Recent studies have shown that lipid metabolism is a key factor affecting anther development and male fertility.However,how plants regulating the metabolic balance of multiple lipids to ensure proper anther developmen...Recent studies have shown that lipid metabolism is a key factor affecting anther development and male fertility.However,how plants regulating the metabolic balance of multiple lipids to ensure proper anther development and male fertility remains unclear.Analyzing lipid molecules related to anther fertility and genes responsible for their biosynthesis is crucial for understanding the physiological significance of lipid metabolism in crop fertility.In this study,we compared the transcriptome and the composition and content of lipids in anthers of two upland cotton(Gossypium hirsutum) materials,Shida 98(WT) and its nearly-isogenic male sterile line Shida 98A(MS).Transcriptomics analysis identified many differentially expressed genes(DEGs) between the two materials,with the genes of the alpha-linolenic acid metabolism pathway being the most significantly associated with the male sterility phenotype.Investigations on lipids revealed that the MS anthers over-accumulated free fatty acids(FFAs),phosphatidic acid(PA),mono-and di-galactosyldiacylglycerol(MGDG and DGDG),and had a decreased content of triacylglycerol(TAG),which was closely related to the abnormal metabolism of alpha-linolenic acid(C18:3);therefore,the major lipids containing C18:3-acyl chains,such as PA,MGDG,DGDG,and TAG,are proposed to play a major role in cotton anther development.We also showed that an excessive level of MGDG and DGDG caused jasmonic acid(JA) overaccumulation in MS anthers,which in turn inhibited the expression of GhFAD3 and consequently reduced the C18:3 content,presumably via a feedback regulation mechanism,ultimately affecting plant fertility.Together,our results revealed the importance of a balanced lipid metabolism in regulating the development of cotton anther and pollen and consequently male fertility.展开更多
Mutations and rearrangements of mitochondrial genes cause plant cytoplasmic male sterility. It is a significant way to utilize hybrid vigor to enhance crop yield. Ogu cytoplasmic male sterility(CMS) is a natural cytop...Mutations and rearrangements of mitochondrial genes cause plant cytoplasmic male sterility. It is a significant way to utilize hybrid vigor to enhance crop yield. Ogu cytoplasmic male sterility(CMS) is a natural cytoplasmic male sterility type discovered in radishes, being successfully transferred to rapeseed and cruciferous vegetables. However, current studies lack depth in exploring the molecular mechanisms of its male sterility. This study confirmed that orf138 is the causal gene for Ogu CMS through the genetic transformation in Arabidopsis. Transcriptome analysis of aborted anthers in different stages suggested that differentially expressed genes(DEGs) are mainly enriched in pathways such as glycerophospholipid metabolism and arginine and proline metabolism. It reveals that key genes involved in lipid metabolism pathways are significantly down-regulated in the sterile line(OguA), including BnaGPAT1, localized within the tapetum mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum. This could lead to changes in the metabolism of substances like acylglycerols within the tapetum, causing disruptions in lipid metabolism. This is consistent with morphological and subcellular structural changes in the tapetum and microspore cells, as observed in the transmission electron microscopy. This abnormal lipid metabolism may trigger specific reactive oxygen species(ROS) accumulation in an oxidative stress response, ultimately leading to an aborted microspore. Our study based on transcriptome has deepened our understanding of the molecular mechanisms in Ogu CMS.展开更多
Honglian type-cytoplasmic male sterility(HL-CMS)is caused by the inter-communication between the nucleus and mitochondria.However,the mechanisms by which sterility genes regulate metabolic alterations and changes in m...Honglian type-cytoplasmic male sterility(HL-CMS)is caused by the inter-communication between the nucleus and mitochondria.However,the mechanisms by which sterility genes regulate metabolic alterations and changes in mitochondrial morphology in the pollen of HL-CMS remain unclear.In this study,we compared the morphological differences between the pollen of the male sterile line YA and the near-isogenic line NIL-Rf6 using hematoxylin-eosin staining and 4ʹ,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole(DAPI)staining.HL-CMS is characterized by gametophytic sterility,where the aborted pollen grains are empty,and the tapetal layer remains intact.Transmission electron microscopy was employed to observe mitochondrial morphological changes at the microspore stage,revealing significant mitochondrial alterations,characterized by the formation of'large spherical mitochondria',occurred at the binucleate stage in the YA line.Additionally,metabolomics analysis revealed decreased levels of metabolites associated with the carbohydrate and flavonoid pathways.Notably,the decrease in flavonoids was found to contribute to an elevation in reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels.Therefore,we propose a model in which rice fertility is modulated by the levels of pollen carbohydrates and flavonoid metabolites,with impaired mitochondrial energy production and reduced flavonoid biosynthesis as the main causes of ROS accumulation and pollen abortion in rice.展开更多
