Demand-responsive transportation has been introduced in many cities around the world.However,whether it is applicable in the railway is still questionable,an exploration of passenger choice behavior between demandresp...Demand-responsive transportation has been introduced in many cities around the world.However,whether it is applicable in the railway is still questionable,an exploration of passenger choice behavior between demandresponsive trains and pre-scheduled trains is pivotal in addressing this issue.To delve into passengers’choice preferences when facing demand-responsive trains and to dissect the feasibility of implementing demandresponsive service in high-speed railways,the stated preference survey method is employed to investigate travel intention of passengers.Based on the survey data obtained in China,the heterogeneity of passengers is analyzed from three aspects:personal socio-economic characteristics,travel characteristics,and travel mode choice.Considering the situation that demand-responsive train cannot operate,the risk attributes are considered.To bolster the appeal of demand-responsive trains,personalized service product attributes are added.Mixed Logit mode,which takes into account the heterogeneous travel choice behavior of passengers,is developed,and Maximum Likelihood Estimation and the Monte Carlo method are used to calibrate model parameters.The willingness to pay in terms of different factors of passengers is determined.The results indicate that early arrival deviation time,late arrival deviation time,demand response time,and success rate of ticket purchase remarkable influence passengers’decision regarding demand-responsive train,with only the success rate of ticket purchase positively impacting train choice.Moreover,the significant difference in train ticket price is observed solely in the self-funded long distance scenario,while demand-responsive trains are found to be particularly appealing in self-funded short distance scenario.Through the Willingness To Pay(WTP)analysis,it is discovered that by shortening demand response time,enhancing the success rate of ticket purchase,and minimizing the deviation times of early arrival and late arrival of trains,the attractiveness of the demand-responsive train to passengers under three travel scenarios can be augmented.This study provides profound insights into the possibility of railway enterprises operating demand-responsive trains.展开更多
In this paper,we introduce the combining stated preference and revealed preference methods which is the state-ofthe-art method for the valuation of non-market goods.Revealed preference methods and stated preference (S...In this paper,we introduce the combining stated preference and revealed preference methods which is the state-ofthe-art method for the valuation of non-market goods.Revealed preference methods and stated preference (SP) methods have both been applied by economists in valuing non-market goods;however both methods have inherent weaknesses.In order to exploit the strengths of the various approaches while minimizing their weaknesses,combining the two methods has become an important methodological option.Up to now,a growing number of literatures of studying combing the two types of data have evolved,and researchers developed three types of models to estimate combining revealed preference and stated preference data in academic fields:discrete choice model,continuous choice model and mixed choice model.Combining stated and revealed preference methods have been developed fast especially in the transport study field in which ideas could also be leant for environmental economic studies.展开更多
In this article, linear regular index 2 DAEs A（t）[D（t）x（t）]＇ ＋ B（t）x（t） = q（t） are considered. Using a decoupling technique, initial condition and boundary condition are properly formulated. Regular inde...In this article, linear regular index 2 DAEs A（t）[D（t）x（t）]＇ ＋ B（t）x（t） = q（t） are considered. Using a decoupling technique, initial condition and boundary condition are properly formulated. Regular index 1 DAEs are obtained by a regularization method. We study the behavior of the solution of the regularization system via asymptotic expansions. The error analysis between the solutions of the DAEs and its regularization system is given.展开更多
On July 2,2002, Bureau of International Exhibition’s (BIE) 131st General Assemblywas convened in Paris. The assembly examined the investigation report by BIE InvestigationDelegation for those application countries. V...On July 2,2002, Bureau of International Exhibition’s (BIE) 131st General Assemblywas convened in Paris. The assembly examined the investigation report by BIE InvestigationDelegation for those application countries. Various application countries stated reportsrespectively.The Chinese Government Delegation headed by State Councilor Wu Yi attended the assembly, and stated report on China’s Shanghai making application to hold 2010 World Fair.展开更多
To decide about irvestments in appropriate seismic vulnerability reduction and resilience enhancement mea-sures,policymakers need to acquire adequate insight into the value of a statistical life(VSL).The VSL measures ...To decide about irvestments in appropriate seismic vulnerability reduction and resilience enhancement mea-sures,policymakers need to acquire adequate insight into the value of a statistical life(VSL).The VSL measures the monetary value the public assigns to reducing mortality due to a specific risk(e.g-.dying from an earthquake)over a given period.In the absence of appropriate models to estimate the context-specific VSL for a given community,past studies have resorted to approaches such as using the VSL estimated for other purposes(e.g.,transportation and environmental safety)or other countries(e.g,the US).This can lead to under-or over-estimation of VSL,misappropriation of the funds for seismic vulnerability reduction programs,and adverse economic,political,and social consequences.This study proposes a methodology that follows the stated pref-erence binary choice approach to estimate the willingness to pay(WTP)to reduce the risk of earthquake-induced mortalities.The proposed method,which is applied to quantify VSL in Iran,involves using a questionnaire to collect the needed information about people's choices when investing in various risk reduction measures.It uses a test containing positivity and proportionality components to check the responses'consistency.Regression modeling is used to estimate the respondents'WTP and VSL.展开更多
