Bacterial contamination and marine biofouling are directly or indirectly impacting the economy,environment,and human health worldwide.Photocatalytic sterilization and antifouling technology is an effective method to p...Bacterial contamination and marine biofouling are directly or indirectly impacting the economy,environment,and human health worldwide.Photocatalytic sterilization and antifouling technology is an effective method to prevent microbial contamination and corrosion.Due to its eco-friendly nature,broad-spectrum bactericidal properties,and high efficiency,this method has recently received much attention.In this review,we have comprehensively discussed the photoinduced charge carriers transfer,main reactive oxygen species(ROS),the interactions among photocatalysts and microorganisms,as well as various antibacterial mechanisms such as oxidative stress,physical/mechanical destruction,photothermal effect,piezoelectric field effect,and triboelectric field.Different types of semiconductors,including TiO_(2),ZnO,CeO_(2),Cu-based semiconductors,Bi-based semiconductors,Ag-based semiconductors,g-C_(3)N_(4),MOF,and containing phosphorus photocatalysts are summarized in photocatalytic sterilization and antifouling activity.Besides,various improvement methods including morphological control,crystallizing,doping engineering,loading cocatalyst,and constructing heterojunction are discussed.Furthermore,a strategy for dramatically improving practice applications is proposed for the possibility of further antifouling applications.Challenges and prospects for the photocatalytic sterilization and antifouling method are also discussed to highlight design considerations.展开更多
As globalization accelerates,microbial contamination in the built environment poses a major public health challenge.Especially since Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19),microbial sterilization technology has become a ...As globalization accelerates,microbial contamination in the built environment poses a major public health challenge.Especially since Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19),microbial sterilization technology has become a crucial research area for indoor air pollution control in order to create a hygienic and safe built environment.Based on this,the study reviews sterilization technologies in the built environment,focusing on the principles,efficiency and applicability,revealing advantages and limitations,and summarizing current research advances.Despite the efficacy of single sterilization technologies in specific environments,the corresponding side effects still exist.Thus,this review highlights the efficiency of hybrid sterilization technologies,providing an in-depth understanding of the practical application in the built environment.Also,it presents an outlook on the future direction of sterilization technology,including the development of new methods that are more efficient,energy-saving,and targeted to better address microbial contamination in the complex and changing built environment.Overall,this study provides a clear guide for selecting technologies to handle microbial contamination in different building environments in the future,as well as a scientific basis for developing more effective air quality control strategies.展开更多
This study examined the effects of pasteurization(PAS),ultrasonic sterilization(ULS),and microwave sterilization(MWS)on the quality and storage characteristics of brine-fermented tofu(BFT)and fermented tofu(FT).Compar...This study examined the effects of pasteurization(PAS),ultrasonic sterilization(ULS),and microwave sterilization(MWS)on the quality and storage characteristics of brine-fermented tofu(BFT)and fermented tofu(FT).Comparative analysis revealed that MWS had a negligible detrimental effect on the structural integrity and organoleptic properties of BFT and FT,while effectively maintaining its water-holding capacity(WHC)and exhibiting the least impact on its texture.In contrast,PAS and ULS increased hardness and chewiness significantly(P<0.05),but ULS also enhanced the brightness of tofu.Throughout the storage period,the WHC,elasticity,and sensory properties of tofu generally decreased,whereas the hardness and chewiness increased.PAS-BFT and MWS-FT maintained sensory quality for the longest periods of 14 and 12 days respectively,and could be decomposed to more small molecule peptides within 0–8 days and 0–6 days,which are more easily to be absorbed by the body.The findings discovered that MWS is the most suitable method for sterilization of tofu,with superior capability in maintaining the quality,extending shelf life,and improving digestibility of tofu.展开更多
Photocatalytic disinfection is an eco-friendly strategy for countering bacterial pollution in aquatic environments.Numerous strategies have been devised to facilitate the generation of reactive oxygen species(ROS)with...Photocatalytic disinfection is an eco-friendly strategy for countering bacterial pollution in aquatic environments.Numerous strategies have been devised to facilitate the generation of reactive oxygen species(ROS)within photocatalysts,ultimately leading to the eradication of bacteria.However,the significance of the physical morphology of photocatalysts in the context of sterilization is frequently obscured,and the progress in the development of physical-chemical synergistic sterilization photocatalysts has been relatively limited.Herein,graphitic carbon nitride(g-C_(3)N_(4))is chemically protonated to expose more sharp edges.PL fluorescence and EIS results indicate that the protonation can accelerate photogenerated carrier separation and enhance ROS production.Meanwhile,the sharp edges on the protonated g-C_(3)N_(4)facilitate the physical disruption of cell walls for further promoting oxidative damage.Protonated C_(3)N_(4)demonstrated superior bactericidal performance than that of pristine g-C_(3)N_(4),effectively eliminating Escherichia coli within 40 minutes under irradiation.This work highlights the significance of incorporating physical and chemical synergies in photocatalyst design to enhance the disinfection efficiency of photocatalysis.展开更多
