sub-arc mantle wedge and induces fluxmelting to generate arc magmas.However,characterizing the role of serpentinite-derived fluids in arc magmatism is not easy,as serpentinite is depleted in incompatible elements compared to other subducted components(e.g.,altered oceanic crust(AOC)and sediments).展开更多
In the first half of 2025,amid a complex and ever-changing global economic landscape,China's textile machinery industry demonstrated a trend of steady growth in foreign trade.According to customs statistics,from J...In the first half of 2025,amid a complex and ever-changing global economic landscape,China's textile machinery industry demonstrated a trend of steady growth in foreign trade.According to customs statistics,from January to June 2025,the total value of China's textile machinery imports and exports reached USD 4.221 billion,marking a year-on-year increase of 29.00%.Among sub-sectors of China's textile machinery industry,compared with the same period last year,the overall sales of spinning,chemical fiber,dyeing and finishing machinery showed growth,nonwoven machinery remained generally stable,while weaving and knitting machinery experienced a decline.展开更多
Correction to:Nano-Micro Letters(2025)17:123 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-01654-y Following publication of the original article[1],the authors reported that Dr.Mohamed Bououdina’s affiliation needed to be corre...Correction to:Nano-Micro Letters(2025)17:123 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-01654-y Following publication of the original article[1],the authors reported that Dr.Mohamed Bououdina’s affiliation needed to be corrected from 1 to 2.The correct author affiliation has been provided in this Correction and the original article[1]has been corrected.展开更多
Objective As populations age,multimorbidity and frailty have emerged as major health challenges.While their associations with disability and mortality are well documented,their impact on quality of life(QoL)in sub-Sah...Objective As populations age,multimorbidity and frailty have emerged as major health challenges.While their associations with disability and mortality are well documented,their impact on quality of life(QoL)in sub-Saharan Africa remains underexplored.We examined the associations between frailty,multimorbidity and QoL among older adults in Rwanda.Design A cross-sectional population-based study.Multimorbidity was defined as having two or more chronic conditions,including hypertension,diabetes,heart disease and mental health conditions.Frailty scores were derived using the Fried phenotype,and QoL was measured using the European Health Instrument Survey-Quality of Life index(scaled 0%–100%).Sequential linear regression models were used to examine independent associations.Setting Rural and urban settings of Rwanda.Participant We analysed data from 4369 adults(≥40 years).Results The mean QoL score was 48.2%(±15.6).Frailty and multimorbidity prevalence were 14.5%(95%CI 13.5 to 15.6)and 55.2%(95%CI 53.7 to 56.6),respectively,while 55.0%(95%CI 53.3 to 56.3)were classified as prefrail.Frailty and multimorbidity are independently associated with poorer QoL.Compared with robust individuals,prefrail and frail individuals experienced a 3.66(95%CI−4.63 to–2.70)and 7.30(95%CI−8.76 to–5.83)percentage point reduction in QoL,respectively.Multimorbidity was associated with a 4.66%(95%CI−5.54 to–3.79)point decrease in QoL.Impairments in activities of daily living partly mediated these associations.Conclusions Frailty and multimorbidity showed a strong negative association with QoL,with frailty having a stronger effect.These findings underscore the need for age-responsive healthcare strategies,including frailty screening and integrated chronic care,to enhance QoL among older adults in Rwanda.展开更多
Journal Introduction″International Journal of Plant Engineering and Management″is in the charge of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People′s Republic of China,and organized by Northwestern Pol...Journal Introduction″International Journal of Plant Engineering and Management″is in the charge of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People′s Republic of China,and organized by Northwestern Polytechnical University.It is a kind of English academic quarterly publication publicly issued at home and abroad.Plant engineering and management is a comprehensive interdisciplinary sub⁃ject mainly reporting academic research on the application technology of equipment and industry management.It is of the characteristics of reporting both engineering and management while giving more priority to engineering as well as mechanics and electrics while giving priority to mechanics.Its contents involves technology,economy,management etc.展开更多
