Objective To evaluate the relation between sperm count and ejaculatory volume. Methods Semen samples from 1 364 men were collected and ejaculate volume and sperm count were performed. Results A low correlation （11.6%...Objective To evaluate the relation between sperm count and ejaculatory volume. Methods Semen samples from 1 364 men were collected and ejaculate volume and sperm count were performed. Results A low correlation （11.6%） was found but statistically significant （P 〈O.O00 1） and a trend was observed to decrease in the linear regression analysis. In addition, the ejaculate volume was lower in the group with higher sperm count. Conclusion Sperm cells are diluted in the ejaculate volume, for this reason the ejaculates with more volume present less sperm count.展开更多
It has been hypothesized that during the last several decades human sperm count has declined because of prenatal exposure to environmental chemicals. We examined the relation between semen quality and birth year among...It has been hypothesized that during the last several decades human sperm count has declined because of prenatal exposure to environmental chemicals. We examined the relation between semen quality and birth year among 8608 men born from 1922 to 1971 and who from 1968 to 1992 consulted 4 Danish medical centers because of barren marriage. Data were obtained from medical records and by a postal questionnaire to a subset of the population. The sperm concentration was significantly declining with increasing year of birth in 2 of the 4 centers, but this association disappeared when confounders were adjusted for. Within the subset of men born during 1955~1970 comprising 36% of the entire population we revealed a decrease of the average sperm concentration by 1.6 million /ml (95% CI:0.7~2.5) per one advancing year of birth.This finding was consistent across all the 4 centers and robust to adjustment for effects of calendar period, season and duration of sexual abstinence. Effects of age were accounted for by restriction of the sample to men between 20 and 45 years. The findings are compatible with environmental impact in the prenatal period after 1955 but are far from unequivocal evidence that the sperm count in the general male Danish population has changed during the past decades.展开更多
本文标题里的 Sperm count,是“精子数”的意思。男性精液中的精子数量历来是医学界重视的一个问题。曾经有消息说,上个世纪的100年中,男性的 sperm count约减少了20％,而本文报道的最新研究表明,美国的若干乡村地区男性的 sperm count...本文标题里的 Sperm count,是“精子数”的意思。男性精液中的精子数量历来是医学界重视的一个问题。曾经有消息说,上个世纪的100年中,男性的 sperm count约减少了20％,而本文报道的最新研究表明,美国的若干乡村地区男性的 sperm count比城市男性要少！ 于是,就有了以下种种猜测: l/a man’s sperm count is affected by where he lives and the kind of things he is exposed to. 2/agricultural chemicals may be to blame 3/in some animal species that are crowded,the dominant males become more fertile(能繁殖的).展开更多
Varicocele is a prevalent condition in the infertile male population.However,to date,which patients may benefit most from varicocele repair is still a matter of debate.The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether...Varicocele is a prevalent condition in the infertile male population.However,to date,which patients may benefit most from varicocele repair is still a matter of debate.The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether certain preintervention sperm parameters are predictive of successful varicocele repair,defined as an improvement in total motile sperm count(TMSC).We performed a retrospective study on 111 patients with varicocele who had undergone varicocele repair,collected from the Department of Endocrinology,Metabolic Diseases and Nutrition,University of Catania(Catania,Italy),and the Unit of Urology at the Selcuk University School of Medicine(Konya,Türkiye).The predictive analysis was conducted through the use of the Brain Project,an innovative tool that allows a complete and totally unbiased search of mathematical expressions that relate the object of study to the various parameters available.Varicocele repair was considered successful when TMSC increased by at least 50% of the preintervention value.For patients with preintervention TMSC below 5×10^(6),improvement was considered clinically relevant when the increase exceeded 50% and the absolute TMSC value was>5×10^(6).From the preintervention TMSC alone,we found a model that predicts patients who appear to benefit little from varicocele repair with a sensitivity of 50.0% and a specificity of 81.8%.Varicocele grade and serum follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)levels did not play a predictive role,but it should be noted that all patients enrolled in this study were selected with intermediate-or high-grade varicocele and normal FSH levels.In conclusion,preintervention TMSC is predictive of the success of varicocele repair in terms of TMSC improvement in patients with intermediate-or high-grade varicoceles and normal FSH levels.展开更多