Mercury ions(Hg^(2+))and bacteria are widely spread in water pollution and pose a great threat to human health and the environment.Herein,a multifunctional COF Dmta Tph with significant Hg^(2+)adsorption capability an...Mercury ions(Hg^(2+))and bacteria are widely spread in water pollution and pose a great threat to human health and the environment.Herein,a multifunctional COF Dmta Tph with significant Hg^(2+)adsorption capability and continuous sunlight-driven sterilization property is designed and synthesized by introducing thioether and photosensitive porphyrin in a single molecule.The obtained COF displays a high Hg^(2+)adsorption capacity of 657.9 mg/g at 298 K and a superior antibacterial effect toward Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus under sunlight irradiation.Mechanistic studies reveal that the strong coordination between S species and Hg^(2+)is the main driving force for high Hg^(2+)adsorption capability.The sterilization mechanism clarifies that the inactivation of bacteria is caused by1O_(2)produced from Dmta Tph with the assistance of light irradiation.Noteworthy,when Dmta Tph is applied in the treatment of wastewater,it displays high Hg^(2+)removal efficiency and remarkable antibacterial effect under complex conditions.This study has demonstrated a promising strategy for designing multifunctional COF-based materials,offering great potential in tackling the problem of heavy metal ions and bacteria pollution in water.展开更多
Direct comparison of the difference in biomass between live and sterilized soils may result in deviations in biological plant-soil feedback(B-PSF)due to changes induced by sterilization in bulk soil microorganisms,soi...Direct comparison of the difference in biomass between live and sterilized soils may result in deviations in biological plant-soil feedback(B-PSF)due to changes induced by sterilization in bulk soil microorganisms,soil structure,and nutrient availability.The sterilization-induced deviation(sterilization-effect,SS_(c))to often-used method B-PSF_(ou) was corrected by adding a parallel experiment without conditioning by any plants(B-PSF_(c)).Plant-soil feedback experiments were conducted for two plants with contrasting in root traits and rhizosphere microbial community to test the reliability of the method(Kalidium foliatum and Reaumuria songaric).The specific root length(SRL),root tissue density(RTD)and of R.songarica was higher compared to that of K.foliatum,but the root diameter(RAD)of it was significantly lower than that of K.foliatum.The plasticity of root traits of K.foliatum was stronger than that of R.songarica.The B-PSF_(ou) of K.foliatum was four times negative than B-PSF_(c),whereas there was no statistically significant difference of B-PSF_(ou) and B-PSF_(c) for R.songarica.The correlation between B-PSF_(c) and the relative abundance of pathogens and EcMF was found to be stronger compared to B-PSF_(ou).We proposed method corrects the deviation in B-PSF.The variation of deviation between species may be related to root traits.展开更多
High-concentration single-atom doping remains a formidable challenge due to the propensity for single atoms to form clusters or aggregate at elevated concentrations.Herein,high-concentration (10.8 wt%) Zn singleatom-d...High-concentration single-atom doping remains a formidable challenge due to the propensity for single atoms to form clusters or aggregate at elevated concentrations.Herein,high-concentration (10.8 wt%) Zn singleatom-doped porous tubular g-C_(3)N_(4)(ZCN) was successfully obtained via a template-free,one-step calcination method,exhibiting excellent photocatalytic performance.The confinement of the pore walls suppresses the Zn atom'smigration and aggregation,enhancing the Zn single-atom stability.ZCN exhibited excellent photodegradation performance against tetracycline with outstanding stability.Moreover,ZCN displayed remarkable sterilization performance,achieving a 100%inactivation of Staphylococcus aureus within 90 min of visible-light exposure.Density functional theory calculations demonstrated that the Zn single-atom sites act as pivotal photocatalytic active sites,with the presence of Zn single atoms notably augmenting charge separation efficiency.This work provides a novel approach for managing photocatalytic efficiency through enlarging single-atom doping,offering an avenue for pollutant photodegradation and sterilization.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to study the explants sterilization and callus induction of Aquilegia oxysepala.[Method] the seeds of Aquilegia oxysepala were sterilized by different kinds and concentrations of disinfectants,...[Objective] The aim was to study the explants sterilization and callus induction of Aquilegia oxysepala.[Method] the seeds of Aquilegia oxysepala were sterilized by different kinds and concentrations of disinfectants,and the pollution rate and pollution speed were investigated so as to find the best way to build sterile seedling setup.Taking the roots,stem segments and leaves of the sterile seedlings from Aquilegia oxysepala seeds as explants,the optimum explants and medium were screened by adding MS basic medium with different hormone proportions.[Result] The best germicidal treatment was as follows：explants were soaked in 75% alcohol for 30 s firstly,washed by sterile water for 5 times,then soaked in 0.2% mercuric chloride liquid for 2 min,finally washed by sterile water for 5 times again.The sterilization treatment could get the lowest pollution rate,the highest germinating capacity and the best sterile seedling.Roots were the optimum explants for the callus induction of Aquilegia oxysepala,meanwhile the optimal medium was MS＋0.6 mg/L 2,4-D＋0.5 mg/L 6-BA.[Conclusion] The research provides technical support for the large scale production of Aquilegia oxysepala and also makes a contribution to the medicinal and ornamental value of Aquilegia oxysepala.展开更多
This paper reviewed the latest progress on the sterilization technology of medicinal flowers, and briefly introduced its principle and application. Compared with the traditional chemical sterilization and autoclave st...This paper reviewed the latest progress on the sterilization technology of medicinal flowers, and briefly introduced its principle and application. Compared with the traditional chemical sterilization and autoclave sterilization techniques, irradiation sterilization, light radiation sterilization and gas sterilization own their unique advan- tages for different drugs sterilization requirements, which are worth further promotion.展开更多