Rare-earth based frustrated magnets have attracted great attention as excellent candidates for magnetic refrigeration at sub-Kelvin temperatures,while the experimental identification of systems exhibiting both large v...Rare-earth based frustrated magnets have attracted great attention as excellent candidates for magnetic refrigeration at sub-Kelvin temperatures,while the experimental identification of systems exhibiting both large volumetric cooling capacity and reduced working temperatures far below 1K remains a challenge.Here,through ultra-low temperature magnetism and thermodynamic characterizations,we unveil the large magnetocaloric effect(MCE)realized at sub-Kelvin temperatures in the frustrated Kagome antiferromagnet Gd_(3)BWO_(9) with T_(N)∼1.0 K.The isothermal magnetization curves indicate the existence of field(B)induced anisotropic magnetic phase diagrams,where four distinct magnetic phases for B‖c-axis and five magnetic phases for B‖ab-plane are identified at T<T_(N).The analysis of magnetic entropy S(B,T)data and direct adiabatic demagnetization tests reveal remarkable cooling performance at sub-Kelvin temperatures featured by a large volumetric entropy density of 502.2 mJ/K/cm^(3)and a low attainable minimal temperature T_(min)∼168mK from the initial cooling condition of 2K and 6 T,surpassing most Gd-based refrigerants previously documented in temperature ranges of 0.25–4 K.The realized T_(min)∼168mK far below T_(N)∼1.0K in Gd_(3)BWO_(9) is related to the combined effects of magnetic frustration and criticality-enhanced MCE,which together leave substantial magnetic entropy at reduced temperatures by enhancing spin fluctuations.展开更多
High-performance, large-area optical gratings for applications like chirped pulse amplification, gravitational wave astronomy, and X-ray optics require sub-nanometer line placement control over several cm^(2). Electro...High-performance, large-area optical gratings for applications like chirped pulse amplification, gravitational wave astronomy, and X-ray optics require sub-nanometer line placement control over several cm^(2). Electron beam lithography with a variable shaped beam(VSB) is well suited but limited by tool-dependent address grid discretization. We adapted address grid interpolation to the VSB method, reducing the effective placement grid to 25 pm, as confirmed by stray light measurements.展开更多
On the basis of introducing the fundamental theory and the basic analysis steps of the sub model method, the strength of the new engine complex assembly structure was analyzed according to the properties of the engin...On the basis of introducing the fundamental theory and the basic analysis steps of the sub model method, the strength of the new engine complex assembly structure was analyzed according to the properties of the engine structures, some of the key parts of the engine were analyzed with refined mesh by sub model method and the error of the FEM solution was estimated by the extrapolation method. The example showed that the sub model can not only analyze the comlex structures without the restriction of the software and hardware of the computers, but get the more precise analysis result also. This method is more suitable for the strength analysis of the complex assembly structure.展开更多
文摘The study on slide stability of hydraulic structures on subbed soil was made. Using the slide test results of dragged concreting base plates on subbed soil pits, the decreased value of bearing capacity on slide after re- bound and repression influence of subbed soil was determined, and the envelope of ultimate slide shear resistance was also quantitatively determined. Due to the lack of similar mechanisms of slide stability on subbed soil and base plate of hydraulic structures, different safety coefficients for the slide stability were adopted. It was suggested to use the maximum compressive stress O＇m~ of eccentric load to predict structure displacement, slide and creepy slippage of subbed soil, to determine the sliding creepy contour and limit the maximum load on subbed soil. Two hydraulic structures that had been put into operation were reviewed by this method, and the results accorded with the real conditions.
文摘In the lush heart of Uganda’s Busoga sub-region,Isaac Imaka is charting a new course for rural development.After seven years in national media,he left the newsroom and stepped into the soil.The former reporter with the Daily Monitor was driven by the belief that communities like his in Jinja North deserved more than chronic poverty and hand-to-mouth survival.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51831007,52101135)the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program,China(No.SGDX20210823104002016)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation,China(Nos.2021B1515120071,JCYJ20220531095217039)。
文摘Low-density superalloys often exhibit low yield strength in the intermediate temperature range(300−650℃).To enhance yield performance in this range,the CALPHAD method was used to design a new Co-based superalloy.The Co−30Ni−10Al−3V−6Ti−2Ta alloy,designed based onγʹphase dissolution temperature and phase fraction,was synthesized via arc melting and heat treatment.Phase transition temperatures,microstructure evolution,and hightemperature mechanical properties were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry,scanning electron microscopy,dual-beam TEM,and compression tests.Results show that the alloy has low density(8.15 g/cm^(3))and highγʹdissolution temperature(1234℃),along with unique yield strength retention from room temperature to 650℃.The yield strength anomaly(YSA)is attributed to high stacking fault energy and activation of the Kear−Wilsdorf locking mechanism,contributing to superior high-temperature stability of the alloy.The yield strength of this alloy outperforms other lowdensity Co-based superalloys in the temperature range of 23−650℃.
