In the process of constructing domain-specific knowledge graphs,the task of relational triple extraction plays a critical role in transforming unstructured text into structured information.Existing relational triple e...In the process of constructing domain-specific knowledge graphs,the task of relational triple extraction plays a critical role in transforming unstructured text into structured information.Existing relational triple extraction models facemultiple challenges when processing domain-specific data,including insufficient utilization of semantic interaction information between entities and relations,difficulties in handling challenging samples,and the scarcity of domain-specific datasets.To address these issues,our study introduces three innovative components:Relation semantic enhancement,data augmentation,and a voting strategy,all designed to significantly improve the model’s performance in tackling domain-specific relational triple extraction tasks.We first propose an innovative attention interaction module.This method significantly enhances the semantic interaction capabilities between entities and relations by integrating semantic information fromrelation labels.Second,we propose a voting strategy that effectively combines the strengths of large languagemodels(LLMs)and fine-tuned small pre-trained language models(SLMs)to reevaluate challenging samples,thereby improving the model’s adaptability in specific domains.Additionally,we explore the use of LLMs for data augmentation,aiming to generate domain-specific datasets to alleviate the scarcity of domain data.Experiments conducted on three domain-specific datasets demonstrate that our model outperforms existing comparative models in several aspects,with F1 scores exceeding the State of the Art models by 2%,1.6%,and 0.6%,respectively,validating the effectiveness and generalizability of our approach.展开更多
Some unique subclasses of Camelidae antibodies are devoid of the light chain, and the antigen binding site is comprised exclusively of the variable domain of the heavy chain （VHH）. The recombinant VHHs have a high p...Some unique subclasses of Camelidae antibodies are devoid of the light chain, and the antigen binding site is comprised exclusively of the variable domain of the heavy chain （VHH）. The recombinant VHHs have a high potential as alternative reagents for the next generation of immunoassay. In particular, they might be very useful for molecular mimicry. The present study demonstrated an alpaca immunized with the F（ab＇）z fragment of anti-aflatoxin B1 mAb and developed an important anti-idiotypic （anti-ld） responses. Antigen-specific elution method was used for panning private anti-ld VHHs from the constructed alpaca VHH library. The selected VHHs were expressed, renatured, purified, and then identified by a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. Our findings indicated that the VHH would be an alternative tool for haptens mimicry studies.展开更多
The demand for effective interventions to improve domain-specific academic outcomes for individuals with special needs at either end of the spectrum has existed for some time.Since the earlier contributions to the lit...The demand for effective interventions to improve domain-specific academic outcomes for individuals with special needs at either end of the spectrum has existed for some time.Since the earlier contributions to the literature documenting gifted individuals who were simultaneously exhibiting disabilities,there has been some progress in our understanding.We now know that in individuals with both gifts and disabilities,potentially,either or both of the exceptionalities can obscure the effects of the other,which significantly delays the average time to receive a diagnosis.Such delays in diagnosis detrimentally impact the the form of effective interventions without a diagnosis.The purpose of this paper is t quality of life across various domains because there can be no opportunity to receive help in o determine whether effective interventions exist to improve domain-specific(i.e.,social,emotional,or academic)outcomes for people with both gifts and disabilities.A query was performed using evidence databases TRIP and PDQ for“twice-exceptional,”“Giftedness,”“Disability,”and“intervention.”The four most relevant,freely available studies in English were selected for critique.Despite identifying potential threats to validity among the studies,methodological similarities among them were strong enough to confidently conclude that not only do effective interventions exist for the population of gifted with ADHD,but the outcomes of these interventions may also carry over into other domains resulting in indirect effects.展开更多
To reduce complexity, the combat effectiveness simulation system(CESS) is often decomposed into static structure,physical behavior, and cognitive behavior, and model abstraction is layered onto domain invariant knowle...To reduce complexity, the combat effectiveness simulation system(CESS) is often decomposed into static structure,physical behavior, and cognitive behavior, and model abstraction is layered onto domain invariant knowledge(DIK) and application variant knowledge(AVK) levels. This study concentrates on the specification of CESS’s physical behaviors at the DIK level of abstraction, and proposes a model driven framework for efficiently developing simulation models within model-driven engineering(MDE). Technically, this framework integrates the four-layer metamodeling architecture and a set of model transformation techniques with the objective of reducing model heterogeneity and enhancing model continuity. As a proof of concept, a torpedo example is illustrated to explain how physical models are developed following the proposed framework. Finally, a combat scenario is constructed to demonstrate the availability, and a further verification is shown by a reasonable agreement between simulation results and field observations.展开更多