The conventional traffic demand forecasting methods based on revealed preference （RP） data are not able to predict the modal split. Passengers＇ stated intentions are indispensable for modal split forecasting and ev...The conventional traffic demand forecasting methods based on revealed preference （RP） data are not able to predict the modal split. Passengers＇ stated intentions are indispensable for modal split forecasting and evaluation of new traffic modes. This paper analyzed the biases and errors included in stated preference data, put forward the new stochastic utility functions, and proposed an unbiased disaggregate model and its approximate model based on the combination of RP and stated preference （SP） data, with analysis of the parameter estimation algorithm. The model was also used to forecast rail transit passenger volumes to the Beijing Capital International Airport and the shift ratios from current traffic modes to rail transit. Experimental results show that the model can greatly increase forecasting accuracy of the modal split ratio of current traffic modes and can accurately forecast the shift ratios from current modes to the new mode.展开更多
Metasurfaces are artificial structures that can finely control the characteristics of electromagnetic waves at subwavelength scales,and they are widely used to manipulate the propagation,phase,amplitude,and polariza⁃t...Metasurfaces are artificial structures that can finely control the characteristics of electromagnetic waves at subwavelength scales,and they are widely used to manipulate the propagation,phase,amplitude,and polariza⁃tion of light.In this work,a bound state in the continuum(BIC)structure based on a metallic metasurface is pro⁃posed.By adjusting the metallic structure using CST and COMSOL software,a significant quasi-BIC peak can be achieved at a frequency of 0.8217 terahertz(THz).Through multi-level expansion analysis,it is found that the electric dipole(ED)is the main factor contributing to the resonant characteristics of the structure.By leveraging the characteristics of BIC,an imaging system was created and operated.According to the simulation results,the imaging system demonstrated excellent sensitivity and resolution,revealing the great potential of terahertz imag⁃ing.This research not only provides new ideas for the creation of BIC structures but also offers an effective refer⁃ence for the development of high-performance terahertz imaging technology.展开更多
Objective Sepsis patients exhibit diverse immune states,making it crucial to identify subtypes with distinct inflammatory profiles through Th1/Th2 cytokine data for personalized treatment and improved prognosis.Method...Objective Sepsis patients exhibit diverse immune states,making it crucial to identify subtypes with distinct inflammatory profiles through Th1/Th2 cytokine data for personalized treatment and improved prognosis.Methods We retrieved data from sepsis patients who underwent Th1/Th2 cytokine testing in Nanfang Hospital,Southern Medical University from June 1,2020,to February 1,2022.An unsupervised K-means clustering method classified participants based on Th1/Th2 cytokine levels,with the primary outcome being the 7-day mortality rate post-ICU admission.Cox proportional hazards and Restricted Mean Survival Time(RMST)analyses were utilized to explore survival outcomes.Results A total of 321 sepsis patients were included.IL-6(HR 1.69,95%CI:1.22,2.34)and IL-10(HR 1.81,95%CI:1.37,2.40)emerged as independent predictors of 7-day mortality.Unsupervised K-means clustering revealed 3 inflammatory/immune subgroups:Cluster 1(n=166,low inflammatory response),Cluster 2(n=99,moderate inflammatory response with immune suppression),and Cluster 3(n=56,strong inflammatory and immune suppression).Compared to Cluster 1,Clusters 2 and 3 had higher 7-day mortality risks(14.4%vs 23.2%,HR=4.30,95%CI:1.51-12.26;14.4%vs 35.7%,HR=7.32,95%CI:2.57-20.79).Conclusion Septic patients in a protective immune response state(Cluster 1)exhibit better short-term prognoses,suggesting the importance of understanding inflammatory/immune states for precise treatment and improved outcomes.展开更多
Interplay between topology and magnetism can give rise to exotic properties in topological materials.Two-dimensional bismuth has been extensively studied owing to its topological states with a strong spin-orbit coupli...Interplay between topology and magnetism can give rise to exotic properties in topological materials.Two-dimensional bismuth has been extensively studied owing to its topological states with a strong spin-orbit coupling,and 1T-VTe_(2)monolayer theoretically predicted to host an intrinsic magnetism as experimentally suggested.In this work,we successfully constructed a vertical heterostructure composed of the two-dimensional Bi(110)monolayer and 1T-VTe_(2)monolayer by using molecular beam epitaxy(MBE).Scanning tunneling microscopy(STM)measurements revealed that the growth of Bi preferably occurs along the step edges of the VTe_(2)monolayer,forming a Bi(110)monolayer on top of the VTe_(2)monolayer next to a peripheral Bi bilayer.The Bi(100)/VTe_(2)heterostructure exhibits a specific lattice registry with a well-defined moiréperiodicity.Scanning tunneling spectroscopy(STS)measurements further unveiled an universal suppression in the local density-of-states at the boundary of the Bi(110)/VTe_(2)bilayer.By examining the atomic structures of Bi(110)boundaries,we found this effect does not originate from the previously proposed atomic reconstruction at the step edge of Bi(110),but is likely related to the magnetic properties of the VTe_(2)monolayer.展开更多
High-performance deep-blue emitters that meet the BT.2020 standard proposed by the International Telecommunication Union(ITU)for organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs)remain highly limited.In this work,four deep-blue em...High-performance deep-blue emitters that meet the BT.2020 standard proposed by the International Telecommunication Union(ITU)for organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs)remain highly limited.In this work,four deep-blue emitters,PP1M,PP2M,PP3M,and PP4M,are designed and synthesized by connecting methylsubstituted biphenyl groups with classical hot exciton building block of phenanthreneimidazole.The introduction of methyl groups contributes to increase the molecular torsion angle and widen the energy gaps for the four compounds.Through appropriate modulation of substitution site,PP3M achieves the highest photoluminescence quantum yield of 85.3%in neat film.As a result,the PP3M-based device exhibits deep-blue light with external quantum efficiency of 7.2%and suppressed efficiency roll-off.The device also shows a small full width at half maximum of 53 nm and the CIE coordinates locate at(0.16,0.04),meeting well with the BT.2020 standard.The high exciton utilization efficiency is primarily ascribed to the hot exciton pathway.This study provides a reliable insight for the design of efficient deep-blue OLEDs with high color purity.展开更多
