Porosity is an important attribute for evaluating the petrophysical properties of reservoirs, and has guiding significance for the exploration and development of oil and gas. The seismic inversion is a key method for ...Porosity is an important attribute for evaluating the petrophysical properties of reservoirs, and has guiding significance for the exploration and development of oil and gas. The seismic inversion is a key method for comprehensively obtaining the porosity. Deep learning methods provide an intelligent approach to suppress the ambiguity of the conventional inversion method. However, under the trace-bytrace inversion strategy, there is a lack of constraints from geological structural information, resulting in poor lateral continuity of prediction results. In addition, the heterogeneity and the sedimentary variability of subsurface media also lead to uncertainty in intelligent prediction. To achieve fine prediction of porosity, we consider the lateral continuity and variability and propose an improved structural modeling deep learning porosity prediction method. First, we combine well data, waveform attributes, and structural information as constraints to model geophysical parameters, constructing a high-quality training dataset with sedimentary facies-controlled significance. Subsequently, we introduce a gated axial attention mechanism to enhance the features of dataset and design a bidirectional closed-loop network system constrained by inversion and forward processes. The constraint coefficient is adaptively adjusted by the petrophysical information contained between the porosity and impedance in the study area. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the adaptive coefficient through numerical experiments.Finally, we compare the performance differences between the proposed method and conventional deep learning methods using data from two study areas. The proposed method achieves better consistency with the logging porosity, demonstrating the superiority of the proposed method.展开更多
Ceramic relief mural is a contemporary landscape art that is carefully designed based on human nature,culture,and architectural wall space,combined with social customs,visual sensibility,and art.It may also become the...Ceramic relief mural is a contemporary landscape art that is carefully designed based on human nature,culture,and architectural wall space,combined with social customs,visual sensibility,and art.It may also become the main axis of ceramic art in the future.Taiwan public ceramic relief murals(PCRM)are most distinctive with the PCRM pioneered by Pan-Hsiung Chu of Meinong Kiln in 1987.In addition to breaking through the limitations of traditional public ceramic murals,Chu leveraged local culture and sensibility.The theme of art gives PCRM its unique style and innovative value throughout the Taiwan region.This study mainly analyzes and understands the design image of public ceramic murals,taking Taiwan PCRM’s design and creation as the scope,and applies STEEP analysis,that is,the social,technological,economic,ecological,and political-legal environments are analyzed as core factors;eight main important factors in the artistic design image of ceramic murals are evaluated.Then,interpretive structural modeling(ISM)is used to establish five levels,analyze the four main problems in the main core factor area and the four main target results in the affected factor area;and analyze the problem points and target points as well as their causal relationships.It is expected to sort out the relationship between these factors,obtain the hierarchical relationship of each factor,and provide a reference basis and research methods.展开更多
A unified structural model for high-aspect-ratio composite wing with arbitrary cross-section is developed. Two types of lay-ups of the composite wing, namely, circumferentially uniform stiffness （CUS） configuration ...A unified structural model for high-aspect-ratio composite wing with arbitrary cross-section is developed. Two types of lay-ups of the composite wing, namely, circumferentially uniform stiffness （CUS） configuration and circumferentially asymmetric stiffness （CAS） configuration, are investigated. The present structural modeling method is validated through ANSYS FEM software for the case of a composite box beam. Then, the case of a single-cell composite wing with NACA0012 airfoil shape is considered. To investigate the aeroelastic problem of high-aspect-ratio composite wings, the linear ONERA aerodynamic model is used to model the unsteady aerodynamic loads under the case of small angle of attack. Finally, flutter speeds of the high-aspect-ratio wing with various composite ply angles are determined by using U-g method.展开更多
Alarm flood is one of the main problems in the alarm systems of industrial process. Alarm root-cause analysis and alarm prioritization are good for alarm flood reduction. This paper proposes a systematic rationalizati...Alarm flood is one of the main problems in the alarm systems of industrial process. Alarm root-cause analysis and alarm prioritization are good for alarm flood reduction. This paper proposes a systematic rationalization method for multivariate correlated alarms to realize the root cause analysis and alarm prioritization. An information fusion based interpretive structural model is constructed according to the data-driven partial correlation coefficient calculation and process knowledge modification. This hierarchical multi-layer model is helpful in abnormality propagation path identification and root-cause analysis. Revised Likert scale method is adopted to determine the alarm priority and reduce the blindness of alarm handling. As a case study, the Tennessee Eastman process is utilized to show the effectiveness and validity of proposed approach. Alarm system performance comparison shows that our rationalization methodology can reduce the alarm flood to some extent and improve the performance.展开更多
The present study focuses on building a workflow for structural interpretation and velocity modeling and implementing to Jurassic-Cretaceous succession （Chiltan Limestone and Massive sand of the Lower Goru Formation...The present study focuses on building a workflow for structural interpretation and velocity modeling and implementing to Jurassic-Cretaceous succession （Chiltan Limestone and Massive sand of the Lower Goru Formation）. 2D-Migrated seismic sections of the area are used as data set and in order to confirm the presence of hydrocarbons in the study area, P and S-wave seismic velocities are estimated from single-component seismic data. Some specific issues in the use of seismic data for modeling and hydrocarbon evaluation need to deal with including distinguishing the reservoir and cap rocks, and the effects of faults, folds and presence of hydrocarbons on these rocks. This study has carried out the structural interpretation and modeling of the seismic data for the identification of traps. The results demonstrate existence of appropriate structural traps in the form of horst and grabens in the area. 2D and 3D velocity modeling of the horizons indicates the presence of high velocity zones in the eastern half of the study while relatively low velocity zones are encountered in the western half of the area. Two wells were drilled in the study area （i.e. Fateh-01 and Ichhri-01） and both are dry. Immature hydrocarbons migration is considered as a failure reason for Fateh-01 and Ichhri-01 well.展开更多