Combat system effectiveness simulation (CSES) is a special type of complex system simulation. Three non-functional requirements (NFRs), i.e. model composability, domain specific modeling, and model evolvability, are g...Combat system effectiveness simulation (CSES) is a special type of complex system simulation. Three non-functional requirements (NFRs), i.e. model composability, domain specific modeling, and model evolvability, are gaining higher priority from CSES users when evaluating different modeling methodologies for CSES. Traditional CSES modeling methodologies are either domain-neutral (lack of domain characteristics consideration and limited support for model composability) or domain-oriented (lack of openness and evolvability) and fall short of the three NFRs. Inspired by the concept of architecture in systems engineering and software engineering fields, we extend it into a concept of model architecture for complex simulation systems, and propose a model architecture-oriented modeling methodology in which the model architecture plays a central role in achieving the three NFRs. Various model-driven engineering (MDE) approaches and technologies, including simulation modeling platform (SMP), unified modeling language (UML), domain specific modeling (DSM), eclipse modeling framework (EMF), graphical modeling framework (GMF), and so forth, are applied where possible in representing the CSES model architecture and its components' behaviors from physical and cognitive domain aspects. A prototype CSES system, called weapon effectiveness simulation system (WESS), and a non-trivial air-combat simulation example are presented to demonstrate the methodology.展开更多
With the increasing of data size and model size,deep neural networks(DNNs)show outstanding performance in many artificial intelligence(AI)applications.But the big model size makes it a challenge for high-performance a...With the increasing of data size and model size,deep neural networks(DNNs)show outstanding performance in many artificial intelligence(AI)applications.But the big model size makes it a challenge for high-performance and low-power running DNN on processors,such as central processing unit(CPU),graphics processing unit(GPU),and tensor processing unit(TPU).This paper proposes a LOGNN data representation of 8 bits and a hardware and software co-design deep neural network accelerator LACC to meet the challenge.LOGNN data representation replaces multiply operations to add and shift operations in running DNN.LACC accelerator achieves higher efficiency than the state-of-the-art DNN accelerators by domain specific arithmetic computing units.Finally,LACC speeds up the performance per watt by 1.5 times,compared to the state-of-the-art DNN accelerators on average.展开更多
Objective To investigate the globalclognitive function and the function of specific cognitive domains in hypertensive patients at high risk of cardiovascular disease in China,and to explore the impact of cognition fun...Objective To investigate the globalclognitive function and the function of specific cognitive domains in hypertensive patients at high risk of cardiovascular disease in China,and to explore the impact of cognition function on blood pressure control.Methods This is a cross-sectional survey.Data were obtained from the ESPRIT study.Patients with a history of hypertension who participated in the ESPRIT study from September 2019 to July 2020were selected.Mini-mental state examination(MMSE)was used to evaluate patients'overall cognition and the function of each cognitive domain.According to the total MMSE score,patients were divided into the cognitive-intact group(MMSE total score=30 points),cognitive-declined group(MMSE total score<30 points,but did not reach the dementia screening threshold)andcognitive-impaired group(MMSE total score reached the dementia screening threshold).A multivariable logistic regression model was used to explore the effects of cognitive function and MMSE score on blood pressure control.The years of education were removed from the adjustment variables for sensitivity analysis.The interaction effect modeling of stratified variables and exposed variables was used for hierarchical analysis.Results A total of 10834 patients with hypertension at high risk of cardiovascular disease were enrolled,aged 65(60,69)years and 4476(41.3%)patients were female.There were 989 patients in cognitiveintact group,8676 patients in cognitive-declined group and 1169 patients in cognitive-impaired group.The MMSE score of all included patients was(25.6±3.8)points.In the overall study population,10.8%(1169/10834)of hypertensive patients had cognitive impairment,with an MMSE total score of(18.6+4.1)points.The cognitive domains with obvious impairment were recall memory(-80%),visuospatial function(-64%),attention and computation(-60%);80.1%(8676/10834)of hypertensive patients did not meet the criteria for cognitive dysfunction,but had cognitive decline,and the cognitive domains with significant impairment were recall memory(-51%)and visuospatial structure(-23%).