Craniosynostosis is a pathologic condition which is characterized by the premature fusion of cranial sutures.It may occur alone or in association with other anomalies making up various syndromes.Crouzon syndrome is th...Craniosynostosis is a pathologic condition which is characterized by the premature fusion of cranial sutures.It may occur alone or in association with other anomalies making up various syndromes.Crouzon syndrome is the most common craniosynostosis syndrome.Bicoronal sutures fusion is most commonly involved in Crouzon syndrome.There have only been a handful of cases of squamosal suture synostosis described in the surgery literature with the few ones described in Crouzon syndrome associated with other types of craniosynostosis.To the best of our knowledge,we are presenting the first case of isolated bilateral squamosal suture synostosis in a patient with Crouzon syndrome in a radiology journal with emphasis on its radiological appearance.展开更多
The origin of birds from theropod dinosaurs,by any measures,is the most eye-catching evolutionary transition in the history of life,which encompasses numerous extensive morphological and biological changes.Compared to...The origin of birds from theropod dinosaurs,by any measures,is the most eye-catching evolutionary transition in the history of life,which encompasses numerous extensive morphological and biological changes.Compared to postcranium,little progress has been made regarding the evolutionary assemblage of the birds’skull,because of few detailed early records of cranial materials of stem lineages.Anchiornis is the oldest known record of the Paraves(~160 Ma),the most inclusive clade that contains all living birds but not Caudipteryx or Epidexipteryx.With hundreds of known specimens,Anchiornis constitutes an ideal taxon for investigating morphological modifications across the theropod-bird transition,but its cranial morphology remains enigmatic.Here we present in-depth description of the cranial morphology of Anchiornis based on three-dimensional reconstruction of a well-preserved specimen,including elements from the temporal and palatal regions that are poorly recognized previously.Our study shows that Anchiornis retains the plesiomorphic dinosaurian condition in having a diapsid akinetic skull.The mixture of cranial characters,shared with dromaeosaurids,troodontids,and stemward avialans,present in Anchiornis demonstrates the complex history of early avialan cranial evolution.展开更多
文摘Craniosynostosis is a pathologic condition which is characterized by the premature fusion of cranial sutures.It may occur alone or in association with other anomalies making up various syndromes.Crouzon syndrome is the most common craniosynostosis syndrome.Bicoronal sutures fusion is most commonly involved in Crouzon syndrome.There have only been a handful of cases of squamosal suture synostosis described in the surgery literature with the few ones described in Crouzon syndrome associated with other types of craniosynostosis.To the best of our knowledge,we are presenting the first case of isolated bilateral squamosal suture synostosis in a patient with Crouzon syndrome in a radiology journal with emphasis on its radiological appearance.
文摘The origin of birds from theropod dinosaurs,by any measures,is the most eye-catching evolutionary transition in the history of life,which encompasses numerous extensive morphological and biological changes.Compared to postcranium,little progress has been made regarding the evolutionary assemblage of the birds’skull,because of few detailed early records of cranial materials of stem lineages.Anchiornis is the oldest known record of the Paraves(~160 Ma),the most inclusive clade that contains all living birds but not Caudipteryx or Epidexipteryx.With hundreds of known specimens,Anchiornis constitutes an ideal taxon for investigating morphological modifications across the theropod-bird transition,but its cranial morphology remains enigmatic.Here we present in-depth description of the cranial morphology of Anchiornis based on three-dimensional reconstruction of a well-preserved specimen,including elements from the temporal and palatal regions that are poorly recognized previously.Our study shows that Anchiornis retains the plesiomorphic dinosaurian condition in having a diapsid akinetic skull.The mixture of cranial characters,shared with dromaeosaurids,troodontids,and stemward avialans,present in Anchiornis demonstrates the complex history of early avialan cranial evolution.