BACKGROUND Although limited clinical evidence exists,such as case reports of azoospermia treatment in humans using bone marrow aspirate concentrate(BMAC)injection,these findings provide a compelling foundation for exp...BACKGROUND Although limited clinical evidence exists,such as case reports of azoospermia treatment in humans using bone marrow aspirate concentrate(BMAC)injection,these findings provide a compelling foundation for exploring mesenchymal stem cell therapy in male infertility.AIM To evaluate the safety and efficacy of autologous BMAC injection into human testis for men with severe oligospermia or azoospermia over the existing standard of care pharmacotherapy and lifestyle modifications.METHODS We included patients diagnosed with male infertility of the age group between 35–45 years in this trial comparing BMAC injection therapy with pharmacotherapy and lifestyle modifications over a 6-month follow-up period.Semen analysis was used to evaluate the efficacy of the interventions analyzed.RESULTS We enrolled 30 patients in the trial with 10 patients in each arm of the trial.Compared to the baseline,neither the BMAC group(P=0.139)or pharmacotherapy group(P=0.056)nor the lifestyle modification group(P=0.112)demonstrated a statistically significant increase in sperm count at 6 months.However,the BMAC group demonstrated a significant increase in sperm count(mean 19.2 million;P=0.001)compared to the pharmacotherapy group(mean 3.5 million)and lifestyle modification group(mean 2.2 million)at 6 months.Significant improvement was noted in the motility grade(P<0.001)only in the BMAC group while no changes were noted in the other groups.CONCLUSION This trial highlights the potential of autologous BMAC as a promising therapeutic option for male infertility.Despite the absence of significant changes within individual treatment arms,BMAC therapy demonstrated superior efficacy in improving both sperm count and motility compared to standard pharmacotherapy and lifestyle modifications.These findings underscore the potential role of regenerative medicine in addressing severe oligospermia and azoospermia,warranting further research to solidify its clinical applicability.展开更多
OBJECTIVE： To study the effect of Wuziyanzong treatment on the sperm quality and content of cal- cium ions （Ca2＋） in oligoasthenospermia rats. METHODS： A model of oligoasthenospermia was induced in 50 Sprague Daw...OBJECTIVE： To study the effect of Wuziyanzong treatment on the sperm quality and content of cal- cium ions （Ca2＋） in oligoasthenospermia rats. METHODS： A model of oligoasthenospermia was induced in 50 Sprague Dawley rats by treatment with tripterygium glycosides at 30 mg/kg per day for 8 weeks. They were divided randomly into a model group, a positive group （Huangjingzanyu capsule, 3.01 g/kg）, and low, medium and high dose Wuziyanzong treatment groups （2.30, 4.60, 9.20 g/kg crude drug respectively） with 10 in each group. Another 10 rats were used as a control group. The rats in the control and model groups were administered distilled water, while the rats in the remaining groups were administered Wuziyan- zong for 30 d. The epididymides were removed, spermatozoa recovered and the sperm density and viability were measured. The spermatozoa were pu- rified and the contents of Ca2~ in the cytoplasm and mitochondria were detected by flow cytometry and atomic absorption spectrometry, respectively. RESULTS： After 8 weeks of treatment with tripteryg- ium glycosides, the sperm density, sperm activity and the Ca2~ content of spermatozoa in the model rats were all significantly decreased compared with the control group （all P〈O.05）. After 30 d treatment, the sperm density and activity improved and the Ca2＋ content of sperm were increased significantly in the medium and high dose Wuziyanzong treat- ment groups in comparison with the model group （all P〈O.05）. CONCLUSION： The Wuziyanzong treatment in： creased sperm density, improved sperm viability and enhanced the content of Ca2＋ in the sperm cy- toplasm and mitochondria in this rat model of oli- goasthenospermia.展开更多
Follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)represents a therapeutic option in normogonadotropic patients with idiopathic oligozoospermia.The aim of this review was to evaluate the possible dose-and drug-dependent efficacy of FS...Follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)represents a therapeutic option in normogonadotropic patients with idiopathic oligozoospermia.The aim of this review was to evaluate the possible dose-and drug-dependent efficacy of FSH treatment on conventional sperm parameters.We performed a comprehensive systematic review via a meta-analysis of all available randomized controlled trials,in which FSH administration was compared with placebo or no treatment when administered to normogonadotropic patients with idiopathic oligozoospermia.Of the 971 articles that were retrieved,5 were fin ally included,in eluding a total of 372 patie nts and 294 controls.Overall,FSH treatment was effective in ameliorating the sperm concentration,total count,progressive motility,but not normal forms.On the basis of the weekly dosage,the studies were classified into those using low(175-262.5 IU per week),intermediate(350-525 IU per week),and high(700-1050 IU per