Infected necrotizing pancreatitis(INP)remains a life-threatening complication of acute pancreatitis.Despite advancements such as endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)-guided drainage,lumen-apposing metal stents,and protocolized ...Infected necrotizing pancreatitis(INP)remains a life-threatening complication of acute pancreatitis.Despite advancements such as endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)-guided drainage,lumen-apposing metal stents,and protocolized step-up strate-gies,the clinical practice remains heterogeneous,with variability in endoscopic strategies,procedural timing,device selection,and adjunctive techniques contri-buting to inconsistent outcomes.This review synthesizes current evidence to contribute to a structured framework integrating multidisciplinary team decision-making,advanced imaging(three-dimensional reconstruction,contrast-enhanced computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging),EUS assessment,and biomarker-driven risk stratification(C-reactive protein,procalcitonin)to optimize patient selection,intervention timing,and complication management.Key stan-dardization components include endoscopic assessment and procedural strate-gies,optimal timing of intervention,personalized approaches for complex pan-creatic collections,and techniques to reduce the number of endoscopic debride-ments and mitigate complications.This work aims to enhance clinical outcomes,minimize practice heterogeneity,and establish a foundation for future research and guideline development in endoscopic management of INP.展开更多
Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) is increasingly recognized worldwide as a valuable complementary and alternative medicine. To facilitate global research and collaboration in this field, the World Health Organization...Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) is increasingly recognized worldwide as a valuable complementary and alternative medicine. To facilitate global research and collaboration in this field, the World Health Organization(WHO) introduced the International Standard Terminologies on Traditional Chinese Medicine in 2022. This international terminology translation standard, IST 2022, goes beyond conventional translation by embracing three innovative features: 1) It reflects TCM's foundational philosophy of unity and opposition, emphasizing the interconnectedness among TCM terms during translation. This approach transcends individual term translations to explore the interrelationships among them. 2) It preserves the integrity of TCM theory by retaining transliterations for unique TCM terms that possess distinct features. 3) It employs innovative xiang(image) cognition, a concept rooted in traditional Chinese thought by helping readers grasp visual and mental imagery associated with each term. This study presents a qualitative analysis based on interviews with 11 TCM translation experts, examining their perspectives on these features and their translational preferences across the IST 2007 and 2022 versions. These findings contribute to the standardization and global harmonization of TCM terminology, advocating for clarity, precision, and the advancement of TCM in the international healthcare arena.展开更多
Standardizers are the most active element in standards development,and education is the core of standardization talent cultivation.To enrich students'experience in practical standardization work,the International ...Standardizers are the most active element in standards development,and education is the core of standardization talent cultivation.To enrich students'experience in practical standardization work,the International Standardization Youth Star Competition 2024 was held in Beijing on November 10,in which students selected from universities and colleges across China prepared proposals and drafted standards with four different themes.The competition attracted the attention of both academia and industry.展开更多
In the independent electro-hydrogen system(IEHS)with hybrid energy storage(HESS),achieving optimal scheduling is crucial.Still,it presents a challenge due to the significant deviations in values ofmultiple optimizatio...In the independent electro-hydrogen system(IEHS)with hybrid energy storage(HESS),achieving optimal scheduling is crucial.Still,it presents a challenge due to the significant deviations in values ofmultiple optimization objective functions caused by their physical dimensions.These deviations seriously affect the scheduling process.A novel standardization fusion method has been established to address this issue by analyzing the variation process of each objective function’s values.The optimal scheduling results of IEHS with HESS indicate that the economy and overall energy loss can be improved 2–3 times under different optimization methods.The proposed method better balances all optimization objective functions and reduces the impact of their dimensionality.When the cost of BESS decreases by approximately 30%,its participation deepens by about 1 time.Moreover,if the price of the electrolyzer is less than 15¥/kWh or if the cost of the fuel cell drops below 4¥/kWh,their participation will increase substantially.This study aims to provide a more reasonable approach to solving multi-objective optimization problems.展开更多
State Administration for Market Regulation and National Standardization Administration of China have approved the following 416 voluntary national standards and 3 voluntary national standards with amendment.
State Administration for Market Regulation and National Standardization Administration of China have approved the following 278 voluntary national standards and 3 voluntary national standards with amendment.