Male sterile lines serve as a pivotal tool in plant breeding,offering an effective strategy for developing hybrid cultivars.In cucumber(Cucumis sativus L.),the creation of male sterile lines,most of which exhibit abno...Male sterile lines serve as a pivotal tool in plant breeding,offering an effective strategy for developing hybrid cultivars.In cucumber(Cucumis sativus L.),the creation of male sterile lines,most of which exhibit abnormal pollen development,is essential for harnessing heterosis.Accumulating evidence suggests that male sterility in plants is linked to the overaccumulation of Reactive Oxygen Species(ROS),which causes oxidative damage to biomolecules and cellular structures,ultimately leading to aberrant anther development(Li et al.,2004).展开更多
Male dzo from the F1 to F3 generations are sterile,which impedes the utilization of hybrid vigor in dzo and constrains the development of plateau animal husbandry in China.The underlying mechanism of this phenomenon h...Male dzo from the F1 to F3 generations are sterile,which impedes the utilization of hybrid vigor in dzo and constrains the development of plateau animal husbandry in China.The underlying mechanism of this phenomenon has long been a focal point in yak crossbreeding improvement research.This review summarizes the mechanisms underlying male sterility in dzo from histological,physiological,and multi-omics perspectives,providing research directions for further exploration of the mechanisms of male sterility in dzo.展开更多
LK783 was found to be a good fertility restorer for K-type male sterility of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). RAPD and ISSR (inter-simple sequence repeat polymorphism) markers were employed to map the major restoring gen...LK783 was found to be a good fertility restorer for K-type male sterility of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). RAPD and ISSR (inter-simple sequence repeat polymorphism) markers were employed to map the major restoring gene in LK783. Maintainer and restorer DNA pools were established using the extreme sterile and fertile plants among KJ5418A//911289/LK783 F 1 population, respectively. Four hundred and eighteen RAPD primers and 33 ISSR primers were used for screening polymorphisms between the two pools, and amplification bands using a RAPD primer of OPK18 and an ISSR primer of UBC-845 were found polymorphic between the two pools. Linkage analysis showed that OPK18 450 and UBC-845 800 were linked to the restoring gene in LK783. The distance between the restoring gene and OPK18 450 was (15.07±6.28) cM (centiMorgan), with the distance between the restoring gene and UBC-845 800 being (8.20±4.85) cM. The marker of UBC-845 800 was located on chromosome 1BS by amplifying nulli-tetrasomics and 1B ditelosomics of Chinese Spring with the primer of UBC-845, indicating that the restoring gene in LK783 was located on 1BS. The breeding for new fertility restorer lines of K-type cytoplasmic male sterility of wheat would be facilitated by using the two markers.展开更多
In cultivated rice ( Oryza sativa L.), F-1 pollen sterility is controlled by at least 6 loci of the F, pollen sterility genes. To map S-b, one of loci, rice variety Taichung 65 (T65) carrying S-b(j)/S-b(j) and its nea...In cultivated rice ( Oryza sativa L.), F-1 pollen sterility is controlled by at least 6 loci of the F, pollen sterility genes. To map S-b, one of loci, rice variety Taichung 65 (T65) carrying S-b(j)/S-b(j) and its near-isogenic line TIST2 carrying S-b(i)/S-b(i) were used to develop the mapping population. One hundred and fifty-eight microsatellite markers were selected to survey T65 and TISL2. RM13 on chromosome 5 was found to be polymorphic between them. Cosegregation indicated that RM13 was closely linked with locus S-b. Eleven RFLP markers were selected on the corresponding region from the genetic map of Rice Genome Research Program (RGP) of Japan to convert into sequence-tagged site (STS) markers. Amplicon length polymorphism (ALP) was carried out, but none of them was found to be polymorphic between T65 and TISL2. Then PCR-based RFLP (PBR) was done using six 4-nucleotide recognizing restriction endonucleases. Polymorphism was detected when PCR products of R830STS and R2213SSTS were digested with Taq I. Genetic analysis indicated that the distance between locus S-b and markers, R830STS, RM13 and R2213SSTS were 3.3 cM (centi-Morgan), 5.2 cM and 5.5 cM, respectively. These PCR-based markers could be directly used in marker-assisted selection. The technical system combining genetic mapping and PCR-based marker-assisted selection will facilitate the development of molecular breeding.展开更多