This study systematically investigates the cyclization reaction mechanisms between n-C_(4)H_(3)(1-buten-3-yn-1-yl)and i-C_(4)H_(3)(2-buten-3-yn-1-yl)radicals with acetylene(C_(2)H_(2))using density functional theory(D...This study systematically investigates the cyclization reaction mechanisms between n-C_(4)H_(3)(1-buten-3-yn-1-yl)and i-C_(4)H_(3)(2-buten-3-yn-1-yl)radicals with acetylene(C_(2)H_(2))using density functional theory(DFT)and transition state theory(TST).The results reveal that the reaction of n-C_(4)H_(3)with acetylene proceeds via a radical chain mechanism through an additioncyclization pathway,yielding phenyl(sixmembered ring),fulvenyl(five-membered ring),and four-membered ring intermediates.The product formation rates follow the order:fulvenyl(five-membered ring)>phenyl(six-membered ring)>four-membered ring.For i-C_(4)H_(3),the intermediate structures depend on the carbon position of i-C_(4)H_(3)where acetylene addition occurs:addition at the C2 position predominantly generates fulvenyl(five-membered ring)as the primary product,whereas addition at the C4 position may lead to phenyl(six-membered ring),fulvenyl(five-membered ring),or four-membered ring intermediates,with the four-membered ring forming most rapidly and the six-membered ring the slowest.Theoretical analyses demonstrate that the selectivity of reaction pathways is primarily governed by structural differences between the isomers.This work provides atomic-scale insights into the cyclization processes between acetylene and C_(4)H_(3)species,establishing a foundation for refining models of soot precursor formation.展开更多
Classical computation of electronic properties in large-scale materials remains challenging.Quantum computation has the potential to offer advantages in memory footprint and computational scaling.However,general and v...Classical computation of electronic properties in large-scale materials remains challenging.Quantum computation has the potential to offer advantages in memory footprint and computational scaling.However,general and viable quantum algorithms for simulating large-scale materials are still limited.We propose and implement random-state quantum algorithms to calculate electronic-structure properties of real materials.Using a random state circuit on a small number of qubits,we employ real-time evolution with first-order Trotter decomposition and Hadamard test to obtain electronic density of states,and we develop a modified quantum phase estimation algorithm to calculate real-space local density of states via direct quantum measurements.Furthermore,we validate these algorithms by numerically computing the density of states and spatial distributions of electronic states in graphene,twisted bilayer graphene quasicrystals,and fractal lattices,covering system sizes from hundreds to thousands of atoms.Our results manifest that the random-state quantum algorithms provide a general and qubit-efficient route to scalable simulations of electronic properties in large-scale periodic and aperiodic materials.展开更多
Every developing country has plans.Five-year frameworks,industrial master plans and poverty reduction strategies accumulate in ministerial offices year after year.Shelves fill.Expectations rise.Outcomes lag.The proble...Every developing country has plans.Five-year frameworks,industrial master plans and poverty reduction strategies accumulate in ministerial offices year after year.Shelves fill.Expectations rise.Outcomes lag.The problem is rarely vision.It is execution.China’s annual Two Sessions offer a window for the outside world to understand China’s governance system.Formally,they are the concurrent meetings of the National People’s Congress(NPC)and the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference.Substantively,they function as the central coordination mechanism of a developmental state that treats governance as an exercise in disciplined delivery.展开更多
Self-trapped excitons(STEs),known for their unique radiative properties,have been harnessed in diverse photonic devices;however,their comprehensive understanding and manipulation remain elusive.In this study,we presen...Self-trapped excitons(STEs),known for their unique radiative properties,have been harnessed in diverse photonic devices;however,their comprehensive understanding and manipulation remain elusive.In this study,we present novel experimental and theoretical evidence revealing the hybrid nature and optical tunability of STE state in Cs_(2)Ag_(0.4)Na_(0.6)InCl_(6).The detection of the Fano resonance in laser energy-dependent Raman and photoluminescence spectra indicates the emergence of an exciton-phonon hybrid state,arising from robust quantum interference between the discrete phonon and continuum exciton states.Moreover,we demonstrate continuous tuning of this hybrid state with the energy and intensity of the laser field.These findings lay the foundation for a comprehensive understanding of the nature of STE and their potential for state control.展开更多
In conventional higher-order topological insulators(HOTIs),the emergence of topological states can be explained by using the nonzero bulk polarization index.However,corner states emerge in HOTIs with incomplete bounda...In conventional higher-order topological insulators(HOTIs),the emergence of topological states can be explained by using the nonzero bulk polarization index.However,corner states emerge in HOTIs with incomplete boundary unit cells(i.e.,boundary defects)even though the bulk polarization is zero,which challenges the conventional understanding of HOTIs.Here,based on a Kekul´e-distorted honeycomb lattice with incomplete unit cells,we reveal that incomplete unit cells exhibit fractional charges through the analysis of Wannier centers by developing a compensation method and creating the concept of Wannier center domain(WCD)which is the smallest region that one Wannier center occupies.This method compensates for the missing parts of these boundary incomplete unit cells with additional WCDs to make them complete.The compensated WCDs automatically carry the corresponding charge,and this charge together with that of the incomplete unit cell constitutes the total charge of the complete unit cell after compensation.We conclude that the emergence of corner states is attributed to the filling anomaly,which is a fundamental mechanism.Our results refresh the understanding of HOTIs,especially those with structural discontinuities,and provide a novel design for topological states which have application value in producing optical functional devices.展开更多
