In Spain, certain population-based studies have shown high blood mercury (Hg) levels due to the high consumption of fish. Some studies have stated that one of the most consumed fish in Spain is canned tuna. Different ...In Spain, certain population-based studies have shown high blood mercury (Hg) levels due to the high consumption of fish. Some studies have stated that one of the most consumed fish in Spain is canned tuna. Different Spanish organisms consider that it is safe to consume canned tuna as it supposedly has a low mercury content, particularly in so-called light tuna. However, in Spain light tuna is mainly yellowfin and bigeye tuna, while in other countries it is mainly skipjack tuna. This study analyzed 36 cans of the most popular brands in Spain and examined the influence of the type of tuna, packaging medium (olive oil, sunflower seed oil, water or marinade), different brands, prices and expiration dates. Mercury concentrations (mg/kg) were measured by atomic absorption spectrometry and thermal decomposition amalgamation. The medians observed were (mg/kg): light tuna: 0.314;IQR: 0.205 - 0.594, white tuna: 0.338;IQR: 0.276 - 0.558, skipjack: 0.311;IQR: 0.299 - 0.322, frigate tuna: 0.219;IQR 0.182 - 0.257 and mackerel: 0.042;IQR 0.029 -?0.074. We found statistically significant differences between white tuna, light tuna and mackerel (p = 0.004);light tuna and mackerel (p = 0.002) and white tuna and mackerel (p = 0.006). However, we found no differences between white tuna and light tuna, or among packaging medium, brands, prices or expiration dates. The limit of 0.500 mg/kg of mercury in canned tuna was exceeded by the following percentages of the cans: 33.3% of light tuna, 16.7% of white tuna, and 0% of Skipjack, frigate tuna and mackerel. The mercury content of the cans of Spanish light tuna that were analyzed was variable and high. The results of this study indicate that stricter regulation of Hg in canned tuna is necessary. Until then, it is safer to recommend that vulnerable populations such as children and pregnant women consume canned mackerel, which has a markedly lower mercury content.展开更多
From revolutionizing its museums with VR to pioneering smart tourism,China’s rapid technological advancement is creating new opportunities for global tourism,particularly with partners like Spain.
Reaffirming its commitment to strengthening ties with China,Spain underscores its role as a bridge between Europe and China in a shifting global landscape.JUST days before Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez emb...Reaffirming its commitment to strengthening ties with China,Spain underscores its role as a bridge between Europe and China in a shifting global landscape.JUST days before Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez embarked on his third official visit to Beijing in April in less than three years,the Spanish government hosted a high-level meeting at the Moncloa Palace in Madrid with five prominent Spanish China experts specializing in bilateral relations and continental ties with Beijing.I was honored to join this select group for a three-hour exchange of views with Prime Minister Sánchez and his team-a conversation marked by candor and strategic vision.展开更多
Conservation and enhancement of old-growth forests are key in forest planning and policies.In order to do so,more knowledge is needed on how the attributes traditionally associated with old-growth forests are distribu...Conservation and enhancement of old-growth forests are key in forest planning and policies.In order to do so,more knowledge is needed on how the attributes traditionally associated with old-growth forests are distributed in space,what differences exist across distinct forest types and what natural or anthropic conditions are affecting the distribution of these old-growthness attributes.Using data from the Third Spanish National Forest Inventory(1997–2007),we calculated six indicators commonly associated with forest old-growthness for the plots in the territory of Peninsular Spain and Balearic Islands,and then combined them into an aggregated index.We then assessed their spatial distribution and the differences across five forest functional types,as well as the effects of ten climate,topographic,landscape,and anthropic variables in their distribution.Relevant geographical patterns were apparent,with climate factors,namely temperature and precipitation,playing a crucial role in the distribution of these attributes.The distribution of the indicators also varied across different forest types,while the effects of recent anthropic impacts were weaker but still relevant.Aridity seemed to be one of the main impediments for the development of old-growthness attributes,coupled with a negative impact of recent human pressure.However,these effects seemed to be mediated by other factors,specially the legacies imposed by the complex history of forest management practices,land use changes and natural disturbances that have shaped the forests of Spain.The results of this exploratory analysis highlight on one hand the importance of climate in the dynamic of forests towards old-growthness,which is relevant in a context of Climate Change,and on the other hand,the need for more insights on the history of our forests in order to understand their present and future.展开更多
We examine possible funding sources for constructing Climate Change Haven Communities on a global basis. Areas of the planet that have the potential to house persons migrating to “safe havens” in their own or other ...We examine possible funding sources for constructing Climate Change Haven Communities on a global basis. Areas of the planet that have the potential to house persons migrating to “safe havens” in their own or other countries will require the rapid construction of communities capable of supporting them, their families, businesses and farms. However, different political-economic conditions are found across the areas which can serve as locations for these Climate Change Haven Communities. We develop funding and construction strategies for the United States (free-market capitalism), France and Spain (European Union supported economies), and Taiwan region (state-directed economy). The proposals for the Taiwan region should also be applicable to the rest of China.展开更多
In the published version of our article(Shaji et al.,2024),in the last paragraph of the article,Hong Kong should be corrected to Hong Kong(China)and the repetition of Spain and Ireland in the same sentence need to be ...In the published version of our article(Shaji et al.,2024),in the last paragraph of the article,Hong Kong should be corrected to Hong Kong(China)and the repetition of Spain and Ireland in the same sentence need to be deleted.The correct sentence is as below.展开更多
Technological exchanges between Spain and China could not only boost bilateral innovation and economic growth but also benefit the EU and the international community.
