A Novel Dosimetry Method for Small Animal Irradiators Using 3D-printed Mouse Phantoms and Alanine Dosimeters.Christopher Duncan1,Chad Gunther1(1.C&C Irradiator Service,LLC,Washington,DC,20006.)Abstract:Accurate do...A Novel Dosimetry Method for Small Animal Irradiators Using 3D-printed Mouse Phantoms and Alanine Dosimeters.Christopher Duncan1,Chad Gunther1(1.C&C Irradiator Service,LLC,Washington,DC,20006.)Abstract:Accurate dosimetry is a crucial component of small animal and preclinical irradiation studies.展开更多
Objective:To identify the root causes of typical adverse drug events through the lens of patient experiences proposing novel strategies to mitigate preventable harm.Methods:A qualitative case study leveraging in-depth...Objective:To identify the root causes of typical adverse drug events through the lens of patient experiences proposing novel strategies to mitigate preventable harm.Methods:A qualitative case study leveraging in-depth interviews with patients and families,anchored by Interactive Patient Par ticipation Theory,to analyze 4 high-severity adverse drug events(ADE)cases.Cases were purposively sampled from 8 communities in China's National Adverse Event Monitor Center(2018-2023).Semi-structured interviews explored patient perspectives,with data analyzed via thematic coding and triangulation against clinical records.Results:Five interconnected themes emerged:(1)erosion of trust,(2)communication breakdowns,(3)information asymmetry,(4)environmental inadequacies,and(5)technological alienation.Notably,75% of participants had≤high school education,and 50% used≥7 medications daily,compounding ADE risks.Conclusions:We considered elements mentioned by theory,exploring trust,communication,information,and suppor t as the root causes.In addition,we added“adaptability to new technology”as an impor tant and necessary component.It is impor tant and necessary to analyze typical adverse drug events from the perspectives of patients.展开更多
Your comments are welcome!Please feel free to contact us with your personal stories or vivid pictures!Address:24 Baiwanzhuang St.,Xicheng Dist.,Beijing,100037 E-mail:chinatodaynews@aliyun.com As head of the Department...Your comments are welcome!Please feel free to contact us with your personal stories or vivid pictures!Address:24 Baiwanzhuang St.,Xicheng Dist.,Beijing,100037 E-mail:chinatodaynews@aliyun.com As head of the Department of Chinese Studies at the Universiti Malaya’s Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences,I lead the oldest Chinese Studies department in Malaysia.展开更多
AIM:To determine the prevalence of tropia,phoria,and abnormality of near point of convergence(NPC),along with associated ocular symptoms,in high school students.METHODS:This cross-sectional study was conducted in Erbi...AIM:To determine the prevalence of tropia,phoria,and abnormality of near point of convergence(NPC),along with associated ocular symptoms,in high school students.METHODS:This cross-sectional study was conducted in Erbil,Iraq.The target population consisted of high school students selected through a multi-stage cluster sampling method.Comprehensive visual examinations were performed for all students,including measurement of uncorrected and corrected visual acuity,objective and subjective refraction,and distance and near cover tests.NPC was evaluated using a single 6/12 visual target mounted on a centrally positioned Gulden fixation stick.Ocular symptoms were investigated through interviews.RESULTS:Of the 996 selected students,921 participated in the study.Of them,543(58.96%)were female,and their ages ranged from 13 to 22y.The prevalence of tropia was 3.58%[95%confidence interval(CI):2.38%-4.78%],observed in 3.44%of males and 3.68%of females.Exotropia(1.95%,95%CI:1.06%-2.85%)was more common than esotropia(1.52%,95%CI:0.73%-2.31%).The 15.42%(95%CI:13.09%-17.75%)of students had phoria.Exophoria(13.79%,95%CI:11.56%-16.02%)was significantly more prevalent than esophoria(1.63%,95%CI:0.81%-2.45%).The prevalence of NPC abnormality in the total study population was 24.97%(95%CI:22.18%-27.77%).It was 26.72%(95%CI:22.26%-31.18%)in males and 23.76%(95%CI:20.18%-27.34%)in females(P=0.307).The most common symptom in phoria was headache(86.62%,95%CI:81.02%-92.22%),followed by tired or sore eyes(61.97%,95%CI:53.99%-69.96%).The most common symptoms in tropia were blurry vision(93.94%,95%CI:79.77%-99.26%)and difficulty concentrating(87.88%,95%CI:76.74%-99.01%).CONCLUSION:Among Erbil’s high school students,the prevalence of strabismus,particularly the exodeviation type,is relatively high,and a significant percentage of students have NPC abnormalities.Addressing and correcting these binocular vision problems,due to their associated visual symptoms,can lead to an improvement in students’quality of life and academic performance.展开更多
Objective:To assess prenatal Bisphenol A(BPA)exposure levels and explore their preliminary associations with maternal and fetal characteristics in a population from Northeastern Yunnan.Methods:A cross-sectional analys...Objective:To assess prenatal Bisphenol A(BPA)exposure levels and explore their preliminary associations with maternal and fetal characteristics in a population from Northeastern Yunnan.Methods:A cross-sectional analysis was performed using data and urine samples from 70 pregnant women in their third trimester recruited at Qujing Central Hospital.Urinary BPA was measured by HPLC-MS/MS.Participants were stratified into high and low BPA exposure groups based on the median concentration.Results:BPA was detected in all samples(100%)with a median concentration of 2.41μg/L(IQR:0.68-4.96).The high BPA exposure group(≥2.41μg/L)had a significantly higher proportion of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)(42.9%vs.17.1%,p=0.021)and a lower median fetal birth weight(3250 g vs.3450 g,p=0.048)compared to the low exposure group.Conclusion:This pilot study reveals ubiquitous BPA exposure in pregnant women from Northeastern Yunnan.The observed preliminary associations with GDM and reduced fetal birth weight warrant further investigation in larger,longitudinal studies.展开更多
Background: The human gut microbiome is an important target for disease treatment and prevention. Various microbial species within the complex ecosystem of the microbiome have been shown to play important roles in dis...Background: The human gut microbiome is an important target for disease treatment and prevention. Various microbial species within the complex ecosystem of the microbiome have been shown to play important roles in disease. Identification of bioactive materials capable of altering the abundances of these species both safely and effectively is a major goal in microbiome research. Many traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) have been reported to affect the composition of the gut microbiome. Here, we summarize studies that have used TCMs to alter the gut microbiome and discuss the response relationship between TCMs and gut microbial species. Methods: We searched the PubMed, Web of Science, and Knowledge Network databases using the terms “traditional Chinese medicine,” “gut microbiome,” and specific system disease names (endocrine, immune, nervous, cardiovascular, and digestive). Studies were excluded if irrelevant or if the experimental procedures were unclear. Results: TCMs have been reported to affect a wide range of gut microbial taxa spanning major phyla, including Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Verrucomicrobiota, Actinobacteria, and Fusobacteria. In all, 54 TCMs including compounds and extracts have been tested in rodents and 30 have been examined in human trials. Almost all studies have reported positive