The chemical grafting of thiol terminated poly（sodium styrenesulfonate） （HS-PSSS） chains from sodium nitrate （NaNO3） salt solution to a gold surface was investigated with a quartz crystal microbalance with dissi...The chemical grafting of thiol terminated poly（sodium styrenesulfonate） （HS-PSSS） chains from sodium nitrate （NaNO3） salt solution to a gold surface was investigated with a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring （QCM-D） in different salt concentrations, It was found that at low salt concentration grafting density of HS-PSSS was low and the grafted chains adopted a mushroom conformation. With the increase of salt concentration polyelectrolyte chains underwent a transition toward coiled state due to reduction of electrostatic repulsion and as a result more chains were grafted on the surface, When the grafting density reached a certain limit after which further grafting caused repulsion between already grafted HS-PSSS chains and as a result grafted chains adopted a brush conformation.展开更多
In this work,poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)(PEDOT:PSS)coated silver telluride(PCeAg2Te)nanorods were prepared by a wet-chemical method using the PEDOT:PSS coated tellurium(PCeTe)nanorods as th...In this work,poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)(PEDOT:PSS)coated silver telluride(PCeAg2Te)nanorods were prepared by a wet-chemical method using the PEDOT:PSS coated tellurium(PCeTe)nanorods as the templates.Flexible PCeAg2Te nanocomposite film on polyethersulfone(PES)substrate was prepared through vacuum filtration followed by mechanical pressing process.An optimal PCeAg2Te nanocomposite film showed a maximum power factor of 143.3 mW/mK^(2) at room temperature and 221.7 μW/mK^(2 ) at 373 K.The electrical conductivity of the PCeAg2Te composite film decreased by3.3%after bending for 1000 times around a rod with a radius of 5 mm.An eight-leg thermoelectric generator assembled with the optimal PCeAg2Te nanocomposite film generated a maximum output power and output density of 209.4 nW and 141.5 mW/cm^(2) at a temperature gradient of 30.3 K.This work provides a facile method to prepare thermoelectric materials for flexible thermoelectric generators.展开更多
In today’s era of climate variability,severe electromagnetic pollution,and advanced infrared detection technology,multifunctional fabrics integrating personal thermal management(PTM),infrared stealth,and electromagne...In today’s era of climate variability,severe electromagnetic pollution,and advanced infrared detection technology,multifunctional fabrics integrating personal thermal management(PTM),infrared stealth,and electromagnetic shielding capabilities have become crucial for human health and safety.In this work,we combine the inherently low infrared emissivity of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)(PEDOT:PSS)with the high electrical conductivity and strong solar light absorption properties of carbon nanotubes(CNTs)to achieve a multifunctional wearable fabric.This fabric has a low mid-infrared(MIR)emissivity of 0.33 in the 8-13μm band,thereby demonstrating remarkable infrared stealth properties and a passive radiative heating(PRH)performance of 3.1℃,achieving an ideal covert thermal management effect.Its high electrical conductivity(4204 S·m^(−1))and solar light absorptivity(95.45%)have endowed it with satisfactory photo/electric-heating performance and an electromagnetic interference shielding efficiency(EMI SE)of 55 dB.Furthermore,this fabric also exhibits excellent self-cleaning properties,along with wearable characteristics that ordinary functional fabrics should possess,such as flexibility,washing resistance,and abrasion resistance.This work not only obtains a functional fabric with broad application prospects in various scenarios such as daily life and military steal,but also fully demonstrated that the conductive polymer PEDOT:PSS is expected to become a highly promising functional material in the fields of thermal regulation and camouflage.展开更多
The easy oxidation and surface roughness of Cu nanowire （NW） films are the main bottlenecks for their usage in transparent conductive electrodes （TCEs）. Herein, we have developed a facile and scaled-up solution ro...The easy oxidation and surface roughness of Cu nanowire （NW） films are the main bottlenecks for their usage in transparent conductive electrodes （TCEs）. Herein, we have developed a facile and scaled-up solution route to prepare Cu NW-based TCEs by embedding Cu NWs into pre-coated smooth poly（3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene）：poly（styrenesulfonate） （PEDOT：PSS） films on poly（ethylene terephthalate） （PET） substrates. The so obtained Cu NW- PEDOT：PSS/PET films have low surface roughness （-70 nm in height）, high stability toward oxidation and good flexibility. The optimal TCEs show a typical sheet resistance of 15Ω·sq-1 at high transparency （76% at A = 550 nm） and have been used successfully to make polymer （poly（3-hexylthiophene）：phenyl-C61- butyric acid methyl ester） solar cells, giving an efficiency of 1.4%. The overall properties of Cu NW-PEDOT：PSS/PET films demonstrate their potential application as a replacement for indium tin oxide in flexible solar cells.展开更多