Causal inference prevails in the field of laparoscopic surgery.Once the causality between an intervention and outcome is established,the intervention can be applied to a target population to improve clinical outcomes....Causal inference prevails in the field of laparoscopic surgery.Once the causality between an intervention and outcome is established,the intervention can be applied to a target population to improve clinical outcomes.In many clinical scenarios,interventions are applied longitudinally in response to patients’conditions.Such longitudinal data comprise static variables,such as age,gender,and comorbidities;and dynamic variables,such as the treatment regime,laboratory variables,and vital signs.Some dynamic variables can act as both the confounder and mediator for the effect of an intervention on the outcome;in such cases,simple adjustment with a conventional regression model will bias the effect sizes.To address this,numerous statistical methods are being developed for causal inference;these include,but are not limited to,the structural marginal Cox regression model,dynamic treatment regime,and Cox regression model with time-varying covariates.This technical note provides a gentle introduction to such models and illustrates their use with an example in the field of laparoscopic surgery.展开更多
The Sèmè oilfield is located in Benin’s offshore coastal sedimentary basin, near the Benin-Nigeria border, and contains two important oil bearing structures called “Sèmè North” and “Sèm...The Sèmè oilfield is located in Benin’s offshore coastal sedimentary basin, near the Benin-Nigeria border, and contains two important oil bearing structures called “Sèmè North” and “Sèmè South”. In this coastal basin, Turonian sandstones of Abeokuta formation (Cenomanian-Turonian to Early Senonian age) form two reservoir units differentiated by two seismic horizons H6 and H6.5. The H6 seismic horizon represents the upper reservoir unit and is the main reservoir from which, more than 22 million barrels of crude oil had previously been produced in Sèmè oilfield. In order to improve knowledge of field petroleum geology, the present study presents the structural features of this upper reservoir unit. The use of Petrel software modules for the integration of 15 wells data, allowed presenting a structural model and illustrative cross sections that precise the geometry and specifying the structural characteristics of this reservoir unit within Sèmè field. The displayed structural architecture shows that the upper Turonian sandstones unit is composed of 11 layers including 7 reservoir layers (A, B, C1, C2, D1, D2, E) and 4 intra-reservoir layers (1, 2, 3 and 4) controlled by faults systems. The model provides basic framework necessary for geological characterization of the reservoir through a static model. The results of this study can be used for petrophysical modeling, Gross Rock Volume (GRV) determination and technical redevelopment of the field.展开更多
The structural modeling of open-high-low-close(OHLC)data contained within the candlestick chart is crucial to financial practice.However,the inherent constraints in OHLC data pose immense challenges to its structural ...The structural modeling of open-high-low-close(OHLC)data contained within the candlestick chart is crucial to financial practice.However,the inherent constraints in OHLC data pose immense challenges to its structural modeling.Models that fail to process these constraints may yield results deviating from those of the original OHLC data structure.To address this issue,a novel unconstrained transformation method,along with its explicit inverse transformation,is proposed to properly handle the inherent constraints of OHLC data.A flexible and effective framework for structurally modeling OHLC data is designed,and the detailed procedure for modeling OHLC data through the vector autoregression and vector error correction model are provided as an example of multivariate time-series analysis.Extensive simulations and three authentic financial datasets from the Kweichow Moutai,CSI 100 index,and 50 ETF of the Chinese stock market demonstrate the effectiveness and stability of the proposed modeling approach.The modeling results of support vector regression provide further evidence that the proposed unconstrained transformation not only ensures structural forecasting of OHLC data but also is an effective feature-extraction method that can effectively improve the forecasting accuracy of machine-learning models for close prices.展开更多
With the continuous advancement of education informatization,Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge(TPACK),as a new theoretical framework,provides a novel method for measuring teachers’informatization teaching a...With the continuous advancement of education informatization,Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge(TPACK),as a new theoretical framework,provides a novel method for measuring teachers’informatization teaching ability.This study takes normal students of English majors from three ethnic universities as the research object,collects relevant data through questionnaires,and uses structural equation modeling to conduct data analysis and empirical research to investigate the differences in the TPACK levels of these students at different grades and the structural relationships among the elements in the TPACK structure.The technological pedagogical knowledge element of the TPACK structure was not obtained by exploratory factors analysis but through path analysis and structural equation modeling,the results show that the one-dimensional core knowledge of technological knowledge(TK),content knowledge(CK),and pedagogical knowledge(PK)have a positive effect on the two-dimensional interaction knowledge of technological content knowledge(TCK)and pedagogical content knowledge(PCK);furthermore,TCK and PCK have a positive effect on TPACK;and TK,CK,and PK indirectly affect TPACK through TCK and PCK.On this basis,suggestions are provided to ethnic colleges and universities to develop the TPACK knowledge competence of normal students of English majors.展开更多
The acetylpolyamine oxidase(APAO),spermine oxidase(SMO),and spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase(SSAT)are pivotal enzymes in polyamine metabolism,exerting direct influence on polyamine homeostasis regulation.Dysfu...The acetylpolyamine oxidase(APAO),spermine oxidase(SMO),and spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase(SSAT)are pivotal enzymes in polyamine metabolism,exerting direct influence on polyamine homeostasis regulation.Dysfunctions in these enzymes are intricately linked to inflammatory diseases and cancers.Establishing their three-dimensional structures is essential for exploring enzymatic catalytic mechanisms and designing inhibitors at the atomic level.This article primarily assesses the precision of AlphaFold2 and molecular dynamics simulations in determining the three-dimensional structures of these enzymes,utilizing protein conformation rationality assessment,residue correlation matrix,and other techniques.This provides robust models for subsequent polyamine catabolic metabolism calculations and offers valuable insights for modeling proteins that have yet to acquire crystal structures.展开更多