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that cognitive dysfunction(OR=0.88,95%CI:0.72-1.08,P=0.212)and cognitive decline(0R=0.96,95%CI:0.83-1.12,P=0.629)were not correlated with blood pressure control.MMSE total score and scores in each cognitive domain were not correlated with blood pressure control(P>0.05).Sensitivity analysis showed that cognitive function was not related to blood pressure control(all P>0.05).Stratified analysis according to different frequency of medication showed that cognitive function and MMSE score were not correlated with blood pressure control(P>0.05).Conclusion One in ten hypertensive patients who were at high risk of cardiovascular disease has comorbid cognitive impairment.In patients with high risk of cardiovascular disease,the most affected cognitive domains were recall memory,visuospatial function,attention and calculation.Some of hypertensive patients have not reached the level of cognitive dysfunction,but have begun to show cognitive decline.Cognitive function is not an independent influencing factor on blood pressure control.展开更多
Objective To explore the mechanism by which QingguangannIFormula(QGAI)inhibits the apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells(RCCs)in glaucoma through the regulation of B-cell lymphoma 2(Bcl-2)/Bcl-2-associated X protein(Bax...Objective To explore the mechanism by which QingguangannIFormula(QGAI)inhibits the apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells(RCCs)in glaucoma through the regulation of B-cell lymphoma 2(Bcl-2)/Bcl-2-associated X protein(Bax)/Cysteine-aspartic protease 3(Caspase-3)by Brain-specific homeobox/POU domain protein 3B(Brn-3b).Methods After one week of acclimatization sixty healthy male SPF SD rats were randomly divided into control group,model group,lowdose,medium-dose,and high-dose QGA II group,and Yimaikang group,10 in each group.Except for the control group,elevated intraocular pressure was induced in the other groups by cauterizing the episcleral veins.The control and model groups were treated with saline,while the Yimaikang(9.67 g·kg^(-1).d^(-1))and QGA II(3.375,6.75,13.5 g·kg^(-1).d^(-1))groups received their respective treatments via gavage for 4 weeks.Intraocular pressure was measured preoperatively and at 30 minutes,1,7,14,and 28 days postoperatively.After euthanizing the rats,retinal tissues were isolated for histological examination and analysis of RGC apoptosis and the expression of Brn-3b,Caspase-3,Bcl-2,and Bax proteins and mRNA.Results Intraocular pressure was significantly elevated in all model groups compared to baseline(P<0.05)and remained high at 4 weeks.Compared to the model group,the QGA II and Yimaikang groups exhibited significantly reduced RGC apoptosis(P<0.01).Among them,the high-dose QGA II group showed the lowest RGC apoptosis rates(P<0.05).Compared to the model group,expressions of Caspase-3 and Bax proteins and mRNA increased in the Yimaikang and high-dose QGA II groups(P<0.01),while expressions of Brn-3b and Bcl-2 proteins and mRNA significantly decreased(P<0.01).Conclusion QGA I inhibits RGC apoptosis by regulating Brn-3b,Bax/Bcl-2/Caspase-3,withefficacyycomparableto Yimaikang.展开更多
基金Science and Technology Innovation 2030-Major Project of“New Generation Artificial Intelligence”granted by Ministry of Science and Technology,Grant Number 2020AAA0109300.
文摘In the process of constructing domain-specific knowledge graphs,the task of relational triple extraction plays a critical role in transforming unstructured text into structured information.Existing relational triple extraction models facemultiple challenges when processing domain-specific data,including insufficient utilization of semantic interaction information between entities and relations,difficulties in handling challenging samples,and the scarcity of domain-specific datasets.To address these issues,our study introduces three innovative components:Relation semantic enhancement,data augmentation,and a voting strategy,all designed to significantly improve the model’s performance in tackling domain-specific relational triple extraction tasks.We first propose an innovative attention interaction module.This method significantly enhances the semantic interaction capabilities between entities and relations by integrating semantic information fromrelation labels.Second,we propose a voting strategy that effectively combines the strengths of large languagemodels(LLMs)and fine-tuned small pre-trained language models(SLMs)to reevaluate challenging samples,thereby improving the model’s adaptability in specific domains.Additionally,we explore the use of LLMs for data augmentation,aiming to generate domain-specific datasets to alleviate the scarcity of domain data.Experiments conducted on three domain-specific datasets demonstrate that our model outperforms existing comparative models in several aspects,with F1 scores exceeding the State of the Art models by 2%,1.6%,and 0.6%,respectively,validating the effectiveness and generalizability of our approach.