Recently,stretchable and wearable health monitoring equipment has greatly improved human’s daily life,which sets higher demands for portable power source in stretchability,sustainability,and biocompatibility.In this ...Recently,stretchable and wearable health monitoring equipment has greatly improved human’s daily life,which sets higher demands for portable power source in stretchability,sustainability,and biocompatibility.In this work,we proposed a stretchable triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)based on stretchable poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)(PEDOT:PSS)/porous carbon hybrid for oxyhemoglobin saturation(SpO2)monitoring.To combine advantages of carbon material for its high conductivity and organic electrode for its high stretchability,we spin-coated a solution of PEDOT:PSS/porous carbon onto a plasma-treated pre-stretched Ecoflex film to fabricate a stretchable electrode with rough surface.Due to its roughness and high potential difference with the dielectric material,the stretchable-electrode-based TENG exhibited better performance compared to the pristine TENG based on carbon or PEDOT:PSS material.The output voltage and current reached up to 51.5 V and 13.2μA as the carbon concentration increased.More importantly,the performance further increased under large strain(100%)which is suitable for wearable systems.Finally,the device demonstrated its application potential for powering a flexible blood oxygen monitor.This simple and cost-effective method can enhance the stretchability and stability of organic/inorganic electrode-based TENG,which paves the development of high-performance stretchable TENG.展开更多
The issue of sensitivity attenuation in high-pressure region has been a persistent concern for pressure-sensitive electronic skins.In order to tackle such trade-off between sensitivity and linear range,herein,a hybrid...The issue of sensitivity attenuation in high-pressure region has been a persistent concern for pressure-sensitive electronic skins.In order to tackle such trade-off between sensitivity and linear range,herein,a hybrid piezoresistive-supercapacitive(HRSC)strategy is proposed via introducing a piezoresistive porous aerogel layer between the charge collecting electrodes and iontronic films of the pressure sensors.Surprisingly,the HRSC-induced impedance regulation and supercapacitive behavior contribute to significant mitigation in sensitivity attenuation,achieving high sensitivity across wide linear range(44.58 kPa^(−1)from 0 to 3 kPa and 23.6 kPa^(−1)from 3 to 12 kPa).The HRSC pressure sensor exhibits a low detection limit of 1 Pa,fast responsiveness(~130 ms),and excellent cycling stability,allowing to detect tiny pressure of air flow,finger bending,and human respiration.Meanwhile,the HRSC sensor exhibits exceptional perception capabilities for proximity and temperature,broadening its application scenarios in prosthetic perception and electronic skin.The proposed HRSC strategy may boost the ongoing research on structural design of high-performance and multimodal electronic sensors.展开更多
Flexible thermoelectric generators(f-TEGs)are of importance for self-powered,portable,and wearable electronics.The materials’thermoelectric(TE)performance is one of the factors that affect the conversion efficiency o...Flexible thermoelectric generators(f-TEGs)are of importance for self-powered,portable,and wearable electronics.The materials’thermoelectric(TE)performance is one of the factors that affect the conversion efficiency of f-TEGs.Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)(PEDOT:PSS)as a kind of conducting polymers has low thermal conductivity and good processability in solution;however,its TE properties are still much lower than those of the inorganic TE materials,which limits its wide applications in f-TEGs.Two-dimensional(2D)inorganic nanosheets(NSs)exfoliated from their corresponding powders are promising filler materials for enhancing the TE properties of PEDOT:PSS.This paper provides a brief review on the research progress of flexible 2D inorganic NS/PEDOT:PSS composite films fabricated by vacuum filtration,drop casting,and spin coating.The challenges,perspectives,and outlooks of flexible 2D inorganic NS/PEDOT:PSS composite films are further discussed.展开更多
基金financially supported by the Higher Education Commission(HEC) of Pakistan under the indigenous PhD scholarship program
