Traffic flow prediction constitutes a fundamental component of Intelligent Transportation Systems(ITS),playing a pivotal role in mitigating congestion,enhancing route optimization,and improving the utilization efficie...Traffic flow prediction constitutes a fundamental component of Intelligent Transportation Systems(ITS),playing a pivotal role in mitigating congestion,enhancing route optimization,and improving the utilization efficiency of roadway infrastructure.However,existingmethods struggle in complex traffic scenarios due to static spatio-temporal embedding,restricted multi-scale temporal modeling,and weak representation of local spatial interactions.This study proposes Bi-STAT+,an enhanced bidirectional spatio-temporal attention framework to address existing limitations through three principal contributions:(1)an adaptive spatio-temporal embedding module that dynamically adjusts embeddings to capture complex traffic variations;(2)frequency-domain analysis in the temporal dimension for simultaneous high-frequency details and low-frequency trend extraction;and(3)an agent attention mechanism in the spatial dimension that enhances local feature extraction through dynamic weight allocation.Extensive experiments were performed on four distinct datasets,including two publicly benchmark datasets(PEMS04 and PEMS08)and two private datasets collected from Baotou and Chengdu,China.The results demonstrate that Bi-STAT+consistently outperforms existing methods in terms of MAE,RMSE,and MAPE,while maintaining strong robustness against missing data and noise.Furthermore,the results highlight that prediction accuracy improves significantly with higher sampling rates,providing crucial insights for optimizing real-world deployment scenarios.展开更多
The pseudo-two-dimensional(P2D)model plays an important role in exploring physicochemical mechanisms,predicting the state of health,and improving the fast charge capability for Li-ion batteries(LIBs).However,the fast ...The pseudo-two-dimensional(P2D)model plays an important role in exploring physicochemical mechanisms,predicting the state of health,and improving the fast charge capability for Li-ion batteries(LIBs).However,the fast charge leads to the lithium concentration gradient in the solid and electrolyte phases and the non-uniform electrochemical reaction at the solid/electrolyte interface.In order to decouple charge transfer reactions in LIBs under dynamic conditions,understanding the spatio-temporal resolution of the P2D model is urgently required.Till now,the study of this aspect is still insufficient.This work studies the spatio-temporal resolution for dynamic/static electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(DEIS/SEIS)on multiple scales.In detail,DEIS and SEIS with spatio-temporal resolutions are used to decouple charge transfer reactions in LIBs based on the numerical solution of the P2D model in the frequency domain.The calculated results indicate that decoupling solid diffusion requires a high spatial resolution along the r-direction in particles,decoupling electrolyte diffusion and interfacial transfer reaction requires a high spatial resolution along the x-direction,and decoupling charge transfer reactions in LIBs at an extremely low state of charge(SOC)requires an extremely high temporal resolution along the t-direction.Finally,the optimal range of spatio-temporal resolutions for DEIS/SEIS is derived,and the method to decouple charge transfer reactions with spatio-temporal resolutions is developed.展开更多
Panax notoginseng(P.notoginseng),a valuable traditional Chinese medicine,is the dried root of plants in Acanthopanax gracilistylus family,with the effect of dispersing blood stasis,eliminating swelling and relieving p...Panax notoginseng(P.notoginseng),a valuable traditional Chinese medicine,is the dried root of plants in Acanthopanax gracilistylus family,with the effect of dispersing blood stasis,eliminating swelling and relieving pain.With the development of modern medicine,the active ingredients and mechanisms of P.notoginseng have been gradually revealed.The present paper systematically reviews the chemical composition and biological activities of P.nologinseng,to provide a scientific basis and reference for detailed research on P.nologinseng.展开更多
This study proposes a novel forecasting framework that simultaneously captures the strong periodicity and irregular meteorological fluctuations inherent in solar radiation time series.Existing approaches typically def...This study proposes a novel forecasting framework that simultaneously captures the strong periodicity and irregular meteorological fluctuations inherent in solar radiation time series.Existing approaches typically define inter-regional correlations using either simple correlation coefficients or distance-based measures when applying spatio-temporal graph neural networks(STGNNs).However,such definitions are prone to generating spurious correlations due to the dominance of periodic structures.To address this limitation,we adopt the Elastic-Band Transform(EBT)to decompose solar radiation into periodic and amplitude-modulated components,which are then modeled independently with separate graph neural networks.The periodic component,characterized by strong nationwide correlations,is learned with a relatively simple architecture,whereas the amplitude-modulated component is modeled with more complex STGNNs that capture climatological similarities between regions.The predictions from the two components are subsequently recombined to yield final forecasts that integrate both periodic patterns and aperiodic variability.The proposed framework is validated with multiple STGNN architectures,and experimental results demonstrate improved predictive accuracy and interpretability compared to conventional methods.展开更多
A debris flow descending through an erodible convex colluvial bed,originating from a landslide dam and its upstream deposits,can entrain massive amounts of sediment,dramatically increasing the debris flow volume.Most ...A debris flow descending through an erodible convex colluvial bed,originating from a landslide dam and its upstream deposits,can entrain massive amounts of sediment,dramatically increasing the debris flow volume.Most existing erosion models assume that bed sediments are fully saturated,although this condition is rarely observed in nature.Therefore,a thorough understanding of debris flow overtopping erosion on a convex unsaturated bed is crucial for quantifying disaster risk.In this study,we experimentally investigated the effects of sediment composition,specifically coarse-grain size distribution and fine particle content,on the pore pressure evolution and entrainment of debris flows overriding a convex unsaturated colluvial bed.The average entrainment rate at convex sites for continuously graded bed sediment was higher than its discontinuous counterpart.The measured pore pressures within the unsaturated bed sediments were primarily generated by the passing debris flows.Furthermore,it was found that these pressures decreased as the fine particle content increased and the coarse-grain size of the erodible substrates decreased.When the coarse-grain size of the debris flow was smaller than that of the bed sediment,only a portion of the eroded material was entrained by the moving debris flow.In contrast,when the coarse-grain size of the debris flow was equal to or greater than that of the bed sediment,nearly all of the eroded material was entrained.The findings of this study could contribute to the assessment of hazard amplification and inform the design of mitigation and prevention strategies.展开更多
