A state/event fault tree(SEFT)is a modeling technique for describing the causal chains of events leading to failure in software-controlled complex systems.Such systems are ubiquitous in all areas of everyday life,and ...A state/event fault tree(SEFT)is a modeling technique for describing the causal chains of events leading to failure in software-controlled complex systems.Such systems are ubiquitous in all areas of everyday life,and safety and reliability analyses are increasingly required for these systems.SEFTs combine elements from the traditional fault tree with elements from state-based techniques.In the context of the real-time safety-critical systems,SEFTs do not describe the time properties and important timedependent system behaviors that can lead to system failures.Further,SEFTs lack the precise semantics required for formally modeling time behaviors.In this paper,we present a qualitative analysis method for SEFTs based on transformation from SEFT to timed automata(TA),and use the model checker UPPAAL to verify system requirements’properties.The combination of SEFT and TA is an important step towards an integrated design and verification process for real-time safety-critical systems.Finally,we present a case study of a powerboat autopilot system to confirm our method is viable and valid after achieving the verification goal step by step.展开更多
This study examines the “V + Dào” construction as a state change event through the lens of the Event Integration Hypothesis. It focuses on how these constructions represent state changes, exploring distinctions...This study examines the “V + Dào” construction as a state change event through the lens of the Event Integration Hypothesis. It focuses on how these constructions represent state changes, exploring distinctions between “change” and “stasis”. Using a corpus-based approach, the analysis covers the semantic and syntactic features of “V + Dào” constructions and their event integration patterns. The findings highlight the distribution of agency, animacy, and support relations in state change events, emphasizing the complex interaction of internal and external event integrations and their correlation with the conceptual primitives of change and transition. This study offers insights into the lexicalization and grammaticalization processes of the “V + Dào” construction, and potentially the broader verb-complement constructions in Mandarin.展开更多
Objective:Artemether is a semi-synthetic derivative of artemisinin and is widely used in the treatment of Plasmodium(P.)falciparum malaria.This study aimed to characterize the safety profile of artemether based on 15-...Objective:Artemether is a semi-synthetic derivative of artemisinin and is widely used in the treatment of Plasmodium(P.)falciparum malaria.This study aimed to characterize the safety profile of artemether based on 15-year data retrived from FDA adverse event reporting system(FAERS).Methods:This is a retrospective analysis on 15-year data of artemether-related adverse effects(AEs)retrieved from the FAERS.AEs were classified according to System Organ Class(SOC)and Preferred Terms(PT).Signal detection was performed using Reporting Odds Ratios(ROR),Proportional Reporting Ratios(PRR),and Empirical Bayes Geometric Mean(EBGM).Stratified analyses examined the impact of demographic factors such as sex,age,and time-to-onset.Temporal patterns and associated risk factors were also investigated.Results:Haemolytic anaemia and haemolysis emerged as the most frequently reported AEs,exhibiting significantly elevated RORs(males:ROR 381.36,95%CI 247.06-588.60;females:ROR 455.11,95%CI 286.43-723.12).Sex-specific differences were evident,with females showing a higher incidence of reproductive-related AEs,including spontaneous abortion and premature labour.Temporal trend analysis revealed that the majority of AEs occurred within the first 30 days after the initiation of artemether administration,indicating a rapid onset.The most affected SOCs were blood and lymphatic system disorders and hepatobiliary disorders.Conclusions:Artemether is associated with a notable frequency of early-onset AEs,particularly hematological and hepatobiliary disorders.The observed sex-specific vulnerability to reproductive AEs highlights the need for sex-conscious clinical approaches.Enhanced post-treatment monitoring and further investigations into the drug’s pharmacokinetics and mechanistic pathways are recommended.展开更多
Classical computation of electronic properties in large-scale materials remains challenging.Quantum computation has the potential to offer advantages in memory footprint and computational scaling.However,general and v...Classical computation of electronic properties in large-scale materials remains challenging.Quantum computation has the potential to offer advantages in memory footprint and computational scaling.However,general and viable quantum algorithms for simulating large-scale materials are still limited.We propose and implement random-state quantum algorithms to calculate electronic-structure properties of real materials.Using a random state circuit on a small number of qubits,we employ real-time evolution with first-order Trotter decomposition and Hadamard test to obtain electronic density of states,and we develop a modified quantum phase estimation algorithm to calculate real-space local density of states via direct quantum measurements.Furthermore,we validate these algorithms by numerically computing the density of states and spatial distributions of electronic states in graphene,twisted bilayer graphene quasicrystals,and fractal lattices,covering system sizes from hundreds to thousands of atoms.Our results manifest that the random-state quantum algorithms provide a general and qubit-efficient route to scalable simulations of electronic properties in large-scale periodic and aperiodic materials.展开更多
Precipitation events,which follow a life cycle of initiation,development,and decay,represent the fundamental form of precipitation.Comprehensive and accurate detection of these events is crucial for effective water re...Precipitation events,which follow a life cycle of initiation,development,and decay,represent the fundamental form of precipitation.Comprehensive and accurate detection of these events is crucial for effective water resource management and flood control.However,current investigations on their spatio-temporal patterns remain limited,largely because of the lack of systematic detection indices that are specifically designed for precipitation events,which constrains event-scale research.In this study,we defined a set of precipitation event detection indices(PEDI)that consists of five conventional and fourteen extreme indices to characterize precipitation events from the perspectives of intensity,duration,and frequency.Applications of the PEDI revealed the spatial patterns of hourly precipitation events in China and its first-and second-order river basins from 2008 to 2017.Both conventional and extreme precipitation events displayed spatial distribution patterns that gradually decreased in intensity,duration,and frequency from southeast to northwest China.Compared with those in northwest China,the average values of most PEDIs in southeast China were usually 2-10 times greater for first-order river basins and 3-15 times greater for second-order basins.The PEDI could serve as a reference method for investigating precipitation events at global,regional,and basin scales.展开更多