results in regulating the gut microbiome as well as modulating corresponding phenotypes, spanning diseases of the endocrine, immune, nervous, cardiovascular, and digestive systems. Gut species, including Akkermansia, Bacteroides, Fusobacterium, Faecalibacterium, and E. coli, were found to be regulated by 19 TCMs. A network was constructed to visualize the interactions between TCMs and these taxa. Conclusion: There exists a complex and close relationship between intestinal microflora and diseases. Sufficient experimental data and studies have proved that the imbalance of intestinal microflora affects health by mediating metabolism, immune regulation, inflammation and signal transduction. Many characteristic alterations of intestinal microflora are positively correlated with diseases, so intestinal microflora has become a potential risk index and treatment target for many diseases. Many TCMs affect the relative abundances of microbial species in the gut, and therefore may be useful for modulating the gut microbiome. This review provides a reference for prioritizing candidate TCMs from the enormous repertoire of such medicines to test which specific gut microbes are targeted.展开更多
Mindfulness would enhance university students’emotional well-being and study engagement.However,the role of affect(positive and negative emotions)and psychological resources(psychological capital)linking mindfulness ...Mindfulness would enhance university students’emotional well-being and study engagement.However,the role of affect(positive and negative emotions)and psychological resources(psychological capital)linking mindfulness to study engagement remain underexplored.This cross-sectional study surveyed 688 Chinese university students(females=413,mean age=20.3,SD=0.83),using validated self-report measures of mindfulness,positive and negative emotions,psychological capital,and study engagement.Structural equation modeling and bias-corrected bootstrap analyses(5000 resamples)revealed that mindfulness directly enhanced positive emotions,psychological capital,and study engagement,while reducing negative emotions.Positive emotions partially mediated the positive effect of mindfulness on psychological capital and study engagement.Negative emotions partially and negatively mediated only the mindfulness-psychological capital link.Psychological capital independently mediated the mindfulness-engagement relationship,and two sequential mediation pathways emerged:(a)mindfulness→positive emotions→psychological capital→higher study engagement and(b)mindfulness→reduced negative emotions→psychological capital→higher study engagement.Consistent with broaden-and-build(B&B)theory and Conservation of Resources(COR)theory,these findings suggest that mindfulness fosters study engagement primarily by promoting positive emotional experiences and strengthening psychological capital.By implication,university student support programs should employ mindfulness-based interventions to cultivate emotional and psychological resources for higher students’engagement and overall well-being.展开更多
BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal endoscopy technology has significantly improved the diagnostic accuracy and the successful treatment of gastrointestinal diseases.However,a series of ethical issues have emerged,such as exp...BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal endoscopy technology has significantly improved the diagnostic accuracy and the successful treatment of gastrointestinal diseases.However,a series of ethical issues have emerged,such as expanding treatment indications,which affect the fair distribution of medical resources.There is limited research on ethical issues in the field of digestive endoscopy.AIM To investigate the level of ethical awareness among gastrointestinal endoscopy practitioners and analyze the ethical issues involved in gastrointestinal endoscopy technology.METHODS A questionnaire survey was performed to collect relevant data(gender,age,degree of education,professional title,personnel category,the level of understanding medical ethical principles,ethics training and its learning pathways)from gastrointestinal endoscopy practitioners at the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University and Dalian Friendship Hospital,including licensed physicians and nurses(including trainees and graduate students).RESULTS The majority of gastrointestinal endoscopy practitioners have received training on ethics,but there is still considerable room for improvement in their ethical awareness.Different learning pathways may affect the mastery of ethical principles, and understanding of ethical principles is more easily achieved through hospital ethics institutions.CONCLUSIONTo address the ethical issues in gastrointestinal endoscopy technology, it is necessary to enhance the humanisticeducation of gastrointestinal endoscopy practitioners, incorporate ethical standards into the technology assessmentprocess, and establish a patient-centered diagnostic and treatment model to improve the ethical awareness of practitionersand achieve a balance between technology and ethics.展开更多
Alzheimer's disease(AD)is a common neurodegenerative disorder among the elderly population.There are currently no effective therapeutic drugs available,the multi-target-directed ligands(MTDLs)strategy has been con...Alzheimer's disease(AD)is a common neurodegenerative disorder among the elderly population.There are currently no effective therapeutic drugs available,the multi-target-directed ligands(MTDLs)strategy has been considered as the promising approach.Given the structural diversity of natural products,Rivastigmine's pharmacophore was integrated with diverse natural product scaffolds to construct a combinatorial compound library.This library was subsequently screened and optimized to identify a novel butyrylcholinesterase(Bu Ch E)inhibitor,compound 3c.The results showed that compound 3c exhibited favorable Bu Ch E inhibitory activity(half-maximal inhibitory concentration(IC_(50))=0.43μmol/L),potential anti-inflammatory potency,good Aβ_(1-42) aggregation inhibitory capacity and remarkable neuroprotective effects.The in vivo study exhibited that 3c significantly ameliorated AlCl_(3)-induced zebrafish AD model and scopolamine-induced memory impairment.Collectively,compound 3c was the artificial intelligence(AI)-driven promising multifunctional agent with Bu Ch E inhibition for the treatment of AD.展开更多
Escalating global energy demands and climate urgency necessitate advanced electrochemical energy conversion and storage technologies(EECSTs)like electrocatalysis and rechargeable batteries.Improving their performance ...Escalating global energy demands and climate urgency necessitate advanced electrochemical energy conversion and storage technologies(EECSTs)like electrocatalysis and rechargeable batteries.Improving their performance relies on elucidating reaction mechanisms and structure-performance relationships via in situ studies.This review summarizes recent in situ studies of EECSTs through a variety of advanced characterization techniques aiming at mapping reaction pathways for the rational design of overall high-performance reaction systems.We outline the principles,capabilities,advantages,and limitations of various in situ techniques.Their applications in in situ studies of fuel cells,water/CO_(2)electrolysis,and lithium batteries are highlighted with representative examples.These studies enable dynamic tracking of chemical and structural evolution of overall reaction systems,including materials,intermediates,products,and surroundings during operation,providing insights critical to rational system design.Future advancements will involve integrating multimodal in situ/operando approaches with artificial intelligence to enable real-time monitoring at practical scales.Such integration promises precise mechanistic insights and robust structure-performance correlations,ultimately accelerating the development of high-performance EECSTs aligned with sustainability and market requirements.展开更多