Tissue substitutes are required in a number of clinical conditions for treatment of injured and diseased tissues.Tissues like bone,skin,amniotic membrane and soft tissues obtained from human donor can be used for repa...Tissue substitutes are required in a number of clinical conditions for treatment of injured and diseased tissues.Tissues like bone,skin,amniotic membrane and soft tissues obtained from human donor can be used for repair or reconstruction of the injured part of the body.Allograft tissues from human donor provide an excellent alternative to autografts.However,major concern with the use of allografts is the risk of infectious disease transmission.Therefore,tissue allografts should be sterilized to make them safe for clinical use.Gamma radiation has several advantages and is the most suitable method for sterilization of biological tissues.This review summarizes the use of gamma irradiation technology as an effective method for sterilization of biological tissues and ensuring safety of tissue allografts.展开更多
The daily life of people in the intelligent age is inseparable from electronic device,and a number of bacteria on touch screens are increasingly threatening the health of users.Herein,a photocatalytic TiO_(2)/Ag thin ...The daily life of people in the intelligent age is inseparable from electronic device,and a number of bacteria on touch screens are increasingly threatening the health of users.Herein,a photocatalytic TiO_(2)/Ag thin film was synthesized on a glass by atomic layer deposition and subsequent in situ reduction.Ultraviolet-visible(UV-Vis)spectra showed that this film can harvest the simulated solar light more efficiently than that of pristine TiO_(2).The antibacterial tests in vitro showed that the antibacterial efficiency of the TiO_(2)/Ag film against S.aureus and E.coli was 98.2%and 98.6%,under visible light irradiation for 5 min.The underlying mechanism was that the in-situ reduction of Ag on the surface of TiO_(2)reduced the bandgap of TiO_(2)from 3.44 to 2.61 eV due to the formation of Schottky heterojunction at the interface between TiO_(2)and Ag.Thus,TiO_(2)/Ag can generate more reactive oxygen species for bacterial inactivation on the surface of electronic screens.More importantly,the TiO_(2)/Ag film had great biocompatibility with/without light irradiation.The platform not only provides a more convenient choice for the traditional antibacterial mode but also has limitless possibilities for application in the field of billions of touch screens.展开更多
TiO_(2)photocatalysts have been widely studied and applied for removing bacteria,but its antibacterial efficiency is limited to the ultraviolet(UV)range of the solar spectrum.In this work,we use the gold(Au)nanorods t...TiO_(2)photocatalysts have been widely studied and applied for removing bacteria,but its antibacterial efficiency is limited to the ultraviolet(UV)range of the solar spectrum.In this work,we use the gold(Au)nanorods to enhance the visible and near-infrared(NIR)light absorption of TiO_(2)NBs,a typical UV light photocatalyst,thus the enhancement of its full solar spectrum(UV,visible and NIR)photocatalytic antibacterial properties is achieved.Preliminary surface plasmon resonance(SPR)enhancement photocatalytic antibacterial mechanism is suggested.On one hand,transverse and longitudinal SPR of Au NRs is beneficial for visible and NIR light utilization.On the other hand,Au NRs combined with TiO_(2)NBs to form the heterostructure,which can improve the photogenerated carrier separation and direct electron transfer increases the hot electron concentration while Au NRs as the electron channel can well restrain charge recombination.finally produces the high yield of radical oxygen species and exhibits a superior antibacterial efficiency.Furthermore,we design a sterilization file cabinet with Au NR/TiO_(2)NB heterostructures as the photocatalytic coating plates.Our study reveals that Au NR/TiO_(2)NB heterostructure is a potential candidate for sterilization of bacteria and archives protection.展开更多
In this work, a Dielectric Barrier Discharge （DBD） air plasma was used to sterilize Escherichia eoli （E. coli） on the surface of medical Polyethylene Terephthalate （PET） film. The leakage of cellular DNA and pro...In this work, a Dielectric Barrier Discharge （DBD） air plasma was used to sterilize Escherichia eoli （E. coli） on the surface of medical Polyethylene Terephthalate （PET） film. The leakage of cellular DNA and protein by optical absorbance measurement at 260 nm and 280 nm, together with transmission electron microscopy （TEM） about cell morphology were performed after sterilization to analyse inactivation mechanisms. The results indicated that the DBD air plasma was very effective in E. coli sterilization. The plasma germicidal efficiency depended on the plasma treatment time, the air-gap distance, and the applied voltage. Within 5 min of plasma treatment, the germicidal efficiency against E. coli could reach 99.99%. An etching action on cell membranes by electrons, ions and radicals is the primary mechanism for DBD air plasma sterilization, which leads to the effusion of cellular contents （DNA and protein） and bacterial death.展开更多
Decomposition experiments conducted with and without microbial processes are commonly used to study the effects of environmental microorganisms on the degradation of organic pollutants.However,the effects of biologica...Decomposition experiments conducted with and without microbial processes are commonly used to study the effects of environmental microorganisms on the degradation of organic pollutants.However,the effects of biological pretreatment （sterilization） on organic matter often have a negative impact on such experiments.Based on the principle of water total organic carbon （TOC） analysis,the effects of physical sterilization treatments on determination of TOC and other water quality parameters were investigated.The results revealed that two conventional physical sterilization treatments,autoclaving and 60 Co γ-radiation sterilization,led to the direct decomposition of some organic pollutants,resulting in remarkable errors in the analysis of TOC in water samples.Furthermore,the extent of the errors varied with the intensity and the duration of sterilization treatments.Accordingly,a novel sterilization method for water samples,0.45 μm micro-filtration coupled with ultraviolet radiation （MCUR）,was developed in the present study.The results indicated that the MCUR method was capable of exerting a high bactericidal effect on the water sample while significantly decreasing the negative impact on the analysis of TOC and other water quality parameters.Before and after sterilization treatments,the relative errors of TOC determination could be controlled to lower than 3% for water samples with different categories and concentrations of organic pollutants by using MCUR.展开更多
