Cloud detection and classification form a basis in weather analysis. Split window algorithm (SWA) is one of the simple and matured algorithms used to detect and classify water and ice clouds in the atmosphere using sa...Cloud detection and classification form a basis in weather analysis. Split window algorithm (SWA) is one of the simple and matured algorithms used to detect and classify water and ice clouds in the atmosphere using satellite data. The recent availability of Himawari-8 data has considerably strengthened the possibility of better cloud classification owing to its enhanced multi-band configuration as well as high temporal resolution. In SWA, cloud classification is attained by considering the spatial distributions of the brightness temperature (BT) and brightness temperature difference (BTD) of thermal infrared bands. In this study, we compare unsupervised classification results of SWA using the band pair of band 13 and 15 (SWA13-15, 10 and 12 μm bands), versus that of band 15 and 16 (SWA15-16, 12 and 13 μm bands) over the Japan area. Different threshold values of BT and BTD are chosen in winter and summer seasons to categorize cloud regions into nine different types. The accuracy of classification is verified by using the cloud-top height information derived from the data of Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO). For this purpose, six different paths of the space-borne lidar are selected in both summer and winter seasons, on the condition that the time span of overpass falls within the time ranges between 01:00 and 05:00 UTC, which corresponds to the local time around noon. The result of verification indicates that the classification based on SWA13-15 can detect more cloud types as compared with that based on SWA15-16 in both summer and winter seasons, though the latter combination is useful for delineating cumulonimbus underneath dense cirrus展开更多
Assisted by multipartite entanglement, Quantum information may be split so that the original qubit can be reconstructed if and only if the recipients cooperate. This paper proposes an experimentally feasible scheme fo...Assisted by multipartite entanglement, Quantum information may be split so that the original qubit can be reconstructed if and only if the recipients cooperate. This paper proposes an experimentally feasible scheme for splitting quantum information via W-type entangled states in cavity QED systems, where three-level Rydberg atoms interact with nonresonant cavities. Since W-type states are used as the quantum channel and the cavities are only virtually excited, the scheme is easy to implement and robust against decoherence, and the dependence on the quality factor of the cavities is greatly reduced.展开更多
The transport of ablated particles produced by single pulsed-laser ablation is simulated via Monte Carlo method. The pressure ranges of velocity splitting of ablated particles in different inert gases are investigated...The transport of ablated particles produced by single pulsed-laser ablation is simulated via Monte Carlo method. The pressure ranges of velocity splitting of ablated particles in different inert gases are investigated. The result shows that the range of velocity splitting decreases with the atomic mass of the ambient gas increasing. The ambient gas whose atomic mass is more than that of Kr cannot induce the velocity splitting of ablated particles. The results are explained by the underdamping model and the inertia flow model.展开更多
Nanowire(NW) structures is an alternative candidate for constructing the next generation photoelectrochemical water splitting system, due to the outstanding optical and electrical properties. NW photoelectrodes compar...Nanowire(NW) structures is an alternative candidate for constructing the next generation photoelectrochemical water splitting system, due to the outstanding optical and electrical properties. NW photoelectrodes comparing to traditional semiconductor photoelectrodes shows the comparatively shorter transfer distance of photo-induced carriers and the increase amount of the surface reaction sites, which is beneficial for lowering the recombination probability of charge carriers and improving their photoelectrochemical(PEC) performances. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that super-long Cu_2O NWs, more than 4.5 μm,with highly efficient water splitting performance, were synthesized using a cost-effective anodic alumina oxide(AAO) template method. In comparison with the photocathode with planar Cu_2O films, the photocathode with Cu_2O NWs demonstrates a significant enhancement in photocurrent, from –1.00 to –2.75 mA/cm^2 at –0.8 V versus Ag/AgCl. After optimization of the photoelectrochemical electrode through depositing Pt NPs with atomic layer deposition(ALD) technology on the Cu_2O NWs, the plateau of photocurrent has been enlarged to –7 mA/cm^2 with the external quantum yield up to 34% at 410 nm. This study suggests that the photoelectrode based on Cu_2O NWs is a hopeful system for establishing high-efficiency water splitting system under visible light.展开更多
In this paper the propagation of elegant Hermite-cosh-Gaussian, elegant Laguerre Gaussian, and Bessel Gaussian beams through a Kerr left-handed metamaterial （LHM） slab have been studied. A split-step Fourier method ...In this paper the propagation of elegant Hermite-cosh-Gaussian, elegant Laguerre Gaussian, and Bessel Gaussian beams through a Kerr left-handed metamaterial （LHM） slab have been studied. A split-step Fourier method is used to investigate the propagation of laser beams through this media. Numerical simulation shows that Gaussian beams have different focusing behaviors in a Kerr LHM slab with positive or negative nonlinearity. Beam focusing happens in slabs with positive nonlinearity and not in slabs with negative nonlinearity; however, negative nonlinearity is required for a Kerr LHM slab to act like a lens. Additionally, the focusing properties of beams can be controlled by controlling the thickness of the slab or the input power of the incident beam. A multilayer structure is also proposed to have beam focusing by thinner slabs and passing longer distances.展开更多