Prenatal maternal psychological distress,particularly depression,has been increasingly recognized as a factor that influences fetal growth;however,its impact on early childhood development remains less well understood...Prenatal maternal psychological distress,particularly depression,has been increasingly recognized as a factor that influences fetal growth;however,its impact on early childhood development remains less well understood.The present study investigated the association between prenatal depression and children's growth trajectories,as well as the odds of overweight and obesity from 1 to 36 months,while also accounting for maternal anxiety and stress.We analyzed data from 4710 mother-child dyads in the Jiangsu Birth Cohort,assessing maternal psychological distress across trimesters and categorizing participants into groups with mild,moderate,and severe depressive symptomatology.Children's weight-for-length z-scores(WLZ)were used to assess overweight/obesity prevalence,and growth patterns were identified through trajectory models.The results from the generalized estimating equations analysis showed that greater depressive symptomatology during pregnancy was associated with a 28%to 41%increase in the odds of childhood overweight/obesity across all three trimesters,compared with mild depressive symptomatology.We identified five distinct WLZ growth trajectory patterns,and found that mothers with greater depressive symptomatology were 39%–47%more likely to have children who followed a very-high-stable growth trajectory,compared with mothers with mild depressive symptomatology.These findings highlight the significant impact of prenatal depression on adverse growth patterns and childhood overweight/obesity,underscoring the need for early intervention.展开更多
Objectives:In recent years,mental health has emerged as a pressing public health concern in China,driven by mounting societal pressures and fast-paced urban lifestyles.Physical activity,a well-established means of enh...Objectives:In recent years,mental health has emerged as a pressing public health concern in China,driven by mounting societal pressures and fast-paced urban lifestyles.Physical activity,a well-established means of enhancing psychological well-being,has received growing scholarly and policy attention.This study uses panel data from the 2020 and 2022 waves of the China Family Panel Studies(CFPS)to examine the impact of exercise frequency on mental health(with indicators such as CESD-8 depression scores)among college students and young employees,thereby providing empirical support for targeted mental health interventions.Methods:This study examines the relationship between individual exercise frequency and mental health among college students and young employees,using panel data from the 2020 and 2022 waves of the China Family Panel Studies(CFPS),with the Chinese version of the 8-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CESD-8)depression scores,self-rated health,and life satisfaction as outcome variables.Specifically,this study tests three hypotheses:(H1)increased exercise frequency significantly reduces depression symptoms and enhances well-being;(H2)the effects of exercise vary by social roles,with stronger mental health benefits among employed individuals and those with lower education;and(H3)lifestyle factors such as smoking amount,sleep duration,and Body Mass Index(BMI)partially mediate the relationship between exercise and mental health.Employing a two-way fixed effects model,baseline results indicate that a one-unit increase in exercise frequency significantly reduces the CESD-8 score by 0.183 points.To address potential endogeneity and spurious regression concerns,an instrumental variable(IV)approach is further applied.The heterogeneity analysis differentiates between students and employed individuals.Results:Among students,the effects of exercise on mental health are not statistically significant,regardless of education level.In contrast,for the employed,exercise demonstrates a significant positive impact on mental health,with particularly pronounced effects among those with lower educational attainment.These findings underscore the importance of promoting exercise as part of comprehensive mental health strategies.Mediation analysis indicates that the beneficial effect of exercise on mental health is partially transmitted through reductions in adverse health behaviors,especially smoking.Conclusions:Policymakers should integrate physical activity promotion into health interventions,prioritizing vulnerable groups to enhance psychological resilience and foster inclusive,health-oriented development.展开更多
Objective This study aimed to determine the temporal trends in sleep duration among Chinese adults.Methods In this series of repeated nationally representative cross-sectional surveys(China Chronic Disease and Risk Fa...Objective This study aimed to determine the temporal trends in sleep duration among Chinese adults.Methods In this series of repeated nationally representative cross-sectional surveys(China Chronic Disease and Risk Factors Surveillance)conducted between 2010 and 2018,a total of 645,420 adult participants(97,741 in 2010;175,749 in 2013;187,777 in 2015;and 184,153 in 2018)were included in the trend analysis.Linear and logistic regression models were utilized to assess trends in sleep duration.Results In 2018,the estimated overall mean sleep duration among the Chinese adult population was7.58(SD,1.45)hours per day,with no significant trend from 2010.A significant increase in short sleep duration(≤6 hours)was observed in the total population,from 15.3%(95%CI:14.1%–16.5%)in 2010 to18.5%(95%CI:17.7%–19.3%)in 2018(P<0.001).Similarly,the trend in long sleep duration(>9 hours)was also significant,increasing in weighted prevalence from 7.2%(95%CI:6.3%–8.1%)in 2010 to 9.0%(95%CI:8.2%–9.9%)in 2018(P<0.001).Conclusion The prevalence of both short and long sleep durations significantly increased among Chinese adults from 2010 to 2018,highlighting the urgency of health initiatives to promote optimal sleep duration in China.展开更多
The Leafminers,representing a diverse group of insects from various genera within the Agromyzidae family,pose a significant threat to spinach(Spinacia oleracea L.)production.This study aimed to identify single nucleot...The Leafminers,representing a diverse group of insects from various genera within the Agromyzidae family,pose a significant threat to spinach(Spinacia oleracea L.)production.This study aimed to identify single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)markers associated with leafminer resistance through a genome-wide association study(GWAS)and to evaluate the prediction accuracy(PA)for selecting resistant spinach using genomic prediction(GP).Using a dataset of 84301 SNPs obtained from whole-genome resequencing,seven GWAS models,including BLINK,FarmCPU,MLM,and MLMM in GAPIT 3,as well as MLM,GLM,and SMR in TASSEL 5,were employed to perform GWAS on a panel of 286 USDA spinach germplasm accessions.Three SNP markers,namely 1_115279256_C_T,3_157082529_C_T,and 4_168510908_T_G on chromosomes 1,3,and 4,respectively,were identified as associated with leafminer resistance.In the 30 kb flanking regions of these markers,four candidate genes(SOV1g031330,SOV1g031340,SOV4g047270,and SOV4g047280),encoding LOB domain-containing protein,KH domain-containing protein,were discovered.Nodulin-like domain-containing protein,and SAM domain-containing protein,were discovered.The PA for leafminer resistance selection was estimated using ten different SNP sets,including two GWAS-derived marker sets(three and 51 SNPs)and eight random marker sets(ranging from 51 to 10 K SNPs)analyzed by seven GP models.The findings emphasized the superior performance of GWAS-derived SNP sets,reaching a PA of up to 0.79 using the cBLUP model.Notably,this research marks the pioneering application of GP in the context of insect resistance,providing a significant advancement in the understanding and management of leafminer resistance in spinach cultivation.展开更多
