Tunnels are one of the major transportation routes to pass mountains and difficult geological conditions. The behavior of these structures is significantly influenced by rock mass and discontinuities. Orientation of d...Tunnels are one of the major transportation routes to pass mountains and difficult geological conditions. The behavior of these structures is significantly influenced by rock mass and discontinuities. Orientation of discontinuities is one of the most important geometrical parameters affecting discontinuities behavior. The effect of large discontinuities(faults) behavior on a jointed medium around rectangular tunnels is studied. A hybridized indirect boundary element code named TFSDDM(fictitious stress displacement discontinuity method) is used to study the stress distribution around the tunnels excavated in jointed rock masses. The code uses advantages of both fictitious stress and displacement discontinuity methods to analyze discontinuity effects more accurately. Results show that the dip angle of discontinuities has significant effect on stress distribution around the tunnel. It is also shown that increase in the discontinuities dip angle located in the roof will result in decrease in tensile stress of the roof. Stresses reaches to 8 MPa in the roof while due to dilation effect they reach up to 13 MPa.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the mechanism of endoplasmic reticulum(ER) stress induction by an occult infection related hepatitis B virus S surface antigen(HBsAg)variant.METHODS: We used an HBsAg variant with lower secretion c...AIM: To investigate the mechanism of endoplasmic reticulum(ER) stress induction by an occult infection related hepatitis B virus S surface antigen(HBsAg)variant.METHODS: We used an HBsAg variant with lower secretion capacity, which was a KD variant from a Korean subject who was occultly infected with the genotype C. We compared the expression profiles of ER stress-related proteins between HuH-7 cells transfected with HBsAg plasmids of a wild-type and a KD variant using Western blot.RESULTS: Confocal microscopy indicated that the KD variant had higher levels of co-localization with ER than the wild-type HBsAg. The KD variant upregulated ER stress-related proteins and induced reactive oxygen species(ROS) compared to the wildtype via an increase in calcium. The KD variant also down-regulated anti-oxidant proteins(HO-1, catalase and SOD) compared to the wild-type, which indicates positive amplification loops of the ER-ROS axis. The KD variant also induced apoptotic cell death via the upregulation of caspase proteins(caspase 6, 9 and 12).Furthermore, the KD variant induced a higher level of nitric oxide than wild-type HBsAg via the up-regulation of the iNOS protein.CONCLUSION: Our data indicate that occult infection related HBsAg variants can lead to ER-derived oxidative stress and liver cell death in HuH-7 cells.展开更多
Background/Aim: We aimed to investigate the effects of colchicine on clinical recovery, as well as oxidative stress markers and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in whole blood of patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA)...Background/Aim: We aimed to investigate the effects of colchicine on clinical recovery, as well as oxidative stress markers and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in whole blood of patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). Materials and methods: Sixty patients with grade 2 - 3 knee OA according to ACR knee OA criteria whom examination of the knee joint synovial fluid by polarized light microscopy demonstrated CPDD crystals existence were included in the study. Fifty healthy subjects were included as a control group. Patients were divided randomly into two groups. The first group (paracetamol group) was given only paracetamol 3 gr daily p.o and the second group (colchicine and paracetamol group) was given colchicine 1,5 gr and paracetamol 3 gr daily p.o for six months. For outcome measures WOMAC and VAS were used. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT) ezyme activities and Glutathione (GSH) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and TAC all were measured. Results: WOMAC scores were improved in both patient groups compared with pre-treatment evaluation (p 0.05). TAC was signifcantly increased only in colchicine/paracetamol group. Oxidant parameter MDA levels were significantly decreased in both paracetamol group and colchicine/paracetamol group. CAT, SOD enzyme activities and GSH levels did not change before and after treatment protocols in both patient groups. Conclusion: Both paracetamol 3000 mg/day and 3000 mg paracetamol plus 1,5 gr/day colchicine is effective in the treatment of patients with knee osteoarthritis. But the addition of colchicine to paracetamol produced significantly greater symptomatic benefit than paracetamol alone. Our study also showed that colchicine lowers whole blood MDA which is a lipid peroxidation compound and elevates TAC levels in patients with knee OA. This may show probable disease modifying effect of colchicine in knee OA which require further long period laboratory and radiologic investigations.展开更多