An atmospheric non-thermal plasma jet was developed for sterilizing the Staphylococcus aureus （S. aureus）. The plasma jet was generated by dielectric barrier discharge （DBD）, which was characterized by electrical ...An atmospheric non-thermal plasma jet was developed for sterilizing the Staphylococcus aureus （S. aureus）. The plasma jet was generated by dielectric barrier discharge （DBD）, which was characterized by electrical and optical diagnostics. The survival curves of the bacteria showed that the plasma jet could effectively inactivate 10 6 cells of S. aureus within 120 seconds and the sterilizing efficiency depended critically on the discharge parameter of the applied voltage. It was further confirmed by scanning electron microscopy （SEM） that the cell morphology was seriously damaged by the plasma treatment. The plasma sterilization mechanism of S. aureus was attributed to the active species of OH, N 2 ＋ and O, which were generated abundantly in the plasma jet and characterized by OES. Our findings suggest a convenient and low-cost way for sterilization and inactivation of bacteria.展开更多
An aircraft cabin is a narrow,closed-space environment.To keep the air quality in cabin healthy for passengers,especially during an epidemic such as SARS-CoV-2(or 2019-nCoV)in 2020,a novel aircraft air conditioning sy...An aircraft cabin is a narrow,closed-space environment.To keep the air quality in cabin healthy for passengers,especially during an epidemic such as SARS-CoV-2(or 2019-nCoV)in 2020,a novel aircraft air conditioning system,called the ultra-high-temperature instantaneous sterilization air conditioning system(UHTACS),is proposed.Based on the proposed system,a simulation of the UHT-ACS is analysed in various flight states.In the UHT-ACS,the mixing air temperature of return and bleed air can reach temperature up to 148.8°C,which is high enough to kill bacilli and viruses in 2一8 s.The supply air temperature of the UHT-ACS in a mixing cavity is about 12 C in cooling mode both on the ground and in the air.The supply air temperature is about 42 C in heating mode.Compared with the air conditioning systems(ACS)of traditional aircraft the supply air temperatures of the UHT-ACS in the mixing cavity are in good agreement with those of a traditional ACS with 60%fresh air and 40%return air.Furthermore the air temperature at the turbine outlet of the UHT-ACS is higher than that of a traditional ACS which will help to reduce the risk of icing at the outlet.Therefore the UHT-ACS can operate normally in various flight states.展开更多
The impacts of soil organic matter （SOM）, aging and sterilization on the production of lignin peroxidase （LIP） and manganese peroxidase （MnP） by Phanerochaete chrysosporium during the biodegradation of pyrene in...The impacts of soil organic matter （SOM）, aging and sterilization on the production of lignin peroxidase （LIP） and manganese peroxidase （MnP） by Phanerochaete chrysosporium during the biodegradation of pyrene in soils were investigated. The biodegradation of pyrene by P. chrysosporium decreased with increasing SOM content, whereas the maximum activities of LiP and MnP increased, which indicates that SOM outweighed pyrene in controlling enzyme production. Sterilization enhanced the degradation of pyrene due to the elimination of competition from indigenous microbes, whereas aging led to a reduction in the degradation of pyrene primarily through changes in its sorbed forms. Both sterilization and aging could reduce SOM content and alter its structure, which also influenced the bioavailability of pyrene and the enzyme activity. The sterilization and aging processes caused changes in the degradation of pyrene, and the enzyme activities were greater in soils with high SOM contents. MnP was related to the degradation of pyrene to a greater extent, whereas LiP was more related to the decomposition of SOM.展开更多
This paper reports that a new plasma generator at atmospheric pressure, which is composed of two homocentric cylindrical all-metal tubes, successfully generates a cold plasma jet. The inside tube electrode is connecte...This paper reports that a new plasma generator at atmospheric pressure, which is composed of two homocentric cylindrical all-metal tubes, successfully generates a cold plasma jet. The inside tube electrode is connected to ground, the outside tube electrode is connected to a high-voltage power supply, and a dielectric layer is covered on the outside tube electrode. When the reactor is operated by low-frequency （6 kHz-20 kHz） AC supply in atmospheric pressure and argon is steadily fed as a discharge gas through inside tube electrode, a cold plasma jet is blown out into air and the plasma gas temperature is only 25-30℃. The electric character of the discharge is studied by using digital real-time oscilloscope （TDS 200-Series）, and the discharge is capacitive. Preliminary results are presented on the decontamination of E.colis bacteria and Bacillus subtilis bacteria by this plasma jet, and an optical emission analysis of the plasma jet is presented in this paper. The ozone concentration generated by the plasma jet is 1.0× 10^16cm^-3 which is acquired by using the ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy.展开更多
In this paper,microwave sterilization craft of solid culture medium in fungus growth is studied.The results show that microwave not only can be used to sterilize the micro-organisms which is useless for fungus growth ...In this paper,microwave sterilization craft of solid culture medium in fungus growth is studied.The results show that microwave not only can be used to sterilize the micro-organisms which is useless for fungus growth in the solid culture medium,but also has positive effect on fungus growth;and the sterilization process is featured with shorter time and higher efficiency compared with the traditional method.展开更多
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42076044)the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences,CAS(No.ZDBS-LY-DQC025)+5 种基金the Key R&D Program of Shandong Province,China(No.2022CXPT027)the Chinese Academy of Sciences President’s International Fellowship Initiative(No.2023VEA0007)the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(No.GZB20230769)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2023M743529)the Shandong Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.SDBX202302014)Excellent Postdoctoral Incentive Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences,and Qingdao Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.QDBSH20230202117).
