The rapid miniaturization of electronic devices has fueled unprecedented demand for flexible,high-performance sensors across fields ranging from medical devices to robotics.Despite advances in fabrication techniques,t...The rapid miniaturization of electronic devices has fueled unprecedented demand for flexible,high-performance sensors across fields ranging from medical devices to robotics.Despite advances in fabrication techniques,the development of micro-and nano-scale flexible force sensors with superior sensitivity,stability,and biocompatibility remains a formidable challenge.In this study,we developed a novel conductive photosensitive resin specifically designed for two-photon polymerization,systematically optimized its printing parameters,and improved its structural design,thereby enabling the fabrication of high-precision micro-spring force sensors(MSFS).The proposed photosensitive resin,doped with MXene nanomaterials,combines exceptional mechanical strength and conductivity,overcoming limitations of traditional materials.Using a support vector machine model in machine learning techniques,we optimized the polymerizability of the resin under varied laser parameters,achieving a predictive accuracy of 92.66%.This model significantly reduced trial-and-error in the TPP process,accelerating the discovery of ideal fabrication conditions.Finite element analysis was employed to design and simulate the performance of the MSFS,guiding structural optimization to achieve high sensitivity and mechanical stability.The fabricated MSFS demonstrated outstanding electromechanical performance,with a sensitivity coefficient of 5.65 and a fabrication accuracy within±50 nm,setting a new standard for MSFS precision.This work not only pushes the boundaries of sensor miniaturization but also introduces a scalable,efficient pathway for the rapid design and fabrication of highperformance flexible sensors.展开更多
The electro-hydrostatic actuator(EHA)pump is required to operate in a wide range of pressures and speeds to meet the variable output power demands.However,the reliable operation range of EHA pumps is restricted,and th...The electro-hydrostatic actuator(EHA)pump is required to operate in a wide range of pressures and speeds to meet the variable output power demands.However,the reliable operation range of EHA pumps is restricted,and the cylinder block tilting is considered a serious factor.This paper presents an analytical approach for evaluating the critical operation range of EHA pumps based on a criterion for cylinder tilting states.It explicitly reveals the fundamental principle of the cylinder block tilting limiting the operation range.The criterion is verified with the measured tilting angle and leakage flow.Results show that the calculated critical conditions accurately identify the inflection point of performance changes.Beyond the critical operation range,the severe cylinder block tilting leads to a sharp increase in leakage and may even result in a sudden failure.Furthermore,the impacts of the center spring force,the piston-slipper assembly mass,and the position of the spline reaction on the critical operation range are investigated.展开更多
文摘The rapid miniaturization of electronic devices has fueled unprecedented demand for flexible,high-performance sensors across fields ranging from medical devices to robotics.Despite advances in fabrication techniques,the development of micro-and nano-scale flexible force sensors with superior sensitivity,stability,and biocompatibility remains a formidable challenge.In this study,we developed a novel conductive photosensitive resin specifically designed for two-photon polymerization,systematically optimized its printing parameters,and improved its structural design,thereby enabling the fabrication of high-precision micro-spring force sensors(MSFS).The proposed photosensitive resin,doped with MXene nanomaterials,combines exceptional mechanical strength and conductivity,overcoming limitations of traditional materials.Using a support vector machine model in machine learning techniques,we optimized the polymerizability of the resin under varied laser parameters,achieving a predictive accuracy of 92.66%.This model significantly reduced trial-and-error in the TPP process,accelerating the discovery of ideal fabrication conditions.Finite element analysis was employed to design and simulate the performance of the MSFS,guiding structural optimization to achieve high sensitivity and mechanical stability.The fabricated MSFS demonstrated outstanding electromechanical performance,with a sensitivity coefficient of 5.65 and a fabrication accuracy within±50 nm,setting a new standard for MSFS precision.This work not only pushes the boundaries of sensor miniaturization but also introduces a scalable,efficient pathway for the rapid design and fabrication of highperformance flexible sensors.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51890882)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52305075)+1 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2023M733065)the Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(No.20220028076003)。
文摘The electro-hydrostatic actuator(EHA)pump is required to operate in a wide range of pressures and speeds to meet the variable output power demands.However,the reliable operation range of EHA pumps is restricted,and the cylinder block tilting is considered a serious factor.This paper presents an analytical approach for evaluating the critical operation range of EHA pumps based on a criterion for cylinder tilting states.It explicitly reveals the fundamental principle of the cylinder block tilting limiting the operation range.The criterion is verified with the measured tilting angle and leakage flow.Results show that the calculated critical conditions accurately identify the inflection point of performance changes.Beyond the critical operation range,the severe cylinder block tilting leads to a sharp increase in leakage and may even result in a sudden failure.Furthermore,the impacts of the center spring force,the piston-slipper assembly mass,and the position of the spline reaction on the critical operation range are investigated.