The Cooling-Storage-Ring External-target Experiment(CEE)at the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou(HIRFL)is designed to study the properties of nuclear matter created in heavy-ion collisions at beam energies from a...The Cooling-Storage-Ring External-target Experiment(CEE)at the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou(HIRFL)is designed to study the properties of nuclear matter created in heavy-ion collisions at beam energies from a few hundred MeV/u up to 1 GeV/u.It aims to facilitate research on the quantum chromodynamics(QCD)phase structure in the high-baryondensity region.Collective flow is a fundamental observable in heavy-ion collision experiments,providing information on the bulk properties of the produced matter.Although the standard event plane method has been widely used to measure collective flow,it is still important to validate and optimize this method for the CEE spectrometer.In this paper,we study the experimental procedures for measuring directed flow in^(238)U+^(238)U collisions at 500 MeV/u,using event planes reconstructed by Multi-Wire Drift Chamber and Zero Degree Calorimeter,respectively.Jet AA Microscopic(JAM)transport generator is used to generate events,and the detector response is simulated by the CEE Fast Simulation(CFS)package.Finally,the optimal kinematic region for proton directed flow measurements is discussed for the future CEE experiment.展开更多
Detector and event visualization are crucial components of high-energy physics(HEP)experimental software.Virtual reality(VR)technologies and multimedia development platforms,such as Unity,offer enhanced display effect...Detector and event visualization are crucial components of high-energy physics(HEP)experimental software.Virtual reality(VR)technologies and multimedia development platforms,such as Unity,offer enhanced display effects and flexible extensibility for visualization in HEP experiments.In this study,we present a VR-based method for detector and event displays in the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory(JUNO)experiment.This method shares the same detector geometry descriptions and event data model as those in the offline software and provides the necessary data conversion interfaces.The VR methodology facilitates an immersive exploration of the virtual environment in JUNO,enabling users to investigate the detector geometry,visualize event data,and tune the detector simulation and event reconstruction algorithms.Additionally,this approach supports applications in data monitoring,physics data analysis,and public outreach initiatives.展开更多
Vascular abnormalities are closely associated with the pathogenesis and progression of numerous diseases, such as thrombosis, tumors, and diabetes. Blood flow velocity serves as a critical biomarker for evaluating per...Vascular abnormalities are closely associated with the pathogenesis and progression of numerous diseases, such as thrombosis, tumors, and diabetes. Blood flow velocity serves as a critical biomarker for evaluating perfusion status. Quantitative detection of full-field blood flow variations in lesion areas holds significant scientific and clinical value for pathological studies,diagnosis, and intraoperative monitoring of related diseases. While laser speckle contrast imaging(LSCI) enables full-field blood flow visualization, its reliance on frame-based sensors necessitates handling massive data volumes, leading to inherent trade-offs among spatiotemporal resolution, real-time performance, and quantitative capabilities. Leveraging the asynchronous dynamic sensing, high temporal sampling rate, and low data redundancy of event cameras, this study proposes a quantitative blood flow imaging method termed laser speckle event imaging(LSEI). Experiments using off-the-shelf event cameras demonstrate that LSEI achieves real-time blood flow imaging with minimal computational overhead compared to frame-based LSCI. Furthermore,we investigate the relationship between event data streams and flow velocity through spatial-temporal autocorrelation analysis,enabling quantitative measurements without compromising temporal or spatial resolution. In in vivo imaging experiments of mouse ear blood flow, LSEI exhibits superior imaging details and real-time performance over conventional methods. The proposed approach holds promise as an efficient tool for diagnosis, therapeutic evaluation, and research on vascular-related diseases.展开更多
Halide solid-state electrolytes have gained significant attention in recent years due to their high ionic conductivity,making them promising candidates for future all-solid-state batteries.Recent studies have identifi...Halide solid-state electrolytes have gained significant attention in recent years due to their high ionic conductivity,making them promising candidates for future all-solid-state batteries.Recent studies have identified numerous crystal structures with the Li_(3)MX_(6)composition,although many remain unexplored across various chemical systems.In this research,we developed a comprehensive method to examine all conceivable space groups and structures within theLi-M-X system,where M includes In,Ga,and La,and X includes F,Cl,Br,and 1.Our findings revealed two metastable structures:Li_(3)InF_(6)with P3c1 symmetry and Li_(3)InI_(6)with C2/c symmetry,exhibiting ionic conductivities of 0.55 and 2.18mS/cm at 300K,respectively.Notably,the trigonal symmetry of Li3InF6 demonstrates that high ionic conductivities are not limited to monoclinic structures but can also be achieved with trigonal symmetries.The electrochemical stability windows,mechanical properties,and reaction energies of these materials with known cathodes suggest their potential for use in all-solid-state batteries.Additionally,we predicted the stability of novel materials,including Li_(5)InCl_(8),Li_(5)InBr_(8),Li_(5)InI_(8),LiIn_(2)Cl_(9),LiIn_(2)Br_(9),and LiIn_(2)I_(9).展开更多
This study examines a 1.32 m thick sediment sequence from the Cunge sag pond in the Litang Basin,eastern Tibetan Plateau,to assess the seismicity of the Litang fault during the Holocene.High-resolution geochemical,gra...This study examines a 1.32 m thick sediment sequence from the Cunge sag pond in the Litang Basin,eastern Tibetan Plateau,to assess the seismicity of the Litang fault during the Holocene.High-resolution geochemical,grain size,magnetic susceptibility,and total organic carbon indicators are employed to obtain a continuous record of changes in elemental,physical,and biological properties within the profile to identify seismic events.The seismic event layer generally comprises two sedimentary rhythms:a lower coarse sand layer and an upper fine silt-clay layer.These layers represent rapid deposition associated with fault activity(Earthquake A)and slower deposition during calm periods or earthquake recurrence intervals(Seismic interval A).Through six^(14)C dating,five seismic events have been identified in the Cunge sag pond section:E1(before 3955 a B.P.),E2(3713-3703 a B.P.),E3(3492-3392 a B.P.),E4(2031-1894 a B.P.),and E5(1384-1321 a B.P.).E1-E4 had shown a good consistency with the paleo-earthquake recorded by the trench,and whereas E5 is a newly identified seismic event,further improving the continuous earthquake sequence of the Litang fault.Based on existing trench data and the seismic event record from the Cunge sag pond,a total of 11 paleo-earthquakes are identified along the Litang fault since the Holocene.The paleo-earthquake activity of the Litang fault exhibits a clustered pattern,with recurrence intervals of both long periods(1000 a)and short periods(500 a).Since 5000 a,the interval between strong earthquake recurrences gradually decreases,indicating an increasing risk of strong earthquakes along the Litang fault.This study presents a continuous record of paleo-earthquakes along the Litang fault,eastern Tibetan Plateau,and can enhance the understanding of regional seismic activity.展开更多