Litter decomposition is an essential ecosystem process influenced by multiple factors,including substrate quality,climate,edaphic environment,and decomposer communities.However,the role of canopy species identity and ...Litter decomposition is an essential ecosystem process influenced by multiple factors,including substrate quality,climate,edaphic environment,and decomposer communities.However,the role of canopy species identity and diversity on leaf litter decomposition in forests remains understudied.By controlling for macroclimate,soil properties,and litter substrate in a mature common garden,we investigated whether a three-month tea bag incubation of standardized green and rooibos tea substrate is driven by canopy tree species characteristics and diversity.Our study hypothesized two primary pathways:a chemical engineering effect,where trees alter soil properties and decomposer communities through litter input,and a physical engineering effect,where tree canopy structure modulates the local microclimate.The results showed that even under uniform macroclimatic and initial soil conditions,mass loss rates varied widely for green tea(27.4%–73.2%)and rooibos tea(6.1%–34.7%),comparable as found in other research between distinct biomes.While substrate quality was the dominant factor,both engineering pathways and,to a minor extent,tree diversity modulated mass losses.For green tea,tree chemical and physical characteristics seemed equally important,while the physical environment showed an increased importance for rooibos.Incubation depth played a key role,where forest floor decomposition rates are more susceptible to temporal climate variations,and soil-layer decomposition rates are less susceptible to climate variations and more determined by tree species identity.Our findings suggest that tea bag experiments focusing solely on topsoil burial may underestimate processes in the forest floor and the mineralorganic boundary layer.This study underscores the critical role of litter substrate quality in decomposition while demonstrating that tree community composition and the associated herbaceous layer,through both chemical and physical engineering pathways,strongly modulate decomposition rates.展开更多
Objective:Hypertension is a serious public health concern that is influenced by a variety of body composition parameters.This study examines the associations between body composition metrics and blood pressure(BP)in a...Objective:Hypertension is a serious public health concern that is influenced by a variety of body composition parameters.This study examines the associations between body composition metrics and blood pressure(BP)in a rural population,specifically how variations in body fat distribution and other metrics affect systolic blood pressure(SBP)and diastolic blood pressure(DBP).Methods:A cross-sectional study of 226 participants examined the relationships between body composition metrics—such as total body fat,visceral fat,and body mass index(BMI)—and BP.Correlation and regression analyses were used to assess these relationships.Results:The study found substantial positive correlations between visceral fat and total body fat with both SBP and DBP.Visceral fat was strongly connected with both SBP(r=0.145,P=0.030)and DBP(r=0.331,P<0.01),while total body fat was significantly correlated with DBP(r=0.268,P<0.01)but not SBP.Body composition variables explained 12.8% of the variance in SBP(R^(2)=0.128,P=0.001)and 15.0% in DBP(R^(2)=0.150,P<0.001).Conclusions:The study found substantial connections between body composition,particularly visceral and subcutaneous fat and systolic and DBP.Higher levels of visceral fat were linked to elevate BP.Body composition accounted for a significant amount of BP fluctuation.展开更多
This study proposes a multi-scale simplified residual convolutional neural network(MS-SRCNN)for the precise prediction of Mg-Nd binary alloy compositions from scanning electron microscope(SEM)images.A multi-scale data...This study proposes a multi-scale simplified residual convolutional neural network(MS-SRCNN)for the precise prediction of Mg-Nd binary alloy compositions from scanning electron microscope(SEM)images.A multi-scale data structure is established by spatially aligning and stacking SEM images at different magnifications.The MS-SRCNN significantly reduces computational runtime by over 90%compared to traditional architectures like ResNet50,VGG16,and VGG19,without compromising prediction accuracy.The model demonstrates more excellent predictive performance,achieving a>5%increase in R^(2) compared to single-scale models.Furthermore,the MS-SRCNN exhibits robust composition prediction capability across other Mg-based binary alloys,including Mg-La,Mg-Sn,Mg-Ce,Mg-Sm,Mg-Ag,and Mg-Y,thereby emphasizing its generalization and extrapolation potential.This research establishes a non-destructive,microstructure-informed composition analysis framework,reduces characterization time compared to traditional experiment methods and provides insights into the composition-microstructure relationship in diverse material systems.展开更多
Understory plants are an integral part of forests,serving a variety of functions that help maintain healthy ecosystems.The structure and composition of the understory are influenced by numerous biotic and abiotic fact...Understory plants are an integral part of forests,serving a variety of functions that help maintain healthy ecosystems.The structure and composition of the understory are influenced by numerous biotic and abiotic factors,with light being critical.The introduction of the pathogen Cronartium ribicola,which causes white pine blister rust,into North America in the early 20 th century led to the near total loss of western white pine(Pinus monticola)from moist forests of the Northern Rockies.Management is reintroducing blister rust-resistant western white pine across the landscape,but the effects on the understory are unknown.We examined the effects of stand structure and proportion of western white pine in the overstory on understory diversity of vascular plants in closed canopy stands dominated by blister rust-resistant western white pine across northern Idaho.Habitat series explained the greatest amount of variation(34%)in species presence-absence,while canopy cover accounted for 25%,basal area of all trees for 18%,and the proportion of western white pine composition by 14%.Our analysis revealed positive relationships between the proportion of western white pine in the overstory and both the presence of understory plants and the cover of several understory species.For both the presence and cover,separate sets of thirteen species were found to have a positive relationship with the proportion of western white pine in the overstory,with eight species in common.This research fills a knowledge gap by using data from a range of stands across northern Idaho with varying abundance of western white pine in the overstory to evaluate the relationship between the understory and overstory composition.As land managers plant more western white pine trees,we are likely to see the concomitant increase in understory plant diversity across the landscape,in addition to numerous other benefits,including disturbance resistance and resilience.展开更多
We propose the new experimental method for investigating and approximating the organization and structure of movements with given accuracy. The composition of approximating trajectories illuminating the movement trait...We propose the new experimental method for investigating and approximating the organization and structure of movements with given accuracy. The composition of approximating trajectories illuminating the movement traits discloses the level of movement expertise in dancers and golf players. The method allows estimating the level of movement expertise, drawing the detailed structure of movements, and classifying movements into a given repertoire automatically.展开更多
Fatty acids are the main constituents of vegetable oils.To determine the fatty acid compositions of small trade vegetable oils and some less well studied beneficial vegetable oils,and investigate their relationships w...Fatty acids are the main constituents of vegetable oils.To determine the fatty acid compositions of small trade vegetable oils and some less well studied beneficial vegetable oils,and investigate their relationships with antioxidant activity and oxidative stability,gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was performed to characterize the associated fatty acid profiles.The antioxidant activity of vegetable oils,based on their DPPH-scavenging capacity(expressed as IC_(50) values),was used to assess their impact on human health,and their oxidative stability was characterized by performing lipid oxidation analysis to determine the oxidative induction time of fats and oils.In addition,correlation analyses were performed to examine associations between the fatty acid composition of the oils and DPPH-scavenging capacity and oxidative stability.The results revealed that among the assessed oils,coffee seed oil has the highest saturated fatty acid content(355.10 mg/g),whereas Garddenia jaminoides oil has the highest unsaturated fatty acid content(844.84 mg/g).Coffee seed oil was also found have the lowest DPPH IC_(50) value(2.30 mg/mL)and the longest oxidation induction time(17.09 h).Correlation analysis revealed a significant linear relationship(P<0.05)between oxidative stability and unsaturated fatty acid content,with lower contents tending to be associated with better oxidative stability.The findings of this study provide reference data for the screening of functional edible vegetable oils.展开更多