文摘Doping is essential for modulating semiconductor conductivity,forming p-n junctions,and reducing contact resistance[1].Notably,as organic semiconductors(OSCs)advance toward high performance,flexibility,and miniaturization,achieving precise regionally selective doping becomes critical for building complex,highly integrated devices[2].In inorganic semiconductors(e.g.,silicon),sub-100-nanometer regional doping is achievable through photolithography and ion implantation—techniques foundational to modern complementary metaloxide-semiconductor(CMOS)technology[3].
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61975101,11234008,11361161002,and 6157-1276)。
文摘The optically levitated mechanical system in vacuum is a powerful platform in physics.It has been displaying more extensive application prospects.This paper presents an experimental study of optical levitation,identification,motion measurement,and assembly of two-species photoluminescence nanoparticles.A laser trapping array simultaneously levitates nitrogen-vacancy(NV)nanodiamonds and Yb^(3+)/Er^(3+):NaYF_(4)nanoparticles.The species of each nanoparticle can be individually identified by measuring the photoluminescence spectrum.We choose the single NV nanodiamond and Yb^(3+)/Er^(3+):NaYF_(4)nanoparticle and assemble them into a Janus composite nanoparticle,which integrates the merits of the two components.This work demonstrates the potential advantages of a hybrid optically levitated system.It provides a practicable scheme for the study of macroscopic quantum phenomena and precision measurement,thanks to the spin manipulation or spin-mechanical coupling of an NV diamond and by simultaneously implementing laser refrigeration to the Yb^(3+)/Er^(3+):NaYF_(4)nanoparticle in an optically levitated composite nanoparticle.
文摘The 51st issue of Financial Innovation(FIN),Volume 11,No.3(2025)presents 25 papers contributed by authors and co-authors from 24 countries and areas:Belgium,Bosnia and Herzegovina,Brazil,Chile,China,Czech Republic,Egypt,France,Germany,Greece,Ireland,Lebanon,Nepal,Republic of Korea,Serbia,Slovenia,Spain,Sweden,Thailand,Turkiye,United Arab Emirates,UK,USA and Vietnam.These papers can mainly be categorized into four sub themes.
文摘The 50th issue of Financial Innovation(FIN),Volume 11,No.2(2025)presents 23 papers contributed by authors and co-authors from 20 countries and areas:Australia,Chile,China,Czech Republic,France,Hungary,India,Indonesia,Ireland,Pakistan,Republic of Azerbaijan,Republic of Korea,Russia,Spain,Tunisia,Turkiye,United Arab Emirates,UK,USA and Vietnam.These papers can mainly be categorized into four sub themes.
文摘The 49th issue of Financial Innovation(FIN),Volume 11,No.1(2025)presents 26 papers contributed by authors and co-authors from 26 countries and areas:Australia,Belgium,Chile,China,Denmark,Germany,Hungary,India,Iran,Italy,Jordan,Lebanon,Malaysia,Norway,Oman,Republic of Korea,Russia,Singapore,South Africa,Thailand,Tunisia,Türkiye,United Arab Emirates,UK,USA and Vietnam.These papers can mainly be categorized into four sub themes.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42122019 and 42288201)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2652023001)the State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China。
文摘0 INTRODUCTION Serpentinite has high contents of water(up to~12 wt.%)and other volatiles(Pettke and Bretscher,2022).Dehydration of subducted serpentinite transfers massive water into the sub-arc mantle wedge and induces fluxmelting to generate arc magmas.However,characterizing the role of serpentinite-derived fluids in arc magmatism is not easy,as serpentinite is depleted in incompatible elements compared to other subducted components(e.g.,altered oceanic crust(AOC)and sediments).
文摘In the first half of 2025,amid a complex and ever-changing global economic landscape,China's textile machinery industry demonstrated a trend of steady growth in foreign trade.According to customs statistics,from January to June 2025,the total value of China's textile machinery imports and exports reached USD 4.221 billion,marking a year-on-year increase of 29.00%.Among sub-sectors of China's textile machinery industry,compared with the same period last year,the overall sales of spinning,chemical fiber,dyeing and finishing machinery showed growth,nonwoven machinery remained generally stable,while weaving and knitting machinery experienced a decline.
文摘Correction to:Nano-Micro Letters(2025)17:123 https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-01654-y Following publication of the original article[1],the authors reported that Dr.Mohamed Bououdina’s affiliation needed to be corrected from 1 to 2.The correct author affiliation has been provided in this Correction and the original article[1]has been corrected.
