Tunnels are one of the major transportation routes to pass mountains and difficult geological conditions. The behavior of these structures is significantly influenced by rock mass and discontinuities. Orientation of d...Tunnels are one of the major transportation routes to pass mountains and difficult geological conditions. The behavior of these structures is significantly influenced by rock mass and discontinuities. Orientation of discontinuities is one of the most important geometrical parameters affecting discontinuities behavior. The effect of large discontinuities(faults) behavior on a jointed medium around rectangular tunnels is studied. A hybridized indirect boundary element code named TFSDDM(fictitious stress displacement discontinuity method) is used to study the stress distribution around the tunnels excavated in jointed rock masses. The code uses advantages of both fictitious stress and displacement discontinuity methods to analyze discontinuity effects more accurately. Results show that the dip angle of discontinuities has significant effect on stress distribution around the tunnel. It is also shown that increase in the discontinuities dip angle located in the roof will result in decrease in tensile stress of the roof. Stresses reaches to 8 MPa in the roof while due to dilation effect they reach up to 13 MPa.展开更多
Background/Aim: We aimed to investigate the effects of colchicine on clinical recovery, as well as oxidative stress markers and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in whole blood of patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA)...Background/Aim: We aimed to investigate the effects of colchicine on clinical recovery, as well as oxidative stress markers and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in whole blood of patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). Materials and methods: Sixty patients with grade 2 - 3 knee OA according to ACR knee OA criteria whom examination of the knee joint synovial fluid by polarized light microscopy demonstrated CPDD crystals existence were included in the study. Fifty healthy subjects were included as a control group. Patients were divided randomly into two groups. The first group (paracetamol group) was given only paracetamol 3 gr daily p.o and the second group (colchicine and paracetamol group) was given colchicine 1,5 gr and paracetamol 3 gr daily p.o for six months. For outcome measures WOMAC and VAS were used. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT) ezyme activities and Glutathione (GSH) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and TAC all were measured. Results: WOMAC scores were improved in both patient groups compared with pre-treatment evaluation (p 0.05). TAC was signifcantly increased only in colchicine/paracetamol group. Oxidant parameter MDA levels were significantly decreased in both paracetamol group and colchicine/paracetamol group. CAT, SOD enzyme activities and GSH levels did not change before and after treatment protocols in both patient groups. Conclusion: Both paracetamol 3000 mg/day and 3000 mg paracetamol plus 1,5 gr/day colchicine is effective in the treatment of patients with knee osteoarthritis. But the addition of colchicine to paracetamol produced significantly greater symptomatic benefit than paracetamol alone. Our study also showed that colchicine lowers whole blood MDA which is a lipid peroxidation compound and elevates TAC levels in patients with knee OA. This may show probable disease modifying effect of colchicine in knee OA which require further long period laboratory and radiologic investigations.展开更多
A novel model of a load-deflection method to determine the mechanical properties of micromembranes with compressive residual stress is described. Since thin film structures are frequently used in micro devices, charac...A novel model of a load-deflection method to determine the mechanical properties of micromembranes with compressive residual stress is described. Since thin film structures are frequently used in micro devices, characterisation of mechanical properties of thin films is desired by the design and fabrication of micromachines. In this paper, the mechanical properties of thin micromembranes under compressive stress are characterised, which are fabricated by bulk micromachining. The relation between the center deflection and the load pressure on a square membrane is deduced by modelling the membrane as an elastic plate having large deflection with clamped boundaries. According to the model, whether the membrane has initial deflection or not has no effect on the measurement result. The Young's modulus and residual stress are simultaneously determined. The mechanical properties of siliconoxide, silicon nitride membranes and composite membranes of polysilicon with silicon nitride are measured.[展开更多