Brazing filler metals are widely applied,which serve as an industrial adhesive in the joining of dissimilar structures.With the continuous emergence of new structures and materials,the demand for novel brazing filler ...Brazing filler metals are widely applied,which serve as an industrial adhesive in the joining of dissimilar structures.With the continuous emergence of new structures and materials,the demand for novel brazing filler metals is ever-increasing.It is of great significance to investigate the optimized composition design methods and to establish systematic design guidelines for brazing filler metals.This study elucidated the fundamental rules for the composition design of brazing filler metals from a three-dimensional perspective encompassing the basic properties of applied brazing filler metals,formability and processability,and overall cost.The basic properties of brazing filler metals refer to their mechanical properties,physicochemical properties,electromagnetic properties,corrosion resistance,and the wettability and fluidity during brazing.The formability and processability of brazing filler metals include the processes of smelting and casting,extrusion,rolling,drawing and ring-making,as well as the processes of granulation,powder production,and the molding of amorphous and microcrystalline structures.The cost of brazing filler metals corresponds to the sum of materials value and manufacturing cost.Improving the comprehensive properties of brazing filler metals requires a comprehensive and systematic consideration of design indicators.Highlighting the unique characteristics of brazing filler metals should focus on relevant technical indicators.Binary or ternary eutectic structures can effectively enhance the flow spreading ability of brazing filler metals,and solid solution structures contribute to the formability.By employing the proposed design guidelines,typical Ag based,Cu based,Zn based brazing filler metals,and Sn based solders were designed and successfully applied in major scientific and engineering projects.展开更多
Due to water conflicts and allocation in the Lancang-Mekong River Basin(LMRB),the spatio-temporal differentiation of total water resources and the natural-human influence need to be clarified.This work investigated LM...Due to water conflicts and allocation in the Lancang-Mekong River Basin(LMRB),the spatio-temporal differentiation of total water resources and the natural-human influence need to be clarified.This work investigated LMRB's terrestrial water storage anomaly(TWSA)and its spatio-temporal dynamics during 2002–2020.Considering the effects of natural factors and human activities,the respective contributions of climate variability and human activities to terrestrial water storage change(TWSC)were separated.Results showed that:(1)LMRB's TWSA decreased by 0.3158 cm/a.(2)TWSA showed a gradual increase in distribution from southwest of MRB to middle LMRB and from northeast of LRB to middle LMRB.TWSA positively changed in Myanmar while slightly changed in Laos and China.It negatively changed in Vietnam,Thailand and Cambodia.(3)TWSA components decreased in a descending order of soil moisture,groundwater and precipitation.(4)Natural factors had a substantial and spatial differentiated influence on TWSA over the LMRB.(5)Climate variability contributed 79%of TWSC in the LMRB while human activities contributed 21%with an increasing impact after 2008.The TWSC of upstream basin countries was found to be controlled by climate variability while Vietnam and Cambodia's TWSC has been controlled by human activities since 2012.展开更多
An energetic binder based on hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene(HTPB),doped with different ratios of nitrocellulose(NC)(10%,20%,30%,and 50%),was developed to study the effect of NC doping on the thermal decomposition b...An energetic binder based on hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene(HTPB),doped with different ratios of nitrocellulose(NC)(10%,20%,30%,and 50%),was developed to study the effect of NC doping on the thermal decomposition behavior of a composite propellant(CP)comprising ammonium nitrate(AN)as an oxidizer and magnesium(Mg)as a fuel.Optimization of the propellant formulation was conducted using Chemical Equilibrium with Applications-National Aeronautics and Space Administration(CEA-NASA)software,which demonstrated an increase in specific impulse by 12.09 s when the binder contained 50%NC.Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)analysis confirmed the excellent compatibility between the components,and density measurements revealed an increase of 6.4%with a higher NC content.Morphological analysis using optical microscopy showed that NC doping improved the uniformity and compactness of the surface,reduced cavities,and achieved a more homogeneous particle distribution.Differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)analysis indicated a decrease in the decomposition temperature of the propellant as the NC content increased,while kinetic studies revealed a 48.68%reduction in the activation energy when 50%NC was incorporated into the binder.These findings suggest that the addition of NC enhances combustion efficiency and improves overall propellant performance.This study highlights the potential of the new HTPB-NC energetic binder as a promising approach for advancing solid propellant technology.展开更多
With the increasing complexity of the current electromagnetic environment,excessive microwave radi-ation not only does harm to human health but also forms various electromagnetic interference to so-phisticated electro...With the increasing complexity of the current electromagnetic environment,excessive microwave radi-ation not only does harm to human health but also forms various electromagnetic interference to so-phisticated electronic instruments.Therefore,the design and preparation of electromagnetic absorbing composites represent an efficient approach to mitigate the current hazards of electromagnetic radiation.However,traditional electromagnetic absorbers are difficult to satisfy the demands of actual utilization in the face of new challenges,and emerging absorbents have garnered increasing attention due to their structure and performance-based advantages.In this review,several emerging composites of Mxene-based,biochar-based,chiral,and heat-resisting are discussed in detail,including their synthetic strategy,structural superiority and regulation method,and final optimization of electromagnetic absorption ca-pacity.These insights provide a comprehensive reference for the future development of new-generation electromagnetic-wave absorption composites.Moreover,the potential development directions of these emerging absorbers have been proposed as well.展开更多
Angelica sinensis(A.sinensis),as a kind of Chinese medicine,has the effects of tonifying blood,promoting blood circulation,regulating menstrual flow,relieving pain,moistening bowel and so on.By consulting Sciencedirec...Angelica sinensis(A.sinensis),as a kind of Chinese medicine,has the effects of tonifying blood,promoting blood circulation,regulating menstrual flow,relieving pain,moistening bowel and so on.By consulting Sciencedirect database and Web of Science database,163 related articles were found,of which 36 were related to chemical composition and pharmacological activities of A.sinensis.In this paper,the chemical structures and different derivatives were systematically summarized by reviewing relevant literatures,and the pharmacological effects were also summarized.展开更多