President Xi Jinping Chooses Southeast Asia for First Overseas Visit of 2025 From April 14 to 18,2025,Chinese President Xi Jinping conducted state visits to Vietnam,Malaysia,and Cambodia.China and Vietnam are socialis...President Xi Jinping Chooses Southeast Asia for First Overseas Visit of 2025 From April 14 to 18,2025,Chinese President Xi Jinping conducted state visits to Vietnam,Malaysia,and Cambodia.China and Vietnam are socialist neighbors linked by mountains and rivers,and the China-Vietnam community with a shared future carries strategic significance.展开更多
Apparel exports China:The decline in exports widened from January to September(-2.4%,compared to-0.2%in January-June).Exports to the EU increased(+5.9%),though the growth rate moderated.Exports to the US saw a larger ...Apparel exports China:The decline in exports widened from January to September(-2.4%,compared to-0.2%in January-June).Exports to the EU increased(+5.9%),though the growth rate moderated.Exports to the US saw a larger contraction(January-June:-1.6%,January-September:-8.2%).While exports to ASEAN countries still fell by over 10%(-17.7%),shipments to the Philippines(+6.9%),Indonesia(+19.0%),and Cambodia(+64.9%)demonstrated stronger growth performance within the year.Regarding tariffs,on October 30,China and the US agreed to lower the rates on goods subject to additional duties(effectively reducing the average tariff rate on Chinese imports to the US from about 57%to approximately 47%,though this remains significantly higher than the 19.5%overall average rate applied to other countries).展开更多
Photothermal synergistic catalytic systems for treating volatile organic compounds(VOCs)have attracted signif-icant attention due to their energy efficiency and potential to reduce carbon emissions.However,the mechani...Photothermal synergistic catalytic systems for treating volatile organic compounds(VOCs)have attracted signif-icant attention due to their energy efficiency and potential to reduce carbon emissions.However,the mechanism underlying the synergistic reaction remains a critical issue.This study introduces a photothermal synergistic system for the removal of ethyl acetate(EA)by synthesizing Cu-doped OMS-2(denoted as Cu-OMS-2).Under ultraviolet-visible(UV–Vis)irradiation in a flow system,the Cu-OMS-2 catalyst exhibited significantly enhanced performance in the EA degradation process,nearly doubling the effectiveness of pure OMS-2,and increasing carbon dioxide yield by 20%.This exceptional performance is attributed to the synergistic effect of increased oxygen vacancies(OV)at OMS-2 active sites and Cu doping,as confirmed by H2-TPR,O_(2)-TPD,and CO consump-tion measurements.This study clarifies the catalytic mechanism of light-assisted thermocatalysis and offers a novel strategy for designing photothermal catalysts with homogeneous Cu-doped nanorods for VOC removal.展开更多
Halide solid-state electrolytes have gained significant attention in recent years due to their high ionic conductivity,making them promising candidates for future all-solid-state batteries.Recent studies have identifi...Halide solid-state electrolytes have gained significant attention in recent years due to their high ionic conductivity,making them promising candidates for future all-solid-state batteries.Recent studies have identified numerous crystal structures with the Li_(3)MX_(6)composition,although many remain unexplored across various chemical systems.In this research,we developed a comprehensive method to examine all conceivable space groups and structures within theLi-M-X system,where M includes In,Ga,and La,and X includes F,Cl,Br,and 1.Our findings revealed two metastable structures:Li_(3)InF_(6)with P3c1 symmetry and Li_(3)InI_(6)with C2/c symmetry,exhibiting ionic conductivities of 0.55 and 2.18mS/cm at 300K,respectively.Notably,the trigonal symmetry of Li3InF6 demonstrates that high ionic conductivities are not limited to monoclinic structures but can also be achieved with trigonal symmetries.The electrochemical stability windows,mechanical properties,and reaction energies of these materials with known cathodes suggest their potential for use in all-solid-state batteries.Additionally,we predicted the stability of novel materials,including Li_(5)InCl_(8),Li_(5)InBr_(8),Li_(5)InI_(8),LiIn_(2)Cl_(9),LiIn_(2)Br_(9),and LiIn_(2)I_(9).展开更多
The objective of the current study is to investigate an adaptive predictive observer-based autopilot for a skid-to-turn(STT)missile model with uncertainties and unknown dynamic equations.A predictive control for the S...The objective of the current study is to investigate an adaptive predictive observer-based autopilot for a skid-to-turn(STT)missile model with uncertainties and unknown dynamic equations.A predictive control for the STT missile is designed based on nonlinear model predictive control(NMPC)using Taylor series expansion,after which,via a neural network(NN),unknown functions are approximated.The present study also evaluates an adaptive optimal observer of a new strategy-based nonlinear system.Specifically,to estimate the missile states such as normal acceleration and its derivatives for the future,originally the Taylor series states expansion was gained to any specified order,based on their receding horizons.To address the problem of prediction error,an analytic solution was prepared that led to a closed form regarding the nonlinear optimal observer.Out of the gains resulting from the analytic solution,as developed for the problem of prediction error,the selection of the proposed observer gain was optimally conducted to meet the stability condition.Thus,combining the adaptive predictive autopilot and the adaptive optimal observer scheme was implemented to secure the performance,which needed only estimated normal acceleration and its derivatives.Meanwhile,no angular velocity measurement or wind angle estimation was required.Ultimately,the proposed technique was found effective,as confirmed by the qualitative simulation results.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.72471023,71971019)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2024QYBS025).