Hot compression behavior of TiC–Al2O3/Al composites was studied using the Gleeble-1500 system at a temperature range of 300–550 °C and at strain rate range of 0.01–10.00 s-1. The associated structural changes ...Hot compression behavior of TiC–Al2O3/Al composites was studied using the Gleeble-1500 system at a temperature range of 300–550 °C and at strain rate range of 0.01–10.00 s-1. The associated structural changes were studied by TEM observations. The results show that stress level decreases with deformation temperature increasing and strain rate decreasing, which can be represented by a Zener–Hollomon parameter in an exponent-type equation with hot deformation activation energy Q of 172.56 kJ·mol-1.Dynamic recovery occurs easily when strain rates are less than 10.00 s-1. Dynamic recrystallization can occur at strain rate of 10.00 s-1.展开更多
In most universities in China,pronunciation has long been overlooked in college English teaching.With the reform of college English teaching,great attention has been paid to the cultivation of the students' listen...In most universities in China,pronunciation has long been overlooked in college English teaching.With the reform of college English teaching,great attention has been paid to the cultivation of the students' listening and speaking skills,that is,Eng lish teaching has moved to language functions and communicative competencies,a new urgency for the teaching of pronuncia tion has arisen.This paper covers the four areas of pronunciation:sounds,stress,rhythm,and intonation,with the expectation that it will provide readers with comprehensive insight into ways of teaching pronunciation.展开更多
The immune-inflammatory response is associated with increased nitro-oxidative stress.The aim of this mechanistic review is to examine:(a)the role of redox-sensitive transcription factors and enzymes,ROS/RNS production...The immune-inflammatory response is associated with increased nitro-oxidative stress.The aim of this mechanistic review is to examine:(a)the role of redox-sensitive transcription factors and enzymes,ROS/RNS production,and the activity of cellular antioxidants in the activation and performance of macrophages,dendritic cells,neutrophils,T-cells,B-cells,and natural killer cells;(b)the involvement of high-density lipoprotein(HDL),apolipoprotein A1(ApoA1),paraoxonase-1(PON1),and oxidized phospholipids in regulating the immune response;and(c)the detrimental effects of hypernitrosylation and chronic nitro-oxidative stress on the immune response.The redox changes during immune-inflammatory responses are orchestrated by the actions of nuclear factor-κB,HIF1α,the mechanistic target of rapamycin,the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathway,mitogen-activated protein kinases,5'AMP-activated protein kinase,and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor.The performance and survival of individual immune cells is under redox control and depends on intracellular and extracellular levels of ROS/RNS.They are heavily influenced by cellular antioxidants including the glutathione and thioredoxin systems,nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2,and the HDL/ApoA1/PON1 complex.Chronic nitro-oxidative stress and hypernitrosylation inhibit the activity of those antioxidant systems,the tricarboxylic acid cycle,mitochondrial functions,and the metabolism of immune cells.In conclusion,redox-associated mechanisms modulate metabolic reprogramming of immune cells,macrophage and T helper cell polarization,phagocytosis,production of pro-versus anti-inflammatory cytokines,immune training and tolerance,chemotaxis,pathogen sensing,antiviral and antibacterial effects,Toll-like receptor activity,and endotoxin tolerance.展开更多
3.Administration of precursors and chemicals used in production of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances To perform the commitments stipulated in the "United Nations Convention against Il-licit Traffic in Na...3.Administration of precursors and chemicals used in production of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances To perform the commitments stipulated in the "United Nations Convention against Il-licit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psycho-tropic Substances",strengthen the adminis-tration of precursors and chemicals used inproduction of narcotic drugs and psychotro-展开更多