Objective This study aimed to study the effects of different crystalline states of Sheng Shigao(raw gypsum,RG)and its inorganic elements on the antipyretic efficacy of Baihu Decoction(BHT).Methods RG samples calcined ...Objective This study aimed to study the effects of different crystalline states of Sheng Shigao(raw gypsum,RG)and its inorganic elements on the antipyretic efficacy of Baihu Decoction(BHT).Methods RG samples calcined at different temperatures were prepared.The phase composition of RG and Duan Shigao(calcination of gypsum,CG)as well as the changes in phase composition before and after adding water to RG calcined at specific temperatures,were determined using X-ray diffraction(XRD).A fever model was established by subcutaneously injecting 20%yeast suspension(10 mL·kg~(-1))into the backs of rats.The effects of BHT containing RG in different crystalline states on rat body temperature were measured.Serum levels of IL-1β,IL-6,and hypothalamic prostaglandin E2(PGE_2)were detected using ELISA.Serum Ca~(2+)levels were measured using a microplate method.The content of trace elements in RG and CG and the corresponding freeze-dried BHT powder was determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS).The complexation of representative inorganic elements with mangiferin,a major active component in BHT,was investigated using UV-Vis spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy.A validation model was established using RAW264.7 mouse macrophages.Drug-containing serum of BHT with different inorganic elements was prepared,and the nitric oxide(NO)levels in the cell supernatant of different treatment groups were measured using the Griess method.The mRNA levels of IL-6,TNF-α,and PGE2in each group were detected using qPCR(real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR).Results After calcination,the phase composition of RG changed,and the content of inorganic elements in RG,CG170(RG calcined at 170°C),and CG350(RG calcined at 350°C)showed similar trends.Compared with RG,the content of Ca,Sr,Al,and Na in CG changed significantly.Compared with BHT,the content of Ca,Sr,Si,and Na in CG changed significantly when incorporated into the formula.Intermolecular interactions confirmed strong binding between mangiferin and Cu~(2+)and Al~(3+).Cu~(2+)and Fe~(3+)exhibited fluorescence quenching effects on mangiferin solution,while Al~(3+)and Zn~(2+)showed strong fluorescence enhancement,with fluorescence intensity increasing by 120-fold and 30-fold,respectively.In vitro evaluation of synergistic anti-inflammatory effects confirmed that Ca,Fe,Cr,Al,and Si exhibited synergistic anti-inflammatory effects.Conclusion The crystalline state of RG has little effect on its antipyretic properties,while Ca,Sr,Na,Fe,and Al are likely the key material bases influencing its efficacy.展开更多
The ability to accurately predict urban traffic flows is crucial for optimising city operations.Consequently,various methods for forecasting urban traffic have been developed,focusing on analysing historical data to u...The ability to accurately predict urban traffic flows is crucial for optimising city operations.Consequently,various methods for forecasting urban traffic have been developed,focusing on analysing historical data to understand complex mobility patterns.Deep learning techniques,such as graph neural networks(GNNs),are popular for their ability to capture spatio-temporal dependencies.However,these models often become overly complex due to the large number of hyper-parameters involved.In this study,we introduce Dynamic Multi-Graph Spatial-Temporal Graph Neural Ordinary Differential Equation Networks(DMST-GNODE),a framework based on ordinary differential equations(ODEs)that autonomously discovers effective spatial-temporal graph neural network(STGNN)architectures for traffic prediction tasks.The comparative analysis of DMST-GNODE and baseline models indicates that DMST-GNODE model demonstrates superior performance across multiple datasets,consistently achieving the lowest Root Mean Square Error(RMSE)and Mean Absolute Error(MAE)values,alongside the highest accuracy.On the BKK(Bangkok)dataset,it outperformed other models with an RMSE of 3.3165 and an accuracy of 0.9367 for a 20-min interval,maintaining this trend across 40 and 60 min.Similarly,on the PeMS08 dataset,DMST-GNODE achieved the best performance with an RMSE of 19.4863 and an accuracy of 0.9377 at 20 min,demonstrating its effectiveness over longer periods.The Los_Loop dataset results further emphasise this model’s advantage,with an RMSE of 3.3422 and an accuracy of 0.7643 at 20 min,consistently maintaining superiority across all time intervals.These numerical highlights indicate that DMST-GNODE not only outperforms baseline models but also achieves higher accuracy and lower errors across different time intervals and datasets.展开更多
Soil microbial communities are key factors in maintaining ecosystem multifunctionality(EMF).However,the distribution patterns of bacterial diversity and how the different bacterial taxa and their diversity dimensions ...Soil microbial communities are key factors in maintaining ecosystem multifunctionality(EMF).However,the distribution patterns of bacterial diversity and how the different bacterial taxa and their diversity dimensions affect EMF remain largely unknown.Here,we investigated variation in three measures of diversity(alpha diversity,community composition and network complexity)among rare,intermediate,and abundant taxa across a latitudinal gradient spanning five forest plots in Yunnan Province,China and examined their contributions on EMF.We aimed to characterize the diversity distributions of bacterial groups across latitudes and to assess the differences in the mechanisms underlying their contributions to EMF.We found that multifaceted diversity(i.e.,diversity assessed by the three different metrics)of rare,intermediate,and abundant bacteria generally decreased with increasing latitude.More importantly,we found that rare bacterial taxa tended to be more diverse,but they contributed less to EMF than intermediate or abundant bacteria.Among the three dimensions of diversity we assessed,only community composition significantly affected EMF across all locations,while alpha diversity had a negative effect,and network complexity showed no significant impact.Our study further emphasizes the importance of intermediate and abundant bacterial taxa as well as community composition to EMF and provides a theoretical basis for investigating the mechanisms by which belowground microorganisms drive EMF along a latitudinal gradient.展开更多
Scientific knowledge on the chemical compositions of fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5)) is essential for properly assessing its health and climate effects,and for decisionmakers to develop efficient mitigation strategi...Scientific knowledge on the chemical compositions of fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5)) is essential for properly assessing its health and climate effects,and for decisionmakers to develop efficient mitigation strategies.A high-resolution PM_(2.5) chemical composition dataset(CAQRA-aerosol)is developed in this study,which provides hourly maps of organic carbon,black carbon,ammonium,nitrate,and sulfate in China from 2013 to 2020 with a horizontal resolution of 15 km.This paper describes the method,access,and validation results of this dataset.It shows that CAQRA-aerosol has good consistency with observations and achieves higher or comparable accuracy with previous PM_(2.5) composition datasets.Based on CAQRA-aerosol,spatiotemporal changes of different PM_(2.5) compositions were investigated from a national viewpoint,which emphasizes different changes of nitrate from other compositions.The estimated annual rate of population-weighted concentrations of nitrate is 0.23μg m^(−3)yr^(−1) from 2015 to 2020,compared with−0.19 to−1.1μg m^(−3)yr^(−1) for other compositions.The whole dataset is freely available from the China Air Pollution Data Center(https://doi.org/10.12423/capdb_PKU.2023.DA).展开更多
基金partly supported by the Youth Foundation of the Inner Mongolia Natural Science Foundation[grant number 2024QN06017 and 2025MS06022]the Basic Scientific Research Business Fee Project for Universities in Inner Mongolia[grant numbers 2023XKJX019 and 2023XKJX024]the Central Guidance on Local Science and Technology Development Fund through[grant number 2024ZY0084].