文摘Demand-responsive transportation has been introduced in many cities around the world.However,whether it is applicable in the railway is still questionable,an exploration of passenger choice behavior between demandresponsive trains and pre-scheduled trains is pivotal in addressing this issue.To delve into passengers’choice preferences when facing demand-responsive trains and to dissect the feasibility of implementing demandresponsive service in high-speed railways,the stated preference survey method is employed to investigate travel intention of passengers.Based on the survey data obtained in China,the heterogeneity of passengers is analyzed from three aspects:personal socio-economic characteristics,travel characteristics,and travel mode choice.Considering the situation that demand-responsive train cannot operate,the risk attributes are considered.To bolster the appeal of demand-responsive trains,personalized service product attributes are added.Mixed Logit mode,which takes into account the heterogeneous travel choice behavior of passengers,is developed,and Maximum Likelihood Estimation and the Monte Carlo method are used to calibrate model parameters.The willingness to pay in terms of different factors of passengers is determined.The results indicate that early arrival deviation time,late arrival deviation time,demand response time,and success rate of ticket purchase remarkable influence passengers’decision regarding demand-responsive train,with only the success rate of ticket purchase positively impacting train choice.Moreover,the significant difference in train ticket price is observed solely in the self-funded long distance scenario,while demand-responsive trains are found to be particularly appealing in self-funded short distance scenario.Through the Willingness To Pay(WTP)analysis,it is discovered that by shortening demand response time,enhancing the success rate of ticket purchase,and minimizing the deviation times of early arrival and late arrival of trains,the attractiveness of the demand-responsive train to passengers under three travel scenarios can be augmented.This study provides profound insights into the possibility of railway enterprises operating demand-responsive trains.
文摘In this paper,we introduce the combining stated preference and revealed preference methods which is the state-ofthe-art method for the valuation of non-market goods.Revealed preference methods and stated preference (SP) methods have both been applied by economists in valuing non-market goods;however both methods have inherent weaknesses.In order to exploit the strengths of the various approaches while minimizing their weaknesses,combining the two methods has become an important methodological option.Up to now,a growing number of literatures of studying combing the two types of data have evolved,and researchers developed three types of models to estimate combining revealed preference and stated preference data in academic fields:discrete choice model,continuous choice model and mixed choice model.Combining stated and revealed preference methods have been developed fast especially in the transport study field in which ideas could also be leant for environmental economic studies.
基金Project supported by the Foundation for the Authors of the National Excellent Doctoral Thesis Award of China (200720)
文摘In this article, linear regular index 2 DAEs A（t）[D（t）x（t）]＇ ＋ B（t）x（t） = q（t） are considered. Using a decoupling technique, initial condition and boundary condition are properly formulated. Regular index 1 DAEs are obtained by a regularization method. We study the behavior of the solution of the regularization system via asymptotic expansions. The error analysis between the solutions of the DAEs and its regularization system is given.
文摘On July 2,2002, Bureau of International Exhibition’s (BIE) 131st General Assemblywas convened in Paris. The assembly examined the investigation report by BIE InvestigationDelegation for those application countries. Various application countries stated reportsrespectively.The Chinese Government Delegation headed by State Councilor Wu Yi attended the assembly, and stated report on China’s Shanghai making application to hold 2010 World Fair.
文摘To decide about irvestments in appropriate seismic vulnerability reduction and resilience enhancement mea-sures,policymakers need to acquire adequate insight into the value of a statistical life(VSL).The VSL measures the monetary value the public assigns to reducing mortality due to a specific risk(e.g-.dying from an earthquake)over a given period.In the absence of appropriate models to estimate the context-specific VSL for a given community,past studies have resorted to approaches such as using the VSL estimated for other purposes(e.g.,transportation and environmental safety)or other countries(e.g,the US).This can lead to under-or over-estimation of VSL,misappropriation of the funds for seismic vulnerability reduction programs,and adverse economic,political,and social consequences.This study proposes a methodology that follows the stated pref-erence binary choice approach to estimate the willingness to pay(WTP)to reduce the risk of earthquake-induced mortalities.The proposed method,which is applied to quantify VSL in Iran,involves using a questionnaire to collect the needed information about people's choices when investing in various risk reduction measures.It uses a test containing positivity and proportionality components to check the responses'consistency.Regression modeling is used to estimate the respondents'WTP and VSL.