In conventional higher-order topological insulators(HOTIs),the emergence of topological states can be explained by using the nonzero bulk polarization index.However,corner states emerge in HOTIs with incomplete bounda...In conventional higher-order topological insulators(HOTIs),the emergence of topological states can be explained by using the nonzero bulk polarization index.However,corner states emerge in HOTIs with incomplete boundary unit cells(i.e.,boundary defects)even though the bulk polarization is zero,which challenges the conventional understanding of HOTIs.Here,based on a Kekul´e-distorted honeycomb lattice with incomplete unit cells,we reveal that incomplete unit cells exhibit fractional charges through the analysis of Wannier centers by developing a compensation method and creating the concept of Wannier center domain(WCD)which is the smallest region that one Wannier center occupies.This method compensates for the missing parts of these boundary incomplete unit cells with additional WCDs to make them complete.The compensated WCDs automatically carry the corresponding charge,and this charge together with that of the incomplete unit cell constitutes the total charge of the complete unit cell after compensation.We conclude that the emergence of corner states is attributed to the filling anomaly,which is a fundamental mechanism.Our results refresh the understanding of HOTIs,especially those with structural discontinuities,and provide a novel design for topological states which have application value in producing optical functional devices.展开更多
Apparel exports China:The decline in exports widened from January to September(-2.4%,compared to-0.2%in January-June).Exports to the EU increased(+5.9%),though the growth rate moderated.Exports to the US saw a larger ...Apparel exports China:The decline in exports widened from January to September(-2.4%,compared to-0.2%in January-June).Exports to the EU increased(+5.9%),though the growth rate moderated.Exports to the US saw a larger contraction(January-June:-1.6%,January-September:-8.2%).While exports to ASEAN countries still fell by over 10%(-17.7%),shipments to the Philippines(+6.9%),Indonesia(+19.0%),and Cambodia(+64.9%)demonstrated stronger growth performance within the year.Regarding tariffs,on October 30,China and the US agreed to lower the rates on goods subject to additional duties(effectively reducing the average tariff rate on Chinese imports to the US from about 57%to approximately 47%,though this remains significantly higher than the 19.5%overall average rate applied to other countries).展开更多
Surface passivation via two-dimensional(2D)perovskite has emerged as a promising strategy to enhance the performance of perovskite solar cells(PSCs)due to the effective compensation of interfacial states.However,the i...Surface passivation via two-dimensional(2D)perovskite has emerged as a promising strategy to enhance the performance of perovskite solar cells(PSCs)due to the effective compensation of interfacial states.However,the in situ grown 2D perovskite passivation layers typically comprise a mixture of multiple dimensionalities at the interface,where band alignment has only been portrayed qualitatively and empirically.Herein,the interface states for precisely phase-tailored 2D perovskite passivated PSCs are quantitatively investigated.In comparison to traditional passivation molecules,2D perovskite layers based on 4-trifluoromethyl-phenylethylammonium iodide(CF3PEAI)exhibit an increased work function,introducing desirable downward band bending to eliminate the Schottky Barrier.Furthermore,precisely phase-tailored 2D layers could modulate the interface trap density and energetics.The n=1 film delivers optimal performance with a hole extraction efficiency of 95.1%.The optimized n-i-p PSCs in the two-step method significantly improve PCE to 25.40%,along with enhanced photostability and negligible hysteresis.It highlights that tailoring in the composition and phase distribution of the 2D perovskite layer could modulate the interface states at the 2D/3D interface.展开更多
Automated classification of gas flow states in blast furnaces using top-camera imagery typically demands a large volume of labeled data,whose manual annotation is both labor-intensive and cost-prohibitive.To mitigate ...Automated classification of gas flow states in blast furnaces using top-camera imagery typically demands a large volume of labeled data,whose manual annotation is both labor-intensive and cost-prohibitive.To mitigate this challenge,we present an enhanced semi-supervised learning approach based on the Mean Teacher framework,incorporating a novel feature loss module to maximize classification performance with limited labeled samples.The model studies show that the proposed model surpasses both the baseline Mean Teacher model and fully supervised method in accuracy.Specifically,for datasets with 20%,30%,and 40%label ratios,using a single training iteration,the model yields accuracies of 78.61%,82.21%,and 85.2%,respectively,while multiple-cycle training iterations achieves 82.09%,81.97%,and 81.59%,respectively.Furthermore,scenario-specific training schemes are introduced to support diverse deployment need.These findings highlight the potential of the proposed technique in minimizing labeling requirements and advancing intelligent blast furnace diagnostics.展开更多
When two layers of graphene are stacked with a twist angle of approximately 1.1°,strong interlayer coupling gives rise to a pair of flat bands in twisted bilayer graphene(TBG),resulting in pronounced electron–el...When two layers of graphene are stacked with a twist angle of approximately 1.1°,strong interlayer coupling gives rise to a pair of flat bands in twisted bilayer graphene(TBG),resulting in pronounced electron–electron interactions.At half filling of the flat bands,TBG exhibits correlated insulating states.Here,we investigate the electrical transport properties of heterostructures composed of TBG and the antiferromagnetic insulator chromium oxychloride(CrOCl),and propose a strategy to modulate the correlated insulating states in TBG.During the transition from a conventional phase to a strong interfacial coupling phase,kink-like features are observed in the charge neutrality point(CNP),correlated insulating state,and band insulating state.Under a perpendicular magnetic field,the system exhibits broadened quantum Hall plateaus in the strong interfacial coupling regime.Electrons localized in the CrOCl layer screen the bottom gate,rendering the carrier density in TBG less sensitive to variations in the bottom gate voltage.These phenomena are well captured by a charge-transfer model between TBG and CrOCl.Our results provide insights into the control of electronic correlations and topological states in graphene moirésystems via interfacial charge coupling.展开更多