week)doses.At low doses,FSH improved only sperm motility.At intermediate doses,FSH ameliorated sperm concentration and morphology.Total sperm count and progressive motility showed a trend toward the increase.At high doses,FSH increased sperm concentration,total sperm count,and progressive motility.Sperm morphology showed a trend toward the increase.Finally,both highly purified FSH(hpFSH)and recombinant human FSH(rhFSH)improved sperm concentration,total sperm count,progressive motility,but not morphology.No different efficacy was observed between these two preparations.This meta-analysis provides evidence in favor of high FSH doses.The FSH efficacy was not related to the preparation type(recombinant vs highly purified).Further studies are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of Iong-standing treatment regimes.展开更多
A man having severe oligospermia, due to partial maturation arrest at spermatid stage, was given low dose estrogen-testosterone combination therapy for three months. His sperm count increased enormously, following whi...A man having severe oligospermia, due to partial maturation arrest at spermatid stage, was given low dose estrogen-testosterone combination therapy for three months. His sperm count increased enormously, following which his wife conceived and delivered a healthy baby at term.展开更多
Aim： To investigate the reversibility of the effect of nandrolone decanoate （ND） on sperm parameters after discontinuing the drug. Methods： Three groups of rats received peanut oil （control）, low and high doses ...Aim： To investigate the reversibility of the effect of nandrolone decanoate （ND） on sperm parameters after discontinuing the drug. Methods： Three groups of rats received peanut oil （control）, low and high doses of ND for 14 weeks, respectively. Each group was divided into subgroups A and B, in which rats were killed 14 and 28 weeks after initiating the injection, respectively. Results： Sperm count and motile sperm fraction were decreased in the subgroups A and B that received low and high doses of ND in comparison with the controls A and B, respectively. The sperm count and motile sperm fraction increased in the subgroups B that received low and high doses of ND in comparison with their corresponding subgroups A. The number of normal morphology sperm was decreased significantly in subgroups A receiving low and high doses of ND in comparison with the control subgroup A. However, this parameter was not decreased in subgroups B receiving low and high doses in comparison with the control subgroup B. The normal sperm morphology did not show any significant differences in the subgroups B in comparison with their corresponding subgroups A. Conclusion： The 14-week injection of low and high doses of ND decreases sperm quality and quantity in rats. These parameters were improved after discontinuing ND, but not recovered completely even when they are left untreated for 14 weeks.展开更多
Objective To investigate sperm parameters of ejaculates with hyperspermia.Methods One hundred and thirty-three ejaculates with hyperspermia （semen volume 〉6 ml） were divided into three groups： group A, n=66, semen...Objective To investigate sperm parameters of ejaculates with hyperspermia.Methods One hundred and thirty-three ejaculates with hyperspermia （semen volume 〉6 ml） were divided into three groups： group A, n=66, semen volume 6.0-6.9 ml; group B, n=63, semen volume 〉7.0 ml, group C, n=4, semen volume 〉6.0 ml, no sperm in the ejaculates. Sperm motility, count, and morphology were determined according to the World Health Organization Laboratory Manual （2010）.Results Of the 133 ejaculates studied, the largest volume was 10.8 ml. Most samples with hyperspermia had normal conventional sperm parameters. No differences were found on sperm motility and abnormal morphology rate between groups A and B （P〉 0. 05）. In addition, no differences were also found on incidences of low motility, low sperm count, high abnormal morphology, and white blood cell （WBC） positivity between groups A and B （P〉0. 05）. However, sperm count in group B was significantly lower than that in group A （P〈0.05）. Ejaculates in group C had no WBC positivity. Conclusion Hyperspermia could have multiple forms for sperm parameters including good or poor status. Increasing seminal volume could not influence sperm parameters except for sperm count.展开更多