文摘The conventional traffic demand forecasting methods based on revealed preference （RP） data are not able to predict the modal split. Passengers＇ stated intentions are indispensable for modal split forecasting and evaluation of new traffic modes. This paper analyzed the biases and errors included in stated preference data, put forward the new stochastic utility functions, and proposed an unbiased disaggregate model and its approximate model based on the combination of RP and stated preference （SP） data, with analysis of the parameter estimation algorithm. The model was also used to forecast rail transit passenger volumes to the Beijing Capital International Airport and the shift ratios from current traffic modes to rail transit. Experimental results show that the model can greatly increase forecasting accuracy of the modal split ratio of current traffic modes and can accurately forecast the shift ratios from current modes to the new mode.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61927813,61865009,12104203)Jiangxi Provincial Natu-ral Science Foundation(20212ACB201007)。
文摘Metasurfaces are artificial structures that can finely control the characteristics of electromagnetic waves at subwavelength scales,and they are widely used to manipulate the propagation,phase,amplitude,and polariza⁃tion of light.In this work,a bound state in the continuum(BIC)structure based on a metallic metasurface is pro⁃posed.By adjusting the metallic structure using CST and COMSOL software,a significant quasi-BIC peak can be achieved at a frequency of 0.8217 terahertz(THz).Through multi-level expansion analysis,it is found that the electric dipole(ED)is the main factor contributing to the resonant characteristics of the structure.By leveraging the characteristics of BIC,an imaging system was created and operated.According to the simulation results,the imaging system demonstrated excellent sensitivity and resolution,revealing the great potential of terahertz imag⁃ing.This research not only provides new ideas for the creation of BIC structures but also offers an effective refer⁃ence for the development of high-performance terahertz imaging technology.
文摘Objective Sepsis patients exhibit diverse immune states,making it crucial to identify subtypes with distinct inflammatory profiles through Th1/Th2 cytokine data for personalized treatment and improved prognosis.Methods We retrieved data from sepsis patients who underwent Th1/Th2 cytokine testing in Nanfang Hospital,Southern Medical University from June 1,2020,to February 1,2022.An unsupervised K-means clustering method classified participants based on Th1/Th2 cytokine levels,with the primary outcome being the 7-day mortality rate post-ICU admission.Cox proportional hazards and Restricted Mean Survival Time(RMST)analyses were utilized to explore survival outcomes.Results A total of 321 sepsis patients were included.IL-6(HR 1.69,95%CI:1.22,2.34)and IL-10(HR 1.81,95%CI:1.37,2.40)emerged as independent predictors of 7-day mortality.Unsupervised K-means clustering revealed 3 inflammatory/immune subgroups:Cluster 1(n=166,low inflammatory response),Cluster 2(n=99,moderate inflammatory response with immune suppression),and Cluster 3(n=56,strong inflammatory and immune suppression).Compared to Cluster 1,Clusters 2 and 3 had higher 7-day mortality risks(14.4%vs 23.2%,HR=4.30,95%CI:1.51-12.26;14.4%vs 35.7%,HR=7.32,95%CI:2.57-20.79).Conclusion Septic patients in a protective immune response state(Cluster 1)exhibit better short-term prognoses,suggesting the importance of understanding inflammatory/immune states for precise treatment and improved outcomes.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2021YFA1400403)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12374183,92165205)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Grant No.BK20233001)the Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology(Grant No.2021ZD0302800)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.020414380207).
文摘Interplay between topology and magnetism can give rise to exotic properties in topological materials.Two-dimensional bismuth has been extensively studied owing to its topological states with a strong spin-orbit coupling,and 1T-VTe_(2)monolayer theoretically predicted to host an intrinsic magnetism as experimentally suggested.In this work,we successfully constructed a vertical heterostructure composed of the two-dimensional Bi(110)monolayer and 1T-VTe_(2)monolayer by using molecular beam epitaxy(MBE).Scanning tunneling microscopy(STM)measurements revealed that the growth of Bi preferably occurs along the step edges of the VTe_(2)monolayer,forming a Bi(110)monolayer on top of the VTe_(2)monolayer next to a peripheral Bi bilayer.The Bi(100)/VTe_(2)heterostructure exhibits a specific lattice registry with a well-defined moiréperiodicity.Scanning tunneling spectroscopy(STS)measurements further unveiled an universal suppression in the local density-of-states at the boundary of the Bi(110)/VTe_(2)bilayer.By examining the atomic structures of Bi(110)boundaries,we found this effect does not originate from the previously proposed atomic reconstruction at the step edge of Bi(110),but is likely related to the magnetic properties of the VTe_(2)monolayer.