BACKGROUND The prevalence of negative emotional states,such as anxiety and depression,has increased annually.Although personal habits are known to influence emotional regulation,the precise mechanisms underlying this ...BACKGROUND The prevalence of negative emotional states,such as anxiety and depression,has increased annually.Although personal habits are known to influence emotional regulation,the precise mechanisms underlying this relationship remain unclear.AIM To investigate emotion regulation habits impact on students negative emotions during lockdown,using the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic as a case example.METHODS During the coronavirus disease 2019 lockdown,an online cross-sectional survey was conducted at a Chinese university.Emotional states were assessed using the Depression,Anxiety,and Stress Scale-21(DASS-21),while demographic data and emotion regulation habits were collected concurrently.Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 27.0 and includedχ^(2)-tests for intergroup comparisons,Spearman’s rank-order correlation coefficient analysis to examine associations,and stepwise linear regression modeling to explore the relationships between emotion regulation habits and emotional states.Statistical significance was set atα=0.05.RESULTS Among the 494 valid questionnaires analyzed,the prevalence rates of negative emotional states were as follows:Depression(65.0%),anxiety(69.4%),and stress(50.8%).DASS-21 scores(mean±SD)demonstrated significant symptomatology:Total(48.77±34.88),depression(16.21±12.18),anxiety(14.90±11.91),and stress(17.64±12.07).Significant positive intercorrelations were observed among all DASS-21 subscales(P<0.01).Regression analysis identified key predictors of negative emotions(P<0.05):Risk factors included late-night frequency and academic pressure,while protective factors were the frequency of parental contact and the number of same-gender friends.Additionally,compensatory spending and binge eating positively predicted all negative emotion scores(β>0,P<0.01),whereas appropriate recreational activities negatively predicted these scores(β<0,P<0.01).CONCLUSION High negative emotion prevalence occurred among confined students.Recreational activities were protective,while compensatory spending and binge eating were risk factors,necessitating guided emotion regulation.展开更多
The development of novel quantum many-body computational algorithms relies on robust benchmarking.However,generating such benchmarks is often hindered by the massive computational resources required for exact diagonal...The development of novel quantum many-body computational algorithms relies on robust benchmarking.However,generating such benchmarks is often hindered by the massive computational resources required for exact diagonalization or quantum Monte Carlo simulations,particularly at finite temperatures.In this work,we propose a new algorithm for obtaining thermal pure quantum states,which allows efficient computation of both mechanical and thermodynamic properties at finite temperatures.We implement this algorithm in our open-source C++template library,Physica.Combining the improved algorithm with state-of-the-art software engineering,our implementation achieves high performance and numerical stability.As an example,we demonstrate that for the 4×4 Hubbard model,our method runs approximately 10~3times faster than HΦ3.5.2.Moreover,the accessible temperature range is extended down toβ=32 across arbitrary doping levels.These advances significantly push forward the frontiers of benchmarking for quantum many-body systems.展开更多
The methanol oxidation reaction(MOR)to formic acid offers a promising alternative to the anodic oxygen evolution reaction(OER)in water electrolysis.However,the development of efficient and cost-effective catalysts rem...The methanol oxidation reaction(MOR)to formic acid offers a promising alternative to the anodic oxygen evolution reaction(OER)in water electrolysis.However,the development of efficient and cost-effective catalysts remains a primary challenge.In this study,an enhancement in catalytic MOR performance is achieved through the incorporation of Mn atoms with unsaturated t_(2g)orbitals into Ni_(3)Se_(4).Comprehensive experimental analyses and theoretical calculations reveal that substituting Ni with Mn induces strong electron-withdrawing effects,effectively modulating the local coordination environment of the metal centers.The presence of Mn also elongates Ni–Se(O)bonds,which reduces eg orbital occupancy and modifies the spin state of the material.Electrochemical measurements demonstrate that electrodes based on this optimized material exhibit a high spin state and deliver excellent catalytic activity,achieving a MOR current density up to∼190 mA cm^(−2)at 1.6 V.This performance enhancement is attributed to the favorable electronic configuration and reduced reaction energy barriers associated with the high-spin state.展开更多
With the growing advancement of wireless communication technologies,WiFi-based human sensing has gained increasing attention as a non-intrusive and device-free solution.Among the available signal types,Channel State I...With the growing advancement of wireless communication technologies,WiFi-based human sensing has gained increasing attention as a non-intrusive and device-free solution.Among the available signal types,Channel State Information(CSI)offers fine-grained temporal,frequency,and spatial insights into multipath propagation,making it a crucial data source for human-centric sensing.Recently,the integration of deep learning has significantly improved the robustness and automation of feature extraction from CSI in complex environments.This paper provides a comprehensive review of deep learning-enhanced human sensing based on CSI.We first outline mainstream CSI acquisition tools and their hardware specifications,then provide a detailed discussion of preprocessing methods such as denoising,time–frequency transformation,data segmentation,and augmentation.Subsequently,we categorize deep learning approaches according to sensing tasks—namely detection,localization,and recognition—and highlight representative models across application scenarios.Finally,we examine key challenges including domain generalization,multi-user interference,and limited data availability,and we propose future research directions involving lightweight model deployment,multimodal data fusion,and semantic-level sensing.展开更多
Making full use of the operator ordering method and the integration within ordered products,we obtain the analytical evolution law of a general quadratic state in the amplitude decay channel,and find that it is determ...Making full use of the operator ordering method and the integration within ordered products,we obtain the analytical evolution law of a general quadratic state in the amplitude decay channel,and find that it is determined not only by the decay rate of the amplitude decay channel but also by the coefficients of the initial quadratic state.Further,the quantum statistical properties of the initial quadratic state for amplitude decay are investigated via its average photon number and photon-counting distribution,and its Wigner distribution function evolution is discussed in detail.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11832012)
文摘A state/event fault tree(SEFT)is a modeling technique for describing the causal chains of events leading to failure in software-controlled complex systems.Such systems are ubiquitous in all areas of everyday life,and safety and reliability analyses are increasingly required for these systems.SEFTs combine elements from the traditional fault tree with elements from state-based techniques.In the context of the real-time safety-critical systems,SEFTs do not describe the time properties and important timedependent system behaviors that can lead to system failures.Further,SEFTs lack the precise semantics required for formally modeling time behaviors.In this paper,we present a qualitative analysis method for SEFTs based on transformation from SEFT to timed automata(TA),and use the model checker UPPAAL to verify system requirements’properties.The combination of SEFT and TA is an important step towards an integrated design and verification process for real-time safety-critical systems.Finally,we present a case study of a powerboat autopilot system to confirm our method is viable and valid after achieving the verification goal step by step.