Northern blot analysis was conducted with mitochondrial RNA from seedling leaves, floral buds, and developing seeds of NCa CMS, maintainer line and fertile F1 using ten mitochondrial genes as probes. The results revea...Northern blot analysis was conducted with mitochondrial RNA from seedling leaves, floral buds, and developing seeds of NCa CMS, maintainer line and fertile F1 using ten mitochondrial genes as probes. The results revealed that 9 out of the 10 mitochondrial genes, except for atp6, showed no difference in different tissues of the corresponding materials of NCα CMS system and that they might be constitutively expressed genes. Eight genes, such as orf139, orf222, atpl, cox1, cox2, cob, rm5S, and rm26S, showed no difference among the three tissues of all the materials detected. So the expression of these eight genes was not regulated by nuclear genes and was not tissue-specific. The transcripts of atp9 were identical among different tissues, but diverse among different materials, indicating that transcription of atp9 was neither controlled by nuclear gene nor tissue-specific. Gene atp6 displayed similar transcripts with the same size among different tissues of all the materials but differed in abundance among tissues of corresponding materials and its expression might be tissue-specific under regulation of nuclear gene. Moreover, three transcripts of orf222 were detected in the floral buds of NCa cms and fertile F1, but no transcript was detected in floral buds of the maintainer line.The transcription of orf139 was similar to that of orf222 but only two transcripts of 0.8 kb and 0.6 kb were produced. The atp9 probe detected a single transcript of 0.6 kb in NCa cms and in maintainer line and an additional transcript of 1.2 kb in fertile F1. The relationship of expression of orf222, orf139, and atp9 with NCa sterility was discussed.展开更多
Histological changes that occur during microsporogenesis are documented in a gene-cytoplasmic male sterile rice ( Oryza saliva L.) line, Zhen Shan 97A, its maintainer line, Zhen Shan 97B, and the restorer line, Ce64 o...Histological changes that occur during microsporogenesis are documented in a gene-cytoplasmic male sterile rice ( Oryza saliva L.) line, Zhen Shan 97A, its maintainer line, Zhen Shan 97B, and the restorer line, Ce64 of a Mine hybrid rice production system. In the restorer line, Ce64, the developing microsporocytes have dense cytoplasm and a distinct set of circumferential microtubules around the nucleus. Successive cytokinesis results in the formation of tetrads. The microtubules within the cells of tetrads and microspores radiate from the surface of the nucleus towards the outer edge of the cytoplasm. Subsequent pollen development is normal. During the course of microspore formation tubulin speckles can be found in the cytoplasm. The general pattern of development and microtubule organization in the maintainer lined Zhen Shan 97B, is similar to Ce64, except that a few more tubulin speckles appear during microspore formation. In the case of the mate sterile line, Zhen Shan 97A, a number of abnormalities can be discerned during early microsporogenesis. These include vacuoles forming within the developing microsporocyte and faintly stained microtubules with no defined distribution pattern. Prominent tubulin speckles are common within the cytoplasm. For those microsporocytes that undergo meiosis, no defined organizational patterns of microtubules can be found within the tetrad. All microspores abort soon after. Abnormalities and defects in microtubule organization observed in Zhen Shan 97A showed that complex interactions between the cytoplasm and the nucleus began at very early stage of microsporocyte development.展开更多
Sterility changeover induced by low temperature in male sterility line CMS7311 of heading Chinese cabbage ( Brassica campestris L. ssp. penkinsis) was investigated under constant temperature, day/night alternating tem...Sterility changeover induced by low temperature in male sterility line CMS7311 of heading Chinese cabbage ( Brassica campestris L. ssp. penkinsis) was investigated under constant temperature, day/night alternating temperature in light-growth-incubator and outdoor natural day/night alternating temperature respectively. It showed that the sterility of CMS7311 has significant change with temperature. The constant temperature of 6 - 12 degreesC was suitable to induce the changeover of sterility (CGS) of CMS7311 ; the shortest treatment time for CGS induction at this temperature was 3 d. The significant value of sterility changeover of CMS7311 occurred at the constant temperature of 6 - 9 degreesC after treatment for 6 - 9 d. The intensity of CGS was stronger under constant temperature than under alternate temperature, but the shortest treatment time inducing CGS has no difference between them. When treated for 9 d under the day/night alternating temperature of 11/7 degreesC, its sterility could also turn to normal fertility (near to sterile grade I or zero). In normal condition, the interval from the end of temperature treatment to the beginning of CGS induction was 10 - 16 d. In the condition of natural day/night alternating temperature, the lower limit of temperature for effective CGS induction was at the daily mean temperature ( DMT) of 3. 5 - 6. 8 degreesC, and the shortest treatment time which could induce the sterility changeover was also longer than that under constant temperature, being 11d at DMT of 1.5 - 3.1 degreesC. In addition, for the apical dominance, the flower bud on the first lateral branch showed the CGS 8 - 10 d later than the flower bud on the main stem under the same temperature with the same days of treatment. The intensity of CGS of CMS7311 on the first lateral branch was also weaker than the flower bud on the main stem.展开更多