文摘High-performance deep-blue emitters that meet the BT.2020 standard proposed by the International Telecommunication Union(ITU)for organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs)remain highly limited.In this work,four deep-blue emitters,PP1M,PP2M,PP3M,and PP4M,are designed and synthesized by connecting methylsubstituted biphenyl groups with classical hot exciton building block of phenanthreneimidazole.The introduction of methyl groups contributes to increase the molecular torsion angle and widen the energy gaps for the four compounds.Through appropriate modulation of substitution site,PP3M achieves the highest photoluminescence quantum yield of 85.3%in neat film.As a result,the PP3M-based device exhibits deep-blue light with external quantum efficiency of 7.2%and suppressed efficiency roll-off.The device also shows a small full width at half maximum of 53 nm and the CIE coordinates locate at(0.16,0.04),meeting well with the BT.2020 standard.The high exciton utilization efficiency is primarily ascribed to the hot exciton pathway.This study provides a reliable insight for the design of efficient deep-blue OLEDs with high color purity.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB4301400)the Basic Science(Natural Science)Research Project for Higher Education Institutions in Jiangsu Province(24KJD580001)。
文摘This study systematically investigates the cyclization reaction mechanisms between n-C_(4)H_(3)(1-buten-3-yn-1-yl)and i-C_(4)H_(3)(2-buten-3-yn-1-yl)radicals with acetylene(C_(2)H_(2))using density functional theory(DFT)and transition state theory(TST).The results reveal that the reaction of n-C_(4)H_(3)with acetylene proceeds via a radical chain mechanism through an additioncyclization pathway,yielding phenyl(sixmembered ring),fulvenyl(five-membered ring),and four-membered ring intermediates.The product formation rates follow the order:fulvenyl(five-membered ring)>phenyl(six-membered ring)>four-membered ring.For i-C_(4)H_(3),the intermediate structures depend on the carbon position of i-C_(4)H_(3)where acetylene addition occurs:addition at the C2 position predominantly generates fulvenyl(five-membered ring)as the primary product,whereas addition at the C4 position may lead to phenyl(six-membered ring),fulvenyl(five-membered ring),or four-membered ring intermediates,with the four-membered ring forming most rapidly and the six-membered ring the slowest.Theoretical analyses demonstrate that the selectivity of reaction pathways is primarily governed by structural differences between the isomers.This work provides atomic-scale insights into the cyclization processes between acetylene and C_(4)H_(3)species,establishing a foundation for refining models of soot precursor formation.
基金supported by the Major Project for the Integration of ScienceEducation and Industry (Grant No.2025ZDZX02)。
文摘Classical computation of electronic properties in large-scale materials remains challenging.Quantum computation has the potential to offer advantages in memory footprint and computational scaling.However,general and viable quantum algorithms for simulating large-scale materials are still limited.We propose and implement random-state quantum algorithms to calculate electronic-structure properties of real materials.Using a random state circuit on a small number of qubits,we employ real-time evolution with first-order Trotter decomposition and Hadamard test to obtain electronic density of states,and we develop a modified quantum phase estimation algorithm to calculate real-space local density of states via direct quantum measurements.Furthermore,we validate these algorithms by numerically computing the density of states and spatial distributions of electronic states in graphene,twisted bilayer graphene quasicrystals,and fractal lattices,covering system sizes from hundreds to thousands of atoms.Our results manifest that the random-state quantum algorithms provide a general and qubit-efficient route to scalable simulations of electronic properties in large-scale periodic and aperiodic materials.
文摘Every developing country has plans.Five-year frameworks,industrial master plans and poverty reduction strategies accumulate in ministerial offices year after year.Shelves fill.Expectations rise.Outcomes lag.The problem is rarely vision.It is execution.China’s annual Two Sessions offer a window for the outside world to understand China’s governance system.Formally,they are the concurrent meetings of the National People’s Congress(NPC)and the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference.Substantively,they function as the central coordination mechanism of a developmental state that treats governance as an exercise in disciplined delivery.
基金funding support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12525405)funding support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12393831)the CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(Grant No.YSBR-120)。
文摘Self-trapped excitons(STEs),known for their unique radiative properties,have been harnessed in diverse photonic devices;however,their comprehensive understanding and manipulation remain elusive.In this study,we present novel experimental and theoretical evidence revealing the hybrid nature and optical tunability of STE state in Cs_(2)Ag_(0.4)Na_(0.6)InCl_(6).The detection of the Fano resonance in laser energy-dependent Raman and photoluminescence spectra indicates the emergence of an exciton-phonon hybrid state,arising from robust quantum interference between the discrete phonon and continuum exciton states.Moreover,we demonstrate continuous tuning of this hybrid state with the energy and intensity of the laser field.These findings lay the foundation for a comprehensive understanding of the nature of STE and their potential for state control.
基金supported by the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province (Grant Nos.2024JC-JCQN-06 and2025JC-QYCX-006)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.12474337)Chinese Academy of Sciences Project (Grant Nos.E4BA270100,E4Z127010F,E4Z6270100,and E53327020D)。
文摘In conventional higher-order topological insulators(HOTIs),the emergence of topological states can be explained by using the nonzero bulk polarization index.However,corner states emerge in HOTIs with incomplete boundary unit cells(i.e.,boundary defects)even though the bulk polarization is zero,which challenges the conventional understanding of HOTIs.Here,based on a Kekul´e-distorted honeycomb lattice with incomplete unit cells,we reveal that incomplete unit cells exhibit fractional charges through the analysis of Wannier centers by developing a compensation method and creating the concept of Wannier center domain(WCD)which is the smallest region that one Wannier center occupies.This method compensates for the missing parts of these boundary incomplete unit cells with additional WCDs to make them complete.The compensated WCDs automatically carry the corresponding charge,and this charge together with that of the incomplete unit cell constitutes the total charge of the complete unit cell after compensation.We conclude that the emergence of corner states is attributed to the filling anomaly,which is a fundamental mechanism.Our results refresh the understanding of HOTIs,especially those with structural discontinuities,and provide a novel design for topological states which have application value in producing optical functional devices.
