A new kind of step-flow growth mode is proposed,which adopts sidewall as step source on patterned GaN substrate.The terrace width of steps originated from the sidewall was found to change with the growth temperature a...A new kind of step-flow growth mode is proposed,which adopts sidewall as step source on patterned GaN substrate.The terrace width of steps originated from the sidewall was found to change with the growth temperature and ammonia flux.The growth mechanism is explained and simulated based on step motion model.This work helps better understand the behaviors of step advancement and puts forward a method of precisely modulating atomic steps.展开更多
为兼顾“双碳”目标与能源保供底线,提升能源系统源荷侧降碳能力,在有效挖掘系统降碳潜能的同时,缓解火电装机总量增长与风电消纳之间的矛盾,文章将绿氨生产、氨煤混燃以及多种灵活性资源结合构成绿氨耦合发电单元,同时考虑碳捕集等低...为兼顾“双碳”目标与能源保供底线,提升能源系统源荷侧降碳能力,在有效挖掘系统降碳潜能的同时,缓解火电装机总量增长与风电消纳之间的矛盾,文章将绿氨生产、氨煤混燃以及多种灵活性资源结合构成绿氨耦合发电单元,同时考虑碳捕集等低碳技术,并应用碳排放流理论,提出了考虑绿氨替代与多元阶梯碳势需求响应的综合能源虚拟电厂(integrated energy virtual power plant,IEVPP)低碳经济调度模型,以降低系统碳排放并提升系统经济性。首先,将绿氨替代作为解决风电供用能不匹配问题的手段,并将其与燃煤机组掺氨技术结合,分析其能量流动与低碳特性;其次,将电-碳-氢-氨多元耦合过程引入IEVPP,从而促进了风电消纳,提升了系统调节能力;最后,依托碳排放流理论,通过动态碳排放因子提出了多元阶梯碳势需求响应模型,从源荷两侧充分挖掘系统降碳潜能。算例仿真分析结果表明,所构建的考虑绿氨替代IEVPP联合多元阶梯碳势需求响应可有效降低系统碳排放量,提升系统经济性。展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB2802801)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61834008,U21A20493)+1 种基金the Key Research and Development Program of Jiangsu Province(BE2020004,BE2021008-1)the Suzhou Key Laboratory of New-type Laser Display Technology(SZS2022007).
文摘A new kind of step-flow growth mode is proposed,which adopts sidewall as step source on patterned GaN substrate.The terrace width of steps originated from the sidewall was found to change with the growth temperature and ammonia flux.The growth mechanism is explained and simulated based on step motion model.This work helps better understand the behaviors of step advancement and puts forward a method of precisely modulating atomic steps.
文摘为兼顾“双碳”目标与能源保供底线,提升能源系统源荷侧降碳能力,在有效挖掘系统降碳潜能的同时,缓解火电装机总量增长与风电消纳之间的矛盾,文章将绿氨生产、氨煤混燃以及多种灵活性资源结合构成绿氨耦合发电单元,同时考虑碳捕集等低碳技术,并应用碳排放流理论,提出了考虑绿氨替代与多元阶梯碳势需求响应的综合能源虚拟电厂(integrated energy virtual power plant,IEVPP)低碳经济调度模型,以降低系统碳排放并提升系统经济性。首先,将绿氨替代作为解决风电供用能不匹配问题的手段,并将其与燃煤机组掺氨技术结合,分析其能量流动与低碳特性;其次,将电-碳-氢-氨多元耦合过程引入IEVPP,从而促进了风电消纳,提升了系统调节能力;最后,依托碳排放流理论,通过动态碳排放因子提出了多元阶梯碳势需求响应模型,从源荷两侧充分挖掘系统降碳潜能。算例仿真分析结果表明,所构建的考虑绿氨替代IEVPP联合多元阶梯碳势需求响应可有效降低系统碳排放量,提升系统经济性。