Uzbekistan Institute of Standards(UIS),founded in 1969,is the national standardization body of Uzbekistan.There are over 32,000 national standards in Uzbekistan.Last year,UIS revised the working regulations of all tec...Uzbekistan Institute of Standards(UIS),founded in 1969,is the national standardization body of Uzbekistan.There are over 32,000 national standards in Uzbekistan.Last year,UIS revised the working regulations of all technical committees,which were established in accordance with the organizational structure of ISO.At present,UIS has standardization training courses covering 54 directions,and more than 1,700 experts have received relevant training.UIS ranks the 95th in terms of the Quality Infrastructure for Sustainable Development(QI4SD)and 80th in terms of the Global Quality Infrastructure Index(GQII).It is a member of ISO and an associate member of IEC.In the UIS,40 experts have participated in the activities of various ISO technical committees,and 251 experts have participated in the discussion of IEC projects as observer members.展开更多
State Administration for Market Regulation and National Standardization Administration of China have approved the following 26 mandatory national standards and 1 mandatory national standard with amendment.
The European Standardization Organizations(ESOs),CEN,CENELEC and ETSI,joined forces with ENISA,the EU Agency for Cybersecurity,to host the 9th Cybersecurity Standardization Conference on March 20 in Brussels,Belgium.
If you look into the EU AI Act,you will find that the requirements are specified at a very high level.This is because the details are defined elsewhere.That is what standardization is doing.If we look at the world of ...If you look into the EU AI Act,you will find that the requirements are specified at a very high level.This is because the details are defined elsewhere.That is what standardization is doing.If we look at the world of AI standardization,there are three tiers-the international tier,the European tier and the national tier.There are also AI standardization committees at all three levels.展开更多
Long-distance oil and gas pipelines are important infrastructure for ensuring the security of national energy supply.There is still a certain gap between safety management requirements and systematic construction of r...Long-distance oil and gas pipelines are important infrastructure for ensuring the security of national energy supply.There is still a certain gap between safety management requirements and systematic construction of relevant regulations and standards for long-distance pipelines in China and those of EU countries.By means of literature review and standard comparison,the differences in key indicators such as design coefficient,regional grade classification.展开更多
To exchange experiences and progress in standardization capacity building at home and abroad,the sub-forum on capacity building and creating leadership in standardization was held on July 9.The sub-forum was hosted by...To exchange experiences and progress in standardization capacity building at home and abroad,the sub-forum on capacity building and creating leadership in standardization was held on July 9.The sub-forum was hosted by the Qingdao Municipal People’s Government and co-organized by the International Standardization Training Base(Qingdao),Qingdao University,International Standardization Outstanding Contribution Foundation,and Shandong National Standards Center of Technical Evaluation,which was expected to inject new vitality into the industrial development and provide new ideas for improving the talent cultivation system.展开更多
In the ISO,we have three pillars.The first pillar is the ISO members.Now we have 174 members,one representing one country.I would like to recognize that China plays a very important role in the governance of ISO,as Ch...In the ISO,we have three pillars.The first pillar is the ISO members.Now we have 174 members,one representing one country.I would like to recognize that China plays a very important role in the governance of ISO,as China is a permanent member of the ISO Council and the Board of Directors,and also a permanent member of the Technical Management Board.The second pillar is our technical activities.We don’t write our standards,and the standards are written by technical experts appointed by the ISO members.Now we have around 800 technical committees and subcommittees,and an incredible portfolio of over 25,000 international standards.And 75%of the ISO members are developing countries.展开更多
ropic 1:Regarding sustainable development and global public interests,what should international Al standards focus on?James Ong:Since 2019,I have witnessed the evolution of WAIC and found that a consensus on the philo...ropic 1:Regarding sustainable development and global public interests,what should international Al standards focus on?James Ong:Since 2019,I have witnessed the evolution of WAIC and found that a consensus on the philosophical and ethic level on advocating“AI for humanity”is necessary,since ethics factor carries more weight in standards development.I want to emphasize three points:AI assisting sustainable development,AI empowering a balanced global development,and human-AI coordination for preventing AI risks.展开更多