Organic pollutants,a pivotal factor in water pollution,have persistently menaced the aquatic ecosystem,as well as the sustainable development of human health,economy,and society.Consequently,there is an urgent need fo...Organic pollutants,a pivotal factor in water pollution,have persistently menaced the aquatic ecosystem,as well as the sustainable development of human health,economy,and society.Consequently,there is an urgent need for advanced techniques to efficiently eliminate organic micropollutants from water.Here,we present the synthesis of three nonporous cavitand-crosslinked polymers capable of adsorbing diverse organic pollutants from aqueous solutions.These polymeric adsorbents exhibit outstanding adsorptive performance towards the tested micropollutants,characterized by high apparent adsorption rate constants(kobs)and maximum adsorption capacities(qmax,e).Notably,Compound NCCP-1 demonstrated a remarkable qmax,e of 459 mg/g for bisphenol A(BPA),ranking among the highest values reported for organic polymer adsorbents.In-depth investigation of the adsorption mechanism of the nonporous polymer revealed that it involves the recognition of pollutants by the deep cavities of the cavitand moieties and the interstitial spaces between them,primarily mediated by the hydrophobic effect.Furthermore,NCCP-1 was applied in situ water purification simulations and was proven to maintain its removal efficiency over more than four cycles,highlighting its potential for practical applications in water treatment.展开更多
AIM:To investigate the potential causal associations between 41 inflammatory cytokines and myopia using a two-sample Mendelian randomization(MR)approach.METHODS:Publicly available genome-wide association study(GWAS)da...AIM:To investigate the potential causal associations between 41 inflammatory cytokines and myopia using a two-sample Mendelian randomization(MR)approach.METHODS:Publicly available genome-wide association study(GWAS)datasets were utilized for this two-sample MR analysis.Inflammatory cytokine-related GWAS data were extracted from The University of Bristol’s Research Data Repository,and myopia-related GWAS data were obtained from the FinnGen project.Single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)associated with inflammatory cytokines were systematically selected as instrumental variables(IVs)based on three rigorous criteria:relevance,independence,and exclusion of pleiotropy.Five MR methods were employed for causal inference:the inverse-variance weighted(IVW)method as the primary analysis,supplemented by MREgger regression,weighted median estimator,simple mode,and weighted mode approaches.Sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate the robustness of the causal estimates.RESULTS:A total of 773 myopia-associated SNPs were identified.MR analysis revealed that higher levels of macrophage inflammatory protein 1-α(MIP-1α)were associated with a 17%reduced risk of myopia[odds ratio(OR)=0.83;95%confidence interval(CI):0.69-0.99;P<0.05].In contrast,elevated levels of eotaxin(OR=1.26;95%CI:1.07-1.47;P<0.01),stromal cell-derived factor-1α(SDF-1α;OR=1.68;95%CI:1.08-2.62;P<0.05),and interleukin-2 receptor subunit alpha(IL-2Rα;OR=1.25;95%CI:1.01-1.53;P<0.05)were significantly associated with an increased risk of myopia.Sensitivity analyses confirmed the reliability of these results.CONCLUSION:This study provides evidence supporting a causal relationship between specific inflammatory cytokines and myopia.MIP-1αmay act as a protective factor against myopia,while eotaxin,SDF-1α,and IL-2Rαare potential risk factors for myopia.These findings emphasize the critical role of inflammatory pathways in the pathogenesis of myopia,offering novel insights for the development of preventive and therapeutic strategies for myopia.展开更多
Objectives This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of the semi-virtual simulation and traditional simulation teaching models based on the Standards of Best Practice(SOBP)according to the International Nursing As...Objectives This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of the semi-virtual simulation and traditional simulation teaching models based on the Standards of Best Practice(SOBP)according to the International Nursing Association for Clinical Simulation and Learning(INACSL)in the Adult Nursing course.Methods This study used a quasi-experimental design.A total of 94 third-year nursing students from a university in Beijing between November and December 2022 were recruited as participants.An innovative semi-virtual simulation teaching model was designed based on the SOBP established by the INACSL.In the Adult Nursing course,both the semi-virtual and traditional simulation teaching models were implemented.At the end of the simulation sessions,participants completed the Chinese version of the Simulation Effectiveness Tool-Modified(SET-M)to assess the effectiveness of the two teaching models.Results All nursing students completed the simulation sessions.There was no difference(t=−0.93,P=0.353)in the total scores between the semi-virtual simulation teaching model(50.87±5.30)and the traditional simulation teaching model(50.37±5.16).However,there was a statistically significant difference(t=−2.65,P=0.010)in the prebriefing section(semi-virtual simulation:5.60±0.71;traditional simulation:5.33±0.78).In contrast,no statistically significant differences were found for the scenario and debriefing sections(P>0.05).At the individual item level,statistical differences(P<0.05)between the two models were identified for items 1 and 9,but not for the remaining items(P>0.05).By analyzing the open-ended question,it was found that both simulation models were effective,and students’comments were similar.Conclusions The study demonstrated equivalent effectiveness between the semi-virtual and traditional simulation teaching models.Semi-virtual simulation teaching model could offer a more flexible and feasible approach to simulation teaching.展开更多
Objective To determine whether frailty is a risk factor for hospitalization and mortality in older adults enrolled in the "Chronic Heart Failure Program" at a hospital in Lima, Peru, between 2018–2021.Metho...Objective To determine whether frailty is a risk factor for hospitalization and mortality in older adults enrolled in the "Chronic Heart Failure Program" at a hospital in Lima, Peru, between 2018–2021.Methods This was an ambispective cohort study. A total of 85 older adults participating in the Chronic Heart Failure Program at Guillermo Almenara National Hospital were included. Each had an initial frailty assessment, forming two cohorts: frail and non-frail older adults. Medical records were reviewed, and patients were followed for one year to track events of interest(hospitalization and mortality). Overall survival and risk factors for hospitalization and death were determined.Results During follow-up, 15.3% of the older adults died, and frailty was identified in 58.8% of the patients. Overall survival using the Kaplan-Meier method was 96.5% at 3 months after entering the Chronic Heart Failure Program;92.9% at 6 months;and85.9% at one year. Multivariate analysis using Poisson regression found that frailty was not a risk factor for hospitalization(a RR =0.92;95% CI: 0.42–2.03). Survival analysis using the Cox proportional hazards model showed that frailty was also not a risk factor for mortality after one year of follow-up(a HR = 1.32;95% CI: 0.27–6.53).Conclusions Our research does not confirm frailty as a risk factor for hospitalization or mortality in older adults enrolled in the“Chronic Heart Failure Program” after one year of follow-up.展开更多