文摘Bacterial contamination and marine biofouling are directly or indirectly impacting the economy,environment,and human health worldwide.Photocatalytic sterilization and antifouling technology is an effective method to prevent microbial contamination and corrosion.Due to its eco-friendly nature,broad-spectrum bactericidal properties,and high efficiency,this method has recently received much attention.In this review,we have comprehensively discussed the photoinduced charge carriers transfer,main reactive oxygen species(ROS),the interactions among photocatalysts and microorganisms,as well as various antibacterial mechanisms such as oxidative stress,physical/mechanical destruction,photothermal effect,piezoelectric field effect,and triboelectric field.Different types of semiconductors,including TiO_(2),ZnO,CeO_(2),Cu-based semiconductors,Bi-based semiconductors,Ag-based semiconductors,g-C_(3)N_(4),MOF,and containing phosphorus photocatalysts are summarized in photocatalytic sterilization and antifouling activity.Besides,various improvement methods including morphological control,crystallizing,doping engineering,loading cocatalyst,and constructing heterojunction are discussed.Furthermore,a strategy for dramatically improving practice applications is proposed for the possibility of further antifouling applications.Challenges and prospects for the photocatalytic sterilization and antifouling method are also discussed to highlight design considerations.
文摘As globalization accelerates,microbial contamination in the built environment poses a major public health challenge.Especially since Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19),microbial sterilization technology has become a crucial research area for indoor air pollution control in order to create a hygienic and safe built environment.Based on this,the study reviews sterilization technologies in the built environment,focusing on the principles,efficiency and applicability,revealing advantages and limitations,and summarizing current research advances.Despite the efficacy of single sterilization technologies in specific environments,the corresponding side effects still exist.Thus,this review highlights the efficiency of hybrid sterilization technologies,providing an in-depth understanding of the practical application in the built environment.Also,it presents an outlook on the future direction of sterilization technology,including the development of new methods that are more efficient,energy-saving,and targeted to better address microbial contamination in the complex and changing built environment.Overall,this study provides a clear guide for selecting technologies to handle microbial contamination in different building environments in the future,as well as a scientific basis for developing more effective air quality control strategies.
基金supported by the Innovation Talents Project of Harbin Science and Technology Bureau(2022CXRCCGO11)。
文摘This study examined the effects of pasteurization(PAS),ultrasonic sterilization(ULS),and microwave sterilization(MWS)on the quality and storage characteristics of brine-fermented tofu(BFT)and fermented tofu(FT).Comparative analysis revealed that MWS had a negligible detrimental effect on the structural integrity and organoleptic properties of BFT and FT,while effectively maintaining its water-holding capacity(WHC)and exhibiting the least impact on its texture.In contrast,PAS and ULS increased hardness and chewiness significantly(P<0.05),but ULS also enhanced the brightness of tofu.Throughout the storage period,the WHC,elasticity,and sensory properties of tofu generally decreased,whereas the hardness and chewiness increased.PAS-BFT and MWS-FT maintained sensory quality for the longest periods of 14 and 12 days respectively,and could be decomposed to more small molecule peptides within 0–8 days and 0–6 days,which are more easily to be absorbed by the body.The findings discovered that MWS is the most suitable method for sterilization of tofu,with superior capability in maintaining the quality,extending shelf life,and improving digestibility of tofu.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.2021YFC3200603)the Special Research Assistant Program,Chinese Academy of Sciences.
文摘Photocatalytic disinfection is an eco-friendly strategy for countering bacterial pollution in aquatic environments.Numerous strategies have been devised to facilitate the generation of reactive oxygen species(ROS)within photocatalysts,ultimately leading to the eradication of bacteria.However,the significance of the physical morphology of photocatalysts in the context of sterilization is frequently obscured,and the progress in the development of physical-chemical synergistic sterilization photocatalysts has been relatively limited.Herein,graphitic carbon nitride(g-C_(3)N_(4))is chemically protonated to expose more sharp edges.PL fluorescence and EIS results indicate that the protonation can accelerate photogenerated carrier separation and enhance ROS production.Meanwhile,the sharp edges on the protonated g-C_(3)N_(4)facilitate the physical disruption of cell walls for further promoting oxidative damage.Protonated C_(3)N_(4)demonstrated superior bactericidal performance than that of pristine g-C_(3)N_(4),effectively eliminating Escherichia coli within 40 minutes under irradiation.This work highlights the significance of incorporating physical and chemical synergies in photocatalyst design to enhance the disinfection efficiency of photocatalysis.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22106078,62105175)High-end Foreign Experts Recruitment Plan(No.G2023024007L)+1 种基金Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(Nos.ZR2022YQ12,ZR2021QB031,ZR2021QF058)the Science,Education,and Industry Integration Pilot Project for Talent Research at Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences)(No.2024RCKY028)。
文摘Mercury ions(Hg^(2+))and bacteria are widely spread in water pollution and pose a great threat to human health and the environment.Herein,a multifunctional COF Dmta Tph with significant Hg^(2+)adsorption capability and continuous sunlight-driven sterilization property is designed and synthesized by introducing thioether and photosensitive porphyrin in a single molecule.The obtained COF displays a high Hg^(2+)adsorption capacity of 657.9 mg/g at 298 K and a superior antibacterial effect toward Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus under sunlight irradiation.Mechanistic studies reveal that the strong coordination between S species and Hg^(2+)is the main driving force for high Hg^(2+)adsorption capability.The sterilization mechanism clarifies that the inactivation of bacteria is caused by1O_(2)produced from Dmta Tph with the assistance of light irradiation.Noteworthy,when Dmta Tph is applied in the treatment of wastewater,it displays high Hg^(2+)removal efficiency and remarkable antibacterial effect under complex conditions.This study has demonstrated a promising strategy for designing multifunctional COF-based materials,offering great potential in tackling the problem of heavy metal ions and bacteria pollution in water.