[ Objective] In order to study the relation between the HSPTO gene and male sterility of plant further. [ Methods ] Anther specific expression promoter Osg6B of rice was coloned by PCR then connected with HSP70 antise...[ Objective] In order to study the relation between the HSPTO gene and male sterility of plant further. [ Methods ] Anther specific expression promoter Osg6B of rice was coloned by PCR then connected with HSP70 antisense fragment to construct HSPTO antisense expression vector. The expression vector was identified by PCR experiment and enzyme digestion. [ Result] The sequence of coloned Osg6B promoter had 97% homology to the published sequence, and the cis-regulatory element in promoter area was integrated. HSP70 antisense expression vector driven by the promoter Osg6B was confired by colony PCR and enzyme digestion. [ Conclusion] The construction of expression vector would lay solid foundation for utilization of genetic engineering male sterility of plant.展开更多
Botanical features of "YX-1" reproductive organ and bearing rate by number of pollen granules in pollen sacs of Lycium chinensis was observed and researched through field investigation, smear preparation and...Botanical features of "YX-1" reproductive organ and bearing rate by number of pollen granules in pollen sacs of Lycium chinensis was observed and researched through field investigation, smear preparation and paraffin sections. YX-1 of Lycium chinensis was determined as incomplete male sterility and further classified into complete sterile type, sterile type I and sterile type II. The fertility standard of male sterility of Lycium chinensis was preliminarily proposed to establish a basis for crossbreeding of male sterility of Lycium chinensis.展开更多
Using the meteorological data and geographical information during January-March（1961-2010） accumulated by 18 stations of Hainan,a suitability zoning map for thermo-sensitive genetic male sterility（TGMS） rice was m...Using the meteorological data and geographical information during January-March（1961-2010） accumulated by 18 stations of Hainan,a suitability zoning map for thermo-sensitive genetic male sterility（TGMS） rice was made by GIS technology based on temperature indicators required by TGMS rice during fertility sensitive period and heading-flowering period,aiming to provide reasonable layout and scientific basis for sustainable development of TGMS rice in Hainan Island under the background of global warming.The results indicated that the suitable planting zones covered the south regions of Wuzhishan,Jianfengling and Diaoluoshan;subordinate suitable zones expanded northward to central parts of Wuzhishan,Dongfang,Changjiang,Qiongzhong and southern parts of Wanning;the other regions were unsuitable for breeding.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to research the genetic mechanism of barley male sterility, and provide the theoretical reference for breeding strong heterosis hybrid of barley. [ Method] Fertility segregation phenomenon, mor...[Objective] The aim was to research the genetic mechanism of barley male sterility, and provide the theoretical reference for breeding strong heterosis hybrid of barley. [ Method] Fertility segregation phenomenon, morphological characteristics and main agronomic characters of male sterility character of 4 kinds of barley male sterility materials 2001 - 17, 2001 - 37, 2001 - 84 and 2001 - 116 and their dedved lines were observed and researched.[ Result] Barley male sterility existed genetic phenomenon of single dominant nuclear gene caused by environmental stimulation, its sterility controlled by MS, the sterile genotype was MSms. There was stable nucleo-cytoplasmic inheritance on barley male sterility which was controlled by cytoplasmic mate sterile gene S and nuclear gene rr, and its genotype was S（rr）, this male sterility belonged to CMS type sterility. Temperature had no effect on fertility. [ Conclusion] There was stable nucleo-cytoplasmic inheritance on barley male sterility, this result played a positively promoting role in barley practical production.展开更多
基金supported by the Science and Technology Major Program of Bingtuan,China (2023AA008)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31960369)+1 种基金the Bingtuan Science and Technology Program,China (2025DA001)the Henan Provincial Science and Technology Research Project,China (222102110200)。