Signaling peptides are known for their prominent roles in plant growth, development, and environmental adaptation(Zhang et al., 2025). However, their extremely low natural abundance and highly dynamic expression patte...Signaling peptides are known for their prominent roles in plant growth, development, and environmental adaptation(Zhang et al., 2025). However, their extremely low natural abundance and highly dynamic expression patterns pose significant technical challenges to extract sufficient amounts with good purity for biological studies and practical applications.Consequently, chemical synthesis and microbial systems offer attractive alternatives to obtain potent peptides at higher quantities and purity. Incorporating modifications or substitutions, chemically synthetic approaches enable the creation of more effective engineered peptides such as agonists,antagonists, chemically modified peptides, or peptide-like molecules with novel functions compared to native peptides.展开更多
Large-scale proteomics studies can refine our understanding of health and disease and enable precision medicine.Here,we provide a detailed atlas of 2,920 plasma proteins linking to diseases(406 prevalent and 660 incid...Large-scale proteomics studies can refine our understanding of health and disease and enable precision medicine.Here,we provide a detailed atlas of 2,920 plasma proteins linking to diseases(406 prevalent and 660 incident)and 986 health-related traits in 53,026 individuals(median follow-up:14.8 years)from the UK Biobank,representing the most comprehensive proteome profiles to date.This atlas revealed 168,100 protein-disease associations and 554,488 protein-trait associations.展开更多
文摘A Novel Dosimetry Method for Small Animal Irradiators Using 3D-printed Mouse Phantoms and Alanine Dosimeters.Christopher Duncan1,Chad Gunther1(1.C&C Irradiator Service,LLC,Washington,DC,20006.)Abstract:Accurate dosimetry is a crucial component of small animal and preclinical irradiation studies.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Fund Project of Guizhou Health Commission(gzwkj2025-163)。
文摘Objective:To identify the root causes of typical adverse drug events through the lens of patient experiences proposing novel strategies to mitigate preventable harm.Methods:A qualitative case study leveraging in-depth interviews with patients and families,anchored by Interactive Patient Par ticipation Theory,to analyze 4 high-severity adverse drug events(ADE)cases.Cases were purposively sampled from 8 communities in China's National Adverse Event Monitor Center(2018-2023).Semi-structured interviews explored patient perspectives,with data analyzed via thematic coding and triangulation against clinical records.Results:Five interconnected themes emerged:(1)erosion of trust,(2)communication breakdowns,(3)information asymmetry,(4)environmental inadequacies,and(5)technological alienation.Notably,75% of participants had≤high school education,and 50% used≥7 medications daily,compounding ADE risks.Conclusions:We considered elements mentioned by theory,exploring trust,communication,information,and suppor t as the root causes.In addition,we added“adaptability to new technology”as an impor tant and necessary component.It is impor tant and necessary to analyze typical adverse drug events from the perspectives of patients.
文摘Your comments are welcome!Please feel free to contact us with your personal stories or vivid pictures!Address:24 Baiwanzhuang St.,Xicheng Dist.,Beijing,100037 E-mail:chinatodaynews@aliyun.com As head of the Department of Chinese Studies at the Universiti Malaya’s Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences,I lead the oldest Chinese Studies department in Malaysia.
文摘AIM:To determine the prevalence of tropia,phoria,and abnormality of near point of convergence(NPC),along with associated ocular symptoms,in high school students.METHODS:This cross-sectional study was conducted in Erbil,Iraq.The target population consisted of high school students selected through a multi-stage cluster sampling method.Comprehensive visual examinations were performed for all students,including measurement of uncorrected and corrected visual acuity,objective and subjective refraction,and distance and near cover tests.NPC was evaluated using a single 6/12 visual target mounted on a centrally positioned Gulden fixation stick.Ocular symptoms were investigated through interviews.RESULTS:Of the 996 selected students,921 participated in the study.Of them,543(58.96%)were female,and their ages ranged from 13 to 22y.The prevalence of tropia was 3.58%[95%confidence interval(CI):2.38%-4.78%],observed in 3.44%of males and 3.68%of females.Exotropia(1.95%,95%CI:1.06%-2.85%)was more common than esotropia(1.52%,95%CI:0.73%-2.31%).The 15.42%(95%CI:13.09%-17.75%)of students had phoria.Exophoria(13.79%,95%CI:11.56%-16.02%)was significantly more prevalent than esophoria(1.63%,95%CI:0.81%-2.45%).The prevalence of NPC abnormality in the total study population was 24.97%(95%CI:22.18%-27.77%).It was 26.72%(95%CI:22.26%-31.18%)in males and 23.76%(95%CI:20.18%-27.34%)in females(P=0.307).The most common symptom in phoria was headache(86.62%,95%CI:81.02%-92.22%),followed by tired or sore eyes(61.97%,95%CI:53.99%-69.96%).The most common symptoms in tropia were blurry vision(93.94%,95%CI:79.77%-99.26%)and difficulty concentrating(87.88%,95%CI:76.74%-99.01%).CONCLUSION:Among Erbil’s high school students,the prevalence of strabismus,particularly the exodeviation type,is relatively high,and a significant percentage of students have NPC abnormalities.Addressing and correcting these binocular vision problems,due to their associated visual symptoms,can lead to an improvement in students’quality of life and academic performance.
文摘Objective:To assess prenatal Bisphenol A(BPA)exposure levels and explore their preliminary associations with maternal and fetal characteristics in a population from Northeastern Yunnan.Methods:A cross-sectional analysis was performed using data and urine samples from 70 pregnant women in their third trimester recruited at Qujing Central Hospital.Urinary BPA was measured by HPLC-MS/MS.Participants were stratified into high and low BPA exposure groups based on the median concentration.Results:BPA was detected in all samples(100%)with a median concentration of 2.41μg/L(IQR:0.68-4.96).The high BPA exposure group(≥2.41μg/L)had a significantly higher proportion of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)(42.9%vs.17.1%,p=0.021)and a lower median fetal birth weight(3250 g vs.3450 g,p=0.048)compared to the low exposure group.Conclusion:This pilot study reveals ubiquitous BPA exposure in pregnant women from Northeastern Yunnan.The observed preliminary associations with GDM and reduced fetal birth weight warrant further investigation in larger,longitudinal studies.
基金funding by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82174492)National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Acupuncture and Moxibustion Project(N o.ZJJBGS2024002-1).