Controversy is ongoing regarding the relationship between ore formation and the structural evolution of the Hadamengou gold deposit.To address this issue,we conducted a comprehensive investigation of mineralization-re...Controversy is ongoing regarding the relationship between ore formation and the structural evolution of the Hadamengou gold deposit.To address this issue,we conducted a comprehensive investigation of mineralization-related structures,geochronology and Fe isotopes.From the perspective of spatial evolution,hydrothermal fluids originating from the Shadegai and Xishadegai plutons have extracted accumulated ore-forming elements from the Wulashan Group(Ar2WL)and then evolved,initiating at Exploration Line 11 and migrating eastwards and westwards along the EW-trending thrust fault system to form orebodies.From the temporal evolution standpoint,the Wulashan Group(Ar_(2)WL)experienced diagenesis(2591.00 Ma to 2204.00 Ma)and metamorphism(2074.00 Ma to 1625.00 Ma)from late Neoarchean to early Paleoproterozoic,when ore-forming materials were initially accumulated;in the early Paleozoic(440.71 Ma to 425.00 Ma),the collision led to the formation of early-stage EW-trending imbricated thrust faults,which established a fundamental structural framework for the orefield and further accumulated ore-forming materials;from the late Paleozoic to the Mesozoic,multiple subsequent episodes of regional tectonic-magmatic-hydrothermal events have superimposed,modified and reactivated the thrust fault system.Notably,the Triassic period,particularly between 245.00 Ma and 217.90 Ma,is considered to be a primary ore-forming stage.In summary,the intricate relationship between ore-formation and structural evolution has been fundamentally elucidated.展开更多
Dentistry is a profession with a high prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders(WMSDs),with symptoms often appearing very early in one’s career[1].WMSDs are conditions affecting the muscles,bones,and nervo...Dentistry is a profession with a high prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders(WMSDs),with symptoms often appearing very early in one’s career[1].WMSDs are conditions affecting the muscles,bones,and nervous system due to occupational factors.In 2002,the International Labor Organization included musculoskeletal diseases in the International List of Occupational Diseases.China’s recently updated Classification and Catalog of Occupational Diseases has introduced two new categories of occupational illnesses,including occupational musculoskeletal disorders.WMSDs significantly impact the health and work of dentists,reducing their quality of life and causing economic losses.These disorders are multifactorial in nature,influenced by personal,psychosocial,biomechanical,and environmental factors.Dentists frequently maintain static or awkward postures during procedures,which leads to musculoskeletal strain and discomfort;additionally,long working hours contribute to psychological stress,further increasing the risk of WMSDs[2].展开更多
This paper outlines a diagnostic approach to quantify the maintainability of a Commercial off-the-Shelf （COTS）-based system by analyzing the complexity of the deployment of the system components. Interpretive Struct...This paper outlines a diagnostic approach to quantify the maintainability of a Commercial off-the-Shelf （COTS）-based system by analyzing the complexity of the deployment of the system components. Interpretive Structural Modeling （ISM） is used to demonstrate how ISM supports in identifying and understanding interdependencies among COTS components and how they affect the complexity of the maintenance of the COTS Based System （CBS）. Through ISM analysis we have determined which components in the CBS contribute most significantly to the complexity of the system. With the ISM, architects, system integrators, and system maintainers can isolate the COTS products that cause the most complexity, and therefore cause the most effort to maintain, and take precautions to only change those products when necessary or during major maintenance efforts. The analysis also clearly shows the components that can be easily replaced or upgraded with very little impact on the rest of the system.展开更多
Interpretive structural modeling(ISM)is an interactive process in which a malformed(bad structured)problem is structured into a comprehensive systematic model.Yet,despite many advantages that ISM provides,this method ...Interpretive structural modeling(ISM)is an interactive process in which a malformed(bad structured)problem is structured into a comprehensive systematic model.Yet,despite many advantages that ISM provides,this method has some shortcomings,the most important one of which is its reliance on participants’intuition and judgment.This problem undermines the validity of ISM.To solve this problem and further enhance the ISM method,the present study proposes a method called equation structural modeling(ESM),which draws on the capacities of structural equation modeling(SEM).As such,ESM provides a statistically verifiable framework and provides a graphical,hierarchical and intuitive model.展开更多
Owing to its distinguished mechanical stiffness and strength, graphene has become an ideal reinforcing material in kinds of composite materials. In this work, the graphene（reduced graphene oxide） reinforced aluminum...Owing to its distinguished mechanical stiffness and strength, graphene has become an ideal reinforcing material in kinds of composite materials. In this work, the graphene（reduced graphene oxide） reinforced aluminum（Al）matrix composites were fabricated by flaky powder metallurgy. Tensile tests of pure Al matrix and graphene/Al composites with bioinspired layered structures are conducted.By means of an independently developed Python-based structural modeling program, three-dimensional microscopic structural models of graphene/Al composites can be established, in which the size, shape, orientation, location and content of graphene can be reconstructed in line with the actual graphene/Al composite structures. Elastoplastic mechanical properties, damaged materials behaviors, grapheneAl interfacial behaviors and reasonable boundary conditions are introduced and applied to perform the simulations. Based on the experimental and numerical tensile behaviors of graphene/Al composites, the effects of graphene morphology,graphene-Al interface, composite configuration and failure behavior within the tensile mechanical deformations of graphene/Al composites can be revealed and indicated, respectively.From the analysis above, a good understanding can be brought to light for the deformation mechanism of graphene/Al composites.展开更多