文摘This study examines the “V + Dào” construction as a state change event through the lens of the Event Integration Hypothesis. It focuses on how these constructions represent state changes, exploring distinctions between “change” and “stasis”. Using a corpus-based approach, the analysis covers the semantic and syntactic features of “V + Dào” constructions and their event integration patterns. The findings highlight the distribution of agency, animacy, and support relations in state change events, emphasizing the complex interaction of internal and external event integrations and their correlation with the conceptual primitives of change and transition. This study offers insights into the lexicalization and grammaticalization processes of the “V + Dào” construction, and potentially the broader verb-complement constructions in Mandarin.
文摘Objective:Artemether is a semi-synthetic derivative of artemisinin and is widely used in the treatment of Plasmodium(P.)falciparum malaria.This study aimed to characterize the safety profile of artemether based on 15-year data retrived from FDA adverse event reporting system(FAERS).Methods:This is a retrospective analysis on 15-year data of artemether-related adverse effects(AEs)retrieved from the FAERS.AEs were classified according to System Organ Class(SOC)and Preferred Terms(PT).Signal detection was performed using Reporting Odds Ratios(ROR),Proportional Reporting Ratios(PRR),and Empirical Bayes Geometric Mean(EBGM).Stratified analyses examined the impact of demographic factors such as sex,age,and time-to-onset.Temporal patterns and associated risk factors were also investigated.Results:Haemolytic anaemia and haemolysis emerged as the most frequently reported AEs,exhibiting significantly elevated RORs(males:ROR 381.36,95%CI 247.06-588.60;females:ROR 455.11,95%CI 286.43-723.12).Sex-specific differences were evident,with females showing a higher incidence of reproductive-related AEs,including spontaneous abortion and premature labour.Temporal trend analysis revealed that the majority of AEs occurred within the first 30 days after the initiation of artemether administration,indicating a rapid onset.The most affected SOCs were blood and lymphatic system disorders and hepatobiliary disorders.Conclusions:Artemether is associated with a notable frequency of early-onset AEs,particularly hematological and hepatobiliary disorders.The observed sex-specific vulnerability to reproductive AEs highlights the need for sex-conscious clinical approaches.Enhanced post-treatment monitoring and further investigations into the drug’s pharmacokinetics and mechanistic pathways are recommended.
基金supported by the Major Project for the Integration of ScienceEducation and Industry (Grant No.2025ZDZX02)。
文摘Classical computation of electronic properties in large-scale materials remains challenging.Quantum computation has the potential to offer advantages in memory footprint and computational scaling.However,general and viable quantum algorithms for simulating large-scale materials are still limited.We propose and implement random-state quantum algorithms to calculate electronic-structure properties of real materials.Using a random state circuit on a small number of qubits,we employ real-time evolution with first-order Trotter decomposition and Hadamard test to obtain electronic density of states,and we develop a modified quantum phase estimation algorithm to calculate real-space local density of states via direct quantum measurements.Furthermore,we validate these algorithms by numerically computing the density of states and spatial distributions of electronic states in graphene,twisted bilayer graphene quasicrystals,and fractal lattices,covering system sizes from hundreds to thousands of atoms.Our results manifest that the random-state quantum algorithms provide a general and qubit-efficient route to scalable simulations of electronic properties in large-scale periodic and aperiodic materials.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China,No.2023YFC3206605,No.2021YFC3201102National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.41971035。
文摘Precipitation events,which follow a life cycle of initiation,development,and decay,represent the fundamental form of precipitation.Comprehensive and accurate detection of these events is crucial for effective water resource management and flood control.However,current investigations on their spatio-temporal patterns remain limited,largely because of the lack of systematic detection indices that are specifically designed for precipitation events,which constrains event-scale research.In this study,we defined a set of precipitation event detection indices(PEDI)that consists of five conventional and fourteen extreme indices to characterize precipitation events from the perspectives of intensity,duration,and frequency.Applications of the PEDI revealed the spatial patterns of hourly precipitation events in China and its first-and second-order river basins from 2008 to 2017.Both conventional and extreme precipitation events displayed spatial distribution patterns that gradually decreased in intensity,duration,and frequency from southeast to northwest China.Compared with those in northwest China,the average values of most PEDIs in southeast China were usually 2-10 times greater for first-order river basins and 3-15 times greater for second-order basins.The PEDI could serve as a reference method for investigating precipitation events at global,regional,and basin scales.