文摘Background: The human gut microbiome is an important target for disease treatment and prevention. Various microbial species within the complex ecosystem of the microbiome have been shown to play important roles in disease. Identification of bioactive materials capable of altering the abundances of these species both safely and effectively is a major goal in microbiome research. Many traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) have been reported to affect the composition of the gut microbiome. Here, we summarize studies that have used TCMs to alter the gut microbiome and discuss the response relationship between TCMs and gut microbial species. Methods: We searched the PubMed, Web of Science, and Knowledge Network databases using the terms “traditional Chinese medicine,” “gut microbiome,” and specific system disease names (endocrine, immune, nervous, cardiovascular, and digestive). Studies were excluded if irrelevant or if the experimental procedures were unclear. Results: TCMs have been reported to affect a wide range of gut microbial taxa spanning major phyla, including Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Verrucomicrobiota, Actinobacteria, and Fusobacteria. In all, 54 TCMs including compounds and extracts have been tested in rodents and 30 have been examined in human trials. Almost all studies have reported positive results in regulating the gut microbiome as well as modulating corresponding phenotypes, spanning diseases of the endocrine, immune, nervous, cardiovascular, and digestive systems. Gut species, including Akkermansia, Bacteroides, Fusobacterium, Faecalibacterium, and E. coli, were found to be regulated by 19 TCMs. A network was constructed to visualize the interactions between TCMs and these taxa. Conclusion: There exists a complex and close relationship between intestinal microflora and diseases. Sufficient experimental data and studies have proved that the imbalance of intestinal microflora affects health by mediating metabolism, immune regulation, inflammation and signal transduction. Many characteristic alterations of intestinal microflora are positively correlated with diseases, so intestinal microflora has become a potential risk index and treatment target for many diseases. Many TCMs affect the relative abundances of microbial species in the gut, and therefore may be useful for modulating the gut microbiome. This review provides a reference for prioritizing candidate TCMs from the enormous repertoire of such medicines to test which specific gut microbes are targeted.
文摘Mindfulness would enhance university students’emotional well-being and study engagement.However,the role of affect(positive and negative emotions)and psychological resources(psychological capital)linking mindfulness to study engagement remain underexplored.This cross-sectional study surveyed 688 Chinese university students(females=413,mean age=20.3,SD=0.83),using validated self-report measures of mindfulness,positive and negative emotions,psychological capital,and study engagement.Structural equation modeling and bias-corrected bootstrap analyses(5000 resamples)revealed that mindfulness directly enhanced positive emotions,psychological capital,and study engagement,while reducing negative emotions.Positive emotions partially mediated the positive effect of mindfulness on psychological capital and study engagement.Negative emotions partially and negatively mediated only the mindfulness-psychological capital link.Psychological capital independently mediated the mindfulness-engagement relationship,and two sequential mediation pathways emerged:(a)mindfulness→positive emotions→psychological capital→higher study engagement and(b)mindfulness→reduced negative emotions→psychological capital→higher study engagement.Consistent with broaden-and-build(B&B)theory and Conservation of Resources(COR)theory,these findings suggest that mindfulness fosters study engagement primarily by promoting positive emotional experiences and strengthening psychological capital.By implication,university student support programs should employ mindfulness-based interventions to cultivate emotional and psychological resources for higher students’engagement and overall well-being.
文摘BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal endoscopy technology has significantly improved the diagnostic accuracy and the successful treatment of gastrointestinal diseases.However,a series of ethical issues have emerged,such as expanding treatment indications,which affect the fair distribution of medical resources.There is limited research on ethical issues in the field of digestive endoscopy.AIM To investigate the level of ethical awareness among gastrointestinal endoscopy practitioners and analyze the ethical issues involved in gastrointestinal endoscopy technology.METHODS A questionnaire survey was performed to collect relevant data(gender,age,degree of education,professional title,personnel category,the level of understanding medical ethical principles,ethics training and its learning pathways)from gastrointestinal endoscopy practitioners at the Second Hospital of Dalian Medical University and Dalian Friendship Hospital,including licensed physicians and nurses(including trainees and graduate students).RESULTS The majority of gastrointestinal endoscopy practitioners have received training on ethics,but there is still considerable room for improvement in their ethical awareness.Different learning pathways may affect the mastery of ethical principles, and understanding of ethical principles is more easily achieved through hospital ethics institutions.CONCLUSIONTo address the ethical issues in gastrointestinal endoscopy technology, it is necessary to enhance the humanisticeducation of gastrointestinal endoscopy practitioners, incorporate ethical standards into the technology assessmentprocess, and establish a patient-centered diagnostic and treatment model to improve the ethical awareness of practitionersand achieve a balance between technology and ethics.
基金financially supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022M712153)The National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22367007 and 82304384)+1 种基金The Fundamental Research Funds for Hainan University(No.KYQD(ZR)23002)Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.824RC500)。
文摘Alzheimer's disease(AD)is a common neurodegenerative disorder among the elderly population.There are currently no effective therapeutic drugs available,the multi-target-directed ligands(MTDLs)strategy has been considered as the promising approach.Given the structural diversity of natural products,Rivastigmine's pharmacophore was integrated with diverse natural product scaffolds to construct a combinatorial compound library.This library was subsequently screened and optimized to identify a novel butyrylcholinesterase(Bu Ch E)inhibitor,compound 3c.The results showed that compound 3c exhibited favorable Bu Ch E inhibitory activity(half-maximal inhibitory concentration(IC_(50))=0.43μmol/L),potential anti-inflammatory potency,good Aβ_(1-42) aggregation inhibitory capacity and remarkable neuroprotective effects.The in vivo study exhibited that 3c significantly ameliorated AlCl_(3)-induced zebrafish AD model and scopolamine-induced memory impairment.Collectively,compound 3c was the artificial intelligence(AI)-driven promising multifunctional agent with Bu Ch E inhibition for the treatment of AD.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFA1508004)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(T2293692,22502164,92472203,22222903,52271229,22472074,22272069,22361132532,and 22021001)+6 种基金the Industry-University-Research Joint Innovation Project of Fujian Province(2023H6029)the Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences(BNLMS202305)the Scientific and Technological Project of Yunnan Precious Metals Laboratory(YPML-20240502063)the Liaoning Binhai Laboratory(Grant No.2024-05)the State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals,Dalian University of Technology(KF 2401)the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF under Grant Number GZC20240897the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2025M770016).
文摘Escalating global energy demands and climate urgency necessitate advanced electrochemical energy conversion and storage technologies(EECSTs)like electrocatalysis and rechargeable batteries.Improving their performance relies on elucidating reaction mechanisms and structure-performance relationships via in situ studies.This review summarizes recent in situ studies of EECSTs through a variety of advanced characterization techniques aiming at mapping reaction pathways for the rational design of overall high-performance reaction systems.We outline the principles,capabilities,advantages,and limitations of various in situ techniques.Their applications in in situ studies of fuel cells,water/CO_(2)electrolysis,and lithium batteries are highlighted with representative examples.These studies enable dynamic tracking of chemical and structural evolution of overall reaction systems,including materials,intermediates,products,and surroundings during operation,providing insights critical to rational system design.Future advancements will involve integrating multimodal in situ/operando approaches with artificial intelligence to enable real-time monitoring at practical scales.Such integration promises precise mechanistic insights and robust structure-performance correlations,ultimately accelerating the development of high-performance EECSTs aligned with sustainability and market requirements.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.82373581 to Yuan Lin).