文摘Traffic flow prediction constitutes a fundamental component of Intelligent Transportation Systems(ITS),playing a pivotal role in mitigating congestion,enhancing route optimization,and improving the utilization efficiency of roadway infrastructure.However,existingmethods struggle in complex traffic scenarios due to static spatio-temporal embedding,restricted multi-scale temporal modeling,and weak representation of local spatial interactions.This study proposes Bi-STAT+,an enhanced bidirectional spatio-temporal attention framework to address existing limitations through three principal contributions:(1)an adaptive spatio-temporal embedding module that dynamically adjusts embeddings to capture complex traffic variations;(2)frequency-domain analysis in the temporal dimension for simultaneous high-frequency details and low-frequency trend extraction;and(3)an agent attention mechanism in the spatial dimension that enhances local feature extraction through dynamic weight allocation.Extensive experiments were performed on four distinct datasets,including two publicly benchmark datasets(PEMS04 and PEMS08)and two private datasets collected from Baotou and Chengdu,China.The results demonstrate that Bi-STAT+consistently outperforms existing methods in terms of MAE,RMSE,and MAPE,while maintaining strong robustness against missing data and noise.Furthermore,the results highlight that prediction accuracy improves significantly with higher sampling rates,providing crucial insights for optimizing real-world deployment scenarios.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22479092 and 22078190)。
文摘The pseudo-two-dimensional(P2D)model plays an important role in exploring physicochemical mechanisms,predicting the state of health,and improving the fast charge capability for Li-ion batteries(LIBs).However,the fast charge leads to the lithium concentration gradient in the solid and electrolyte phases and the non-uniform electrochemical reaction at the solid/electrolyte interface.In order to decouple charge transfer reactions in LIBs under dynamic conditions,understanding the spatio-temporal resolution of the P2D model is urgently required.Till now,the study of this aspect is still insufficient.This work studies the spatio-temporal resolution for dynamic/static electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(DEIS/SEIS)on multiple scales.In detail,DEIS and SEIS with spatio-temporal resolutions are used to decouple charge transfer reactions in LIBs based on the numerical solution of the P2D model in the frequency domain.The calculated results indicate that decoupling solid diffusion requires a high spatial resolution along the r-direction in particles,decoupling electrolyte diffusion and interfacial transfer reaction requires a high spatial resolution along the x-direction,and decoupling charge transfer reactions in LIBs at an extremely low state of charge(SOC)requires an extremely high temporal resolution along the t-direction.Finally,the optimal range of spatio-temporal resolutions for DEIS/SEIS is derived,and the method to decouple charge transfer reactions with spatio-temporal resolutions is developed.
文摘Panax notoginseng(P.notoginseng),a valuable traditional Chinese medicine,is the dried root of plants in Acanthopanax gracilistylus family,with the effect of dispersing blood stasis,eliminating swelling and relieving pain.With the development of modern medicine,the active ingredients and mechanisms of P.notoginseng have been gradually revealed.The present paper systematically reviews the chemical composition and biological activities of P.nologinseng,to provide a scientific basis and reference for detailed research on P.nologinseng.
基金supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Education(RS-2023-00249743).
文摘This study proposes a novel forecasting framework that simultaneously captures the strong periodicity and irregular meteorological fluctuations inherent in solar radiation time series.Existing approaches typically define inter-regional correlations using either simple correlation coefficients or distance-based measures when applying spatio-temporal graph neural networks(STGNNs).However,such definitions are prone to generating spurious correlations due to the dominance of periodic structures.To address this limitation,we adopt the Elastic-Band Transform(EBT)to decompose solar radiation into periodic and amplitude-modulated components,which are then modeled independently with separate graph neural networks.The periodic component,characterized by strong nationwide correlations,is learned with a relatively simple architecture,whereas the amplitude-modulated component is modeled with more complex STGNNs that capture climatological similarities between regions.The predictions from the two components are subsequently recombined to yield final forecasts that integrate both periodic patterns and aperiodic variability.The proposed framework is validated with multiple STGNN architectures,and experimental results demonstrate improved predictive accuracy and interpretability compared to conventional methods.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2018YFC1505205)the Science and Technology Research Program of the Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.IMHE-ZDRW-01)Sichuan Science and Technology Program(Grant No.2024NSFSC0781).
文摘A debris flow descending through an erodible convex colluvial bed,originating from a landslide dam and its upstream deposits,can entrain massive amounts of sediment,dramatically increasing the debris flow volume.Most existing erosion models assume that bed sediments are fully saturated,although this condition is rarely observed in nature.Therefore,a thorough understanding of debris flow overtopping erosion on a convex unsaturated bed is crucial for quantifying disaster risk.In this study,we experimentally investigated the effects of sediment composition,specifically coarse-grain size distribution and fine particle content,on the pore pressure evolution and entrainment of debris flows overriding a convex unsaturated colluvial bed.The average entrainment rate at convex sites for continuously graded bed sediment was higher than its discontinuous counterpart.The measured pore pressures within the unsaturated bed sediments were primarily generated by the passing debris flows.Furthermore,it was found that these pressures decreased as the fine particle content increased and the coarse-grain size of the erodible substrates decreased.When the coarse-grain size of the debris flow was smaller than that of the bed sediment,only a portion of the eroded material was entrained by the moving debris flow.In contrast,when the coarse-grain size of the debris flow was equal to or greater than that of the bed sediment,nearly all of the eroded material was entrained.The findings of this study could contribute to the assessment of hazard amplification and inform the design of mitigation and prevention strategies.