基金supported in part by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2024YFA1610700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12475147)。
文摘The Cooling-Storage-Ring External-target Experiment(CEE)at the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou(HIRFL)is designed to study the properties of nuclear matter created in heavy-ion collisions at beam energies from a few hundred MeV/u up to 1 GeV/u.It aims to facilitate research on the quantum chromodynamics(QCD)phase structure in the high-baryondensity region.Collective flow is a fundamental observable in heavy-ion collision experiments,providing information on the bulk properties of the produced matter.Although the standard event plane method has been widely used to measure collective flow,it is still important to validate and optimize this method for the CEE spectrometer.In this paper,we study the experimental procedures for measuring directed flow in^(238)U+^(238)U collisions at 500 MeV/u,using event planes reconstructed by Multi-Wire Drift Chamber and Zero Degree Calorimeter,respectively.Jet AA Microscopic(JAM)transport generator is used to generate events,and the detector response is simulated by the CEE Fast Simulation(CFS)package.Finally,the optimal kinematic region for proton directed flow measurements is discussed for the future CEE experiment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12175321,W2443004,11975021,11675275,U1932101)Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDA10010900)+2 种基金National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2023YFA1606000 and 2020YFA0406400)National College Students Science and Technology Innovation ProjectUndergraduate Base Scientific Research Project of Sun Yat-sen University。
文摘Detector and event visualization are crucial components of high-energy physics(HEP)experimental software.Virtual reality(VR)technologies and multimedia development platforms,such as Unity,offer enhanced display effects and flexible extensibility for visualization in HEP experiments.In this study,we present a VR-based method for detector and event displays in the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory(JUNO)experiment.This method shares the same detector geometry descriptions and event data model as those in the offline software and provides the necessary data conversion interfaces.The VR methodology facilitates an immersive exploration of the virtual environment in JUNO,enabling users to investigate the detector geometry,visualize event data,and tune the detector simulation and event reconstruction algorithms.Additionally,this approach supports applications in data monitoring,physics data analysis,and public outreach initiatives.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.12572210)the Scientific Instrument Developing Project of Shenzhen University (Grant Nos.2023YQ011,2024YQ001)the Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission Project—Stable Support (General Project)(Grant No.20231120175055001)。
文摘Vascular abnormalities are closely associated with the pathogenesis and progression of numerous diseases, such as thrombosis, tumors, and diabetes. Blood flow velocity serves as a critical biomarker for evaluating perfusion status. Quantitative detection of full-field blood flow variations in lesion areas holds significant scientific and clinical value for pathological studies,diagnosis, and intraoperative monitoring of related diseases. While laser speckle contrast imaging(LSCI) enables full-field blood flow visualization, its reliance on frame-based sensors necessitates handling massive data volumes, leading to inherent trade-offs among spatiotemporal resolution, real-time performance, and quantitative capabilities. Leveraging the asynchronous dynamic sensing, high temporal sampling rate, and low data redundancy of event cameras, this study proposes a quantitative blood flow imaging method termed laser speckle event imaging(LSEI). Experiments using off-the-shelf event cameras demonstrate that LSEI achieves real-time blood flow imaging with minimal computational overhead compared to frame-based LSCI. Furthermore,we investigate the relationship between event data streams and flow velocity through spatial-temporal autocorrelation analysis,enabling quantitative measurements without compromising temporal or spatial resolution. In in vivo imaging experiments of mouse ear blood flow, LSEI exhibits superior imaging details and real-time performance over conventional methods. The proposed approach holds promise as an efficient tool for diagnosis, therapeutic evaluation, and research on vascular-related diseases.
基金supported by the Higher Education and Science Committee of Armenia in the frames of the research projects 20TTSG-2F010, 23AA-2F033 and ANSEF (EN-matsc-2660) grant.
文摘Halide solid-state electrolytes have gained significant attention in recent years due to their high ionic conductivity,making them promising candidates for future all-solid-state batteries.Recent studies have identified numerous crystal structures with the Li_(3)MX_(6)composition,although many remain unexplored across various chemical systems.In this research,we developed a comprehensive method to examine all conceivable space groups and structures within theLi-M-X system,where M includes In,Ga,and La,and X includes F,Cl,Br,and 1.Our findings revealed two metastable structures:Li_(3)InF_(6)with P3c1 symmetry and Li_(3)InI_(6)with C2/c symmetry,exhibiting ionic conductivities of 0.55 and 2.18mS/cm at 300K,respectively.Notably,the trigonal symmetry of Li3InF6 demonstrates that high ionic conductivities are not limited to monoclinic structures but can also be achieved with trigonal symmetries.The electrochemical stability windows,mechanical properties,and reaction energies of these materials with known cathodes suggest their potential for use in all-solid-state batteries.Additionally,we predicted the stability of novel materials,including Li_(5)InCl_(8),Li_(5)InBr_(8),Li_(5)InI_(8),LiIn_(2)Cl_(9),LiIn_(2)Br_(9),and LiIn_(2)I_(9).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42202131 and 42177184).
文摘This study examines a 1.32 m thick sediment sequence from the Cunge sag pond in the Litang Basin,eastern Tibetan Plateau,to assess the seismicity of the Litang fault during the Holocene.High-resolution geochemical,grain size,magnetic susceptibility,and total organic carbon indicators are employed to obtain a continuous record of changes in elemental,physical,and biological properties within the profile to identify seismic events.The seismic event layer generally comprises two sedimentary rhythms:a lower coarse sand layer and an upper fine silt-clay layer.These layers represent rapid deposition associated with fault activity(Earthquake A)and slower deposition during calm periods or earthquake recurrence intervals(Seismic interval A).Through six^(14)C dating,five seismic events have been identified in the Cunge sag pond section:E1(before 3955 a B.P.),E2(3713-3703 a B.P.),E3(3492-3392 a B.P.),E4(2031-1894 a B.P.),and E5(1384-1321 a B.P.).E1-E4 had shown a good consistency with the paleo-earthquake recorded by the trench,and whereas E5 is a newly identified seismic event,further improving the continuous earthquake sequence of the Litang fault.Based on existing trench data and the seismic event record from the Cunge sag pond,a total of 11 paleo-earthquakes are identified along the Litang fault since the Holocene.The paleo-earthquake activity of the Litang fault exhibits a clustered pattern,with recurrence intervals of both long periods(1000 a)and short periods(500 a).Since 5000 a,the interval between strong earthquake recurrences gradually decreases,indicating an increasing risk of strong earthquakes along the Litang fault.This study presents a continuous record of paleo-earthquakes along the Litang fault,eastern Tibetan Plateau,and can enhance the understanding of regional seismic activity.