Basic communication standards that we rely upon reduce friction for consumers,customers and businesses,speed innovation and allow for cross-border collaboration among companies.That is critical for establishing global...Basic communication standards that we rely upon reduce friction for consumers,customers and businesses,speed innovation and allow for cross-border collaboration among companies.That is critical for establishing global baselines of trust.What standards can do that politics cannot is to bring people together,encourage collaboration,and encourage trusting relationships and the ability to share and develop interoperable communication systems.Today we are building roads that lead to quantum technologies,artificial intelligence and blockchain technologies,but the rules of those roads are yet to be written.The industry has an important role to play in developing rules of the road.Those rules need to start with a very basic foundation,such as data identification secured by design standards,standards for privacy protection,and watermarking,tracing and accountability of AI technologies and algorithms.These are all very achievable objectives,and they form together a foundation of trust that customers and governments worldwide can rely upon.展开更多
The 2025 International Standardization(Chilin)Forum was held in Nanjing city,East China’s Jiangsu province,on April 16 with the theme of“Towards carbon peak and carbon neutrality:international carbon footprint stand...The 2025 International Standardization(Chilin)Forum was held in Nanjing city,East China’s Jiangsu province,on April 16 with the theme of“Towards carbon peak and carbon neutrality:international carbon footprint standards driving green and low-carbon development”.展开更多
China Automotive Standardization Research Institute of CATARC is specialized in the standardization research and application in the automotive industry.The secretariat of SAC/TC 114 on automobiles is held by CATARC.Up...China Automotive Standardization Research Institute of CATARC is specialized in the standardization research and application in the automotive industry.The secretariat of SAC/TC 114 on automobiles is held by CATARC.Up to now,a standards system has been established,which consists of 1,586 standards(874 sectoral standards,593 voluntary national standards,and 119 mandatory national standards).展开更多
State Administration for Market Regulation and National Standardization Administration of China have approved the following 273 national standards and 9 national standards with amendment.
Today,I want to share how international standards can forge trust and fuel innovation,laying the foundation for a future where AI benefits everyone,everywhere.First,AI standards,developed jointly by ISO and IEC-the In...Today,I want to share how international standards can forge trust and fuel innovation,laying the foundation for a future where AI benefits everyone,everywhere.First,AI standards,developed jointly by ISO and IEC-the International Electrotechnical Commission-help build global trust and enable responsible innovation by bringing clarity and coherence to an ever-changing AI landscape.As developments in AI continue to emerge at speed,regulation is struggling to keep up and the proliferation of competing standards has created confusion rather than clarity.ISO and our partner IEC are addressing this challenge through the work of our expert committee on AI,SC 42,which takes a holistic,cohesive approach to AI standardization.展开更多
基金Supported by the Education and Teaching Reform Project of the First Clinical College of Chongqing Medical University,No.CMER202305Natural Science Foundation of Xizang Autonomous Region,No.XZ2024ZR-ZY100(Z)Program for Youth Innovation in Future Medicine,Chongqing Medical University,China,No.W0138.
文摘Infected necrotizing pancreatitis(INP)remains a life-threatening complication of acute pancreatitis.Despite advancements such as endoscopic ultrasound(EUS)-guided drainage,lumen-apposing metal stents,and protocolized step-up strate-gies,the clinical practice remains heterogeneous,with variability in endoscopic strategies,procedural timing,device selection,and adjunctive techniques contri-buting to inconsistent outcomes.This review synthesizes current evidence to contribute to a structured framework integrating multidisciplinary team decision-making,advanced imaging(three-dimensional reconstruction,contrast-enhanced computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging),EUS assessment,and biomarker-driven risk stratification(C-reactive protein,procalcitonin)to optimize patient selection,intervention timing,and complication management.Key stan-dardization components include endoscopic assessment and procedural strate-gies,optimal timing of intervention,personalized approaches for complex pan-creatic collections,and techniques to reduce the number of endoscopic debride-ments and mitigate complications.This work aims to enhance clinical outcomes,minimize practice heterogeneity,and establish a foundation for future research and guideline development in endoscopic management of INP.