文摘Objective As populations age,multimorbidity and frailty have emerged as major health challenges.While their associations with disability and mortality are well documented,their impact on quality of life(QoL)in sub-Saharan Africa remains underexplored.We examined the associations between frailty,multimorbidity and QoL among older adults in Rwanda.Design A cross-sectional population-based study.Multimorbidity was defined as having two or more chronic conditions,including hypertension,diabetes,heart disease and mental health conditions.Frailty scores were derived using the Fried phenotype,and QoL was measured using the European Health Instrument Survey-Quality of Life index(scaled 0%–100%).Sequential linear regression models were used to examine independent associations.Setting Rural and urban settings of Rwanda.Participant We analysed data from 4369 adults(≥40 years).Results The mean QoL score was 48.2%(±15.6).Frailty and multimorbidity prevalence were 14.5%(95%CI 13.5 to 15.6)and 55.2%(95%CI 53.7 to 56.6),respectively,while 55.0%(95%CI 53.3 to 56.3)were classified as prefrail.Frailty and multimorbidity are independently associated with poorer QoL.Compared with robust individuals,prefrail and frail individuals experienced a 3.66(95%CI−4.63 to–2.70)and 7.30(95%CI−8.76 to–5.83)percentage point reduction in QoL,respectively.Multimorbidity was associated with a 4.66%(95%CI−5.54 to–3.79)point decrease in QoL.Impairments in activities of daily living partly mediated these associations.Conclusions Frailty and multimorbidity showed a strong negative association with QoL,with frailty having a stronger effect.These findings underscore the need for age-responsive healthcare strategies,including frailty screening and integrated chronic care,to enhance QoL among older adults in Rwanda.
文摘Journal Introduction″International Journal of Plant Engineering and Management″is in the charge of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People′s Republic of China,and organized by Northwestern Polytechnical University.It is a kind of English academic quarterly publication publicly issued at home and abroad.Plant engineering and management is a comprehensive interdisciplinary sub⁃ject mainly reporting academic research on the application technology of equipment and industry management.It is of the characteristics of reporting both engineering and management while giving more priority to engineering as well as mechanics and electrics while giving priority to mechanics.Its contents involves technology,economy,management etc.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(Grant Nos.2024YFA1611200 and 2023YFA1406500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12141002 and 52088101)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDB1270000)。
文摘Rare-earth based frustrated magnets have attracted great attention as excellent candidates for magnetic refrigeration at sub-Kelvin temperatures,while the experimental identification of systems exhibiting both large volumetric cooling capacity and reduced working temperatures far below 1K remains a challenge.Here,through ultra-low temperature magnetism and thermodynamic characterizations,we unveil the large magnetocaloric effect(MCE)realized at sub-Kelvin temperatures in the frustrated Kagome antiferromagnet Gd_(3)BWO_(9) with T_(N)∼1.0 K.The isothermal magnetization curves indicate the existence of field(B)induced anisotropic magnetic phase diagrams,where four distinct magnetic phases for B‖c-axis and five magnetic phases for B‖ab-plane are identified at T<T_(N).The analysis of magnetic entropy S(B,T)data and direct adiabatic demagnetization tests reveal remarkable cooling performance at sub-Kelvin temperatures featured by a large volumetric entropy density of 502.2 mJ/K/cm^(3)and a low attainable minimal temperature T_(min)∼168mK from the initial cooling condition of 2K and 6 T,surpassing most Gd-based refrigerants previously documented in temperature ranges of 0.25–4 K.The realized T_(min)∼168mK far below T_(N)∼1.0K in Gd_(3)BWO_(9) is related to the combined effects of magnetic frustration and criticality-enhanced MCE,which together leave substantial magnetic entropy at reduced temperatures by enhancing spin fluctuations.
基金Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung(03Z1H534, 13N16028)Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft(448663633, 455425131)。
文摘High-performance, large-area optical gratings for applications like chirped pulse amplification, gravitational wave astronomy, and X-ray optics require sub-nanometer line placement control over several cm^(2). Electron beam lithography with a variable shaped beam(VSB) is well suited but limited by tool-dependent address grid discretization. We adapted address grid interpolation to the VSB method, reducing the effective placement grid to 25 pm, as confirmed by stray light measurements.
文摘On the basis of introducing the fundamental theory and the basic analysis steps of the sub model method, the strength of the new engine complex assembly structure was analyzed according to the properties of the engine structures, some of the key parts of the engine were analyzed with refined mesh by sub model method and the error of the FEM solution was estimated by the extrapolation method. The example showed that the sub model can not only analyze the comlex structures without the restriction of the software and hardware of the computers, but get the more precise analysis result also. This method is more suitable for the strength analysis of the complex assembly structure.