基金supported by the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province (Grant Nos.2024JC-JCQN-06 and2025JC-QYCX-006)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.12474337)Chinese Academy of Sciences Project (Grant Nos.E4BA270100,E4Z127010F,E4Z6270100,and E53327020D)。
文摘In conventional higher-order topological insulators(HOTIs),the emergence of topological states can be explained by using the nonzero bulk polarization index.However,corner states emerge in HOTIs with incomplete boundary unit cells(i.e.,boundary defects)even though the bulk polarization is zero,which challenges the conventional understanding of HOTIs.Here,based on a Kekul´e-distorted honeycomb lattice with incomplete unit cells,we reveal that incomplete unit cells exhibit fractional charges through the analysis of Wannier centers by developing a compensation method and creating the concept of Wannier center domain(WCD)which is the smallest region that one Wannier center occupies.This method compensates for the missing parts of these boundary incomplete unit cells with additional WCDs to make them complete.The compensated WCDs automatically carry the corresponding charge,and this charge together with that of the incomplete unit cell constitutes the total charge of the complete unit cell after compensation.We conclude that the emergence of corner states is attributed to the filling anomaly,which is a fundamental mechanism.Our results refresh the understanding of HOTIs,especially those with structural discontinuities,and provide a novel design for topological states which have application value in producing optical functional devices.
文摘Apparel exports China:The decline in exports widened from January to September(-2.4%,compared to-0.2%in January-June).Exports to the EU increased(+5.9%),though the growth rate moderated.Exports to the US saw a larger contraction(January-June:-1.6%,January-September:-8.2%).While exports to ASEAN countries still fell by over 10%(-17.7%),shipments to the Philippines(+6.9%),Indonesia(+19.0%),and Cambodia(+64.9%)demonstrated stronger growth performance within the year.Regarding tariffs,on October 30,China and the US agreed to lower the rates on goods subject to additional duties(effectively reducing the average tariff rate on Chinese imports to the US from about 57%to approximately 47%,though this remains significantly higher than the 19.5%overall average rate applied to other countries).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.62304111,62304110,22579136)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2024YFE0201800)+6 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2024M761492)the Project of State Key Laboratory of Organic Electronics and Information Displays(Nos.GDX2022010009,GZR2023010046)the Natural Science Research Start-up Foundation of Recruiting Talents of Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications(No.NY223053)the Science and Technology Project of Jiangsu(Science and Technology Cooperation Project of HongKong,Macao and Taiwan,No.BZ2023059)Shaanxi Fundamental Science Research Project for Mathematics and Physics(No.22jSY015)Young Talent Fund of Xi'an Association for Science and Technology(No.959202313020)Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Optoelectronic Materials and Intelligent Photonic Systems(No.2023B1212010003).
文摘Surface passivation via two-dimensional(2D)perovskite has emerged as a promising strategy to enhance the performance of perovskite solar cells(PSCs)due to the effective compensation of interfacial states.However,the in situ grown 2D perovskite passivation layers typically comprise a mixture of multiple dimensionalities at the interface,where band alignment has only been portrayed qualitatively and empirically.Herein,the interface states for precisely phase-tailored 2D perovskite passivated PSCs are quantitatively investigated.In comparison to traditional passivation molecules,2D perovskite layers based on 4-trifluoromethyl-phenylethylammonium iodide(CF3PEAI)exhibit an increased work function,introducing desirable downward band bending to eliminate the Schottky Barrier.Furthermore,precisely phase-tailored 2D layers could modulate the interface trap density and energetics.The n=1 film delivers optimal performance with a hole extraction efficiency of 95.1%.The optimized n-i-p PSCs in the two-step method significantly improve PCE to 25.40%,along with enhanced photostability and negligible hysteresis.It highlights that tailoring in the composition and phase distribution of the 2D perovskite layer could modulate the interface states at the 2D/3D interface.
基金financial support provided by the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province,China(No.E2024105036)the Tangshan Talent Funding Project,China(Nos.B202302007 and A2021110015)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52264042)the Australian Research Council(No.IH230100010)。
文摘Automated classification of gas flow states in blast furnaces using top-camera imagery typically demands a large volume of labeled data,whose manual annotation is both labor-intensive and cost-prohibitive.To mitigate this challenge,we present an enhanced semi-supervised learning approach based on the Mean Teacher framework,incorporating a novel feature loss module to maximize classification performance with limited labeled samples.The model studies show that the proposed model surpasses both the baseline Mean Teacher model and fully supervised method in accuracy.Specifically,for datasets with 20%,30%,and 40%label ratios,using a single training iteration,the model yields accuracies of 78.61%,82.21%,and 85.2%,respectively,while multiple-cycle training iterations achieves 82.09%,81.97%,and 81.59%,respectively.Furthermore,scenario-specific training schemes are introduced to support diverse deployment need.These findings highlight the potential of the proposed technique in minimizing labeling requirements and advancing intelligent blast furnace diagnostics.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52225207 and 52350001)the Shanghai Pilot Program for Basic Research–Fudan University 21TQ1400100(Grant No.21TQ006)the Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project(Grant No.2019SHZDZX01)。
文摘When two layers of graphene are stacked with a twist angle of approximately 1.1°,strong interlayer coupling gives rise to a pair of flat bands in twisted bilayer graphene(TBG),resulting in pronounced electron–electron interactions.At half filling of the flat bands,TBG exhibits correlated insulating states.Here,we investigate the electrical transport properties of heterostructures composed of TBG and the antiferromagnetic insulator chromium oxychloride(CrOCl),and propose a strategy to modulate the correlated insulating states in TBG.During the transition from a conventional phase to a strong interfacial coupling phase,kink-like features are observed in the charge neutrality point(CNP),correlated insulating state,and band insulating state.Under a perpendicular magnetic field,the system exhibits broadened quantum Hall plateaus in the strong interfacial coupling regime.Electrons localized in the CrOCl layer screen the bottom gate,rendering the carrier density in TBG less sensitive to variations in the bottom gate voltage.These phenomena are well captured by a charge-transfer model between TBG and CrOCl.Our results provide insights into the control of electronic correlations and topological states in graphene moirésystems via interfacial charge coupling.
