As the ITER （international thermonuclear experiment reactor ） project is being carried out further, original parties （ EU, JA, RF ） of ITER had accomplished their ITER TBM （ test blanket module ） design in 2001....As the ITER （international thermonuclear experiment reactor ） project is being carried out further, original parties （ EU, JA, RF ） of ITER had accomplished their ITER TBM （ test blanket module ） design in 2001. China joined the negotiation of 1TER project and planed to develop own TBM modules in 2003. A preliminary design description document （ DDD ） for the CH HCSB （ chinese helium-cooled solid breeder ） TBM module design had been completed at SWIP in 2004. A modified structure design based on the 2004 version had been carried out subsequently. Main modification of structure design is that the sub-module design is adopted instead of the previous integrative module design. The modified design enforces the reliability and the flexibility of TBM module structure. The integral TBM module consists of 9 sub-modules. The thermo-hydraulic analysis for sub-module is very important, because the sub-module as a relative independent module has the most basic function of the test blanket module, such as depositing heat, producing tritium, etc.展开更多
模块化多电平换流器型高压直流输电以其独特的技术优势,已成为未来电压源换流器型高压直流输电(Voltage Source Converter based HVDC)领域的发展趋势。MMC是未来高压直流输电传输系统的重要组成部分,半桥型子模块、双箝位型子模块和全...模块化多电平换流器型高压直流输电以其独特的技术优势,已成为未来电压源换流器型高压直流输电(Voltage Source Converter based HVDC)领域的发展趋势。MMC是未来高压直流输电传输系统的重要组成部分,半桥型子模块、双箝位型子模块和全桥型子模块是MMC三种主要的可选择的子模块拓扑结构。分析了MMC的通用拓扑结构及三种常见子模块的拓扑结构和工作模式,得出了不同子模块结构的特点,最后通过仿真验证了不同子模块拓扑结构的直流故障穿越能力,并对比分析了采用不同子模块拓扑结构MMC的基本特性。展开更多
The AC/DC hybrid distribution network is one of the trends in distribution network development, which poses great challenges to the traditional distribution transformer. In this paper, a new topology suitable for AC/D...The AC/DC hybrid distribution network is one of the trends in distribution network development, which poses great challenges to the traditional distribution transformer. In this paper, a new topology suitable for AC/DC hybrid distribution network is put forward according to the demands of power grid, with advantages of accepting DG and DC loads, while clearing DC fault by blocking the clamping double sub-module(CDSM) of input stage. Then, this paper shows the typical structure of AC/DC distribution network that is hand in hand. Based on the new topology, this paper designs the control and modulation strategies of each stage, where the outer loop controller of input stage is emphasized for its twocontrol mode. At last, the rationality of new topology and the validity of control strategies are verified by the steady and dynamic state simulation. At the same time, the simulation results highlight the role of PET in energy regulation.展开更多
人们在面对体量庞大的数据信息时,如何从繁冗的数据构成中,快速提取出适合自身实际发展需求的数据信息,成为一项必要技能。虽然已有相当的理论为既有的数据分析理论背书,但仍不乏其局限性。作者在此提出一种新的数据结构模型理论——克...人们在面对体量庞大的数据信息时,如何从繁冗的数据构成中,快速提取出适合自身实际发展需求的数据信息,成为一项必要技能。虽然已有相当的理论为既有的数据分析理论背书,但仍不乏其局限性。作者在此提出一种新的数据结构模型理论——克苏鲁式数据结构模型(Cthulhu Data Structure Model,简称CDSM),为读者说明该数据理论的特征以及在数据传递过程中,该理论对数据选择的影响。展开更多
Due to the advanced features of multidirectional power transfer and fast smoothing of the power fluctuation in renewable energy systems,the multiple-active-bridge based power-electronic-transformer(MAB-PET)with integr...Due to the advanced features of multidirectional power transfer and fast smoothing of the power fluctuation in renewable energy systems,the multiple-active-bridge based power-electronic-transformer(MAB-PET)with integrated energy storage units is becoming popular.However,the accurate electromagnetic transient simulation of the MAB-PETs is extremely time-consuming due to the large number of circuit nodes and small time-step.This paper proposes a simplified EMT modeling approach for the MAB-PETs by employing the generalized state-space averaging method.First,the switching function method and Dommel algorithm are used to build the equivalent model of each power module.Further,the PET equivalent model is presented in a multi-port PM polymerization mode.The system is simplified by applying Fourier Decomposition to its state functions by ignoring high-order harmonics.Finally,a four-port equivalent voltage source circuit is obtained.The proposed simplified equivalent model is compared with the detailed model in PSCAD/EMTDC.Simulation results show the proposed approach has excellent accuracy and is 2–3 orders of magnitude faster than the DM.展开更多
Based on the comparison of existing power flow controllers(PFC)in meshed HVDC grids,the full-bridge modular multilevel converter based PFC(MMPFC)is proposed.At first,the general branch current calculation method of me...Based on the comparison of existing power flow controllers(PFC)in meshed HVDC grids,the full-bridge modular multilevel converter based PFC(MMPFC)is proposed.At first,the general branch current calculation method of meshed HVDC grids with the PFC is presented,and then,the issue of over-voltage on the thyristor based PFC is described and analyzed.Through the analysis of different operating modes of the full-bridge sub-module,the mechanism of over-voltage ride through of the MMPFC is indicated.The control strategy of the MMPFC,which is used to control branch current and keep capacitor voltage balancing,is elaborated.Finally,the performance on current regulation,bidirectional operation and over-voltage ride through is simulated and verified in a built model with PSCAD/EMTDC.展开更多
文摘As the ITER （international thermonuclear experiment reactor ） project is being carried out further, original parties （ EU, JA, RF ） of ITER had accomplished their ITER TBM （ test blanket module ） design in 2001. China joined the negotiation of 1TER project and planed to develop own TBM modules in 2003. A preliminary design description document （ DDD ） for the CH HCSB （ chinese helium-cooled solid breeder ） TBM module design had been completed at SWIP in 2004. A modified structure design based on the 2004 version had been carried out subsequently. Main modification of structure design is that the sub-module design is adopted instead of the previous integrative module design. The modified design enforces the reliability and the flexibility of TBM module structure. The integral TBM module consists of 9 sub-modules. The thermo-hydraulic analysis for sub-module is very important, because the sub-module as a relative independent module has the most basic function of the test blanket module, such as depositing heat, producing tritium, etc.