基金supported by Gansu Province Science and Technology Project(Grant No.21JR7RA070)the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Province,China(Grant No.22JR5RA051)the Central Government Guides Local Funds Project for Science and Technology Development(Grant No.23ZYQHO_(2)98).
文摘Direct comparison of the difference in biomass between live and sterilized soils may result in deviations in biological plant-soil feedback(B-PSF)due to changes induced by sterilization in bulk soil microorganisms,soil structure,and nutrient availability.The sterilization-induced deviation(sterilization-effect,SS_(c))to often-used method B-PSF_(ou) was corrected by adding a parallel experiment without conditioning by any plants(B-PSF_(c)).Plant-soil feedback experiments were conducted for two plants with contrasting in root traits and rhizosphere microbial community to test the reliability of the method(Kalidium foliatum and Reaumuria songaric).The specific root length(SRL),root tissue density(RTD)and of R.songarica was higher compared to that of K.foliatum,but the root diameter(RAD)of it was significantly lower than that of K.foliatum.The plasticity of root traits of K.foliatum was stronger than that of R.songarica.The B-PSF_(ou) of K.foliatum was four times negative than B-PSF_(c),whereas there was no statistically significant difference of B-PSF_(ou) and B-PSF_(c) for R.songarica.The correlation between B-PSF_(c) and the relative abundance of pathogens and EcMF was found to be stronger compared to B-PSF_(ou).We proposed method corrects the deviation in B-PSF.The variation of deviation between species may be related to root traits.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFF0612601)the Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province(No.2023C02038)+2 种基金the Key Research and Development Program of Ningbo(No.2022Z178)China Construction Technology Research and Development Project(No.CSCEC-2021-Z-5)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LQ23B010003)
文摘High-concentration single-atom doping remains a formidable challenge due to the propensity for single atoms to form clusters or aggregate at elevated concentrations.Herein,high-concentration (10.8 wt%) Zn singleatom-doped porous tubular g-C_(3)N_(4)(ZCN) was successfully obtained via a template-free,one-step calcination method,exhibiting excellent photocatalytic performance.The confinement of the pore walls suppresses the Zn atom'smigration and aggregation,enhancing the Zn single-atom stability.ZCN exhibited excellent photodegradation performance against tetracycline with outstanding stability.Moreover,ZCN displayed remarkable sterilization performance,achieving a 100%inactivation of Staphylococcus aureus within 90 min of visible-light exposure.Density functional theory calculations demonstrated that the Zn single-atom sites act as pivotal photocatalytic active sites,with the presence of Zn single atoms notably augmenting charge separation efficiency.This work provides a novel approach for managing photocatalytic efficiency through enlarging single-atom doping,offering an avenue for pollutant photodegradation and sterilization.
基金Supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(DL09BA16)Science Research Foundation for Young Scientists of northeast Forestry University(09047 )Graduate Project Technology Innovation Funds of Northeast Forestry University~~
文摘[Objective] The aim was to study the explants sterilization and callus induction of Aquilegia oxysepala.[Method] the seeds of Aquilegia oxysepala were sterilized by different kinds and concentrations of disinfectants,and the pollution rate and pollution speed were investigated so as to find the best way to build sterile seedling setup.Taking the roots,stem segments and leaves of the sterile seedlings from Aquilegia oxysepala seeds as explants,the optimum explants and medium were screened by adding MS basic medium with different hormone proportions.[Result] The best germicidal treatment was as follows：explants were soaked in 75% alcohol for 30 s firstly,washed by sterile water for 5 times,then soaked in 0.2% mercuric chloride liquid for 2 min,finally washed by sterile water for 5 times again.The sterilization treatment could get the lowest pollution rate,the highest germinating capacity and the best sterile seedling.Roots were the optimum explants for the callus induction of Aquilegia oxysepala,meanwhile the optimal medium was MS＋0.6 mg/L 2,4-D＋0.5 mg/L 6-BA.[Conclusion] The research provides technical support for the large scale production of Aquilegia oxysepala and also makes a contribution to the medicinal and ornamental value of Aquilegia oxysepala.
文摘This paper reviewed the latest progress on the sterilization technology of medicinal flowers, and briefly introduced its principle and application. Compared with the traditional chemical sterilization and autoclave sterilization techniques, irradiation sterilization, light radiation sterilization and gas sterilization own their unique advan- tages for different drugs sterilization requirements, which are worth further promotion.