文摘Recent studies have shown that lipid metabolism is a key factor affecting anther development and male fertility.However,how plants regulating the metabolic balance of multiple lipids to ensure proper anther development and male fertility remains unclear.Analyzing lipid molecules related to anther fertility and genes responsible for their biosynthesis is crucial for understanding the physiological significance of lipid metabolism in crop fertility.In this study,we compared the transcriptome and the composition and content of lipids in anthers of two upland cotton(Gossypium hirsutum) materials,Shida 98(WT) and its nearly-isogenic male sterile line Shida 98A(MS).Transcriptomics analysis identified many differentially expressed genes(DEGs) between the two materials,with the genes of the alpha-linolenic acid metabolism pathway being the most significantly associated with the male sterility phenotype.Investigations on lipids revealed that the MS anthers over-accumulated free fatty acids(FFAs),phosphatidic acid(PA),mono-and di-galactosyldiacylglycerol(MGDG and DGDG),and had a decreased content of triacylglycerol(TAG),which was closely related to the abnormal metabolism of alpha-linolenic acid(C18:3);therefore,the major lipids containing C18:3-acyl chains,such as PA,MGDG,DGDG,and TAG,are proposed to play a major role in cotton anther development.We also showed that an excessive level of MGDG and DGDG caused jasmonic acid(JA) overaccumulation in MS anthers,which in turn inhibited the expression of GhFAD3 and consequently reduced the C18:3 content,presumably via a feedback regulation mechanism,ultimately affecting plant fertility.Together,our results revealed the importance of a balanced lipid metabolism in regulating the development of cotton anther and pollen and consequently male fertility.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31930032)。
文摘Mutations and rearrangements of mitochondrial genes cause plant cytoplasmic male sterility. It is a significant way to utilize hybrid vigor to enhance crop yield. Ogu cytoplasmic male sterility(CMS) is a natural cytoplasmic male sterility type discovered in radishes, being successfully transferred to rapeseed and cruciferous vegetables. However, current studies lack depth in exploring the molecular mechanisms of its male sterility. This study confirmed that orf138 is the causal gene for Ogu CMS through the genetic transformation in Arabidopsis. Transcriptome analysis of aborted anthers in different stages suggested that differentially expressed genes(DEGs) are mainly enriched in pathways such as glycerophospholipid metabolism and arginine and proline metabolism. It reveals that key genes involved in lipid metabolism pathways are significantly down-regulated in the sterile line(OguA), including BnaGPAT1, localized within the tapetum mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum. This could lead to changes in the metabolism of substances like acylglycerols within the tapetum, causing disruptions in lipid metabolism. This is consistent with morphological and subcellular structural changes in the tapetum and microspore cells, as observed in the transmission electron microscopy. This abnormal lipid metabolism may trigger specific reactive oxygen species(ROS) accumulation in an oxidative stress response, ultimately leading to an aborted microspore. Our study based on transcriptome has deepened our understanding of the molecular mechanisms in Ogu CMS.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32472185)the Key Research and Development Program of Hubei Province,China(Grant No.2022BFE003)the Hubei Agriculture Science and Technology Innovation Center program,and the National Rice Industry Technology System,China(Grant No.CARS-01-07).
文摘Honglian type-cytoplasmic male sterility(HL-CMS)is caused by the inter-communication between the nucleus and mitochondria.However,the mechanisms by which sterility genes regulate metabolic alterations and changes in mitochondrial morphology in the pollen of HL-CMS remain unclear.In this study,we compared the morphological differences between the pollen of the male sterile line YA and the near-isogenic line NIL-Rf6 using hematoxylin-eosin staining and 4ʹ,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole(DAPI)staining.HL-CMS is characterized by gametophytic sterility,where the aborted pollen grains are empty,and the tapetal layer remains intact.Transmission electron microscopy was employed to observe mitochondrial morphological changes at the microspore stage,revealing significant mitochondrial alterations,characterized by the formation of'large spherical mitochondria',occurred at the binucleate stage in the YA line.Additionally,metabolomics analysis revealed decreased levels of metabolites associated with the carbohydrate and flavonoid pathways.Notably,the decrease in flavonoids was found to contribute to an elevation in reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels.Therefore,we propose a model in which rice fertility is modulated by the levels of pollen carbohydrates and flavonoid metabolites,with impaired mitochondrial energy production and reduced flavonoid biosynthesis as the main causes of ROS accumulation and pollen abortion in rice.