文摘The chemical grafting of thiol terminated poly（sodium styrenesulfonate） （HS-PSSS） chains from sodium nitrate （NaNO3） salt solution to a gold surface was investigated with a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring （QCM-D） in different salt concentrations, It was found that at low salt concentration grafting density of HS-PSSS was low and the grafted chains adopted a mushroom conformation. With the increase of salt concentration polyelectrolyte chains underwent a transition toward coiled state due to reduction of electrostatic repulsion and as a result more chains were grafted on the surface, When the grafting density reached a certain limit after which further grafting caused repulsion between already grafted HS-PSSS chains and as a result grafted chains adopted a brush conformation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51972234,51632010)the National Key Research&Development Project of China(Grant No.2018YFE0111500)。
文摘In this work,poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)(PEDOT:PSS)coated silver telluride(PCeAg2Te)nanorods were prepared by a wet-chemical method using the PEDOT:PSS coated tellurium(PCeTe)nanorods as the templates.Flexible PCeAg2Te nanocomposite film on polyethersulfone(PES)substrate was prepared through vacuum filtration followed by mechanical pressing process.An optimal PCeAg2Te nanocomposite film showed a maximum power factor of 143.3 mW/mK^(2) at room temperature and 221.7 μW/mK^(2 ) at 373 K.The electrical conductivity of the PCeAg2Te composite film decreased by3.3%after bending for 1000 times around a rod with a radius of 5 mm.An eight-leg thermoelectric generator assembled with the optimal PCeAg2Te nanocomposite film generated a maximum output power and output density of 209.4 nW and 141.5 mW/cm^(2) at a temperature gradient of 30.3 K.This work provides a facile method to prepare thermoelectric materials for flexible thermoelectric generators.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61804070)the Science and Technology Department of Gansu Province(No.21JR7RA467)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.lzujbky-2023-14 and lzujbky-2022-it30).
文摘In today’s era of climate variability,severe electromagnetic pollution,and advanced infrared detection technology,multifunctional fabrics integrating personal thermal management(PTM),infrared stealth,and electromagnetic shielding capabilities have become crucial for human health and safety.In this work,we combine the inherently low infrared emissivity of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)(PEDOT:PSS)with the high electrical conductivity and strong solar light absorption properties of carbon nanotubes(CNTs)to achieve a multifunctional wearable fabric.This fabric has a low mid-infrared(MIR)emissivity of 0.33 in the 8-13μm band,thereby demonstrating remarkable infrared stealth properties and a passive radiative heating(PRH)performance of 3.1℃,achieving an ideal covert thermal management effect.Its high electrical conductivity(4204 S·m^(−1))and solar light absorptivity(95.45%)have endowed it with satisfactory photo/electric-heating performance and an electromagnetic interference shielding efficiency(EMI SE)of 55 dB.Furthermore,this fabric also exhibits excellent self-cleaning properties,along with wearable characteristics that ordinary functional fabrics should possess,such as flexibility,washing resistance,and abrasion resistance.This work not only obtains a functional fabric with broad application prospects in various scenarios such as daily life and military steal,but also fully demonstrated that the conductive polymer PEDOT:PSS is expected to become a highly promising functional material in the fields of thermal regulation and camouflage.
文摘The easy oxidation and surface roughness of Cu nanowire （NW） films are the main bottlenecks for their usage in transparent conductive electrodes （TCEs）. Herein, we have developed a facile and scaled-up solution route to prepare Cu NW-based TCEs by embedding Cu NWs into pre-coated smooth poly（3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene）：poly（styrenesulfonate） （PEDOT：PSS） films on poly（ethylene terephthalate） （PET） substrates. The so obtained Cu NW- PEDOT：PSS/PET films have low surface roughness （-70 nm in height）, high stability toward oxidation and good flexibility. The optimal TCEs show a typical sheet resistance of 15Ω·sq-1 at high transparency （76% at A = 550 nm） and have been used successfully to make polymer （poly（3-hexylthiophene）：phenyl-C61- butyric acid methyl ester） solar cells, giving an efficiency of 1.4%. The overall properties of Cu NW-PEDOT：PSS/PET films demonstrate their potential application as a replacement for indium tin oxide in flexible solar cells.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11674185,61875015,and 61971049)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian(Nos.2020J01857 and 2019J01764)+4 种基金the Fuzhou City Science and Technology Cooperation Project(Nos.2020-GX-5 and 2020-S-29)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.JQ20038)the Key Scientific Research Project of Beijing Municipal Commission of Education(No.KZ202010015024)the Research and Development Program of Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication(No.Ec202006)the Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission(No.Z181100004418004).