Work injuries in mines are complex and generally characterized by several factors starting from personal to technical and technical to social characteristics.In this paper,investigation was made through the applicatio...Work injuries in mines are complex and generally characterized by several factors starting from personal to technical and technical to social characteristics.In this paper,investigation was made through the application of structural equation modeling to study the nature of relationships between the influencing/associating personal factors and work injury and their sequential relationships leading towards work injury occurrences in underground coal mines.Six variables namely,rebelliousness,negative affectivity,job boredom,job dissatisfaction and work injury were considered in this study.Instruments were developed to quantify them through a questionnaire survey.Underground mine workers were randomly selected for the survey.Responses from 300 participants were used for the analysis.The structural model of LISREL was used to estimate the interrelationships amongst the variables.The case study results show that negative affectivity and job boredom induce more job dissatisfaction to the workers whereas risk taking attitude of the individual is positively influenced by job dissatisfaction as well as by rebelliousness characteristics of the individual.Finally,risk taking and job dissatisfaction are having positive significant direct relationship with work injury.The findings of this study clearly reveal that rebelliousness,negative affectivity and job boredom are the three key personal factors influencing work related injuries in mines that need to be addressed properly through effective safety programs.展开更多
Surface and deep subsurface geological structural trends,stratigraphic features,and reservoir characteristics play important roles in assessment of hydrocarbon potential.Here,an approach that integrates digital elevat...Surface and deep subsurface geological structural trends,stratigraphic features,and reservoir characteristics play important roles in assessment of hydrocarbon potential.Here,an approach that integrates digital elevation modelling,seismic interpretation,seismic attributes,three-dimensional(3D)geological structural modeling predicated on seismic data interpretation,and petrophysical analysis is presented to visualize and analyze reservoir structural trends and determine residual hydrocarbon potential.The digital elevation model is utilized to provide verifiable predictions of the Dhulian surface structure.Seismic interpretation of synthetic seismograms use two-way time and depth contour models to perform a representative 3D reservoir geological structure evaluation.Based on Petrel structural modeling efficiency,reservoir development indexes,such as the true 3D structural trends,slope,geometry type,depth,and possibility of hydrocarbon prospects,were calculated for the Eocene limestone Chorgali,upper Paleocene limestone Lockhart,early Permian arkosic sandstone Warcha,and Precambrian Salt Range formations.Trace envelope,instantaneous frequency,and average energy attribute analyses were utilized to resolve the spatial predictions of the subsurface structure,formation extrusion,and reflector continuity.We evaluated the average porosity,permeability,net to gross ratio,water saturation,and hydrocarbon saturation of early Eocene limestone and upper Paleocene limestone based on the qualitative interpretation of well log data.In summary,this integrated study validates 3D stratigraphic structural trends and fault networks,facilitates the residual hydrocarbon potential estimates,and reveals that the Dhulian area has a NE to SW(fold axis)thrust-bounded salt cored anticline structure,which substantiates the presence of tectonic compression.The thrust faults have fold axes trending from ENE to WSW,and the petrophysical analysis shows that the mapped reservoir is of good quality and has essential hydrocarbon potential,which can be exploited economically.展开更多
While the importance of tourist satisfaction has been recognized by academic researchers for at least four decades, adequate tourist satisfaction models have not been developed or validated. This study presents a tour...While the importance of tourist satisfaction has been recognized by academic researchers for at least four decades, adequate tourist satisfaction models have not been developed or validated. This study presents a tourist satisfaction model for a destination and explores the antecedents （tourist expectations, destination image, perceived quality, and perceived value） and the consequences （tourist complaints and tourist loyalty） of tourist satisfaction using Guilin for the case study. Structural equation modeling results support the tourist satisfaction model of tourist expectations, destination image, perceived quality, and perceived value as four key antecedents of tourist satisfaction, with tourist satisfaction having a negative effect on tourist complaints and a positive effect on tourist loyalty. Managerial implications are drawn from the study findings and suggestions are given for future work.展开更多
Purpose:This paper aims to examine how the adoption decision of the internet banking in North Cyprus would be affected based on the following dimensions;the technology features,the personal characteristics,the social ...Purpose:This paper aims to examine how the adoption decision of the internet banking in North Cyprus would be affected based on the following dimensions;the technology features,the personal characteristics,the social environment and the expected risk.Design/methodology/approach:A self-administered survey was conducted with 291 participants responded to it.The partial least square approach of the structural equation modeling(PLS-SEM)is employed to investigate the direct effects of the proposed factors on the adoption decision.Additionally,the mediation test is used to examine indirect effects.Findings:Results showed that even though the participants appreciated the benefits of the online banking as the perceived usefulness factor exerts the greatest direct effect,they would rather use clear and easy-to-use websites,adding to that their assessments of the usefulness of these services are significantly influenced by the surrounding people’s views and prior experience.This is demonstrated by the total effects of the perceived ease of use and the subjective norm factors,which are greater than the direct effect of the perceived usefulness factor since both of these factors have significant direct and indirect effects mediated by the perceived usefulness factor.The negative impact of the perceived risk factor is weak compared to the previous factors.While the personal innovativeness factor showed the weakest effect among the proposed factors.展开更多
This paper describes a structural equation modeling （SEM） analysis of factors influencing architects＇ trust in project design teams. We undertook a survey of architects, during which we distributed 193 questionnair...This paper describes a structural equation modeling （SEM） analysis of factors influencing architects＇ trust in project design teams. We undertook a survey of architects, during which we distributed 193 questionnaires in 29 A-level architectural design institutes selected radomly from the altogether 59 ones in Shenzhen, P. R. China, and received 130 valid questionnaires. We used Amos 6.0 for SEM to identify significant personal construct based factors affecting interpersonal trust. The results show that only social interaction between architects significantly affects their interpersonal trust. The explained variance of trus~ is not very high in the model. Therefore, future research should add more factors into the current model. The practical implication is that team managers should promote the social interactions between team members such that the interpersonal trust level between team members can be improved.展开更多