文摘BACKGROUND The prevalence of negative emotional states,such as anxiety and depression,has increased annually.Although personal habits are known to influence emotional regulation,the precise mechanisms underlying this relationship remain unclear.AIM To investigate emotion regulation habits impact on students negative emotions during lockdown,using the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic as a case example.METHODS During the coronavirus disease 2019 lockdown,an online cross-sectional survey was conducted at a Chinese university.Emotional states were assessed using the Depression,Anxiety,and Stress Scale-21(DASS-21),while demographic data and emotion regulation habits were collected concurrently.Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 27.0 and includedχ^(2)-tests for intergroup comparisons,Spearman’s rank-order correlation coefficient analysis to examine associations,and stepwise linear regression modeling to explore the relationships between emotion regulation habits and emotional states.Statistical significance was set atα=0.05.RESULTS Among the 494 valid questionnaires analyzed,the prevalence rates of negative emotional states were as follows:Depression(65.0%),anxiety(69.4%),and stress(50.8%).DASS-21 scores(mean±SD)demonstrated significant symptomatology:Total(48.77±34.88),depression(16.21±12.18),anxiety(14.90±11.91),and stress(17.64±12.07).Significant positive intercorrelations were observed among all DASS-21 subscales(P<0.01).Regression analysis identified key predictors of negative emotions(P<0.05):Risk factors included late-night frequency and academic pressure,while protective factors were the frequency of parental contact and the number of same-gender friends.Additionally,compensatory spending and binge eating positively predicted all negative emotion scores(β>0,P<0.01),whereas appropriate recreational activities negatively predicted these scores(β<0,P<0.01).CONCLUSION High negative emotion prevalence occurred among confined students.Recreational activities were protective,while compensatory spending and binge eating were risk factors,necessitating guided emotion regulation.
基金Fu-Zhou Chen for helpful discussions.The work is partly supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFA1402704)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12247101)。
文摘The development of novel quantum many-body computational algorithms relies on robust benchmarking.However,generating such benchmarks is often hindered by the massive computational resources required for exact diagonalization or quantum Monte Carlo simulations,particularly at finite temperatures.In this work,we propose a new algorithm for obtaining thermal pure quantum states,which allows efficient computation of both mechanical and thermodynamic properties at finite temperatures.We implement this algorithm in our open-source C++template library,Physica.Combining the improved algorithm with state-of-the-art software engineering,our implementation achieves high performance and numerical stability.As an example,we demonstrate that for the 4×4 Hubbard model,our method runs approximately 10~3times faster than HΦ3.5.2.Moreover,the accessible temperature range is extended down toβ=32 across arbitrary doping levels.These advances significantly push forward the frontiers of benchmarking for quantum many-body systems.
基金financially supported by the Sichuan Science and Technology Program (Grant No. 2025NSFSC0139)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No.2023MD734228)+10 种基金funding from Generalitat de Catalunya 2021SGR00457supported by MCIN with funding from European Union NextGenerationEU(PRTR-C17.I1)by Generalitat de Catalunya (In-CAEM Project)the support from the project AMaDE(PID2023-149158OB-C43)funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/by “ERDF A way of making Europe”by the “European Union”supported by the Severo Ochoa program from Spanish MCIN/AEI (Grant No.:CEX2021-001214-S)funded by the CERCA Programme/Generalitat de Catalunyaperformed in the framework of Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Materials Science PhD programfunding from the CSC-UAB PhD scholarship program. ICN2 is founding member of e-DREAM[87]
文摘The methanol oxidation reaction(MOR)to formic acid offers a promising alternative to the anodic oxygen evolution reaction(OER)in water electrolysis.However,the development of efficient and cost-effective catalysts remains a primary challenge.In this study,an enhancement in catalytic MOR performance is achieved through the incorporation of Mn atoms with unsaturated t_(2g)orbitals into Ni_(3)Se_(4).Comprehensive experimental analyses and theoretical calculations reveal that substituting Ni with Mn induces strong electron-withdrawing effects,effectively modulating the local coordination environment of the metal centers.The presence of Mn also elongates Ni–Se(O)bonds,which reduces eg orbital occupancy and modifies the spin state of the material.Electrochemical measurements demonstrate that electrodes based on this optimized material exhibit a high spin state and deliver excellent catalytic activity,achieving a MOR current density up to∼190 mA cm^(−2)at 1.6 V.This performance enhancement is attributed to the favorable electronic configuration and reduced reaction energy barriers associated with the high-spin state.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)under grant U23A20310.
文摘With the growing advancement of wireless communication technologies,WiFi-based human sensing has gained increasing attention as a non-intrusive and device-free solution.Among the available signal types,Channel State Information(CSI)offers fine-grained temporal,frequency,and spatial insights into multipath propagation,making it a crucial data source for human-centric sensing.Recently,the integration of deep learning has significantly improved the robustness and automation of feature extraction from CSI in complex environments.This paper provides a comprehensive review of deep learning-enhanced human sensing based on CSI.We first outline mainstream CSI acquisition tools and their hardware specifications,then provide a detailed discussion of preprocessing methods such as denoising,time–frequency transformation,data segmentation,and augmentation.Subsequently,we categorize deep learning approaches according to sensing tasks—namely detection,localization,and recognition—and highlight representative models across application scenarios.Finally,we examine key challenges including domain generalization,multi-user interference,and limited data availability,and we propose future research directions involving lightweight model deployment,multimodal data fusion,and semantic-level sensing.
文摘Making full use of the operator ordering method and the integration within ordered products,we obtain the analytical evolution law of a general quadratic state in the amplitude decay channel,and find that it is determined not only by the decay rate of the amplitude decay channel but also by the coefficients of the initial quadratic state.Further,the quantum statistical properties of the initial quadratic state for amplitude decay are investigated via its average photon number and photon-counting distribution,and its Wigner distribution function evolution is discussed in detail.