文摘Recently,stretchable and wearable health monitoring equipment has greatly improved human’s daily life,which sets higher demands for portable power source in stretchability,sustainability,and biocompatibility.In this work,we proposed a stretchable triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)based on stretchable poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)(PEDOT:PSS)/porous carbon hybrid for oxyhemoglobin saturation(SpO2)monitoring.To combine advantages of carbon material for its high conductivity and organic electrode for its high stretchability,we spin-coated a solution of PEDOT:PSS/porous carbon onto a plasma-treated pre-stretched Ecoflex film to fabricate a stretchable electrode with rough surface.Due to its roughness and high potential difference with the dielectric material,the stretchable-electrode-based TENG exhibited better performance compared to the pristine TENG based on carbon or PEDOT:PSS material.The output voltage and current reached up to 51.5 V and 13.2μA as the carbon concentration increased.More importantly,the performance further increased under large strain(100%)which is suitable for wearable systems.Finally,the device demonstrated its application potential for powering a flexible blood oxygen monitor.This simple and cost-effective method can enhance the stretchability and stability of organic/inorganic electrode-based TENG,which paves the development of high-performance stretchable TENG.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22104021,52303075,and 22309105)Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2023QB227)+1 种基金Department of Science and Technology of Guangdong Province(No.2022A1515110014)Taishan Young Scholar Program(Nos.tsqn202306267 and tsqnz20231235).
文摘The issue of sensitivity attenuation in high-pressure region has been a persistent concern for pressure-sensitive electronic skins.In order to tackle such trade-off between sensitivity and linear range,herein,a hybrid piezoresistive-supercapacitive(HRSC)strategy is proposed via introducing a piezoresistive porous aerogel layer between the charge collecting electrodes and iontronic films of the pressure sensors.Surprisingly,the HRSC-induced impedance regulation and supercapacitive behavior contribute to significant mitigation in sensitivity attenuation,achieving high sensitivity across wide linear range(44.58 kPa^(−1)from 0 to 3 kPa and 23.6 kPa^(−1)from 3 to 12 kPa).The HRSC pressure sensor exhibits a low detection limit of 1 Pa,fast responsiveness(~130 ms),and excellent cycling stability,allowing to detect tiny pressure of air flow,finger bending,and human respiration.Meanwhile,the HRSC sensor exhibits exceptional perception capabilities for proximity and temperature,broadening its application scenarios in prosthetic perception and electronic skin.The proposed HRSC strategy may boost the ongoing research on structural design of high-performance and multimodal electronic sensors.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(23ZR1481100)Shuguang Program of Shanghai Education Development Foundation,and Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(22SG54)+2 种基金support from the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation through the Wallenberg Academy Fellows program(grant no.KAW 2020.0196)the Swedish Research Council under project grant no 2021-03826the Swedish Energy Agency under project 46519-1.
文摘Flexible thermoelectric generators(f-TEGs)are of importance for self-powered,portable,and wearable electronics.The materials’thermoelectric(TE)performance is one of the factors that affect the conversion efficiency of f-TEGs.Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)(PEDOT:PSS)as a kind of conducting polymers has low thermal conductivity and good processability in solution;however,its TE properties are still much lower than those of the inorganic TE materials,which limits its wide applications in f-TEGs.Two-dimensional(2D)inorganic nanosheets(NSs)exfoliated from their corresponding powders are promising filler materials for enhancing the TE properties of PEDOT:PSS.This paper provides a brief review on the research progress of flexible 2D inorganic NS/PEDOT:PSS composite films fabricated by vacuum filtration,drop casting,and spin coating.The challenges,perspectives,and outlooks of flexible 2D inorganic NS/PEDOT:PSS composite films are further discussed.
