This letter presents a method for probing the attosecond time delay between two radiatively resonant transitions from Fano structures,which arise from interference between the extreme ultraviolet free induction decay(...This letter presents a method for probing the attosecond time delay between two radiatively resonant transitions from Fano structures,which arise from interference between the extreme ultraviolet free induction decay(XFID)emission and high-order harmonics.The ellipticity dependence of the Ne^(+)XFID yield confirms that the ionic excited-state populations originate from inelastic recollision between tunneling electrons and parent ions.Subsequent extraction of relative phases from Fano structures enables the determination of the time delay(~22 as)between the two decay pathways.This work provides an experimental approach to probe the attosecond time delay between different XFID channels and contributes to a deeper understanding of the tunneling-plusrescattering model in strong laser fields.展开更多
Ulcerative colitis(UC)is often accompanied by intestinal inflammation and disruption of intestinal epithelial structures,which are closely associated with changes in the intestinal microbiota.We previously revealed th...Ulcerative colitis(UC)is often accompanied by intestinal inflammation and disruption of intestinal epithelial structures,which are closely associated with changes in the intestinal microbiota.We previously revealed that Min pigs,a native Chinese breed,are more resistant to dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced colitis than commercial Yorkshire pigs.Characterizing the microbiota in Min pigs would allow identification of the core microbes that confer colitis resistance.By analyzing the microbiota linked to the disease course in Min and Yorkshire pigs,we observed that Bacillus spp.were enriched in Min pigs and positively correlated with pathogen resistance.Using targeted screening,we identified and validated Bacillus siamensis MZ16 from Min pigs as a bacterial species with biofilm formation ability,superior salt and pH tolerance,and antimicrobial characteristics.Subsequently,we administered B.siamensis Mz16 to conventional or microbiota-deficient BALB/c mice with DSS-induced colitis to assess its efficacy in alleviating colitis.B.siamensis MZ16 partially counteracted DSS-induced colitis in conventional mice,but it did not mitigate DsS-induced colitis in microbiota-deficient mice.Further analysis revealed that B.siamensis MZ16 administration improved intestinal ecology and integrity and immunological barrier function in mice.Compared to the DSS-treated mice,mice preadministered B.siamensis MZ16 exhibited improved relative abundance of potentially beneficial microbes(Lactobacillus,Bacillus,Christensenellaceae R7,Ruminococcus,Clostridium,and Eubacterium),reduced relative abundance of pathogenic microbes(Escherichia-Shigella),and maintained colonic OCLN and ZO-1 levels and IgA and SlgA levels.Furthermore,B.siamensis MZ16 reduced proinflammatory cytokine levels by reversing NF-kB and MAPK pathway activation in the DSS group.Overall,B.siamensis MZ16 from Min pigs had beneficial effects on a colitis mouse model by enhancing intestinal barrier functions and reducing inflammation in a gut microbiotadependent manner.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12234020,12474281,12450403,and 12274461)the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(Grant No.2022RC1193).
文摘This letter presents a method for probing the attosecond time delay between two radiatively resonant transitions from Fano structures,which arise from interference between the extreme ultraviolet free induction decay(XFID)emission and high-order harmonics.The ellipticity dependence of the Ne^(+)XFID yield confirms that the ionic excited-state populations originate from inelastic recollision between tunneling electrons and parent ions.Subsequent extraction of relative phases from Fano structures enables the determination of the time delay(~22 as)between the two decay pathways.This work provides an experimental approach to probe the attosecond time delay between different XFID channels and contributes to a deeper understanding of the tunneling-plusrescattering model in strong laser fields.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32372924 and 32302759)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(SWU-KQ23012).
文摘Ulcerative colitis(UC)is often accompanied by intestinal inflammation and disruption of intestinal epithelial structures,which are closely associated with changes in the intestinal microbiota.We previously revealed that Min pigs,a native Chinese breed,are more resistant to dextran sulfate sodium(DSS)-induced colitis than commercial Yorkshire pigs.Characterizing the microbiota in Min pigs would allow identification of the core microbes that confer colitis resistance.By analyzing the microbiota linked to the disease course in Min and Yorkshire pigs,we observed that Bacillus spp.were enriched in Min pigs and positively correlated with pathogen resistance.Using targeted screening,we identified and validated Bacillus siamensis MZ16 from Min pigs as a bacterial species with biofilm formation ability,superior salt and pH tolerance,and antimicrobial characteristics.Subsequently,we administered B.siamensis Mz16 to conventional or microbiota-deficient BALB/c mice with DSS-induced colitis to assess its efficacy in alleviating colitis.B.siamensis MZ16 partially counteracted DSS-induced colitis in conventional mice,but it did not mitigate DsS-induced colitis in microbiota-deficient mice.Further analysis revealed that B.siamensis MZ16 administration improved intestinal ecology and integrity and immunological barrier function in mice.Compared to the DSS-treated mice,mice preadministered B.siamensis MZ16 exhibited improved relative abundance of potentially beneficial microbes(Lactobacillus,Bacillus,Christensenellaceae R7,Ruminococcus,Clostridium,and Eubacterium),reduced relative abundance of pathogenic microbes(Escherichia-Shigella),and maintained colonic OCLN and ZO-1 levels and IgA and SlgA levels.Furthermore,B.siamensis MZ16 reduced proinflammatory cytokine levels by reversing NF-kB and MAPK pathway activation in the DSS group.Overall,B.siamensis MZ16 from Min pigs had beneficial effects on a colitis mouse model by enhancing intestinal barrier functions and reducing inflammation in a gut microbiotadependent manner.
