High-energy-density(HED)fuel(e.g.widely used JP-10 and RJ-4),featuring compact 3D polycyclic structure with high strain,is of critical importance for volume-limited military aircraft,since their high density and combu...High-energy-density(HED)fuel(e.g.widely used JP-10 and RJ-4),featuring compact 3D polycyclic structure with high strain,is of critical importance for volume-limited military aircraft,since their high density and combustion heat can provide more propulsion energy.To reduce the reliance on petroleum source,it is highly desirable to develop renewable alternatives for the production of strained polycyclic HED fuel,but which remains a big challenge because of the inaccessibility caused by the high strain,We herein demonstrate a three-step catalytic route towards highly strained C_(17)and C_(18)spirofuel with biomass feedstocks.The process includes catalytic aldol condensation of renewable cyclohexanone/cyclopentanone with benzaldehyde,catalytic spiro Diels-Alder(D-A)reaction of aldol adduct with isoprene,and catalytic hydrodeoxygenation.The key spiro D-A reaction is enabled by the catalysis of heterogeneous Lewis acidic ionic liquid.The chloroaluminate IL,formed by benign urea and AICl3,exhibits good catalytic performance and reusability for this step.An eventual hydrodeoxygenation(HDO)over Pd/C and H-Y produces strained tricyclic spirofuel with density>0.93 g/mL,combustion heat>41 MJ/L and freezing point<-40℃,which are better than the properties of tactical fuel RJ-4.Therefore,it is anticipated that the as-prepared renewable fuels have the potential to replace traditional petroleum-derived HED fuels.展开更多
A series of photo active azido analogues have been synthesized and their photochromic properties have also been investigated by UV-Vis spectrum. It will be used for the rapid and reliable preparation of large amounts ...A series of photo active azido analogues have been synthesized and their photochromic properties have also been investigated by UV-Vis spectrum. It will be used for the rapid and reliable preparation of large amounts of stable, non-radioactive labeled DNA and RNA hybridization probes. And it is supposed to be easily detected for its photochromic properties.展开更多
Spiro heterocycles frequently occur in bioactive molecules. In the pursuit of neonicotinoids with spiro hererocycles, three types of novel neonicotinoids with spirobenzofuranone, spirooxindole or spiroacenaphythylenon...Spiro heterocycles frequently occur in bioactive molecules. In the pursuit of neonicotinoids with spiro hererocycles, three types of novel neonicotinoids with spirobenzofuranone, spirooxindole or spiroacenaphythylenone framework were designed and synthesized. Insecticidal evaluation showed that some of spirobenzofuranone containing neonicotinoids exhibited moderate activity against cowpea aphid, armyworm or brown planthopper.展开更多
Two novel spiro compounds,3-benzylidene-1,5-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane-2,4-dione 1 and 3-（2-fluorobenzylidene）-1,5-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane-2,4-dione 2,have been synthesized and characterized by X-ray single-crystal dif...Two novel spiro compounds,3-benzylidene-1,5-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane-2,4-dione 1 and 3-（2-fluorobenzylidene）-1,5-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane-2,4-dione 2,have been synthesized and characterized by X-ray single-crystal diffraction,IR and elemental analysis.Compound 1 belongs to the monoclinic system,space group P21/n with a=12.326（3）,b=5.6420（11）,c=20.089（4）,β= 101.79（3）o,C16H16O4,Mr= 272.29,V=1367.7（5）3,Z=4,Dc=1.322g/cm3,F（000）=576,μ（MoKa）=0.095 mm-1,the final R=0.0420 and wR=0.1159.Compound 2 is of monoclinic system,space group P21/n with a=12.283（3）,b=5.6367（11）,c=20.055（4）,β=102.00（3）o,C16H15FO4,Mr=290.28,V=1358.2（5）3,Z=4,Dc=1.420 g/cm3,F（000）=608,μ（MoKa）=0.110 mm-1,the final R=0.0353 and wR=0.0860.展开更多
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2023QN1009)Xuzhou Basic Research Project(KC23018)+1 种基金China University of Mining and Technology(CUMT)Open Sharing Fund for Large-scale Instruments and Equipment(DYGX-2024-34)Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions.
文摘High-energy-density(HED)fuel(e.g.widely used JP-10 and RJ-4),featuring compact 3D polycyclic structure with high strain,is of critical importance for volume-limited military aircraft,since their high density and combustion heat can provide more propulsion energy.To reduce the reliance on petroleum source,it is highly desirable to develop renewable alternatives for the production of strained polycyclic HED fuel,but which remains a big challenge because of the inaccessibility caused by the high strain,We herein demonstrate a three-step catalytic route towards highly strained C_(17)and C_(18)spirofuel with biomass feedstocks.The process includes catalytic aldol condensation of renewable cyclohexanone/cyclopentanone with benzaldehyde,catalytic spiro Diels-Alder(D-A)reaction of aldol adduct with isoprene,and catalytic hydrodeoxygenation.The key spiro D-A reaction is enabled by the catalysis of heterogeneous Lewis acidic ionic liquid.The chloroaluminate IL,formed by benign urea and AICl3,exhibits good catalytic performance and reusability for this step.An eventual hydrodeoxygenation(HDO)over Pd/C and H-Y produces strained tricyclic spirofuel with density>0.93 g/mL,combustion heat>41 MJ/L and freezing point<-40℃,which are better than the properties of tactical fuel RJ-4.Therefore,it is anticipated that the as-prepared renewable fuels have the potential to replace traditional petroleum-derived HED fuels.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China for financial support.(Grant Nos.20072018 and 20372039).
文摘A series of photo active azido analogues have been synthesized and their photochromic properties have also been investigated by UV-Vis spectrum. It will be used for the rapid and reliable preparation of large amounts of stable, non-radioactive labeled DNA and RNA hybridization probes. And it is supposed to be easily detected for its photochromic properties.
基金financial supported by National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program,No.2010CB126100)National High Technology Research Development Program of China(863 Program,No.2011AA10A207)+4 种基金Key Projects in the National Science & Technology Pillar Program(No.2011BAE06B05)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21372079)Shanghai Education Committee(No.12ZZ057)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitiespartly supported by Australia DC Foundation
文摘Spiro heterocycles frequently occur in bioactive molecules. In the pursuit of neonicotinoids with spiro hererocycles, three types of novel neonicotinoids with spirobenzofuranone, spirooxindole or spiroacenaphythylenone framework were designed and synthesized. Insecticidal evaluation showed that some of spirobenzofuranone containing neonicotinoids exhibited moderate activity against cowpea aphid, armyworm or brown planthopper.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (No. Y2008B29)
文摘Two novel spiro compounds,3-benzylidene-1,5-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane-2,4-dione 1 and 3-（2-fluorobenzylidene）-1,5-dioxaspiro[5.5]undecane-2,4-dione 2,have been synthesized and characterized by X-ray single-crystal diffraction,IR and elemental analysis.Compound 1 belongs to the monoclinic system,space group P21/n with a=12.326（3）,b=5.6420（11）,c=20.089（4）,β= 101.79（3）o,C16H16O4,Mr= 272.29,V=1367.7（5）3,Z=4,Dc=1.322g/cm3,F（000）=576,μ（MoKa）=0.095 mm-1,the final R=0.0420 and wR=0.1159.Compound 2 is of monoclinic system,space group P21/n with a=12.283（3）,b=5.6367（11）,c=20.055（4）,β=102.00（3）o,C16H15FO4,Mr=290.28,V=1358.2（5）3,Z=4,Dc=1.420 g/cm3,F（000）=608,μ（MoKa）=0.110 mm-1,the final R=0.0353 and wR=0.0860.