A novel model of a load-deflection method to determine the mechanical properties of micromembranes with compressive residual stress is described. Since thin film structures are frequently used in micro devices, charac...A novel model of a load-deflection method to determine the mechanical properties of micromembranes with compressive residual stress is described. Since thin film structures are frequently used in micro devices, characterisation of mechanical properties of thin films is desired by the design and fabrication of micromachines. In this paper, the mechanical properties of thin micromembranes under compressive stress are characterised, which are fabricated by bulk micromachining. The relation between the center deflection and the load pressure on a square membrane is deduced by modelling the membrane as an elastic plate having large deflection with clamped boundaries. According to the model, whether the membrane has initial deflection or not has no effect on the measurement result. The Young's modulus and residual stress are simultaneously determined. The mechanical properties of siliconoxide, silicon nitride membranes and composite membranes of polysilicon with silicon nitride are measured.[展开更多
Neonatal rats were injected with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) for chemical sympa-thectomy. The rats were treated with restraint stress when they grew up to 56 d. It has been found that the generation of immunosuppressiv...Neonatal rats were injected with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) for chemical sympa-thectomy. The rats were treated with restraint stress when they grew up to 56 d. It has been found that the generation of immunosuppressive protein of stress (ISPS) is significantly reduced, suggesting that peripheral sympathetic nerve plays an important role in mediating the generation of ISPS.展开更多
In most universities in China,pronunciation has long been overlooked in college English teaching.With the reform of college English teaching,great attention has been paid to the cultivation of the students' listen...In most universities in China,pronunciation has long been overlooked in college English teaching.With the reform of college English teaching,great attention has been paid to the cultivation of the students' listening and speaking skills,that is,Eng lish teaching has moved to language functions and communicative competencies,a new urgency for the teaching of pronuncia tion has arisen.This paper covers the four areas of pronunciation:sounds,stress,rhythm,and intonation,with the expectation that it will provide readers with comprehensive insight into ways of teaching pronunciation.展开更多
文摘Tunnels are one of the major transportation routes to pass mountains and difficult geological conditions. The behavior of these structures is significantly influenced by rock mass and discontinuities. Orientation of discontinuities is one of the most important geometrical parameters affecting discontinuities behavior. The effect of large discontinuities(faults) behavior on a jointed medium around rectangular tunnels is studied. A hybridized indirect boundary element code named TFSDDM(fictitious stress displacement discontinuity method) is used to study the stress distribution around the tunnels excavated in jointed rock masses. The code uses advantages of both fictitious stress and displacement discontinuity methods to analyze discontinuity effects more accurately. Results show that the dip angle of discontinuities has significant effect on stress distribution around the tunnel. It is also shown that increase in the discontinuities dip angle located in the roof will result in decrease in tensile stress of the roof. Stresses reaches to 8 MPa in the roof while due to dilation effect they reach up to 13 MPa.
基金Supported by National Research Foundation of Korea grant funded by the Korea government(MEST),No.2013-005810
文摘AIM: To investigate the mechanism of endoplasmic reticulum(ER) stress induction by an occult infection related hepatitis B virus S surface antigen(HBsAg)variant.METHODS: We used an HBsAg variant with lower secretion capacity, which was a KD variant from a Korean subject who was occultly infected with the genotype C. We compared the expression profiles of ER stress-related proteins between HuH-7 cells transfected with HBsAg plasmids of a wild-type and a KD variant using Western blot.RESULTS: Confocal microscopy indicated that the KD variant had higher levels of co-localization with ER than the wild-type HBsAg. The KD variant upregulated ER stress-related proteins and induced reactive oxygen species(ROS) compared to the wildtype via an increase in calcium. The KD variant also down-regulated anti-oxidant proteins(HO-1, catalase and SOD) compared to the wild-type, which indicates positive amplification loops of the ER-ROS axis. The KD variant also induced apoptotic cell death via the upregulation of caspase proteins(caspase 6, 9 and 12).Furthermore, the KD variant induced a higher level of nitric oxide than wild-type HBsAg via the up-regulation of the iNOS protein.CONCLUSION: Our data indicate that occult infection related HBsAg variants can lead to ER-derived oxidative stress and liver cell death in HuH-7 cells.