文摘Tissue substitutes are required in a number of clinical conditions for treatment of injured and diseased tissues.Tissues like bone,skin,amniotic membrane and soft tissues obtained from human donor can be used for repair or reconstruction of the injured part of the body.Allograft tissues from human donor provide an excellent alternative to autografts.However,major concern with the use of allografts is the risk of infectious disease transmission.Therefore,tissue allografts should be sterilized to make them safe for clinical use.Gamma radiation has several advantages and is the most suitable method for sterilization of biological tissues.This review summarizes the use of gamma irradiation technology as an effective method for sterilization of biological tissues and ensuring safety of tissue allografts.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82002303,51871162 and 51932002)the China National Funds for Distinguished Young Scientists(No.51925104)+2 种基金Scientific Research Foundation of Peking University Shenzhen Hospital(No.KYQD2021064)Beijing Municipal Health Commission(Nos.BMHC-2021-6,BMHC-2019-9,BMHC-2018-4 and PXM2020_026275_000002)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.R&D#2018YFA0703100)
文摘The daily life of people in the intelligent age is inseparable from electronic device,and a number of bacteria on touch screens are increasingly threatening the health of users.Herein,a photocatalytic TiO_(2)/Ag thin film was synthesized on a glass by atomic layer deposition and subsequent in situ reduction.Ultraviolet-visible(UV-Vis)spectra showed that this film can harvest the simulated solar light more efficiently than that of pristine TiO_(2).The antibacterial tests in vitro showed that the antibacterial efficiency of the TiO_(2)/Ag film against S.aureus and E.coli was 98.2%and 98.6%,under visible light irradiation for 5 min.The underlying mechanism was that the in-situ reduction of Ag on the surface of TiO_(2)reduced the bandgap of TiO_(2)from 3.44 to 2.61 eV due to the formation of Schottky heterojunction at the interface between TiO_(2)and Ag.Thus,TiO_(2)/Ag can generate more reactive oxygen species for bacterial inactivation on the surface of electronic screens.More importantly,the TiO_(2)/Ag film had great biocompatibility with/without light irradiation.The platform not only provides a more convenient choice for the traditional antibacterial mode but also has limitless possibilities for application in the field of billions of touch screens.
基金fundings from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51872173,51772176)TaishanScholars Program of Shandong Province(Nos.tsqn201812068,tspd20161006)+6 种基金Higher School Youth Innovation Team of Shandong Province(No.2019KJA013)Key Research and Development Program of Shandong Province(No.2018GGX102028)Science and Technology Special Project of Qingdao City(No.20-3-4-3-nsh)the Opening Fund of State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing(No.SKLOP202002006)Cooperative Education Project of the Ministry of Education(No.201902195026)Humanities and Social Sciences Program(GoMoruo Studies)of the Education Department of Sichuan Province(No.GY2020C01)Shandong Archives Science and Technology Project(No.2020-33)。
文摘TiO_(2)photocatalysts have been widely studied and applied for removing bacteria,but its antibacterial efficiency is limited to the ultraviolet(UV)range of the solar spectrum.In this work,we use the gold(Au)nanorods to enhance the visible and near-infrared(NIR)light absorption of TiO_(2)NBs,a typical UV light photocatalyst,thus the enhancement of its full solar spectrum(UV,visible and NIR)photocatalytic antibacterial properties is achieved.Preliminary surface plasmon resonance(SPR)enhancement photocatalytic antibacterial mechanism is suggested.On one hand,transverse and longitudinal SPR of Au NRs is beneficial for visible and NIR light utilization.On the other hand,Au NRs combined with TiO_(2)NBs to form the heterostructure,which can improve the photogenerated carrier separation and direct electron transfer increases the hot electron concentration while Au NRs as the electron channel can well restrain charge recombination.finally produces the high yield of radical oxygen species and exhibits a superior antibacterial efficiency.Furthermore,we design a sterilization file cabinet with Au NR/TiO_(2)NB heterostructures as the photocatalytic coating plates.Our study reveals that Au NR/TiO_(2)NB heterostructure is a potential candidate for sterilization of bacteria and archives protection.