基金the support of Research Program of Fine Exploration and Surrounding Rock Classification Technology for Deep Buried Long Tunnels Driven by Horizontal Directional Drilling and Magnetotelluric Methods Based on Deep Learning under Grant E202408010the Sichuan Science and Technology Program under Grant 2024NSFSC1984 and Grant 2024NSFSC1990。
文摘Porosity is an important attribute for evaluating the petrophysical properties of reservoirs, and has guiding significance for the exploration and development of oil and gas. The seismic inversion is a key method for comprehensively obtaining the porosity. Deep learning methods provide an intelligent approach to suppress the ambiguity of the conventional inversion method. However, under the trace-bytrace inversion strategy, there is a lack of constraints from geological structural information, resulting in poor lateral continuity of prediction results. In addition, the heterogeneity and the sedimentary variability of subsurface media also lead to uncertainty in intelligent prediction. To achieve fine prediction of porosity, we consider the lateral continuity and variability and propose an improved structural modeling deep learning porosity prediction method. First, we combine well data, waveform attributes, and structural information as constraints to model geophysical parameters, constructing a high-quality training dataset with sedimentary facies-controlled significance. Subsequently, we introduce a gated axial attention mechanism to enhance the features of dataset and design a bidirectional closed-loop network system constrained by inversion and forward processes. The constraint coefficient is adaptively adjusted by the petrophysical information contained between the porosity and impedance in the study area. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the adaptive coefficient through numerical experiments.Finally, we compare the performance differences between the proposed method and conventional deep learning methods using data from two study areas. The proposed method achieves better consistency with the logging porosity, demonstrating the superiority of the proposed method.
文摘Ceramic relief mural is a contemporary landscape art that is carefully designed based on human nature,culture,and architectural wall space,combined with social customs,visual sensibility,and art.It may also become the main axis of ceramic art in the future.Taiwan public ceramic relief murals(PCRM)are most distinctive with the PCRM pioneered by Pan-Hsiung Chu of Meinong Kiln in 1987.In addition to breaking through the limitations of traditional public ceramic murals,Chu leveraged local culture and sensibility.The theme of art gives PCRM its unique style and innovative value throughout the Taiwan region.This study mainly analyzes and understands the design image of public ceramic murals,taking Taiwan PCRM’s design and creation as the scope,and applies STEEP analysis,that is,the social,technological,economic,ecological,and political-legal environments are analyzed as core factors;eight main important factors in the artistic design image of ceramic murals are evaluated.Then,interpretive structural modeling(ISM)is used to establish five levels,analyze the four main problems in the main core factor area and the four main target results in the affected factor area;and analyze the problem points and target points as well as their causal relationships.It is expected to sort out the relationship between these factors,obtain the hierarchical relationship of each factor,and provide a reference basis and research methods.
文摘A unified structural model for high-aspect-ratio composite wing with arbitrary cross-section is developed. Two types of lay-ups of the composite wing, namely, circumferentially uniform stiffness （CUS） configuration and circumferentially asymmetric stiffness （CAS） configuration, are investigated. The present structural modeling method is validated through ANSYS FEM software for the case of a composite box beam. Then, the case of a single-cell composite wing with NACA0012 airfoil shape is considered. To investigate the aeroelastic problem of high-aspect-ratio composite wings, the linear ONERA aerodynamic model is used to model the unsteady aerodynamic loads under the case of small angle of attack. Finally, flutter speeds of the high-aspect-ratio wing with various composite ply angles are determined by using U-g method.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61473026,61104131)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(JD1413)
文摘Alarm flood is one of the main problems in the alarm systems of industrial process. Alarm root-cause analysis and alarm prioritization are good for alarm flood reduction. This paper proposes a systematic rationalization method for multivariate correlated alarms to realize the root cause analysis and alarm prioritization. An information fusion based interpretive structural model is constructed according to the data-driven partial correlation coefficient calculation and process knowledge modification. This hierarchical multi-layer model is helpful in abnormality propagation path identification and root-cause analysis. Revised Likert scale method is adopted to determine the alarm priority and reduce the blindness of alarm handling. As a case study, the Tennessee Eastman process is utilized to show the effectiveness and validity of proposed approach. Alarm system performance comparison shows that our rationalization methodology can reduce the alarm flood to some extent and improve the performance.
文摘The present study focuses on building a workflow for structural interpretation and velocity modeling and implementing to Jurassic-Cretaceous succession （Chiltan Limestone and Massive sand of the Lower Goru Formation）. 2D-Migrated seismic sections of the area are used as data set and in order to confirm the presence of hydrocarbons in the study area, P and S-wave seismic velocities are estimated from single-component seismic data. Some specific issues in the use of seismic data for modeling and hydrocarbon evaluation need to deal with including distinguishing the reservoir and cap rocks, and the effects of faults, folds and presence of hydrocarbons on these rocks. This study has carried out the structural interpretation and modeling of the seismic data for the identification of traps. The results demonstrate existence of appropriate structural traps in the form of horst and grabens in the area. 2D and 3D velocity modeling of the horizons indicates the presence of high velocity zones in the eastern half of the study while relatively low velocity zones are encountered in the western half of the area. Two wells were drilled in the study area （i.e. Fateh-01 and Ichhri-01） and both are dry. Immature hydrocarbons migration is considered as a failure reason for Fateh-01 and Ichhri-01 well.