基金funded by the Global PhD Scholarship between KU Leuven and UCLouvain。
文摘Litter decomposition is an essential ecosystem process influenced by multiple factors,including substrate quality,climate,edaphic environment,and decomposer communities.However,the role of canopy species identity and diversity on leaf litter decomposition in forests remains understudied.By controlling for macroclimate,soil properties,and litter substrate in a mature common garden,we investigated whether a three-month tea bag incubation of standardized green and rooibos tea substrate is driven by canopy tree species characteristics and diversity.Our study hypothesized two primary pathways:a chemical engineering effect,where trees alter soil properties and decomposer communities through litter input,and a physical engineering effect,where tree canopy structure modulates the local microclimate.The results showed that even under uniform macroclimatic and initial soil conditions,mass loss rates varied widely for green tea(27.4%–73.2%)and rooibos tea(6.1%–34.7%),comparable as found in other research between distinct biomes.While substrate quality was the dominant factor,both engineering pathways and,to a minor extent,tree diversity modulated mass losses.For green tea,tree chemical and physical characteristics seemed equally important,while the physical environment showed an increased importance for rooibos.Incubation depth played a key role,where forest floor decomposition rates are more susceptible to temporal climate variations,and soil-layer decomposition rates are less susceptible to climate variations and more determined by tree species identity.Our findings suggest that tea bag experiments focusing solely on topsoil burial may underestimate processes in the forest floor and the mineralorganic boundary layer.This study underscores the critical role of litter substrate quality in decomposition while demonstrating that tree community composition and the associated herbaceous layer,through both chemical and physical engineering pathways,strongly modulate decomposition rates.
基金supported by Universitas Advent Indonesia(No.067/EKS-SU/V/24 and 389/KEPK-FIK.UNAI/EC/V/24)。
文摘Objective:Hypertension is a serious public health concern that is influenced by a variety of body composition parameters.This study examines the associations between body composition metrics and blood pressure(BP)in a rural population,specifically how variations in body fat distribution and other metrics affect systolic blood pressure(SBP)and diastolic blood pressure(DBP).Methods:A cross-sectional study of 226 participants examined the relationships between body composition metrics—such as total body fat,visceral fat,and body mass index(BMI)—and BP.Correlation and regression analyses were used to assess these relationships.Results:The study found substantial positive correlations between visceral fat and total body fat with both SBP and DBP.Visceral fat was strongly connected with both SBP(r=0.145,P=0.030)and DBP(r=0.331,P<0.01),while total body fat was significantly correlated with DBP(r=0.268,P<0.01)but not SBP.Body composition variables explained 12.8% of the variance in SBP(R^(2)=0.128,P=0.001)and 15.0% in DBP(R^(2)=0.150,P<0.001).Conclusions:The study found substantial connections between body composition,particularly visceral and subcutaneous fat and systolic and DBP.Higher levels of visceral fat were linked to elevate BP.Body composition accounted for a significant amount of BP fluctuation.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52204407)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20220595)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022M723689).
文摘This study proposes a multi-scale simplified residual convolutional neural network(MS-SRCNN)for the precise prediction of Mg-Nd binary alloy compositions from scanning electron microscope(SEM)images.A multi-scale data structure is established by spatially aligning and stacking SEM images at different magnifications.The MS-SRCNN significantly reduces computational runtime by over 90%compared to traditional architectures like ResNet50,VGG16,and VGG19,without compromising prediction accuracy.The model demonstrates more excellent predictive performance,achieving a>5%increase in R^(2) compared to single-scale models.Furthermore,the MS-SRCNN exhibits robust composition prediction capability across other Mg-based binary alloys,including Mg-La,Mg-Sn,Mg-Ce,Mg-Sm,Mg-Ag,and Mg-Y,thereby emphasizing its generalization and extrapolation potential.This research establishes a non-destructive,microstructure-informed composition analysis framework,reduces characterization time compared to traditional experiment methods and provides insights into the composition-microstructure relationship in diverse material systems.
基金supported by the United States Department of Agriculture,Forest Service,Rocky Mountain Research Station through Research Joint Venture Agreement 17–098Funding was provided by the USDA Forest Service Northern Region。
文摘Understory plants are an integral part of forests,serving a variety of functions that help maintain healthy ecosystems.The structure and composition of the understory are influenced by numerous biotic and abiotic factors,with light being critical.The introduction of the pathogen Cronartium ribicola,which causes white pine blister rust,into North America in the early 20 th century led to the near total loss of western white pine(Pinus monticola)from moist forests of the Northern Rockies.Management is reintroducing blister rust-resistant western white pine across the landscape,but the effects on the understory are unknown.We examined the effects of stand structure and proportion of western white pine in the overstory on understory diversity of vascular plants in closed canopy stands dominated by blister rust-resistant western white pine across northern Idaho.Habitat series explained the greatest amount of variation(34%)in species presence-absence,while canopy cover accounted for 25%,basal area of all trees for 18%,and the proportion of western white pine composition by 14%.Our analysis revealed positive relationships between the proportion of western white pine in the overstory and both the presence of understory plants and the cover of several understory species.For both the presence and cover,separate sets of thirteen species were found to have a positive relationship with the proportion of western white pine in the overstory,with eight species in common.This research fills a knowledge gap by using data from a range of stands across northern Idaho with varying abundance of western white pine in the overstory to evaluate the relationship between the understory and overstory composition.As land managers plant more western white pine trees,we are likely to see the concomitant increase in understory plant diversity across the landscape,in addition to numerous other benefits,including disturbance resistance and resilience.
文摘We propose the new experimental method for investigating and approximating the organization and structure of movements with given accuracy. The composition of approximating trajectories illuminating the movement traits discloses the level of movement expertise in dancers and golf players. The method allows estimating the level of movement expertise, drawing the detailed structure of movements, and classifying movements into a given repertoire automatically.