基金supported by the Project of National Key Research and Development Program‘Strategic Science and Technology Innovation Cooperation’Key Special Project(Grant No.2023YFE0206900)the 2115 Talent Development Program of China Agricultural University,the 111 project(B17043)the Project of Yazhouwan Scientific,Technological Administration of Sanya.
文摘Male sterile lines serve as a pivotal tool in plant breeding,offering an effective strategy for developing hybrid cultivars.In cucumber(Cucumis sativus L.),the creation of male sterile lines,most of which exhibit abnormal pollen development,is essential for harnessing heterosis.Accumulating evidence suggests that male sterility in plants is linked to the overaccumulation of Reactive Oxygen Species(ROS),which causes oxidative damage to biomolecules and cellular structures,ultimately leading to aberrant anther development(Li et al.,2004).
基金Supported by Sichuan Beef Cattle Innovation Team Construction Project of National Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System(SCCXTD-2025-13)Yaan City's"Challenge Prize Mechanism for Key Technologies"Project for Creating a National Modern Agricultural Industry Technology Innovation Center-Breeding of New Local Beef Cattle Groups in Yaan(kczx2023-2025-18)+1 种基金Yaan City's"Challenge Prize Mechanism for Key Technologies"Project for Creating a National Modern Agricultural Industry Technology Innovation Center-Integrated Application of High-Quality Beef Cattle Development Technology System(kczx2023-2025-22)Yaan City's"Challenge Prize Mechanism for Key Technologies"Project for Creating a National Modern Agricultural Industry Technology Innovation Center-Research and Integration of Key Technologies for Informatization in Yaan Beef Cattle Production(kczx2023-2025-26).
文摘Male dzo from the F1 to F3 generations are sterile,which impedes the utilization of hybrid vigor in dzo and constrains the development of plateau animal husbandry in China.The underlying mechanism of this phenomenon has long been a focal point in yak crossbreeding improvement research.This review summarizes the mechanisms underlying male sterility in dzo from histological,physiological,and multi-omics perspectives,providing research directions for further exploration of the mechanisms of male sterility in dzo.
文摘LK783 was found to be a good fertility restorer for K-type male sterility of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). RAPD and ISSR (inter-simple sequence repeat polymorphism) markers were employed to map the major restoring gene in LK783. Maintainer and restorer DNA pools were established using the extreme sterile and fertile plants among KJ5418A//911289/LK783 F 1 population, respectively. Four hundred and eighteen RAPD primers and 33 ISSR primers were used for screening polymorphisms between the two pools, and amplification bands using a RAPD primer of OPK18 and an ISSR primer of UBC-845 were found polymorphic between the two pools. Linkage analysis showed that OPK18 450 and UBC-845 800 were linked to the restoring gene in LK783. The distance between the restoring gene and OPK18 450 was (15.07±6.28) cM (centiMorgan), with the distance between the restoring gene and UBC-845 800 being (8.20±4.85) cM. The marker of UBC-845 800 was located on chromosome 1BS by amplifying nulli-tetrasomics and 1B ditelosomics of Chinese Spring with the primer of UBC-845, indicating that the restoring gene in LK783 was located on 1BS. The breeding for new fertility restorer lines of K-type cytoplasmic male sterility of wheat would be facilitated by using the two markers.