文摘Prenatal maternal psychological distress,particularly depression,has been increasingly recognized as a factor that influences fetal growth;however,its impact on early childhood development remains less well understood.The present study investigated the association between prenatal depression and children's growth trajectories,as well as the odds of overweight and obesity from 1 to 36 months,while also accounting for maternal anxiety and stress.We analyzed data from 4710 mother-child dyads in the Jiangsu Birth Cohort,assessing maternal psychological distress across trimesters and categorizing participants into groups with mild,moderate,and severe depressive symptomatology.Children's weight-for-length z-scores(WLZ)were used to assess overweight/obesity prevalence,and growth patterns were identified through trajectory models.The results from the generalized estimating equations analysis showed that greater depressive symptomatology during pregnancy was associated with a 28%to 41%increase in the odds of childhood overweight/obesity across all three trimesters,compared with mild depressive symptomatology.We identified five distinct WLZ growth trajectory patterns,and found that mothers with greater depressive symptomatology were 39%–47%more likely to have children who followed a very-high-stable growth trajectory,compared with mothers with mild depressive symptomatology.These findings highlight the significant impact of prenatal depression on adverse growth patterns and childhood overweight/obesity,underscoring the need for early intervention.
文摘Objectives:In recent years,mental health has emerged as a pressing public health concern in China,driven by mounting societal pressures and fast-paced urban lifestyles.Physical activity,a well-established means of enhancing psychological well-being,has received growing scholarly and policy attention.This study uses panel data from the 2020 and 2022 waves of the China Family Panel Studies(CFPS)to examine the impact of exercise frequency on mental health(with indicators such as CESD-8 depression scores)among college students and young employees,thereby providing empirical support for targeted mental health interventions.Methods:This study examines the relationship between individual exercise frequency and mental health among college students and young employees,using panel data from the 2020 and 2022 waves of the China Family Panel Studies(CFPS),with the Chinese version of the 8-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CESD-8)depression scores,self-rated health,and life satisfaction as outcome variables.Specifically,this study tests three hypotheses:(H1)increased exercise frequency significantly reduces depression symptoms and enhances well-being;(H2)the effects of exercise vary by social roles,with stronger mental health benefits among employed individuals and those with lower education;and(H3)lifestyle factors such as smoking amount,sleep duration,and Body Mass Index(BMI)partially mediate the relationship between exercise and mental health.Employing a two-way fixed effects model,baseline results indicate that a one-unit increase in exercise frequency significantly reduces the CESD-8 score by 0.183 points.To address potential endogeneity and spurious regression concerns,an instrumental variable(IV)approach is further applied.The heterogeneity analysis differentiates between students and employed individuals.Results:Among students,the effects of exercise on mental health are not statistically significant,regardless of education level.In contrast,for the employed,exercise demonstrates a significant positive impact on mental health,with particularly pronounced effects among those with lower educational attainment.These findings underscore the importance of promoting exercise as part of comprehensive mental health strategies.Mediation analysis indicates that the beneficial effect of exercise on mental health is partially transmitted through reductions in adverse health behaviors,especially smoking.Conclusions:Policymakers should integrate physical activity promotion into health interventions,prioritizing vulnerable groups to enhance psychological resilience and foster inclusive,health-oriented development.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82341245,82371491)the Chinese Central Government(Key Project of Public Health Program)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFC1311706,2018YFC1311702)。
文摘Objective This study aimed to determine the temporal trends in sleep duration among Chinese adults.Methods In this series of repeated nationally representative cross-sectional surveys(China Chronic Disease and Risk Factors Surveillance)conducted between 2010 and 2018,a total of 645,420 adult participants(97,741 in 2010;175,749 in 2013;187,777 in 2015;and 184,153 in 2018)were included in the trend analysis.Linear and logistic regression models were utilized to assess trends in sleep duration.Results In 2018,the estimated overall mean sleep duration among the Chinese adult population was7.58(SD,1.45)hours per day,with no significant trend from 2010.A significant increase in short sleep duration(≤6 hours)was observed in the total population,from 15.3%(95%CI:14.1%–16.5%)in 2010 to18.5%(95%CI:17.7%–19.3%)in 2018(P<0.001).Similarly,the trend in long sleep duration(>9 hours)was also significant,increasing in weighted prevalence from 7.2%(95%CI:6.3%–8.1%)in 2010 to 9.0%(95%CI:8.2%–9.9%)in 2018(P<0.001).Conclusion The prevalence of both short and long sleep durations significantly increased among Chinese adults from 2010 to 2018,highlighting the urgency of health initiatives to promote optimal sleep duration in China.
基金supported by USDA-SCRI(Grant Nos.2017-51181-26830 and 2023-51181-41321)USDA-AMS SCMP(Grant No.16SCCMAR0001)+1 种基金Arkansas Department of Agriculture SCBGP(Grant No.AM22SCBGPAR1130-00)USDA NIFA Hatch project ARK0VG2018 and ARK02440.
文摘The Leafminers,representing a diverse group of insects from various genera within the Agromyzidae family,pose a significant threat to spinach(Spinacia oleracea L.)production.This study aimed to identify single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)markers associated with leafminer resistance through a genome-wide association study(GWAS)and to evaluate the prediction accuracy(PA)for selecting resistant spinach using genomic prediction(GP).Using a dataset of 84301 SNPs obtained from whole-genome resequencing,seven GWAS models,including BLINK,FarmCPU,MLM,and MLMM in GAPIT 3,as well as MLM,GLM,and SMR in TASSEL 5,were employed to perform GWAS on a panel of 286 USDA spinach germplasm accessions.Three SNP markers,namely 1_115279256_C_T,3_157082529_C_T,and 4_168510908_T_G on chromosomes 1,3,and 4,respectively,were identified as associated with leafminer resistance.In the 30 kb flanking regions of these markers,four candidate genes(SOV1g031330,SOV1g031340,SOV4g047270,and SOV4g047280),encoding LOB domain-containing protein,KH domain-containing protein,were discovered.Nodulin-like domain-containing protein,and SAM domain-containing protein,were discovered.The PA for leafminer resistance selection was estimated using ten different SNP sets,including two GWAS-derived marker sets(three and 51 SNPs)and eight random marker sets(ranging from 51 to 10 K SNPs)analyzed by seven GP models.The findings emphasized the superior performance of GWAS-derived SNP sets,reaching a PA of up to 0.79 using the cBLUP model.Notably,this research marks the pioneering application of GP in the context of insect resistance,providing a significant advancement in the understanding and management of leafminer resistance in spinach cultivation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22322107,22101169 and 22071144)by Shanghai Scientific and Technological Committee(No.22010500300).