We aimed to compare the sperm quality in different cancer types and benign diseases before gonadotoxic treatment,and assess the usage rate of cryopreserved sperm for assisted reproductive treatment(ART).This retrospec...We aimed to compare the sperm quality in different cancer types and benign diseases before gonadotoxic treatment,and assess the usage rate of cryopreserved sperm for assisted reproductive treatment(ART).This retrospective study was conducted at two university clinics between January 2008 and July 2018.A total of 545 patients suffering from cancer or benign diseases were included in the study.The pretreatment sperm analyses were based on the World Health Organization(WHO)guidelines.Patients with testicular malignancy(TM)showed a significantly lower sperm count(median[interquartile range]:18.7×10^(6)[5.3×10^(6)-43.0×10^(6)]ml^(-1);P=0.03)as well as total sperm count(42.4×10^(6)[13.3×10^(6)-108.5×10^(6)]per ejaculate;P=0.007)compared to other malignant and benign diseases.In addition,patients with nonseminomatous TM showed the lowest sperm count(14.3×10^(6)[6.0×10^(6)-29.9×10^(6)]ml^(-1),vs seminomas:16.5 x 106[4.6×10^(6)-20.3×10^(6)]ml^(-1);P=0.001).With reference to the WHO 2010 guidelines,approximately 48.0%of the patients with TM and 23.0%with hematological malignancies(HM)had oligozoospermia.During the observation period,only 29 patients(5.3%)used their frozen sperms for 48 ART cycles,resulting in 15 clinical pregnancies and 10 live births.The sperm quality varies with the type of underlying disease,with TM and HM patients showing the lowest sperm counts.Due to the observed low usage rate of cryopreserved sperm,further patient interviews and sperm analyses should be included in the routine oncologic protocols to avoid unnecessary storage expenses.However,sperm banking is worth the effort as it provides hope for men who cannot reproduce naturally after gonadotoxic treatment.展开更多
Objective To investigate the age-long claim by the locales that the food thickener, M. urens seed, has antispermatogenic, hence, antifertility effects in man. Methods Eight-week old male Albino rats were used as the m...Objective To investigate the age-long claim by the locales that the food thickener, M. urens seed, has antispermatogenic, hence, antifertility effects in man. Methods Eight-week old male Albino rats were used as the mammalian model for this study. They were assigned to four groups of 6 rats each and treatment with the ethanol extract was for a period of 14 d. The treatment regimes were 70 mg/kg, 140 mg/kg, 210 mg/kg and 0 mg/kg BW in groups A, B, C and D, respectively. Extracts were prepared by Soxhlet extraction using 80% ethanol as the extracting solvent. The stock solution was prepared by dissolving 1 g of the paste extract in 10 ml corn oil （vehicle） to make up 100 mg/ml concentration. At the end of the treatment, sperm from the distal caudal epididymis was collected and analyzed for sperm count, sperm motility and sperm morphology. Results Significant reduction was observed in sperm count and sperm motility （P〈0.05）. The mean sperm count for group A was 6.27±0.02×10^6, for group B was 6.16±0.02×10^6 and group C had 6.0±0.0×10^6 sperm cells The control （group D） had a mean sperm count of 6.50±0.09×10^6 which was higher than that of any treated group. Results of the sperm motility test gave the following mean rates for motile sperm cells after treatment： group A, 57.6±% 2.1; group B, 50.0±4.0; group C, 45.0±4.0. The control had the highest mean motility rate of 72.3±2.1. The observed sperm abnormalities included unusual head with large acrosome, looped tailpiece, mid piece with distal droplet, pin head, pyriform head and long hook.Conclusion The anti-spermatogenic effects of the extract on the sperm in the Albino rat may lead to reduction of fertility.展开更多
基金Universidad de Antioquia supported this work and Walter Cardona Maya was supported by a fellowship from Colciencias, Colombia
文摘Objective To evaluate the relation between sperm count and ejaculatory volume. Methods Semen samples from 1 364 men were collected and ejaculate volume and sperm count were performed. Results A low correlation （11.6%） was found but statistically significant （P 〈O.O00 1） and a trend was observed to decrease in the linear regression analysis. In addition, the ejaculate volume was lower in the group with higher sperm count. Conclusion Sperm cells are diluted in the ejaculate volume, for this reason the ejaculates with more volume present less sperm count.
文摘It has been hypothesized that during the last several decades human sperm count has declined because of prenatal exposure to environmental chemicals. We examined the relation between semen quality and birth year among 8608 men born from 1922 to 1971 and who from 1968 to 1992 consulted 4 Danish medical centers because of barren marriage. Data were obtained from medical records and by a postal questionnaire to a subset of the population. The sperm concentration was significantly declining with increasing year of birth in 2 of the 4 centers, but this association disappeared when confounders were adjusted for. Within the subset of men born during 1955~1970 comprising 36% of the entire population we revealed a decrease of the average sperm concentration by 1.6 million /ml (95% CI:0.7~2.5) per one advancing year of birth.This finding was consistent across all the 4 centers and robust to adjustment for effects of calendar period, season and duration of sexual abstinence. Effects of age were accounted for by restriction of the sample to men between 20 and 45 years. The findings are compatible with environmental impact in the prenatal period after 1955 but are far from unequivocal evidence that the sperm count in the general male Danish population has changed during the past decades.