文摘Fatty acids are the main constituents of vegetable oils.To determine the fatty acid compositions of small trade vegetable oils and some less well studied beneficial vegetable oils,and investigate their relationships with antioxidant activity and oxidative stability,gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was performed to characterize the associated fatty acid profiles.The antioxidant activity of vegetable oils,based on their DPPH-scavenging capacity(expressed as IC_(50) values),was used to assess their impact on human health,and their oxidative stability was characterized by performing lipid oxidation analysis to determine the oxidative induction time of fats and oils.In addition,correlation analyses were performed to examine associations between the fatty acid composition of the oils and DPPH-scavenging capacity and oxidative stability.The results revealed that among the assessed oils,coffee seed oil has the highest saturated fatty acid content(355.10 mg/g),whereas Garddenia jaminoides oil has the highest unsaturated fatty acid content(844.84 mg/g).Coffee seed oil was also found have the lowest DPPH IC_(50) value(2.30 mg/mL)and the longest oxidation induction time(17.09 h).Correlation analysis revealed a significant linear relationship(P<0.05)between oxidative stability and unsaturated fatty acid content,with lower contents tending to be associated with better oxidative stability.The findings of this study provide reference data for the screening of functional edible vegetable oils.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(U22A20191)。
文摘Brazing filler metals are widely applied,which serve as an industrial adhesive in the joining of dissimilar structures.With the continuous emergence of new structures and materials,the demand for novel brazing filler metals is ever-increasing.It is of great significance to investigate the optimized composition design methods and to establish systematic design guidelines for brazing filler metals.This study elucidated the fundamental rules for the composition design of brazing filler metals from a three-dimensional perspective encompassing the basic properties of applied brazing filler metals,formability and processability,and overall cost.The basic properties of brazing filler metals refer to their mechanical properties,physicochemical properties,electromagnetic properties,corrosion resistance,and the wettability and fluidity during brazing.The formability and processability of brazing filler metals include the processes of smelting and casting,extrusion,rolling,drawing and ring-making,as well as the processes of granulation,powder production,and the molding of amorphous and microcrystalline structures.The cost of brazing filler metals corresponds to the sum of materials value and manufacturing cost.Improving the comprehensive properties of brazing filler metals requires a comprehensive and systematic consideration of design indicators.Highlighting the unique characteristics of brazing filler metals should focus on relevant technical indicators.Binary or ternary eutectic structures can effectively enhance the flow spreading ability of brazing filler metals,and solid solution structures contribute to the formability.By employing the proposed design guidelines,typical Ag based,Cu based,Zn based brazing filler metals,and Sn based solders were designed and successfully applied in major scientific and engineering projects.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.42161006Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects No.202201AT070094,No.202301BF070001-004+1 种基金Special Project for High-level Talents of Yunnan Province for Young Top Talents,No.C6213001159European Research Council(ERC)Starting-Grant STORIES,No.101040939。
文摘Due to water conflicts and allocation in the Lancang-Mekong River Basin(LMRB),the spatio-temporal differentiation of total water resources and the natural-human influence need to be clarified.This work investigated LMRB's terrestrial water storage anomaly(TWSA)and its spatio-temporal dynamics during 2002–2020.Considering the effects of natural factors and human activities,the respective contributions of climate variability and human activities to terrestrial water storage change(TWSC)were separated.Results showed that:(1)LMRB's TWSA decreased by 0.3158 cm/a.(2)TWSA showed a gradual increase in distribution from southwest of MRB to middle LMRB and from northeast of LRB to middle LMRB.TWSA positively changed in Myanmar while slightly changed in Laos and China.It negatively changed in Vietnam,Thailand and Cambodia.(3)TWSA components decreased in a descending order of soil moisture,groundwater and precipitation.(4)Natural factors had a substantial and spatial differentiated influence on TWSA over the LMRB.(5)Climate variability contributed 79%of TWSC in the LMRB while human activities contributed 21%with an increasing impact after 2008.The TWSC of upstream basin countries was found to be controlled by climate variability while Vietnam and Cambodia's TWSC has been controlled by human activities since 2012.
文摘An energetic binder based on hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene(HTPB),doped with different ratios of nitrocellulose(NC)(10%,20%,30%,and 50%),was developed to study the effect of NC doping on the thermal decomposition behavior of a composite propellant(CP)comprising ammonium nitrate(AN)as an oxidizer and magnesium(Mg)as a fuel.Optimization of the propellant formulation was conducted using Chemical Equilibrium with Applications-National Aeronautics and Space Administration(CEA-NASA)software,which demonstrated an increase in specific impulse by 12.09 s when the binder contained 50%NC.Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)analysis confirmed the excellent compatibility between the components,and density measurements revealed an increase of 6.4%with a higher NC content.Morphological analysis using optical microscopy showed that NC doping improved the uniformity and compactness of the surface,reduced cavities,and achieved a more homogeneous particle distribution.Differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)analysis indicated a decrease in the decomposition temperature of the propellant as the NC content increased,while kinetic studies revealed a 48.68%reduction in the activation energy when 50%NC was incorporated into the binder.These findings suggest that the addition of NC enhances combustion efficiency and improves overall propellant performance.This study highlights the potential of the new HTPB-NC energetic binder as a promising approach for advancing solid propellant technology.
基金supported by the Surface Project of Local De-velopment in Science and Technology Guided by Central Govern-ment(No.2021ZYD0041)the National Natural Science Founda-tion of China(Nos.52377026 and 52301192)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2019YQ24)the Taishan Scholars and Young Experts Program of Shandong Province(No.tsqn202103057)the Special Financial of Shandong Province(Struc-tural Design of High-efficiency Electromagnetic Wave-absorbing Composite Materials and Construction of Shandong Provincial Tal-ent Teams)the“Sanqin Scholars”Innovation Teams Project of Shaanxi Province(Clean Energy Materials and High-Performance Devices Innovation Team of Shaanxi Dongling Smelting Co.,Ltd.).
文摘With the increasing complexity of the current electromagnetic environment,excessive microwave radi-ation not only does harm to human health but also forms various electromagnetic interference to so-phisticated electronic instruments.Therefore,the design and preparation of electromagnetic absorbing composites represent an efficient approach to mitigate the current hazards of electromagnetic radiation.However,traditional electromagnetic absorbers are difficult to satisfy the demands of actual utilization in the face of new challenges,and emerging absorbents have garnered increasing attention due to their structure and performance-based advantages.In this review,several emerging composites of Mxene-based,biochar-based,chiral,and heat-resisting are discussed in detail,including their synthetic strategy,structural superiority and regulation method,and final optimization of electromagnetic absorption ca-pacity.These insights provide a comprehensive reference for the future development of new-generation electromagnetic-wave absorption composites.Moreover,the potential development directions of these emerging absorbers have been proposed as well.
基金financially supported by National Nature Science Foundation of China(81973284)Scientific Research Foundation of the Education Department of Liaoning Province(LJKZ0944).
文摘Angelica sinensis(A.sinensis),as a kind of Chinese medicine,has the effects of tonifying blood,promoting blood circulation,regulating menstrual flow,relieving pain,moistening bowel and so on.By consulting Sciencedirect database and Web of Science database,163 related articles were found,of which 36 were related to chemical composition and pharmacological activities of A.sinensis.In this paper,the chemical structures and different derivatives were systematically summarized by reviewing relevant literatures,and the pharmacological effects were also summarized.