文摘In cultivated rice ( Oryza sativa L.), F-1 pollen sterility is controlled by at least 6 loci of the F, pollen sterility genes. To map S-b, one of loci, rice variety Taichung 65 (T65) carrying S-b(j)/S-b(j) and its near-isogenic line TIST2 carrying S-b(i)/S-b(i) were used to develop the mapping population. One hundred and fifty-eight microsatellite markers were selected to survey T65 and TISL2. RM13 on chromosome 5 was found to be polymorphic between them. Cosegregation indicated that RM13 was closely linked with locus S-b. Eleven RFLP markers were selected on the corresponding region from the genetic map of Rice Genome Research Program (RGP) of Japan to convert into sequence-tagged site (STS) markers. Amplicon length polymorphism (ALP) was carried out, but none of them was found to be polymorphic between T65 and TISL2. Then PCR-based RFLP (PBR) was done using six 4-nucleotide recognizing restriction endonucleases. Polymorphism was detected when PCR products of R830STS and R2213SSTS were digested with Taq I. Genetic analysis indicated that the distance between locus S-b and markers, R830STS, RM13 and R2213SSTS were 3.3 cM (centi-Morgan), 5.2 cM and 5.5 cM, respectively. These PCR-based markers could be directly used in marker-assisted selection. The technical system combining genetic mapping and PCR-based marker-assisted selection will facilitate the development of molecular breeding.
基金This work was supported by the National High Technology R&D Project of China (No.2002AA207009) and Wuhan Dawn Project for Youth (No. 20035002016-36).
文摘Northern blot analysis was conducted with mitochondrial RNA from seedling leaves, floral buds, and developing seeds of NCa CMS, maintainer line and fertile F1 using ten mitochondrial genes as probes. The results revealed that 9 out of the 10 mitochondrial genes, except for atp6, showed no difference in different tissues of the corresponding materials of NCα CMS system and that they might be constitutively expressed genes. Eight genes, such as orf139, orf222, atpl, cox1, cox2, cob, rm5S, and rm26S, showed no difference among the three tissues of all the materials detected. So the expression of these eight genes was not regulated by nuclear genes and was not tissue-specific. The transcripts of atp9 were identical among different tissues, but diverse among different materials, indicating that transcription of atp9 was neither controlled by nuclear gene nor tissue-specific. Gene atp6 displayed similar transcripts with the same size among different tissues of all the materials but differed in abundance among tissues of corresponding materials and its expression might be tissue-specific under regulation of nuclear gene. Moreover, three transcripts of orf222 were detected in the floral buds of NCa cms and fertile F1, but no transcript was detected in floral buds of the maintainer line.The transcription of orf139 was similar to that of orf222 but only two transcripts of 0.8 kb and 0.6 kb were produced. The atp9 probe detected a single transcript of 0.6 kb in NCa cms and in maintainer line and an additional transcript of 1.2 kb in fertile F1. The relationship of expression of orf222, orf139, and atp9 with NCa sterility was discussed.
文摘Histological changes that occur during microsporogenesis are documented in a gene-cytoplasmic male sterile rice ( Oryza saliva L.) line, Zhen Shan 97A, its maintainer line, Zhen Shan 97B, and the restorer line, Ce64 of a Mine hybrid rice production system. In the restorer line, Ce64, the developing microsporocytes have dense cytoplasm and a distinct set of circumferential microtubules around the nucleus. Successive cytokinesis results in the formation of tetrads. The microtubules within the cells of tetrads and microspores radiate from the surface of the nucleus towards the outer edge of the cytoplasm. Subsequent pollen development is normal. During the course of microspore formation tubulin speckles can be found in the cytoplasm. The general pattern of development and microtubule organization in the maintainer lined Zhen Shan 97B, is similar to Ce64, except that a few more tubulin speckles appear during microspore formation. In the case of the mate sterile line, Zhen Shan 97A, a number of abnormalities can be discerned during early microsporogenesis. These include vacuoles forming within the developing microsporocyte and faintly stained microtubules with no defined distribution pattern. Prominent tubulin speckles are common within the cytoplasm. For those microsporocytes that undergo meiosis, no defined organizational patterns of microtubules can be found within the tetrad. All microspores abort soon after. Abnormalities and defects in microtubule organization observed in Zhen Shan 97A showed that complex interactions between the cytoplasm and the nucleus began at very early stage of microsporocyte development.
