Flavonoids are one of the principal bioactive components in Salix songarica flowers(S.songarica'H'),and drying is critical for their preservation.To address this knowledge gap and identify the optimal processi...Flavonoids are one of the principal bioactive components in Salix songarica flowers(S.songarica'H'),and drying is critical for their preservation.To address this knowledge gap and identify the optimal processing strategy,four drying methods-freeze-drying(FD),vacuum microwave drying(WD),natural drying(ND),and hot-air drying(HD)-were systematically compared using UHPLC-MS/MS-based targeted metabolomics.A total of 673 flavonoid compounds were identified.FD most effectively preserved total flavonoid content and in vitro antioxidant capacity(DPPH,ABTS^(+),FRAP),with a strong positive correlation observed between them.Comparative analyses revealed 55,95,and 67 differentially accumulated metabolites(DAMs)in the FD vs.WD,FD vs.ND,and FD vs.HD groups,respectively;these DAMs were mainly enriched in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway.Notably,FD maintained the integrity of the flavonoid metabolic network under low-temperature,oxygen-limited conditions,thereby optimally preserving the phytochemical quality of S.songarica'H'.This study provides the first metabolomic evidence to guide the optimization of drying processes for this distinctive botanical resource.展开更多
基金supported by the Young Elite Program Project under the Shihezi University Research Program(Grant No.BJZK202404).
文摘Flavonoids are one of the principal bioactive components in Salix songarica flowers(S.songarica'H'),and drying is critical for their preservation.To address this knowledge gap and identify the optimal processing strategy,four drying methods-freeze-drying(FD),vacuum microwave drying(WD),natural drying(ND),and hot-air drying(HD)-were systematically compared using UHPLC-MS/MS-based targeted metabolomics.A total of 673 flavonoid compounds were identified.FD most effectively preserved total flavonoid content and in vitro antioxidant capacity(DPPH,ABTS^(+),FRAP),with a strong positive correlation observed between them.Comparative analyses revealed 55,95,and 67 differentially accumulated metabolites(DAMs)in the FD vs.WD,FD vs.ND,and FD vs.HD groups,respectively;these DAMs were mainly enriched in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway.Notably,FD maintained the integrity of the flavonoid metabolic network under low-temperature,oxygen-limited conditions,thereby optimally preserving the phytochemical quality of S.songarica'H'.This study provides the first metabolomic evidence to guide the optimization of drying processes for this distinctive botanical resource.