基金funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82272180)Open Foundation of Key Laboratory of Digital Technology in Medical Diagnostics of Zhejiang Province(SZZD202206)+2 种基金funding from the Sichuan Medical Association Scientific Research Project(S21019)funding from the Key Research and Development Project of Zhejiang Province(2021C03071)funding from Zhejiang Medical and Health Science and Technology Project(2017ZD001)。
文摘Causal inference prevails in the field of laparoscopic surgery.Once the causality between an intervention and outcome is established,the intervention can be applied to a target population to improve clinical outcomes.In many clinical scenarios,interventions are applied longitudinally in response to patients’conditions.Such longitudinal data comprise static variables,such as age,gender,and comorbidities;and dynamic variables,such as the treatment regime,laboratory variables,and vital signs.Some dynamic variables can act as both the confounder and mediator for the effect of an intervention on the outcome;in such cases,simple adjustment with a conventional regression model will bias the effect sizes.To address this,numerous statistical methods are being developed for causal inference;these include,but are not limited to,the structural marginal Cox regression model,dynamic treatment regime,and Cox regression model with time-varying covariates.This technical note provides a gentle introduction to such models and illustrates their use with an example in the field of laparoscopic surgery.
文摘The Sèmè oilfield is located in Benin’s offshore coastal sedimentary basin, near the Benin-Nigeria border, and contains two important oil bearing structures called “Sèmè North” and “Sèmè South”. In this coastal basin, Turonian sandstones of Abeokuta formation (Cenomanian-Turonian to Early Senonian age) form two reservoir units differentiated by two seismic horizons H6 and H6.5. The H6 seismic horizon represents the upper reservoir unit and is the main reservoir from which, more than 22 million barrels of crude oil had previously been produced in Sèmè oilfield. In order to improve knowledge of field petroleum geology, the present study presents the structural features of this upper reservoir unit. The use of Petrel software modules for the integration of 15 wells data, allowed presenting a structural model and illustrative cross sections that precise the geometry and specifying the structural characteristics of this reservoir unit within Sèmè field. The displayed structural architecture shows that the upper Turonian sandstones unit is composed of 11 layers including 7 reservoir layers (A, B, C1, C2, D1, D2, E) and 4 intra-reservoir layers (1, 2, 3 and 4) controlled by faults systems. The model provides basic framework necessary for geological characterization of the reservoir through a static model. The results of this study can be used for petrophysical modeling, Gross Rock Volume (GRV) determination and technical redevelopment of the field.
基金the financial support from the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.9244030)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.72021001,11701023).
文摘The structural modeling of open-high-low-close(OHLC)data contained within the candlestick chart is crucial to financial practice.However,the inherent constraints in OHLC data pose immense challenges to its structural modeling.Models that fail to process these constraints may yield results deviating from those of the original OHLC data structure.To address this issue,a novel unconstrained transformation method,along with its explicit inverse transformation,is proposed to properly handle the inherent constraints of OHLC data.A flexible and effective framework for structurally modeling OHLC data is designed,and the detailed procedure for modeling OHLC data through the vector autoregression and vector error correction model are provided as an example of multivariate time-series analysis.Extensive simulations and three authentic financial datasets from the Kweichow Moutai,CSI 100 index,and 50 ETF of the Chinese stock market demonstrate the effectiveness and stability of the proposed modeling approach.The modeling results of support vector regression provide further evidence that the proposed unconstrained transformation not only ensures structural forecasting of OHLC data but also is an effective feature-extraction method that can effectively improve the forecasting accuracy of machine-learning models for close prices.
文摘With the continuous advancement of education informatization,Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge(TPACK),as a new theoretical framework,provides a novel method for measuring teachers’informatization teaching ability.This study takes normal students of English majors from three ethnic universities as the research object,collects relevant data through questionnaires,and uses structural equation modeling to conduct data analysis and empirical research to investigate the differences in the TPACK levels of these students at different grades and the structural relationships among the elements in the TPACK structure.The technological pedagogical knowledge element of the TPACK structure was not obtained by exploratory factors analysis but through path analysis and structural equation modeling,the results show that the one-dimensional core knowledge of technological knowledge(TK),content knowledge(CK),and pedagogical knowledge(PK)have a positive effect on the two-dimensional interaction knowledge of technological content knowledge(TCK)and pedagogical content knowledge(PCK);furthermore,TCK and PCK have a positive effect on TPACK;and TK,CK,and PK indirectly affect TPACK through TCK and PCK.On this basis,suggestions are provided to ethnic colleges and universities to develop the TPACK knowledge competence of normal students of English majors.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(22073023)Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(242300421134)+1 种基金the Young Backbone Teacher in Colleges and Universities of Henan Province(2021GGJS020)Foundation of State Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drugs。
文摘The acetylpolyamine oxidase(APAO),spermine oxidase(SMO),and spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase(SSAT)are pivotal enzymes in polyamine metabolism,exerting direct influence on polyamine homeostasis regulation.Dysfunctions in these enzymes are intricately linked to inflammatory diseases and cancers.Establishing their three-dimensional structures is essential for exploring enzymatic catalytic mechanisms and designing inhibitors at the atomic level.This article primarily assesses the precision of AlphaFold2 and molecular dynamics simulations in determining the three-dimensional structures of these enzymes,utilizing protein conformation rationality assessment,residue correlation matrix,and other techniques.This provides robust models for subsequent polyamine catabolic metabolism calculations and offers valuable insights for modeling proteins that have yet to acquire crystal structures.