文摘In this work, a Dielectric Barrier Discharge （DBD） air plasma was used to sterilize Escherichia eoli （E. coli） on the surface of medical Polyethylene Terephthalate （PET） film. The leakage of cellular DNA and protein by optical absorbance measurement at 260 nm and 280 nm, together with transmission electron microscopy （TEM） about cell morphology were performed after sterilization to analyse inactivation mechanisms. The results indicated that the DBD air plasma was very effective in E. coli sterilization. The plasma germicidal efficiency depended on the plasma treatment time, the air-gap distance, and the applied voltage. Within 5 min of plasma treatment, the germicidal efficiency against E. coli could reach 99.99%. An etching action on cell membranes by electrons, ions and radicals is the primary mechanism for DBD air plasma sterilization, which leads to the effusion of cellular contents （DNA and protein） and bacterial death.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40821140540)the National High Technology Research and Development Program (863) of China (No. 2007AA10Z218)
文摘Decomposition experiments conducted with and without microbial processes are commonly used to study the effects of environmental microorganisms on the degradation of organic pollutants.However,the effects of biological pretreatment （sterilization） on organic matter often have a negative impact on such experiments.Based on the principle of water total organic carbon （TOC） analysis,the effects of physical sterilization treatments on determination of TOC and other water quality parameters were investigated.The results revealed that two conventional physical sterilization treatments,autoclaving and 60 Co γ-radiation sterilization,led to the direct decomposition of some organic pollutants,resulting in remarkable errors in the analysis of TOC in water samples.Furthermore,the extent of the errors varied with the intensity and the duration of sterilization treatments.Accordingly,a novel sterilization method for water samples,0.45 μm micro-filtration coupled with ultraviolet radiation （MCUR）,was developed in the present study.The results indicated that the MCUR method was capable of exerting a high bactericidal effect on the water sample while significantly decreasing the negative impact on the analysis of TOC and other water quality parameters.Before and after sterilization treatments,the relative errors of TOC determination could be controlled to lower than 3% for water samples with different categories and concentrations of organic pollutants by using MCUR.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.10835004 and 10905010)the New Century Excellent Talents in University of China (No.NCET-08-0760)
文摘An atmospheric non-thermal plasma jet was developed for sterilizing the Staphylococcus aureus （S. aureus）. The plasma jet was generated by dielectric barrier discharge （DBD）, which was characterized by electrical and optical diagnostics. The survival curves of the bacteria showed that the plasma jet could effectively inactivate 10 6 cells of S. aureus within 120 seconds and the sterilizing efficiency depended critically on the discharge parameter of the applied voltage. It was further confirmed by scanning electron microscopy （SEM） that the cell morphology was seriously damaged by the plasma treatment. The plasma sterilization mechanism of S. aureus was attributed to the active species of OH, N 2 ＋ and O, which were generated abundantly in the plasma jet and characterized by OES. Our findings suggest a convenient and low-cost way for sterilization and inactivation of bacteria.
基金the Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)and the Foundation of Jiangsu Postdoctoral(No.2019K126)。
文摘An aircraft cabin is a narrow,closed-space environment.To keep the air quality in cabin healthy for passengers,especially during an epidemic such as SARS-CoV-2(or 2019-nCoV)in 2020,a novel aircraft air conditioning system,called the ultra-high-temperature instantaneous sterilization air conditioning system(UHTACS),is proposed.Based on the proposed system,a simulation of the UHT-ACS is analysed in various flight states.In the UHT-ACS,the mixing air temperature of return and bleed air can reach temperature up to 148.8°C,which is high enough to kill bacilli and viruses in 2一8 s.The supply air temperature of the UHT-ACS in a mixing cavity is about 12 C in cooling mode both on the ground and in the air.The supply air temperature is about 42 C in heating mode.Compared with the air conditioning systems(ACS)of traditional aircraft the supply air temperatures of the UHT-ACS in the mixing cavity are in good agreement with those of a traditional ACS with 60%fresh air and 40%return air.Furthermore the air temperature at the turbine outlet of the UHT-ACS is higher than that of a traditional ACS which will help to reduce the risk of icing at the outlet.Therefore the UHT-ACS can operate normally in various flight states.
基金supported by the Tianjin Science and Technology Committee(No.10JCZDJC24200)the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(No.2014CB441104,2008AA06Z333)the Natural Science Foundation of China(No.20907024)
文摘The impacts of soil organic matter （SOM）, aging and sterilization on the production of lignin peroxidase （LIP） and manganese peroxidase （MnP） by Phanerochaete chrysosporium during the biodegradation of pyrene in soils were investigated. The biodegradation of pyrene by P. chrysosporium decreased with increasing SOM content, whereas the maximum activities of LiP and MnP increased, which indicates that SOM outweighed pyrene in controlling enzyme production. Sterilization enhanced the degradation of pyrene due to the elimination of competition from indigenous microbes, whereas aging led to a reduction in the degradation of pyrene primarily through changes in its sorbed forms. Both sterilization and aging could reduce SOM content and alter its structure, which also influenced the bioavailability of pyrene and the enzyme activity. The sterilization and aging processes caused changes in the degradation of pyrene, and the enzyme activities were greater in soils with high SOM contents. MnP was related to the degradation of pyrene to a greater extent, whereas LiP was more related to the decomposition of SOM.
文摘This paper reports that a new plasma generator at atmospheric pressure, which is composed of two homocentric cylindrical all-metal tubes, successfully generates a cold plasma jet. The inside tube electrode is connected to ground, the outside tube electrode is connected to a high-voltage power supply, and a dielectric layer is covered on the outside tube electrode. When the reactor is operated by low-frequency （6 kHz-20 kHz） AC supply in atmospheric pressure and argon is steadily fed as a discharge gas through inside tube electrode, a cold plasma jet is blown out into air and the plasma gas temperature is only 25-30℃. The electric character of the discharge is studied by using digital real-time oscilloscope （TDS 200-Series）, and the discharge is capacitive. Preliminary results are presented on the decontamination of E.colis bacteria and Bacillus subtilis bacteria by this plasma jet, and an optical emission analysis of the plasma jet is presented in this paper. The ozone concentration generated by the plasma jet is 1.0× 10^16cm^-3 which is acquired by using the ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Research Project of the Education Department of Henan Province(No.2009B210023)~~
文摘In this paper,microwave sterilization craft of solid culture medium in fungus growth is studied.The results show that microwave not only can be used to sterilize the micro-organisms which is useless for fungus growth in the solid culture medium,but also has positive effect on fungus growth;and the sterilization process is featured with shorter time and higher efficiency compared with the traditional method.