文摘President Xi Jinping Chooses Southeast Asia for First Overseas Visit of 2025 From April 14 to 18,2025,Chinese President Xi Jinping conducted state visits to Vietnam,Malaysia,and Cambodia.China and Vietnam are socialist neighbors linked by mountains and rivers,and the China-Vietnam community with a shared future carries strategic significance.
文摘Apparel exports China:The decline in exports widened from January to September(-2.4%,compared to-0.2%in January-June).Exports to the EU increased(+5.9%),though the growth rate moderated.Exports to the US saw a larger contraction(January-June:-1.6%,January-September:-8.2%).While exports to ASEAN countries still fell by over 10%(-17.7%),shipments to the Philippines(+6.9%),Indonesia(+19.0%),and Cambodia(+64.9%)demonstrated stronger growth performance within the year.Regarding tariffs,on October 30,China and the US agreed to lower the rates on goods subject to additional duties(effectively reducing the average tariff rate on Chinese imports to the US from about 57%to approximately 47%,though this remains significantly higher than the 19.5%overall average rate applied to other countries).
基金supported by the Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences),the Basic Research Project of Science,Education and Industry Integration Pilot Project(No.2022PY047).
文摘Photothermal synergistic catalytic systems for treating volatile organic compounds(VOCs)have attracted signif-icant attention due to their energy efficiency and potential to reduce carbon emissions.However,the mechanism underlying the synergistic reaction remains a critical issue.This study introduces a photothermal synergistic system for the removal of ethyl acetate(EA)by synthesizing Cu-doped OMS-2(denoted as Cu-OMS-2).Under ultraviolet-visible(UV–Vis)irradiation in a flow system,the Cu-OMS-2 catalyst exhibited significantly enhanced performance in the EA degradation process,nearly doubling the effectiveness of pure OMS-2,and increasing carbon dioxide yield by 20%.This exceptional performance is attributed to the synergistic effect of increased oxygen vacancies(OV)at OMS-2 active sites and Cu doping,as confirmed by H2-TPR,O_(2)-TPD,and CO consump-tion measurements.This study clarifies the catalytic mechanism of light-assisted thermocatalysis and offers a novel strategy for designing photothermal catalysts with homogeneous Cu-doped nanorods for VOC removal.
基金supported by the Higher Education and Science Committee of Armenia in the frames of the research projects 20TTSG-2F010, 23AA-2F033 and ANSEF (EN-matsc-2660) grant.
文摘Halide solid-state electrolytes have gained significant attention in recent years due to their high ionic conductivity,making them promising candidates for future all-solid-state batteries.Recent studies have identified numerous crystal structures with the Li_(3)MX_(6)composition,although many remain unexplored across various chemical systems.In this research,we developed a comprehensive method to examine all conceivable space groups and structures within theLi-M-X system,where M includes In,Ga,and La,and X includes F,Cl,Br,and 1.Our findings revealed two metastable structures:Li_(3)InF_(6)with P3c1 symmetry and Li_(3)InI_(6)with C2/c symmetry,exhibiting ionic conductivities of 0.55 and 2.18mS/cm at 300K,respectively.Notably,the trigonal symmetry of Li3InF6 demonstrates that high ionic conductivities are not limited to monoclinic structures but can also be achieved with trigonal symmetries.The electrochemical stability windows,mechanical properties,and reaction energies of these materials with known cathodes suggest their potential for use in all-solid-state batteries.Additionally,we predicted the stability of novel materials,including Li_(5)InCl_(8),Li_(5)InBr_(8),Li_(5)InI_(8),LiIn_(2)Cl_(9),LiIn_(2)Br_(9),and LiIn_(2)I_(9).
文摘The objective of the current study is to investigate an adaptive predictive observer-based autopilot for a skid-to-turn(STT)missile model with uncertainties and unknown dynamic equations.A predictive control for the STT missile is designed based on nonlinear model predictive control(NMPC)using Taylor series expansion,after which,via a neural network(NN),unknown functions are approximated.The present study also evaluates an adaptive optimal observer of a new strategy-based nonlinear system.Specifically,to estimate the missile states such as normal acceleration and its derivatives for the future,originally the Taylor series states expansion was gained to any specified order,based on their receding horizons.To address the problem of prediction error,an analytic solution was prepared that led to a closed form regarding the nonlinear optimal observer.Out of the gains resulting from the analytic solution,as developed for the problem of prediction error,the selection of the proposed observer gain was optimally conducted to meet the stability condition.Thus,combining the adaptive predictive autopilot and the adaptive optimal observer scheme was implemented to secure the performance,which needed only estimated normal acceleration and its derivatives.Meanwhile,no angular velocity measurement or wind angle estimation was required.Ultimately,the proposed technique was found effective,as confirmed by the qualitative simulation results.