基金funded by Yuzuncu Yil University Science Researchs Supporting Agency
文摘Background/Aim: We aimed to investigate the effects of colchicine on clinical recovery, as well as oxidative stress markers and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in whole blood of patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). Materials and methods: Sixty patients with grade 2 - 3 knee OA according to ACR knee OA criteria whom examination of the knee joint synovial fluid by polarized light microscopy demonstrated CPDD crystals existence were included in the study. Fifty healthy subjects were included as a control group. Patients were divided randomly into two groups. The first group (paracetamol group) was given only paracetamol 3 gr daily p.o and the second group (colchicine and paracetamol group) was given colchicine 1,5 gr and paracetamol 3 gr daily p.o for six months. For outcome measures WOMAC and VAS were used. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT) ezyme activities and Glutathione (GSH) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and TAC all were measured. Results: WOMAC scores were improved in both patient groups compared with pre-treatment evaluation (p 0.05). TAC was signifcantly increased only in colchicine/paracetamol group. Oxidant parameter MDA levels were significantly decreased in both paracetamol group and colchicine/paracetamol group. CAT, SOD enzyme activities and GSH levels did not change before and after treatment protocols in both patient groups. Conclusion: Both paracetamol 3000 mg/day and 3000 mg paracetamol plus 1,5 gr/day colchicine is effective in the treatment of patients with knee osteoarthritis. But the addition of colchicine to paracetamol produced significantly greater symptomatic benefit than paracetamol alone. Our study also showed that colchicine lowers whole blood MDA which is a lipid peroxidation compound and elevates TAC levels in patients with knee OA. This may show probable disease modifying effect of colchicine in knee OA which require further long period laboratory and radiologic investigations.
基金the National Natural Science Foundationof China(No.59305046 and 29833070)
文摘A novel model of a load-deflection method to determine the mechanical properties of micromembranes with compressive residual stress is described. Since thin film structures are frequently used in micro devices, characterisation of mechanical properties of thin films is desired by the design and fabrication of micromachines. In this paper, the mechanical properties of thin micromembranes under compressive stress are characterised, which are fabricated by bulk micromachining. The relation between the center deflection and the load pressure on a square membrane is deduced by modelling the membrane as an elastic plate having large deflection with clamped boundaries. According to the model, whether the membrane has initial deflection or not has no effect on the measurement result. The Young's modulus and residual stress are simultaneously determined. The mechanical properties of siliconoxide, silicon nitride membranes and composite membranes of polysilicon with silicon nitride are measured.[
文摘Neonatal rats were injected with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) for chemical sympa-thectomy. The rats were treated with restraint stress when they grew up to 56 d. It has been found that the generation of immunosuppressive protein of stress (ISPS) is significantly reduced, suggesting that peripheral sympathetic nerve plays an important role in mediating the generation of ISPS.
文摘In most universities in China,pronunciation has long been overlooked in college English teaching.With the reform of college English teaching,great attention has been paid to the cultivation of the students' listening and speaking skills,that is,Eng lish teaching has moved to language functions and communicative competencies,a new urgency for the teaching of pronuncia tion has arisen.This paper covers the four areas of pronunciation:sounds,stress,rhythm,and intonation,with the expectation that it will provide readers with comprehensive insight into ways of teaching pronunciation.