文摘本文标题里的 Sperm count,是“精子数”的意思。男性精液中的精子数量历来是医学界重视的一个问题。曾经有消息说,上个世纪的100年中,男性的 sperm count约减少了20％,而本文报道的最新研究表明,美国的若干乡村地区男性的 sperm count比城市男性要少！ 于是,就有了以下种种猜测: l/a man’s sperm count is affected by where he lives and the kind of things he is exposed to. 2/agricultural chemicals may be to blame 3/in some animal species that are crowded,the dominant males become more fertile(能繁殖的).
文摘Varicocele is a prevalent condition in the infertile male population.However,to date,which patients may benefit most from varicocele repair is still a matter of debate.The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether certain preintervention sperm parameters are predictive of successful varicocele repair,defined as an improvement in total motile sperm count(TMSC).We performed a retrospective study on 111 patients with varicocele who had undergone varicocele repair,collected from the Department of Endocrinology,Metabolic Diseases and Nutrition,University of Catania(Catania,Italy),and the Unit of Urology at the Selcuk University School of Medicine(Konya,Türkiye).The predictive analysis was conducted through the use of the Brain Project,an innovative tool that allows a complete and totally unbiased search of mathematical expressions that relate the object of study to the various parameters available.Varicocele repair was considered successful when TMSC increased by at least 50% of the preintervention value.For patients with preintervention TMSC below 5×10^(6),improvement was considered clinically relevant when the increase exceeded 50% and the absolute TMSC value was>5×10^(6).From the preintervention TMSC alone,we found a model that predicts patients who appear to benefit little from varicocele repair with a sensitivity of 50.0% and a specificity of 81.8%.Varicocele grade and serum follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)levels did not play a predictive role,but it should be noted that all patients enrolled in this study were selected with intermediate-or high-grade varicocele and normal FSH levels.In conclusion,preintervention TMSC is predictive of the success of varicocele repair in terms of TMSC improvement in patients with intermediate-or high-grade varicoceles and normal FSH levels.
文摘BACKGROUND Although limited clinical evidence exists,such as case reports of azoospermia treatment in humans using bone marrow aspirate concentrate(BMAC)injection,these findings provide a compelling foundation for exploring mesenchymal stem cell therapy in male infertility.AIM To evaluate the safety and efficacy of autologous BMAC injection into human testis for men with severe oligospermia or azoospermia over the existing standard of care pharmacotherapy and lifestyle modifications.METHODS We included patients diagnosed with male infertility of the age group between 35–45 years in this trial comparing BMAC injection therapy with pharmacotherapy and lifestyle modifications over a 6-month follow-up period.Semen analysis was used to evaluate the efficacy of the interventions analyzed.RESULTS We enrolled 30 patients in the trial with 10 patients in each arm of the trial.Compared to the baseline,neither the BMAC group(P=0.139)or pharmacotherapy group(P=0.056)nor the lifestyle modification group(P=0.112)demonstrated a statistically significant increase in sperm count at 6 months.However,the BMAC group demonstrated a significant increase in sperm count(mean 19.2 million;P=0.001)compared to the pharmacotherapy group(mean 3.5 million)and lifestyle modification group(mean 2.2 million)at 6 months.Significant improvement was noted in the motility grade(P<0.001)only in the BMAC group while no changes were noted in the other groups.CONCLUSION This trial highlights the potential of autologous BMAC as a promising therapeutic option for male infertility.Despite the absence of significant changes within individual treatment arms,BMAC therapy demonstrated superior efficacy in improving both sperm count and motility compared to standard pharmacotherapy and lifestyle modifications.These findings underscore the potential role of regenerative medicine in addressing severe oligospermia and azoospermia,warranting further research to solidify its clinical applicability.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81173387)the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui college of TCM(Grant No.2010ZR002A)