文摘模块化多电平换流器型高压直流输电以其独特的技术优势,已成为未来电压源换流器型高压直流输电(Voltage Source Converter based HVDC)领域的发展趋势。MMC是未来高压直流输电传输系统的重要组成部分,半桥型子模块、双箝位型子模块和全桥型子模块是MMC三种主要的可选择的子模块拓扑结构。分析了MMC的通用拓扑结构及三种常见子模块的拓扑结构和工作模式,得出了不同子模块结构的特点,最后通过仿真验证了不同子模块拓扑结构的直流故障穿越能力,并对比分析了采用不同子模块拓扑结构MMC的基本特性。
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFB0900500,2017YFB0903100)the State Grid Science and Technology Project (SGRI-DL-F1-51-011)
文摘The AC/DC hybrid distribution network is one of the trends in distribution network development, which poses great challenges to the traditional distribution transformer. In this paper, a new topology suitable for AC/DC hybrid distribution network is put forward according to the demands of power grid, with advantages of accepting DG and DC loads, while clearing DC fault by blocking the clamping double sub-module(CDSM) of input stage. Then, this paper shows the typical structure of AC/DC distribution network that is hand in hand. Based on the new topology, this paper designs the control and modulation strategies of each stage, where the outer loop controller of input stage is emphasized for its twocontrol mode. At last, the rationality of new topology and the validity of control strategies are verified by the steady and dynamic state simulation. At the same time, the simulation results highlight the role of PET in energy regulation.
文摘人们在面对体量庞大的数据信息时,如何从繁冗的数据构成中,快速提取出适合自身实际发展需求的数据信息,成为一项必要技能。虽然已有相当的理论为既有的数据分析理论背书,但仍不乏其局限性。作者在此提出一种新的数据结构模型理论——克苏鲁式数据结构模型(Cthulhu Data Structure Model,简称CDSM),为读者说明该数据理论的特征以及在数据传递过程中,该理论对数据选择的影响。
基金supported by Beijing Natural Science Foundation under grant 3222059.
文摘Due to the advanced features of multidirectional power transfer and fast smoothing of the power fluctuation in renewable energy systems,the multiple-active-bridge based power-electronic-transformer(MAB-PET)with integrated energy storage units is becoming popular.However,the accurate electromagnetic transient simulation of the MAB-PETs is extremely time-consuming due to the large number of circuit nodes and small time-step.This paper proposes a simplified EMT modeling approach for the MAB-PETs by employing the generalized state-space averaging method.First,the switching function method and Dommel algorithm are used to build the equivalent model of each power module.Further,the PET equivalent model is presented in a multi-port PM polymerization mode.The system is simplified by applying Fourier Decomposition to its state functions by ignoring high-order harmonics.Finally,a four-port equivalent voltage source circuit is obtained.The proposed simplified equivalent model is compared with the detailed model in PSCAD/EMTDC.Simulation results show the proposed approach has excellent accuracy and is 2–3 orders of magnitude faster than the DM.
基金supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China("863"Program)(Grant No.2012AA050205)
文摘Based on the comparison of existing power flow controllers(PFC)in meshed HVDC grids,the full-bridge modular multilevel converter based PFC(MMPFC)is proposed.At first,the general branch current calculation method of meshed HVDC grids with the PFC is presented,and then,the issue of over-voltage on the thyristor based PFC is described and analyzed.Through the analysis of different operating modes of the full-bridge sub-module,the mechanism of over-voltage ride through of the MMPFC is indicated.The control strategy of the MMPFC,which is used to control branch current and keep capacitor voltage balancing,is elaborated.Finally,the performance on current regulation,bidirectional operation and over-voltage ride through is simulated and verified in a built model with PSCAD/EMTDC.