基金the financial support by the Major Research Plan of National Natural Science Foundation of China(92062219)the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by BAST(No.BYESS2023411)+2 种基金the Open Research Project from the State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences(GPMR202407)the Geological Survey Project of the China Geological Survey„General survey of Hadamengou Rock Gold Deposit in Inner Mongolia'(DD20191017)the Geological Survey Project(H90063).
文摘Controversy is ongoing regarding the relationship between ore formation and the structural evolution of the Hadamengou gold deposit.To address this issue,we conducted a comprehensive investigation of mineralization-related structures,geochronology and Fe isotopes.From the perspective of spatial evolution,hydrothermal fluids originating from the Shadegai and Xishadegai plutons have extracted accumulated ore-forming elements from the Wulashan Group(Ar2WL)and then evolved,initiating at Exploration Line 11 and migrating eastwards and westwards along the EW-trending thrust fault system to form orebodies.From the temporal evolution standpoint,the Wulashan Group(Ar_(2)WL)experienced diagenesis(2591.00 Ma to 2204.00 Ma)and metamorphism(2074.00 Ma to 1625.00 Ma)from late Neoarchean to early Paleoproterozoic,when ore-forming materials were initially accumulated;in the early Paleozoic(440.71 Ma to 425.00 Ma),the collision led to the formation of early-stage EW-trending imbricated thrust faults,which established a fundamental structural framework for the orefield and further accumulated ore-forming materials;from the late Paleozoic to the Mesozoic,multiple subsequent episodes of regional tectonic-magmatic-hydrothermal events have superimposed,modified and reactivated the thrust fault system.Notably,the Triassic period,particularly between 245.00 Ma and 217.90 Ma,is considered to be a primary ore-forming stage.In summary,the intricate relationship between ore-formation and structural evolution has been fundamentally elucidated.
基金supported by the 2021 Shandong Province Higher Education Institutions“Youth Innovation Talent Introduction and Cultivation Plan”(Public Health Safety Risk Assessment and Response Innovation Team)National Traditional Chinese Medicine Comprehensive Reform Demonstration Zone Science and Technology Co construction Project(No.GZYKJSSD-2024-106)Research Project of Shandong Educational Supervision Society(No.SDJYDDXH2023-2159).
文摘Dentistry is a profession with a high prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders(WMSDs),with symptoms often appearing very early in one’s career[1].WMSDs are conditions affecting the muscles,bones,and nervous system due to occupational factors.In 2002,the International Labor Organization included musculoskeletal diseases in the International List of Occupational Diseases.China’s recently updated Classification and Catalog of Occupational Diseases has introduced two new categories of occupational illnesses,including occupational musculoskeletal disorders.WMSDs significantly impact the health and work of dentists,reducing their quality of life and causing economic losses.These disorders are multifactorial in nature,influenced by personal,psychosocial,biomechanical,and environmental factors.Dentists frequently maintain static or awkward postures during procedures,which leads to musculoskeletal strain and discomfort;additionally,long working hours contribute to psychological stress,further increasing the risk of WMSDs[2].
文摘This paper outlines a diagnostic approach to quantify the maintainability of a Commercial off-the-Shelf （COTS）-based system by analyzing the complexity of the deployment of the system components. Interpretive Structural Modeling （ISM） is used to demonstrate how ISM supports in identifying and understanding interdependencies among COTS components and how they affect the complexity of the maintenance of the COTS Based System （CBS）. Through ISM analysis we have determined which components in the CBS contribute most significantly to the complexity of the system. With the ISM, architects, system integrators, and system maintainers can isolate the COTS products that cause the most complexity, and therefore cause the most effort to maintain, and take precautions to only change those products when necessary or during major maintenance efforts. The analysis also clearly shows the components that can be easily replaced or upgraded with very little impact on the rest of the system.
文摘Interpretive structural modeling(ISM)is an interactive process in which a malformed(bad structured)problem is structured into a comprehensive systematic model.Yet,despite many advantages that ISM provides,this method has some shortcomings,the most important one of which is its reliance on participants’intuition and judgment.This problem undermines the validity of ISM.To solve this problem and further enhance the ISM method,the present study proposes a method called equation structural modeling(ESM),which draws on the capacities of structural equation modeling(SEM).As such,ESM provides a statistically verifiable framework and provides a graphical,hierarchical and intuitive model.
基金financial supports by the National Natural Science Foundation (51501111, 51131004)the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2016YFE0130200)+1 种基金Science & Technology Committee of Shanghai (14DZ2261200, 1452 0710100 and 14JC14033 00)111 Project (B16032)
文摘Owing to its distinguished mechanical stiffness and strength, graphene has become an ideal reinforcing material in kinds of composite materials. In this work, the graphene（reduced graphene oxide） reinforced aluminum（Al）matrix composites were fabricated by flaky powder metallurgy. Tensile tests of pure Al matrix and graphene/Al composites with bioinspired layered structures are conducted.By means of an independently developed Python-based structural modeling program, three-dimensional microscopic structural models of graphene/Al composites can be established, in which the size, shape, orientation, location and content of graphene can be reconstructed in line with the actual graphene/Al composite structures. Elastoplastic mechanical properties, damaged materials behaviors, grapheneAl interfacial behaviors and reasonable boundary conditions are introduced and applied to perform the simulations. Based on the experimental and numerical tensile behaviors of graphene/Al composites, the effects of graphene morphology,graphene-Al interface, composite configuration and failure behavior within the tensile mechanical deformations of graphene/Al composites can be revealed and indicated, respectively.From the analysis above, a good understanding can be brought to light for the deformation mechanism of graphene/Al composites.