文摘OBJECTIVE： To study the effect of Wuziyanzong treatment on the sperm quality and content of cal- cium ions （Ca2＋） in oligoasthenospermia rats. METHODS： A model of oligoasthenospermia was induced in 50 Sprague Dawley rats by treatment with tripterygium glycosides at 30 mg/kg per day for 8 weeks. They were divided randomly into a model group, a positive group （Huangjingzanyu capsule, 3.01 g/kg）, and low, medium and high dose Wuziyanzong treatment groups （2.30, 4.60, 9.20 g/kg crude drug respectively） with 10 in each group. Another 10 rats were used as a control group. The rats in the control and model groups were administered distilled water, while the rats in the remaining groups were administered Wuziyan- zong for 30 d. The epididymides were removed, spermatozoa recovered and the sperm density and viability were measured. The spermatozoa were pu- rified and the contents of Ca2~ in the cytoplasm and mitochondria were detected by flow cytometry and atomic absorption spectrometry, respectively. RESULTS： After 8 weeks of treatment with tripteryg- ium glycosides, the sperm density, sperm activity and the Ca2~ content of spermatozoa in the model rats were all significantly decreased compared with the control group （all P〈O.05）. After 30 d treatment, the sperm density and activity improved and the Ca2＋ content of sperm were increased significantly in the medium and high dose Wuziyanzong treat- ment groups in comparison with the model group （all P〈O.05）. CONCLUSION： The Wuziyanzong treatment in： creased sperm density, improved sperm viability and enhanced the content of Ca2＋ in the sperm cy- toplasm and mitochondria in this rat model of oli- goasthenospermia.
文摘Follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)represents a therapeutic option in normogonadotropic patients with idiopathic oligozoospermia.The aim of this review was to evaluate the possible dose-and drug-dependent efficacy of FSH treatment on conventional sperm parameters.We performed a comprehensive systematic review via a meta-analysis of all available randomized controlled trials,in which FSH administration was compared with placebo or no treatment when administered to normogonadotropic patients with idiopathic oligozoospermia.Of the 971 articles that were retrieved,5 were fin ally included,in eluding a total of 372 patie nts and 294 controls.Overall,FSH treatment was effective in ameliorating the sperm concentration,total count,progressive motility,but not normal forms.On the basis of the weekly dosage,the studies were classified into those using low(175-262.5 IU per week),intermediate(350-525 IU per week),and high(700-1050 IU per week)doses.At low doses,FSH improved only sperm motility.At intermediate doses,FSH ameliorated sperm concentration and morphology.Total sperm count and progressive motility showed a trend toward the increase.At high doses,FSH increased sperm concentration,total sperm count,and progressive motility.Sperm morphology showed a trend toward the increase.Finally,both highly purified FSH(hpFSH)and recombinant human FSH(rhFSH)improved sperm concentration,total sperm count,progressive motility,but not morphology.No different efficacy was observed between these two preparations.This meta-analysis provides evidence in favor of high FSH doses.The FSH efficacy was not related to the preparation type(recombinant vs highly purified).Further studies are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of Iong-standing treatment regimes.
文摘A man having severe oligospermia, due to partial maturation arrest at spermatid stage, was given low dose estrogen-testosterone combination therapy for three months. His sperm count increased enormously, following which his wife conceived and delivered a healthy baby at term.
文摘Aim： To investigate the reversibility of the effect of nandrolone decanoate （ND） on sperm parameters after discontinuing the drug. Methods： Three groups of rats received peanut oil （control）, low and high doses of ND for 14 weeks, respectively. Each group was divided into subgroups A and B, in which rats were killed 14 and 28 weeks after initiating the injection, respectively. Results： Sperm count and motile sperm fraction were decreased in the subgroups A and B that received low and high doses of ND in comparison with the controls A and B, respectively. The sperm count and motile sperm fraction increased in the subgroups B that received low and high doses of ND in comparison with their corresponding subgroups A. The number of normal morphology sperm was decreased significantly in subgroups A receiving low and high doses of ND in comparison with the control subgroup A. However, this parameter was not decreased in subgroups B receiving low and high doses in comparison with the control subgroup B. The normal sperm morphology did not show any significant differences in the subgroups B in comparison with their corresponding subgroups A. Conclusion： The 14-week injection of low and high doses of ND decreases sperm quality and quantity in rats. These parameters were improved after discontinuing ND, but not recovered completely even when they are left untreated for 14 weeks.