Air Liquide announced the revenue for thefirst half of 2009 reduced slightly by 6.8%,to Euro 5.937 billion, half of which is at-tributable to the decline in natural gas prices.The net profit was Euro 596 million, al-m...Air Liquide announced the revenue for thefirst half of 2009 reduced slightly by 6.8%,to Euro 5.937 billion, half of which is at-tributable to the decline in natural gas prices.The net profit was Euro 596 million, al-most at the same level as the first half2008.展开更多
Sinopec and MCC Form StrategicBusiness PartnershipChina Petroleum and Chemical Corporation(Sinopec Corp.)andMitsubishi Chemical Corporation(MCC)signed a basic agreement toestablish a strategic business partnership on ...Sinopec and MCC Form StrategicBusiness PartnershipChina Petroleum and Chemical Corporation(Sinopec Corp.)andMitsubishi Chemical Corporation(MCC)signed a basic agreement toestablish a strategic business partnership on April 14th.The goal of thepartnership is to use respective advantages in technologies,market,andmaterials,and further strengthen ties between the two parties to speedup business activities.展开更多
文摘Tunnels are one of the major transportation routes to pass mountains and difficult geological conditions. The behavior of these structures is significantly influenced by rock mass and discontinuities. Orientation of discontinuities is one of the most important geometrical parameters affecting discontinuities behavior. The effect of large discontinuities(faults) behavior on a jointed medium around rectangular tunnels is studied. A hybridized indirect boundary element code named TFSDDM(fictitious stress displacement discontinuity method) is used to study the stress distribution around the tunnels excavated in jointed rock masses. The code uses advantages of both fictitious stress and displacement discontinuity methods to analyze discontinuity effects more accurately. Results show that the dip angle of discontinuities has significant effect on stress distribution around the tunnel. It is also shown that increase in the discontinuities dip angle located in the roof will result in decrease in tensile stress of the roof. Stresses reaches to 8 MPa in the roof while due to dilation effect they reach up to 13 MPa.
基金funded by Yuzuncu Yil University Science Researchs Supporting Agency
文摘Background/Aim: We aimed to investigate the effects of colchicine on clinical recovery, as well as oxidative stress markers and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in whole blood of patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). Materials and methods: Sixty patients with grade 2 - 3 knee OA according to ACR knee OA criteria whom examination of the knee joint synovial fluid by polarized light microscopy demonstrated CPDD crystals existence were included in the study. Fifty healthy subjects were included as a control group. Patients were divided randomly into two groups. The first group (paracetamol group) was given only paracetamol 3 gr daily p.o and the second group (colchicine and paracetamol group) was given colchicine 1,5 gr and paracetamol 3 gr daily p.o for six months. For outcome measures WOMAC and VAS were used. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT) ezyme activities and Glutathione (GSH) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and TAC all were measured. Results: WOMAC scores were improved in both patient groups compared with pre-treatment evaluation (p 0.05). TAC was signifcantly increased only in colchicine/paracetamol group. Oxidant parameter MDA levels were significantly decreased in both paracetamol group and colchicine/paracetamol group. CAT, SOD enzyme activities and GSH levels did not change before and after treatment protocols in both patient groups. Conclusion: Both paracetamol 3000 mg/day and 3000 mg paracetamol plus 1,5 gr/day colchicine is effective in the treatment of patients with knee osteoarthritis. But the addition of colchicine to paracetamol produced significantly greater symptomatic benefit than paracetamol alone. Our study also showed that colchicine lowers whole blood MDA which is a lipid peroxidation compound and elevates TAC levels in patients with knee OA. This may show probable disease modifying effect of colchicine in knee OA which require further long period laboratory and radiologic investigations.