文摘Cloud detection and classification form a basis in weather analysis. Split window algorithm (SWA) is one of the simple and matured algorithms used to detect and classify water and ice clouds in the atmosphere using satellite data. The recent availability of Himawari-8 data has considerably strengthened the possibility of better cloud classification owing to its enhanced multi-band configuration as well as high temporal resolution. In SWA, cloud classification is attained by considering the spatial distributions of the brightness temperature (BT) and brightness temperature difference (BTD) of thermal infrared bands. In this study, we compare unsupervised classification results of SWA using the band pair of band 13 and 15 (SWA13-15, 10 and 12 μm bands), versus that of band 15 and 16 (SWA15-16, 12 and 13 μm bands) over the Japan area. Different threshold values of BT and BTD are chosen in winter and summer seasons to categorize cloud regions into nine different types. The accuracy of classification is verified by using the cloud-top height information derived from the data of Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO). For this purpose, six different paths of the space-borne lidar are selected in both summer and winter seasons, on the condition that the time span of overpass falls within the time ranges between 01:00 and 05:00 UTC, which corresponds to the local time around noon. The result of verification indicates that the classification based on SWA13-15 can detect more cloud types as compared with that based on SWA15-16 in both summer and winter seasons, though the latter combination is useful for delineating cumulonimbus underneath dense cirrus
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No 60677044)the Funds for Introduced Talent of Ocean University of China
文摘Assisted by multipartite entanglement, Quantum information may be split so that the original qubit can be reconstructed if and only if the recipients cooperate. This paper proposes an experimentally feasible scheme for splitting quantum information via W-type entangled states in cavity QED systems, where three-level Rydberg atoms interact with nonresonant cavities. Since W-type states are used as the quantum channel and the cavities are only virtually excited, the scheme is easy to implement and robust against decoherence, and the dependence on the quality factor of the cavities is greatly reduced.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2011CB612305)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province,China(Grant Nos.E2012201035 and E2011201134)
文摘The transport of ablated particles produced by single pulsed-laser ablation is simulated via Monte Carlo method. The pressure ranges of velocity splitting of ablated particles in different inert gases are investigated. The result shows that the range of velocity splitting decreases with the atomic mass of the ambient gas increasing. The ambient gas whose atomic mass is more than that of Kr cannot induce the velocity splitting of ablated particles. The results are explained by the underdamping model and the inertia flow model.
基金supported by European Research Council(HiNaPc:737616)European Research Council(ThreeDsurface:240144)+8 种基金BMBF(ZIK-3DNanoDevice:03Z1MN11)DFG(LE2249_4-1)BMBF(Meta-ZIK-BioLithoMorphie:03Z1M511)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21577086,51702130,21503209)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK 20170550)Jiangsu Specially-Appointed Professor ProgramHundred-Talent Program(Chinese Academy of Sciences)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.2162042)Key Research Program of Frontier Science,CAS(No.QYZDBSSW-SLH006)
文摘Nanowire(NW) structures is an alternative candidate for constructing the next generation photoelectrochemical water splitting system, due to the outstanding optical and electrical properties. NW photoelectrodes comparing to traditional semiconductor photoelectrodes shows the comparatively shorter transfer distance of photo-induced carriers and the increase amount of the surface reaction sites, which is beneficial for lowering the recombination probability of charge carriers and improving their photoelectrochemical(PEC) performances. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that super-long Cu_2O NWs, more than 4.5 μm,with highly efficient water splitting performance, were synthesized using a cost-effective anodic alumina oxide(AAO) template method. In comparison with the photocathode with planar Cu_2O films, the photocathode with Cu_2O NWs demonstrates a significant enhancement in photocurrent, from –1.00 to –2.75 mA/cm^2 at –0.8 V versus Ag/AgCl. After optimization of the photoelectrochemical electrode through depositing Pt NPs with atomic layer deposition(ALD) technology on the Cu_2O NWs, the plateau of photocurrent has been enlarged to –7 mA/cm^2 with the external quantum yield up to 34% at 410 nm. This study suggests that the photoelectrode based on Cu_2O NWs is a hopeful system for establishing high-efficiency water splitting system under visible light.
文摘In this paper the propagation of elegant Hermite-cosh-Gaussian, elegant Laguerre Gaussian, and Bessel Gaussian beams through a Kerr left-handed metamaterial （LHM） slab have been studied. A split-step Fourier method is used to investigate the propagation of laser beams through this media. Numerical simulation shows that Gaussian beams have different focusing behaviors in a Kerr LHM slab with positive or negative nonlinearity. Beam focusing happens in slabs with positive nonlinearity and not in slabs with negative nonlinearity; however, negative nonlinearity is required for a Kerr LHM slab to act like a lens. Additionally, the focusing properties of beams can be controlled by controlling the thickness of the slab or the input power of the incident beam. A multilayer structure is also proposed to have beam focusing by thinner slabs and passing longer distances.