基金supported by a grant from the National Basic Research Program of China(2013CB127804)the National Natural Science Funds(31171696,China)the Research Program of the State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology,Nanchang University(SKLF-MB-201002)
文摘Some unique subclasses of Camelidae antibodies are devoid of the light chain, and the antigen binding site is comprised exclusively of the variable domain of the heavy chain （VHH）. The recombinant VHHs have a high potential as alternative reagents for the next generation of immunoassay. In particular, they might be very useful for molecular mimicry. The present study demonstrated an alpaca immunized with the F（ab＇）z fragment of anti-aflatoxin B1 mAb and developed an important anti-idiotypic （anti-ld） responses. Antigen-specific elution method was used for panning private anti-ld VHHs from the constructed alpaca VHH library. The selected VHHs were expressed, renatured, purified, and then identified by a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. Our findings indicated that the VHH would be an alternative tool for haptens mimicry studies.
文摘The demand for effective interventions to improve domain-specific academic outcomes for individuals with special needs at either end of the spectrum has existed for some time.Since the earlier contributions to the literature documenting gifted individuals who were simultaneously exhibiting disabilities,there has been some progress in our understanding.We now know that in individuals with both gifts and disabilities,potentially,either or both of the exceptionalities can obscure the effects of the other,which significantly delays the average time to receive a diagnosis.Such delays in diagnosis detrimentally impact the the form of effective interventions without a diagnosis.The purpose of this paper is t quality of life across various domains because there can be no opportunity to receive help in o determine whether effective interventions exist to improve domain-specific(i.e.,social,emotional,or academic)outcomes for people with both gifts and disabilities.A query was performed using evidence databases TRIP and PDQ for“twice-exceptional,”“Giftedness,”“Disability,”and“intervention.”The four most relevant,freely available studies in English were selected for critique.Despite identifying potential threats to validity among the studies,methodological similarities among them were strong enough to confidently conclude that not only do effective interventions exist for the population of gifted with ADHD,but the outcomes of these interventions may also carry over into other domains resulting in indirect effects.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61273198)
文摘To reduce complexity, the combat effectiveness simulation system(CESS) is often decomposed into static structure,physical behavior, and cognitive behavior, and model abstraction is layered onto domain invariant knowledge(DIK) and application variant knowledge(AVK) levels. This study concentrates on the specification of CESS’s physical behaviors at the DIK level of abstraction, and proposes a model driven framework for efficiently developing simulation models within model-driven engineering(MDE). Technically, this framework integrates the four-layer metamodeling architecture and a set of model transformation techniques with the objective of reducing model heterogeneity and enhancing model continuity. As a proof of concept, a torpedo example is illustrated to explain how physical models are developed following the proposed framework. Finally, a combat scenario is constructed to demonstrate the availability, and a further verification is shown by a reasonable agreement between simulation results and field observations.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61273198)
文摘Combat system effectiveness simulation (CSES) is a special type of complex system simulation. Three non-functional requirements (NFRs), i.e. model composability, domain specific modeling, and model evolvability, are gaining higher priority from CSES users when evaluating different modeling methodologies for CSES. Traditional CSES modeling methodologies are either domain-neutral (lack of domain characteristics consideration and limited support for model composability) or domain-oriented (lack of openness and evolvability) and fall short of the three NFRs. Inspired by the concept of architecture in systems engineering and software engineering fields, we extend it into a concept of model architecture for complex simulation systems, and propose a model architecture-oriented modeling methodology in which the model architecture plays a central role in achieving the three NFRs. Various model-driven engineering (MDE) approaches and technologies, including simulation modeling platform (SMP), unified modeling language (UML), domain specific modeling (DSM), eclipse modeling framework (EMF), graphical modeling framework (GMF), and so forth, are applied where possible in representing the CSES model architecture and its components' behaviors from physical and cognitive domain aspects. A prototype CSES system, called weapon effectiveness simulation system (WESS), and a non-trivial air-combat simulation example are presented to demonstrate the methodology.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018AAA0103300,2017YFA0700900,2017YFA0700902,2017YFA0700901,2019AAA0103802,2020AAA0103802)。
文摘With the increasing of data size and model size,deep neural networks(DNNs)show outstanding performance in many artificial intelligence(AI)applications.But the big model size makes it a challenge for high-performance and low-power running DNN on processors,such as central processing unit(CPU),graphics processing unit(GPU),and tensor processing unit(TPU).This paper proposes a LOGNN data representation of 8 bits and a hardware and software co-design deep neural network accelerator LACC to meet the challenge.LOGNN data representation replaces multiply operations to add and shift operations in running DNN.LACC accelerator achieves higher efficiency than the state-of-the-art DNN accelerators by domain specific arithmetic computing units.Finally,LACC speeds up the performance per watt by 1.5 times,compared to the state-of-the-art DNN accelerators on average.