基金the National Natural Science Foundationof China(No.59305046 and 29833070)
文摘A novel model of a load-deflection method to determine the mechanical properties of micromembranes with compressive residual stress is described. Since thin film structures are frequently used in micro devices, characterisation of mechanical properties of thin films is desired by the design and fabrication of micromachines. In this paper, the mechanical properties of thin micromembranes under compressive stress are characterised, which are fabricated by bulk micromachining. The relation between the center deflection and the load pressure on a square membrane is deduced by modelling the membrane as an elastic plate having large deflection with clamped boundaries. According to the model, whether the membrane has initial deflection or not has no effect on the measurement result. The Young's modulus and residual stress are simultaneously determined. The mechanical properties of siliconoxide, silicon nitride membranes and composite membranes of polysilicon with silicon nitride are measured.[
基金financially supported by the Inner Mongolia Science and Technology Reward Foundation(No.20101707)the Inner Mongolia Natural Science Foundation(No.2013MS0804)+1 种基金the Inner Mongolia High School Scientific Research Foundation(No.NJZZ14056)the Inner Mongolia University of Technology Foundation(No.ZD20120015)
文摘Hot compression behavior of TiC–Al2O3/Al composites was studied using the Gleeble-1500 system at a temperature range of 300–550 °C and at strain rate range of 0.01–10.00 s-1. The associated structural changes were studied by TEM observations. The results show that stress level decreases with deformation temperature increasing and strain rate decreasing, which can be represented by a Zener–Hollomon parameter in an exponent-type equation with hot deformation activation energy Q of 172.56 kJ·mol-1.Dynamic recovery occurs easily when strain rates are less than 10.00 s-1. Dynamic recrystallization can occur at strain rate of 10.00 s-1.
文摘In most universities in China,pronunciation has long been overlooked in college English teaching.With the reform of college English teaching,great attention has been paid to the cultivation of the students' listening and speaking skills,that is,Eng lish teaching has moved to language functions and communicative competencies,a new urgency for the teaching of pronuncia tion has arisen.This paper covers the four areas of pronunciation:sounds,stress,rhythm,and intonation,with the expectation that it will provide readers with comprehensive insight into ways of teaching pronunciation.
文摘The immune-inflammatory response is associated with increased nitro-oxidative stress.The aim of this mechanistic review is to examine:(a)the role of redox-sensitive transcription factors and enzymes,ROS/RNS production,and the activity of cellular antioxidants in the activation and performance of macrophages,dendritic cells,neutrophils,T-cells,B-cells,and natural killer cells;(b)the involvement of high-density lipoprotein(HDL),apolipoprotein A1(ApoA1),paraoxonase-1(PON1),and oxidized phospholipids in regulating the immune response;and(c)the detrimental effects of hypernitrosylation and chronic nitro-oxidative stress on the immune response.The redox changes during immune-inflammatory responses are orchestrated by the actions of nuclear factor-κB,HIF1α,the mechanistic target of rapamycin,the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathway,mitogen-activated protein kinases,5'AMP-activated protein kinase,and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor.The performance and survival of individual immune cells is under redox control and depends on intracellular and extracellular levels of ROS/RNS.They are heavily influenced by cellular antioxidants including the glutathione and thioredoxin systems,nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2,and the HDL/ApoA1/PON1 complex.Chronic nitro-oxidative stress and hypernitrosylation inhibit the activity of those antioxidant systems,the tricarboxylic acid cycle,mitochondrial functions,and the metabolism of immune cells.In conclusion,redox-associated mechanisms modulate metabolic reprogramming of immune cells,macrophage and T helper cell polarization,phagocytosis,production of pro-versus anti-inflammatory cytokines,immune training and tolerance,chemotaxis,pathogen sensing,antiviral and antibacterial effects,Toll-like receptor activity,and endotoxin tolerance.
文摘3.Administration of precursors and chemicals used in production of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances To perform the commitments stipulated in the "United Nations Convention against Il-licit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psycho-tropic Substances",strengthen the adminis-tration of precursors and chemicals used inproduction of narcotic drugs and psychotro-
文摘Air Liquide announced the revenue for thefirst half of 2009 reduced slightly by 6.8%,to Euro 5.937 billion, half of which is at-tributable to the decline in natural gas prices.The net profit was Euro 596 million, al-most at the same level as the first half2008.
文摘Sinopec and MCC Form StrategicBusiness PartnershipChina Petroleum and Chemical Corporation(Sinopec Corp.)andMitsubishi Chemical Corporation(MCC)signed a basic agreement toestablish a strategic business partnership on April 14th.The goal of thepartnership is to use respective advantages in technologies,market,andmaterials,and further strengthen ties between the two parties to speedup business activities.