文摘Organic pollutants,a pivotal factor in water pollution,have persistently menaced the aquatic ecosystem,as well as the sustainable development of human health,economy,and society.Consequently,there is an urgent need for advanced techniques to efficiently eliminate organic micropollutants from water.Here,we present the synthesis of three nonporous cavitand-crosslinked polymers capable of adsorbing diverse organic pollutants from aqueous solutions.These polymeric adsorbents exhibit outstanding adsorptive performance towards the tested micropollutants,characterized by high apparent adsorption rate constants(kobs)and maximum adsorption capacities(qmax,e).Notably,Compound NCCP-1 demonstrated a remarkable qmax,e of 459 mg/g for bisphenol A(BPA),ranking among the highest values reported for organic polymer adsorbents.In-depth investigation of the adsorption mechanism of the nonporous polymer revealed that it involves the recognition of pollutants by the deep cavities of the cavitand moieties and the interstitial spaces between them,primarily mediated by the hydrophobic effect.Furthermore,NCCP-1 was applied in situ water purification simulations and was proven to maintain its removal efficiency over more than four cycles,highlighting its potential for practical applications in water treatment.
文摘AIM:To investigate the potential causal associations between 41 inflammatory cytokines and myopia using a two-sample Mendelian randomization(MR)approach.METHODS:Publicly available genome-wide association study(GWAS)datasets were utilized for this two-sample MR analysis.Inflammatory cytokine-related GWAS data were extracted from The University of Bristol’s Research Data Repository,and myopia-related GWAS data were obtained from the FinnGen project.Single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)associated with inflammatory cytokines were systematically selected as instrumental variables(IVs)based on three rigorous criteria:relevance,independence,and exclusion of pleiotropy.Five MR methods were employed for causal inference:the inverse-variance weighted(IVW)method as the primary analysis,supplemented by MREgger regression,weighted median estimator,simple mode,and weighted mode approaches.Sensitivity analyses were performed to evaluate the robustness of the causal estimates.RESULTS:A total of 773 myopia-associated SNPs were identified.MR analysis revealed that higher levels of macrophage inflammatory protein 1-α(MIP-1α)were associated with a 17%reduced risk of myopia[odds ratio(OR)=0.83;95%confidence interval(CI):0.69-0.99;P<0.05].In contrast,elevated levels of eotaxin(OR=1.26;95%CI:1.07-1.47;P<0.01),stromal cell-derived factor-1α(SDF-1α;OR=1.68;95%CI:1.08-2.62;P<0.05),and interleukin-2 receptor subunit alpha(IL-2Rα;OR=1.25;95%CI:1.01-1.53;P<0.05)were significantly associated with an increased risk of myopia.Sensitivity analyses confirmed the reliability of these results.CONCLUSION:This study provides evidence supporting a causal relationship between specific inflammatory cytokines and myopia.MIP-1αmay act as a protective factor against myopia,while eotaxin,SDF-1α,and IL-2Rαare potential risk factors for myopia.These findings emphasize the critical role of inflammatory pathways in the pathogenesis of myopia,offering novel insights for the development of preventive and therapeutic strategies for myopia.
文摘Objectives This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of the semi-virtual simulation and traditional simulation teaching models based on the Standards of Best Practice(SOBP)according to the International Nursing Association for Clinical Simulation and Learning(INACSL)in the Adult Nursing course.Methods This study used a quasi-experimental design.A total of 94 third-year nursing students from a university in Beijing between November and December 2022 were recruited as participants.An innovative semi-virtual simulation teaching model was designed based on the SOBP established by the INACSL.In the Adult Nursing course,both the semi-virtual and traditional simulation teaching models were implemented.At the end of the simulation sessions,participants completed the Chinese version of the Simulation Effectiveness Tool-Modified(SET-M)to assess the effectiveness of the two teaching models.Results All nursing students completed the simulation sessions.There was no difference(t=−0.93,P=0.353)in the total scores between the semi-virtual simulation teaching model(50.87±5.30)and the traditional simulation teaching model(50.37±5.16).However,there was a statistically significant difference(t=−2.65,P=0.010)in the prebriefing section(semi-virtual simulation:5.60±0.71;traditional simulation:5.33±0.78).In contrast,no statistically significant differences were found for the scenario and debriefing sections(P>0.05).At the individual item level,statistical differences(P<0.05)between the two models were identified for items 1 and 9,but not for the remaining items(P>0.05).By analyzing the open-ended question,it was found that both simulation models were effective,and students’comments were similar.Conclusions The study demonstrated equivalent effectiveness between the semi-virtual and traditional simulation teaching models.Semi-virtual simulation teaching model could offer a more flexible and feasible approach to simulation teaching.
文摘Objective To determine whether frailty is a risk factor for hospitalization and mortality in older adults enrolled in the "Chronic Heart Failure Program" at a hospital in Lima, Peru, between 2018–2021.Methods This was an ambispective cohort study. A total of 85 older adults participating in the Chronic Heart Failure Program at Guillermo Almenara National Hospital were included. Each had an initial frailty assessment, forming two cohorts: frail and non-frail older adults. Medical records were reviewed, and patients were followed for one year to track events of interest(hospitalization and mortality). Overall survival and risk factors for hospitalization and death were determined.Results During follow-up, 15.3% of the older adults died, and frailty was identified in 58.8% of the patients. Overall survival using the Kaplan-Meier method was 96.5% at 3 months after entering the Chronic Heart Failure Program;92.9% at 6 months;and85.9% at one year. Multivariate analysis using Poisson regression found that frailty was not a risk factor for hospitalization(a RR =0.92;95% CI: 0.42–2.03). Survival analysis using the Cox proportional hazards model showed that frailty was also not a risk factor for mortality after one year of follow-up(a HR = 1.32;95% CI: 0.27–6.53).Conclusions Our research does not confirm frailty as a risk factor for hospitalization or mortality in older adults enrolled in the“Chronic Heart Failure Program” after one year of follow-up.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(32370850,32460081)Leading Talent of Technological Innovation of Shaanxi Special Support Program(20249)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi(2020JC-29,2023-JCZD-09)Central Universities Funds(GK202402003)the Jiangxi Agricultural University(9232308314)the Science and Technology Department of Jiangxi Province(20223BCJ25037)。
文摘Signaling peptides are known for their prominent roles in plant growth, development, and environmental adaptation(Zhang et al., 2025). However, their extremely low natural abundance and highly dynamic expression patterns pose significant technical challenges to extract sufficient amounts with good purity for biological studies and practical applications.Consequently, chemical synthesis and microbial systems offer attractive alternatives to obtain potent peptides at higher quantities and purity. Incorporating modifications or substitutions, chemically synthetic approaches enable the creation of more effective engineered peptides such as agonists,antagonists, chemically modified peptides, or peptide-like molecules with novel functions compared to native peptides.
文摘Large-scale proteomics studies can refine our understanding of health and disease and enable precision medicine.Here,we provide a detailed atlas of 2,920 plasma proteins linking to diseases(406 prevalent and 660 incident)and 986 health-related traits in 53,026 individuals(median follow-up:14.8 years)from the UK Biobank,representing the most comprehensive proteome profiles to date.This atlas revealed 168,100 protein-disease associations and 554,488 protein-trait associations.