基金financed by the grants from the Research Program of Sichuan TCM Culture Coordinated Development Research Center (No. 2021XT31)National Traditional Chinese Medicine Examination Research Project (No. TC2023019)National Innovation & Entrepreneurship Training Program for College Students (No. 202210633008X)。
文摘Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) is increasingly recognized worldwide as a valuable complementary and alternative medicine. To facilitate global research and collaboration in this field, the World Health Organization(WHO) introduced the International Standard Terminologies on Traditional Chinese Medicine in 2022. This international terminology translation standard, IST 2022, goes beyond conventional translation by embracing three innovative features: 1) It reflects TCM's foundational philosophy of unity and opposition, emphasizing the interconnectedness among TCM terms during translation. This approach transcends individual term translations to explore the interrelationships among them. 2) It preserves the integrity of TCM theory by retaining transliterations for unique TCM terms that possess distinct features. 3) It employs innovative xiang(image) cognition, a concept rooted in traditional Chinese thought by helping readers grasp visual and mental imagery associated with each term. This study presents a qualitative analysis based on interviews with 11 TCM translation experts, examining their perspectives on these features and their translational preferences across the IST 2007 and 2022 versions. These findings contribute to the standardization and global harmonization of TCM terminology, advocating for clarity, precision, and the advancement of TCM in the international healthcare arena.
文摘Standardizers are the most active element in standards development,and education is the core of standardization talent cultivation.To enrich students'experience in practical standardization work,the International Standardization Youth Star Competition 2024 was held in Beijing on November 10,in which students selected from universities and colleges across China prepared proposals and drafted standards with four different themes.The competition attracted the attention of both academia and industry.
基金sponsored by R&D Program of Beijing Municipal Education Commission(KM202410009013).
文摘In the independent electro-hydrogen system(IEHS)with hybrid energy storage(HESS),achieving optimal scheduling is crucial.Still,it presents a challenge due to the significant deviations in values ofmultiple optimization objective functions caused by their physical dimensions.These deviations seriously affect the scheduling process.A novel standardization fusion method has been established to address this issue by analyzing the variation process of each objective function’s values.The optimal scheduling results of IEHS with HESS indicate that the economy and overall energy loss can be improved 2–3 times under different optimization methods.The proposed method better balances all optimization objective functions and reduces the impact of their dimensionality.When the cost of BESS decreases by approximately 30%,its participation deepens by about 1 time.Moreover,if the price of the electrolyzer is less than 15¥/kWh or if the cost of the fuel cell drops below 4¥/kWh,their participation will increase substantially.This study aims to provide a more reasonable approach to solving multi-objective optimization problems.
文摘State Administration for Market Regulation and National Standardization Administration of China have approved the following 416 voluntary national standards and 3 voluntary national standards with amendment.
文摘State Administration for Market Regulation and National Standardization Administration of China have approved the following 278 voluntary national standards and 3 voluntary national standards with amendment.
文摘Uzbekistan Institute of Standards(UIS),founded in 1969,is the national standardization body of Uzbekistan.There are over 32,000 national standards in Uzbekistan.Last year,UIS revised the working regulations of all technical committees,which were established in accordance with the organizational structure of ISO.At present,UIS has standardization training courses covering 54 directions,and more than 1,700 experts have received relevant training.UIS ranks the 95th in terms of the Quality Infrastructure for Sustainable Development(QI4SD)and 80th in terms of the Global Quality Infrastructure Index(GQII).It is a member of ISO and an associate member of IEC.In the UIS,40 experts have participated in the activities of various ISO technical committees,and 251 experts have participated in the discussion of IEC projects as observer members.
文摘State Administration for Market Regulation and National Standardization Administration of China have approved the following 26 mandatory national standards and 1 mandatory national standard with amendment.
文摘The European Standardization Organizations(ESOs),CEN,CENELEC and ETSI,joined forces with ENISA,the EU Agency for Cybersecurity,to host the 9th Cybersecurity Standardization Conference on March 20 in Brussels,Belgium.
文摘If you look into the EU AI Act,you will find that the requirements are specified at a very high level.This is because the details are defined elsewhere.That is what standardization is doing.If we look at the world of AI standardization,there are three tiers-the international tier,the European tier and the national tier.There are also AI standardization committees at all three levels.