基金Joint Fund Project of the Henan Provincial Science and Technology Research and Development Plan(222301420060)。
文摘Objective This study aimed to study the effects of different crystalline states of Sheng Shigao(raw gypsum,RG)and its inorganic elements on the antipyretic efficacy of Baihu Decoction(BHT).Methods RG samples calcined at different temperatures were prepared.The phase composition of RG and Duan Shigao(calcination of gypsum,CG)as well as the changes in phase composition before and after adding water to RG calcined at specific temperatures,were determined using X-ray diffraction(XRD).A fever model was established by subcutaneously injecting 20%yeast suspension(10 mL·kg~(-1))into the backs of rats.The effects of BHT containing RG in different crystalline states on rat body temperature were measured.Serum levels of IL-1β,IL-6,and hypothalamic prostaglandin E2(PGE_2)were detected using ELISA.Serum Ca~(2+)levels were measured using a microplate method.The content of trace elements in RG and CG and the corresponding freeze-dried BHT powder was determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS).The complexation of representative inorganic elements with mangiferin,a major active component in BHT,was investigated using UV-Vis spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy.A validation model was established using RAW264.7 mouse macrophages.Drug-containing serum of BHT with different inorganic elements was prepared,and the nitric oxide(NO)levels in the cell supernatant of different treatment groups were measured using the Griess method.The mRNA levels of IL-6,TNF-α,and PGE2in each group were detected using qPCR(real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR).Results After calcination,the phase composition of RG changed,and the content of inorganic elements in RG,CG170(RG calcined at 170°C),and CG350(RG calcined at 350°C)showed similar trends.Compared with RG,the content of Ca,Sr,Al,and Na in CG changed significantly.Compared with BHT,the content of Ca,Sr,Si,and Na in CG changed significantly when incorporated into the formula.Intermolecular interactions confirmed strong binding between mangiferin and Cu~(2+)and Al~(3+).Cu~(2+)and Fe~(3+)exhibited fluorescence quenching effects on mangiferin solution,while Al~(3+)and Zn~(2+)showed strong fluorescence enhancement,with fluorescence intensity increasing by 120-fold and 30-fold,respectively.In vitro evaluation of synergistic anti-inflammatory effects confirmed that Ca,Fe,Cr,Al,and Si exhibited synergistic anti-inflammatory effects.Conclusion The crystalline state of RG has little effect on its antipyretic properties,while Ca,Sr,Na,Fe,and Al are likely the key material bases influencing its efficacy.
文摘The ability to accurately predict urban traffic flows is crucial for optimising city operations.Consequently,various methods for forecasting urban traffic have been developed,focusing on analysing historical data to understand complex mobility patterns.Deep learning techniques,such as graph neural networks(GNNs),are popular for their ability to capture spatio-temporal dependencies.However,these models often become overly complex due to the large number of hyper-parameters involved.In this study,we introduce Dynamic Multi-Graph Spatial-Temporal Graph Neural Ordinary Differential Equation Networks(DMST-GNODE),a framework based on ordinary differential equations(ODEs)that autonomously discovers effective spatial-temporal graph neural network(STGNN)architectures for traffic prediction tasks.The comparative analysis of DMST-GNODE and baseline models indicates that DMST-GNODE model demonstrates superior performance across multiple datasets,consistently achieving the lowest Root Mean Square Error(RMSE)and Mean Absolute Error(MAE)values,alongside the highest accuracy.On the BKK(Bangkok)dataset,it outperformed other models with an RMSE of 3.3165 and an accuracy of 0.9367 for a 20-min interval,maintaining this trend across 40 and 60 min.Similarly,on the PeMS08 dataset,DMST-GNODE achieved the best performance with an RMSE of 19.4863 and an accuracy of 0.9377 at 20 min,demonstrating its effectiveness over longer periods.The Los_Loop dataset results further emphasise this model’s advantage,with an RMSE of 3.3422 and an accuracy of 0.7643 at 20 min,consistently maintaining superiority across all time intervals.These numerical highlights indicate that DMST-GNODE not only outperforms baseline models but also achieves higher accuracy and lower errors across different time intervals and datasets.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds of Chinese Academy of Forestry(Nos.CAFYBB2022SY037,CAFYBB2021ZA002 and CAFYBB2022QC002)the Basic Research Foundation of Yunnan Province(Grant No.202201AT070264).
文摘Soil microbial communities are key factors in maintaining ecosystem multifunctionality(EMF).However,the distribution patterns of bacterial diversity and how the different bacterial taxa and their diversity dimensions affect EMF remain largely unknown.Here,we investigated variation in three measures of diversity(alpha diversity,community composition and network complexity)among rare,intermediate,and abundant taxa across a latitudinal gradient spanning five forest plots in Yunnan Province,China and examined their contributions on EMF.We aimed to characterize the diversity distributions of bacterial groups across latitudes and to assess the differences in the mechanisms underlying their contributions to EMF.We found that multifaceted diversity(i.e.,diversity assessed by the three different metrics)of rare,intermediate,and abundant bacteria generally decreased with increasing latitude.More importantly,we found that rare bacterial taxa tended to be more diverse,but they contributed less to EMF than intermediate or abundant bacteria.Among the three dimensions of diversity we assessed,only community composition significantly affected EMF across all locations,while alpha diversity had a negative effect,and network complexity showed no significant impact.Our study further emphasizes the importance of intermediate and abundant bacterial taxa as well as community composition to EMF and provides a theoretical basis for investigating the mechanisms by which belowground microorganisms drive EMF along a latitudinal gradient.
基金support from the National Key Scientific and Technological Infrastructure project “Earth System Science Numerical Simulator Facility” (Earth Lab)sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 42175132, 92044303, and 42205119)+2 种基金the National Key R&D Program (Grant Nos. 2020YFA0607802 and 2022YFC3703003)the CAS Information Technology Program (Grant No. CAS-WX2021SF-0107-02)the fellowship of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No. 2022M723093)
文摘Scientific knowledge on the chemical compositions of fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5)) is essential for properly assessing its health and climate effects,and for decisionmakers to develop efficient mitigation strategies.A high-resolution PM_(2.5) chemical composition dataset(CAQRA-aerosol)is developed in this study,which provides hourly maps of organic carbon,black carbon,ammonium,nitrate,and sulfate in China from 2013 to 2020 with a horizontal resolution of 15 km.This paper describes the method,access,and validation results of this dataset.It shows that CAQRA-aerosol has good consistency with observations and achieves higher or comparable accuracy with previous PM_(2.5) composition datasets.Based on CAQRA-aerosol,spatiotemporal changes of different PM_(2.5) compositions were investigated from a national viewpoint,which emphasizes different changes of nitrate from other compositions.The estimated annual rate of population-weighted concentrations of nitrate is 0.23μg m^(−3)yr^(−1) from 2015 to 2020,compared with−0.19 to−1.1μg m^(−3)yr^(−1) for other compositions.The whole dataset is freely available from the China Air Pollution Data Center(https://doi.org/10.12423/capdb_PKU.2023.DA).