文摘Sterility changeover induced by low temperature in male sterility line CMS7311 of heading Chinese cabbage ( Brassica campestris L. ssp. penkinsis) was investigated under constant temperature, day/night alternating temperature in light-growth-incubator and outdoor natural day/night alternating temperature respectively. It showed that the sterility of CMS7311 has significant change with temperature. The constant temperature of 6 - 12 degreesC was suitable to induce the changeover of sterility (CGS) of CMS7311 ; the shortest treatment time for CGS induction at this temperature was 3 d. The significant value of sterility changeover of CMS7311 occurred at the constant temperature of 6 - 9 degreesC after treatment for 6 - 9 d. The intensity of CGS was stronger under constant temperature than under alternate temperature, but the shortest treatment time inducing CGS has no difference between them. When treated for 9 d under the day/night alternating temperature of 11/7 degreesC, its sterility could also turn to normal fertility (near to sterile grade I or zero). In normal condition, the interval from the end of temperature treatment to the beginning of CGS induction was 10 - 16 d. In the condition of natural day/night alternating temperature, the lower limit of temperature for effective CGS induction was at the daily mean temperature ( DMT) of 3. 5 - 6. 8 degreesC, and the shortest treatment time which could induce the sterility changeover was also longer than that under constant temperature, being 11d at DMT of 1.5 - 3.1 degreesC. In addition, for the apical dominance, the flower bud on the first lateral branch showed the CGS 8 - 10 d later than the flower bud on the main stem under the same temperature with the same days of treatment. The intensity of CGS of CMS7311 on the first lateral branch was also weaker than the flower bud on the main stem.
基金the National Natural Foundation of China (30400283)~~
文摘[ Objective] In order to study the relation between the HSPTO gene and male sterility of plant further. [ Methods ] Anther specific expression promoter Osg6B of rice was coloned by PCR then connected with HSP70 antisense fragment to construct HSPTO antisense expression vector. The expression vector was identified by PCR experiment and enzyme digestion. [ Result] The sequence of coloned Osg6B promoter had 97% homology to the published sequence, and the cis-regulatory element in promoter area was integrated. HSP70 antisense expression vector driven by the promoter Osg6B was confired by colony PCR and enzyme digestion. [ Conclusion] The construction of expression vector would lay solid foundation for utilization of genetic engineering male sterility of plant.
基金Supported by 2009 Program of State Ethnic Affairs Commission(09XBE)the foundation of Beijing Nationality University(2006Y038)~~
文摘Botanical features of "YX-1" reproductive organ and bearing rate by number of pollen granules in pollen sacs of Lycium chinensis was observed and researched through field investigation, smear preparation and paraffin sections. YX-1 of Lycium chinensis was determined as incomplete male sterility and further classified into complete sterile type, sterile type I and sterile type II. The fertility standard of male sterility of Lycium chinensis was preliminarily proposed to establish a basis for crossbreeding of male sterility of Lycium chinensis.
基金Supported by the Project of Meteorological Service Website Construction for HainanBreeding(Qiong Nong Ji Cai No.[2013]18 of Hainan Provincial Department of Agriculture)~~
文摘Using the meteorological data and geographical information during January-March（1961-2010） accumulated by 18 stations of Hainan,a suitability zoning map for thermo-sensitive genetic male sterility（TGMS） rice was made by GIS technology based on temperature indicators required by TGMS rice during fertility sensitive period and heading-flowering period,aiming to provide reasonable layout and scientific basis for sustainable development of TGMS rice in Hainan Island under the background of global warming.The results indicated that the suitable planting zones covered the south regions of Wuzhishan,Jianfengling and Diaoluoshan;subordinate suitable zones expanded northward to central parts of Wuzhishan,Dongfang,Changjiang,Qiongzhong and southern parts of Wanning;the other regions were unsuitable for breeding.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia(200711020307)Public Industry ( Agriculture)Specific Re-search Program of Ministry of Agriculture (nyhyzx07-010)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim was to research the genetic mechanism of barley male sterility, and provide the theoretical reference for breeding strong heterosis hybrid of barley. [ Method] Fertility segregation phenomenon, morphological characteristics and main agronomic characters of male sterility character of 4 kinds of barley male sterility materials 2001 - 17, 2001 - 37, 2001 - 84 and 2001 - 116 and their dedved lines were observed and researched.[ Result] Barley male sterility existed genetic phenomenon of single dominant nuclear gene caused by environmental stimulation, its sterility controlled by MS, the sterile genotype was MSms. There was stable nucleo-cytoplasmic inheritance on barley male sterility which was controlled by cytoplasmic mate sterile gene S and nuclear gene rr, and its genotype was S（rr）, this male sterility belonged to CMS type sterility. Temperature had no effect on fertility. [ Conclusion] There was stable nucleo-cytoplasmic inheritance on barley male sterility, this result played a positively promoting role in barley practical production.
