[目的]为筛选春油菜田防除优势阔叶杂草的高效除草剂。[方法]通过田间试验测定了5种茎叶除草剂对春油菜田阔叶杂草的防除效果及其安全性。[结果]35%氨氯酸·草除灵·二氯吡SC 210 g a.i./hm^(2)除草效果主要表现为对杂草鲜质量...[目的]为筛选春油菜田防除优势阔叶杂草的高效除草剂。[方法]通过田间试验测定了5种茎叶除草剂对春油菜田阔叶杂草的防除效果及其安全性。[结果]35%氨氯酸·草除灵·二氯吡SC 210 g a.i./hm^(2)除草效果主要表现为对杂草鲜质量的抑制,在油菜茎叶使用后40 d对阔叶杂草的防效为80.06%,田间优势杂草密花香薷、藜、猪殃殃的鲜质量防效分别为66.67%、92.71%、76.98%,尤其是对于油菜同属的野油菜具有较好的选择性,鲜质量防效达87.21%,油菜表现安全,增产率达29.92%。试验还发现50%草除灵SC 300 g a.i./hm^(2)处理对藜防效为89.29%,30%二氯吡啶酸AS 180 g a.i./hm^(2)处理对藜、猪殃殃的防效分别为87.50%、80.19%,28.6%氨氯·二氯吡AS处理154.44 g a.i./hm^(2)处理对藜、猪殃殃、野油菜的防效分别为96.73%、88.68%、67.21%。试验中21%氯氨吡啶酸AS110.25 g a.i./hm^(2)处理对田间杂草的防效表现优异,但油菜药害表现重,在试验设计剂量下不宜应用。[结论]35%氨氯酸·草除灵·二氯吡SC与50%草除灵SC、30%二氯吡啶酸AS、28.6%氨氯·二氯吡AS相比,防治效果较好,杀草谱广,并且增产效果明显,可在春油菜田推广使用。而草除灵、二氯吡啶酸、氨氯·二氯吡可根据田间草相选择使用。展开更多
Changes in isozymes of peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, polyphenol oxidase, and esterase and activities of per- oxidase and polyphenol oxidase in two annual Brassica varieties （AS-3 and CON, cold-tolerant ...Changes in isozymes of peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, polyphenol oxidase, and esterase and activities of per- oxidase and polyphenol oxidase in two annual Brassica varieties （AS-3 and CON, cold-tolerant and cold-sensitive, respectively） after 4℃ treatment were assayed. After the low temperature treatment, PAGE patterns of isozymes of peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, polyphenol oxidase, and esterase showed that the expressions and activities of these enzymes in the AS-3 variety were higher than the CON variety. Under normal and cold conditions, peroxidase and esterase activities of AS-3 were higher than those of CON. The relative freezing tolerance of these two cultivars was discussed.展开更多
为探明春油菜田野燕麦(Avena fatua L.)对高效氟吡甲禾灵抗性生理机制,在实验室对抗性生物型野燕麦和敏感性生物型喷施高效氟吡甲禾灵后测定了相关生理指标的变化,结果表明喷施高效氟吡甲禾灵EC375 m L/hm2后,野燕麦敏感种群(S)的叶绿...为探明春油菜田野燕麦(Avena fatua L.)对高效氟吡甲禾灵抗性生理机制,在实验室对抗性生物型野燕麦和敏感性生物型喷施高效氟吡甲禾灵后测定了相关生理指标的变化,结果表明喷施高效氟吡甲禾灵EC375 m L/hm2后,野燕麦敏感种群(S)的叶绿素含量呈逐渐降低的趋势,抗性种群(R)的叶绿素含量变化趋势不明显;野燕麦抗性种群(R)喷药处理后丙二醛含量始终很低,敏感种群(S)随着药剂胁迫时间的延长,施药与未施药处理后的丙二醛含量的差异明显;敏感野燕麦种群(S)施药和未施药处理后CAT的活性差异比较显著,抗性种群(R)施药后的CAT活性与未施药的CAT活性差异不显著。研究得出敏感野燕麦生物型生理变化较大,高抗野燕麦生物型具有一定的生理适应性,生理变化较小。展开更多
文摘[目的]为筛选春油菜田防除优势阔叶杂草的高效除草剂。[方法]通过田间试验测定了5种茎叶除草剂对春油菜田阔叶杂草的防除效果及其安全性。[结果]35%氨氯酸·草除灵·二氯吡SC 210 g a.i./hm^(2)除草效果主要表现为对杂草鲜质量的抑制,在油菜茎叶使用后40 d对阔叶杂草的防效为80.06%,田间优势杂草密花香薷、藜、猪殃殃的鲜质量防效分别为66.67%、92.71%、76.98%,尤其是对于油菜同属的野油菜具有较好的选择性,鲜质量防效达87.21%,油菜表现安全,增产率达29.92%。试验还发现50%草除灵SC 300 g a.i./hm^(2)处理对藜防效为89.29%,30%二氯吡啶酸AS 180 g a.i./hm^(2)处理对藜、猪殃殃的防效分别为87.50%、80.19%,28.6%氨氯·二氯吡AS处理154.44 g a.i./hm^(2)处理对藜、猪殃殃、野油菜的防效分别为96.73%、88.68%、67.21%。试验中21%氯氨吡啶酸AS110.25 g a.i./hm^(2)处理对田间杂草的防效表现优异,但油菜药害表现重,在试验设计剂量下不宜应用。[结论]35%氨氯酸·草除灵·二氯吡SC与50%草除灵SC、30%二氯吡啶酸AS、28.6%氨氯·二氯吡AS相比,防治效果较好,杀草谱广,并且增产效果明显,可在春油菜田推广使用。而草除灵、二氯吡啶酸、氨氯·二氯吡可根据田间草相选择使用。
文摘Changes in isozymes of peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, polyphenol oxidase, and esterase and activities of per- oxidase and polyphenol oxidase in two annual Brassica varieties （AS-3 and CON, cold-tolerant and cold-sensitive, respectively） after 4℃ treatment were assayed. After the low temperature treatment, PAGE patterns of isozymes of peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, polyphenol oxidase, and esterase showed that the expressions and activities of these enzymes in the AS-3 variety were higher than the CON variety. Under normal and cold conditions, peroxidase and esterase activities of AS-3 were higher than those of CON. The relative freezing tolerance of these two cultivars was discussed.
文摘为探明春油菜田野燕麦(Avena fatua L.)对高效氟吡甲禾灵抗性生理机制,在实验室对抗性生物型野燕麦和敏感性生物型喷施高效氟吡甲禾灵后测定了相关生理指标的变化,结果表明喷施高效氟吡甲禾灵EC375 m L/hm2后,野燕麦敏感种群(S)的叶绿素含量呈逐渐降低的趋势,抗性种群(R)的叶绿素含量变化趋势不明显;野燕麦抗性种群(R)喷药处理后丙二醛含量始终很低,敏感种群(S)随着药剂胁迫时间的延长,施药与未施药处理后的丙二醛含量的差异明显;敏感野燕麦种群(S)施药和未施药处理后CAT的活性差异比较显著,抗性种群(R)施药后的CAT活性与未施药的CAT活性差异不显著。研究得出敏感野燕麦生物型生理变化较大,高抗野燕麦生物型具有一定的生理适应性,生理变化较小。