文摘Work injuries in mines are complex and generally characterized by several factors starting from personal to technical and technical to social characteristics.In this paper,investigation was made through the application of structural equation modeling to study the nature of relationships between the influencing/associating personal factors and work injury and their sequential relationships leading towards work injury occurrences in underground coal mines.Six variables namely,rebelliousness,negative affectivity,job boredom,job dissatisfaction and work injury were considered in this study.Instruments were developed to quantify them through a questionnaire survey.Underground mine workers were randomly selected for the survey.Responses from 300 participants were used for the analysis.The structural model of LISREL was used to estimate the interrelationships amongst the variables.The case study results show that negative affectivity and job boredom induce more job dissatisfaction to the workers whereas risk taking attitude of the individual is positively influenced by job dissatisfaction as well as by rebelliousness characteristics of the individual.Finally,risk taking and job dissatisfaction are having positive significant direct relationship with work injury.The findings of this study clearly reveal that rebelliousness,negative affectivity and job boredom are the three key personal factors influencing work related injuries in mines that need to be addressed properly through effective safety programs.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42072326,41772348)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2019YFC1805905,2017YFC0601503).
文摘Surface and deep subsurface geological structural trends,stratigraphic features,and reservoir characteristics play important roles in assessment of hydrocarbon potential.Here,an approach that integrates digital elevation modelling,seismic interpretation,seismic attributes,three-dimensional(3D)geological structural modeling predicated on seismic data interpretation,and petrophysical analysis is presented to visualize and analyze reservoir structural trends and determine residual hydrocarbon potential.The digital elevation model is utilized to provide verifiable predictions of the Dhulian surface structure.Seismic interpretation of synthetic seismograms use two-way time and depth contour models to perform a representative 3D reservoir geological structure evaluation.Based on Petrel structural modeling efficiency,reservoir development indexes,such as the true 3D structural trends,slope,geometry type,depth,and possibility of hydrocarbon prospects,were calculated for the Eocene limestone Chorgali,upper Paleocene limestone Lockhart,early Permian arkosic sandstone Warcha,and Precambrian Salt Range formations.Trace envelope,instantaneous frequency,and average energy attribute analyses were utilized to resolve the spatial predictions of the subsurface structure,formation extrusion,and reflector continuity.We evaluated the average porosity,permeability,net to gross ratio,water saturation,and hydrocarbon saturation of early Eocene limestone and upper Paleocene limestone based on the qualitative interpretation of well log data.In summary,this integrated study validates 3D stratigraphic structural trends and fault networks,facilitates the residual hydrocarbon potential estimates,and reveals that the Dhulian area has a NE to SW(fold axis)thrust-bounded salt cored anticline structure,which substantiates the presence of tectonic compression.The thrust faults have fold axes trending from ENE to WSW,and the petrophysical analysis shows that the mapped reservoir is of good quality and has essential hydrocarbon potential,which can be exploited economically.
文摘While the importance of tourist satisfaction has been recognized by academic researchers for at least four decades, adequate tourist satisfaction models have not been developed or validated. This study presents a tourist satisfaction model for a destination and explores the antecedents （tourist expectations, destination image, perceived quality, and perceived value） and the consequences （tourist complaints and tourist loyalty） of tourist satisfaction using Guilin for the case study. Structural equation modeling results support the tourist satisfaction model of tourist expectations, destination image, perceived quality, and perceived value as four key antecedents of tourist satisfaction, with tourist satisfaction having a negative effect on tourist complaints and a positive effect on tourist loyalty. Managerial implications are drawn from the study findings and suggestions are given for future work.
文摘Purpose:This paper aims to examine how the adoption decision of the internet banking in North Cyprus would be affected based on the following dimensions;the technology features,the personal characteristics,the social environment and the expected risk.Design/methodology/approach:A self-administered survey was conducted with 291 participants responded to it.The partial least square approach of the structural equation modeling(PLS-SEM)is employed to investigate the direct effects of the proposed factors on the adoption decision.Additionally,the mediation test is used to examine indirect effects.Findings:Results showed that even though the participants appreciated the benefits of the online banking as the perceived usefulness factor exerts the greatest direct effect,they would rather use clear and easy-to-use websites,adding to that their assessments of the usefulness of these services are significantly influenced by the surrounding people’s views and prior experience.This is demonstrated by the total effects of the perceived ease of use and the subjective norm factors,which are greater than the direct effect of the perceived usefulness factor since both of these factors have significant direct and indirect effects mediated by the perceived usefulness factor.The negative impact of the perceived risk factor is weak compared to the previous factors.While the personal innovativeness factor showed the weakest effect among the proposed factors.
基金Funded by the R & D Project of the Ministry of Construction of China.
文摘This paper describes a structural equation modeling （SEM） analysis of factors influencing architects＇ trust in project design teams. We undertook a survey of architects, during which we distributed 193 questionnaires in 29 A-level architectural design institutes selected radomly from the altogether 59 ones in Shenzhen, P. R. China, and received 130 valid questionnaires. We used Amos 6.0 for SEM to identify significant personal construct based factors affecting interpersonal trust. The results show that only social interaction between architects significantly affects their interpersonal trust. The explained variance of trus~ is not very high in the model. Therefore, future research should add more factors into the current model. The practical implication is that team managers should promote the social interactions between team members such that the interpersonal trust level between team members can be improved.