文摘Objective To investigate the globalclognitive function and the function of specific cognitive domains in hypertensive patients at high risk of cardiovascular disease in China,and to explore the impact of cognition function on blood pressure control.Methods This is a cross-sectional survey.Data were obtained from the ESPRIT study.Patients with a history of hypertension who participated in the ESPRIT study from September 2019 to July 2020were selected.Mini-mental state examination(MMSE)was used to evaluate patients'overall cognition and the function of each cognitive domain.According to the total MMSE score,patients were divided into the cognitive-intact group(MMSE total score=30 points),cognitive-declined group(MMSE total score<30 points,but did not reach the dementia screening threshold)andcognitive-impaired group(MMSE total score reached the dementia screening threshold).A multivariable logistic regression model was used to explore the effects of cognitive function and MMSE score on blood pressure control.The years of education were removed from the adjustment variables for sensitivity analysis.The interaction effect modeling of stratified variables and exposed variables was used for hierarchical analysis.Results A total of 10834 patients with hypertension at high risk of cardiovascular disease were enrolled,aged 65(60,69)years and 4476(41.3%)patients were female.There were 989 patients in cognitiveintact group,8676 patients in cognitive-declined group and 1169 patients in cognitive-impaired group.The MMSE score of all included patients was(25.6±3.8)points.In the overall study population,10.8%(1169/10834)of hypertensive patients had cognitive impairment,with an MMSE total score of(18.6+4.1)points.The cognitive domains with obvious impairment were recall memory(-80%),visuospatial function(-64%),attention and computation(-60%);80.1%(8676/10834)of hypertensive patients did not meet the criteria for cognitive dysfunction,but had cognitive decline,and the cognitive domains with significant impairment were recall memory(-51%)and visuospatial structure(-23%).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that cognitive dysfunction(OR=0.88,95%CI:0.72-1.08,P=0.212)and cognitive decline(0R=0.96,95%CI:0.83-1.12,P=0.629)were not correlated with blood pressure control.MMSE total score and scores in each cognitive domain were not correlated with blood pressure control(P>0.05).Sensitivity analysis showed that cognitive function was not related to blood pressure control(all P>0.05).Stratified analysis according to different frequency of medication showed that cognitive function and MMSE score were not correlated with blood pressure control(P>0.05).Conclusion One in ten hypertensive patients who were at high risk of cardiovascular disease has comorbid cognitive impairment.In patients with high risk of cardiovascular disease,the most affected cognitive domains were recall memory,visuospatial function,attention and calculation.Some of hypertensive patients have not reached the level of cognitive dysfunction,but have begun to show cognitive decline.Cognitive function is not an independent influencing factor on blood pressure control.
文摘Objective To explore the mechanism by which QingguangannIFormula(QGAI)inhibits the apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells(RCCs)in glaucoma through the regulation of B-cell lymphoma 2(Bcl-2)/Bcl-2-associated X protein(Bax)/Cysteine-aspartic protease 3(Caspase-3)by Brain-specific homeobox/POU domain protein 3B(Brn-3b).Methods After one week of acclimatization sixty healthy male SPF SD rats were randomly divided into control group,model group,lowdose,medium-dose,and high-dose QGA II group,and Yimaikang group,10 in each group.Except for the control group,elevated intraocular pressure was induced in the other groups by cauterizing the episcleral veins.The control and model groups were treated with saline,while the Yimaikang(9.67 g·kg^(-1).d^(-1))and QGA II(3.375,6.75,13.5 g·kg^(-1).d^(-1))groups received their respective treatments via gavage for 4 weeks.Intraocular pressure was measured preoperatively and at 30 minutes,1,7,14,and 28 days postoperatively.After euthanizing the rats,retinal tissues were isolated for histological examination and analysis of RGC apoptosis and the expression of Brn-3b,Caspase-3,Bcl-2,and Bax proteins and mRNA.Results Intraocular pressure was significantly elevated in all model groups compared to baseline(P<0.05)and remained high at 4 weeks.Compared to the model group,the QGA II and Yimaikang groups exhibited significantly reduced RGC apoptosis(P<0.01).Among them,the high-dose QGA II group showed the lowest RGC apoptosis rates(P<0.05).Compared to the model group,expressions of Caspase-3 and Bax proteins and mRNA increased in the Yimaikang and high-dose QGA II groups(P<0.01),while expressions of Brn-3b and Bcl-2 proteins and mRNA significantly decreased(P<0.01).Conclusion QGA I inhibits RGC apoptosis by regulating Brn-3b,Bax/Bcl-2/Caspase-3,withefficacyycomparableto Yimaikang.