基金Soft Science Research Project of the Special Equipment Safety and Energy Conservation Technology Committee of the State Administration for Market Regulation“Comparative Study of Special Equipment Supervision and Inspection Modes at Home and Abroad(AJW-2024-06)”Scientific Research and Technology Development Project of National Oil and Gas Pipeline Network Group Co.,Ltd.“Benchmarking of Pressure Pipeline(Long-Distance Pipeline)Regulatory System and Research on In-Service Pipeline Safety Management Technology(J-24-D08)”。
文摘Long-distance oil and gas pipelines are important infrastructure for ensuring the security of national energy supply.There is still a certain gap between safety management requirements and systematic construction of relevant regulations and standards for long-distance pipelines in China and those of EU countries.By means of literature review and standard comparison,the differences in key indicators such as design coefficient,regional grade classification.
文摘To exchange experiences and progress in standardization capacity building at home and abroad,the sub-forum on capacity building and creating leadership in standardization was held on July 9.The sub-forum was hosted by the Qingdao Municipal People’s Government and co-organized by the International Standardization Training Base(Qingdao),Qingdao University,International Standardization Outstanding Contribution Foundation,and Shandong National Standards Center of Technical Evaluation,which was expected to inject new vitality into the industrial development and provide new ideas for improving the talent cultivation system.
文摘In the ISO,we have three pillars.The first pillar is the ISO members.Now we have 174 members,one representing one country.I would like to recognize that China plays a very important role in the governance of ISO,as China is a permanent member of the ISO Council and the Board of Directors,and also a permanent member of the Technical Management Board.The second pillar is our technical activities.We don’t write our standards,and the standards are written by technical experts appointed by the ISO members.Now we have around 800 technical committees and subcommittees,and an incredible portfolio of over 25,000 international standards.And 75%of the ISO members are developing countries.
文摘ropic 1:Regarding sustainable development and global public interests,what should international Al standards focus on?James Ong:Since 2019,I have witnessed the evolution of WAIC and found that a consensus on the philosophical and ethic level on advocating“AI for humanity”is necessary,since ethics factor carries more weight in standards development.I want to emphasize three points:AI assisting sustainable development,AI empowering a balanced global development,and human-AI coordination for preventing AI risks.
文摘Basic communication standards that we rely upon reduce friction for consumers,customers and businesses,speed innovation and allow for cross-border collaboration among companies.That is critical for establishing global baselines of trust.What standards can do that politics cannot is to bring people together,encourage collaboration,and encourage trusting relationships and the ability to share and develop interoperable communication systems.Today we are building roads that lead to quantum technologies,artificial intelligence and blockchain technologies,but the rules of those roads are yet to be written.The industry has an important role to play in developing rules of the road.Those rules need to start with a very basic foundation,such as data identification secured by design standards,standards for privacy protection,and watermarking,tracing and accountability of AI technologies and algorithms.These are all very achievable objectives,and they form together a foundation of trust that customers and governments worldwide can rely upon.
文摘The 2025 International Standardization(Chilin)Forum was held in Nanjing city,East China’s Jiangsu province,on April 16 with the theme of“Towards carbon peak and carbon neutrality:international carbon footprint standards driving green and low-carbon development”.
文摘China Automotive Standardization Research Institute of CATARC is specialized in the standardization research and application in the automotive industry.The secretariat of SAC/TC 114 on automobiles is held by CATARC.Up to now,a standards system has been established,which consists of 1,586 standards(874 sectoral standards,593 voluntary national standards,and 119 mandatory national standards).
文摘State Administration for Market Regulation and National Standardization Administration of China have approved the following 273 national standards and 9 national standards with amendment.
文摘Today,I want to share how international standards can forge trust and fuel innovation,laying the foundation for a future where AI benefits everyone,everywhere.First,AI standards,developed jointly by ISO and IEC-the International Electrotechnical Commission-help build global trust and enable responsible innovation by bringing clarity and coherence to an ever-changing AI landscape.As developments in AI continue to emerge at speed,regulation is struggling to keep up and the proliferation of competing standards has created confusion rather than clarity.ISO and our partner IEC are addressing this challenge through the work of our expert committee on AI,SC 42,which takes a holistic,cohesive approach to AI standardization.