文摘Objective To investigate sperm parameters of ejaculates with hyperspermia.Methods One hundred and thirty-three ejaculates with hyperspermia （semen volume 〉6 ml） were divided into three groups： group A, n=66, semen volume 6.0-6.9 ml; group B, n=63, semen volume 〉7.0 ml, group C, n=4, semen volume 〉6.0 ml, no sperm in the ejaculates. Sperm motility, count, and morphology were determined according to the World Health Organization Laboratory Manual （2010）.Results Of the 133 ejaculates studied, the largest volume was 10.8 ml. Most samples with hyperspermia had normal conventional sperm parameters. No differences were found on sperm motility and abnormal morphology rate between groups A and B （P〉 0. 05）. In addition, no differences were also found on incidences of low motility, low sperm count, high abnormal morphology, and white blood cell （WBC） positivity between groups A and B （P〉0. 05）. However, sperm count in group B was significantly lower than that in group A （P〈0.05）. Ejaculates in group C had no WBC positivity. Conclusion Hyperspermia could have multiple forms for sperm parameters including good or poor status. Increasing seminal volume could not influence sperm parameters except for sperm count.
文摘We aimed to compare the sperm quality in different cancer types and benign diseases before gonadotoxic treatment,and assess the usage rate of cryopreserved sperm for assisted reproductive treatment(ART).This retrospective study was conducted at two university clinics between January 2008 and July 2018.A total of 545 patients suffering from cancer or benign diseases were included in the study.The pretreatment sperm analyses were based on the World Health Organization(WHO)guidelines.Patients with testicular malignancy(TM)showed a significantly lower sperm count(median[interquartile range]:18.7×10^(6)[5.3×10^(6)-43.0×10^(6)]ml^(-1);P=0.03)as well as total sperm count(42.4×10^(6)[13.3×10^(6)-108.5×10^(6)]per ejaculate;P=0.007)compared to other malignant and benign diseases.In addition,patients with nonseminomatous TM showed the lowest sperm count(14.3×10^(6)[6.0×10^(6)-29.9×10^(6)]ml^(-1),vs seminomas:16.5 x 106[4.6×10^(6)-20.3×10^(6)]ml^(-1);P=0.001).With reference to the WHO 2010 guidelines,approximately 48.0%of the patients with TM and 23.0%with hematological malignancies(HM)had oligozoospermia.During the observation period,only 29 patients(5.3%)used their frozen sperms for 48 ART cycles,resulting in 15 clinical pregnancies and 10 live births.The sperm quality varies with the type of underlying disease,with TM and HM patients showing the lowest sperm counts.Due to the observed low usage rate of cryopreserved sperm,further patient interviews and sperm analyses should be included in the routine oncologic protocols to avoid unnecessary storage expenses.However,sperm banking is worth the effort as it provides hope for men who cannot reproduce naturally after gonadotoxic treatment.
文摘Objective To investigate the age-long claim by the locales that the food thickener, M. urens seed, has antispermatogenic, hence, antifertility effects in man. Methods Eight-week old male Albino rats were used as the mammalian model for this study. They were assigned to four groups of 6 rats each and treatment with the ethanol extract was for a period of 14 d. The treatment regimes were 70 mg/kg, 140 mg/kg, 210 mg/kg and 0 mg/kg BW in groups A, B, C and D, respectively. Extracts were prepared by Soxhlet extraction using 80% ethanol as the extracting solvent. The stock solution was prepared by dissolving 1 g of the paste extract in 10 ml corn oil （vehicle） to make up 100 mg/ml concentration. At the end of the treatment, sperm from the distal caudal epididymis was collected and analyzed for sperm count, sperm motility and sperm morphology. Results Significant reduction was observed in sperm count and sperm motility （P〈0.05）. The mean sperm count for group A was 6.27±0.02×10^6, for group B was 6.16±0.02×10^6 and group C had 6.0±0.0×10^6 sperm cells The control （group D） had a mean sperm count of 6.50±0.09×10^6 which was higher than that of any treated group. Results of the sperm motility test gave the following mean rates for motile sperm cells after treatment： group A, 57.6±% 2.1; group B, 50.0±4.0; group C, 45.0±4.0. The control had the highest mean motility rate of 72.3±2.1. The observed sperm abnormalities included unusual head with large acrosome, looped tailpiece, mid piece with distal droplet, pin head, pyriform head and long hook.Conclusion The anti-spermatogenic effects of the extract on the sperm in the Albino rat may lead to reduction of fertility.