This year marks the 20th anniversary of the Comprehensive Strategic Partnership between China and Spain.Over these two decades,this relationship has matured into a model of mutual respect,strategic foresight,and vibra...This year marks the 20th anniversary of the Comprehensive Strategic Partnership between China and Spain.Over these two decades,this relationship has matured into a model of mutual respect,strategic foresight,and vibrant cooperation,serving as a cornerstone for stability and growth in both nations and offering a reference for productive China-EU engagement.展开更多
From 26 October to 2 November 2024,Spain experienced a record-breaking rainfall event,with the most intense episode appearing in Valencia Province.During the event,Turis station recorded a historic 24-hour precipitati...From 26 October to 2 November 2024,Spain experienced a record-breaking rainfall event,with the most intense episode appearing in Valencia Province.During the event,Turis station recorded a historic 24-hour precipitation of 710.8 mm,exceeding the national annual average.This resulting flood led to widespread disruption and significant societal impacts.Synoptic analyses reveal that the event was dominated by a deep cut-off low extending through the entire troposphere and persisting for approximately 186 h.Background conditions were characterized by upper-level divergence,mid-tropospheric warm advection,and a strong southeasterly low-level jet,which promoted vertical motion and sustained moisture transport.The steep,funnel-shaped terrain along the eastern Iberian coast further triggered and enhanced the local convection.A 10-day backward Lagrangian moisture tracing using the HYSPLIT model identified the Mediterranean Sea as the primary moisture source(78.1%),followed by northwestern Africa(8.5%)and central-eastern Europe/the Black Sea(6.2%).Low-level moisture transport was mainly driven by the cut-off low and a persistent Mediterranean high,while mid-to upper-level trajectories were associated with a preceding low-pressure system over the Mediterranean and the subtropical Atlantic high.These systems acted in sequence to relay moisture toward the Valencia region,and under the influence of the strongly rotating and convergent cut-off low—along with terrain-induced lifting—this moisture was rapidly uplifted,ultimately triggering the extreme rainfall event.展开更多
A seasoned business consultant’s insightful reflection on two decades of navigating China’s dynamic market.TWENTY years ago,when the Spain-China Comprehensive Strategic Partnership Agreement was signed,few could hav...A seasoned business consultant’s insightful reflection on two decades of navigating China’s dynamic market.TWENTY years ago,when the Spain-China Comprehensive Strategic Partnership Agreement was signed,few could have foreseen the profound transformation that this bilateral relationship would undergo.展开更多
文摘In Spain, certain population-based studies have shown high blood mercury (Hg) levels due to the high consumption of fish. Some studies have stated that one of the most consumed fish in Spain is canned tuna. Different Spanish organisms consider that it is safe to consume canned tuna as it supposedly has a low mercury content, particularly in so-called light tuna. However, in Spain light tuna is mainly yellowfin and bigeye tuna, while in other countries it is mainly skipjack tuna. This study analyzed 36 cans of the most popular brands in Spain and examined the influence of the type of tuna, packaging medium (olive oil, sunflower seed oil, water or marinade), different brands, prices and expiration dates. Mercury concentrations (mg/kg) were measured by atomic absorption spectrometry and thermal decomposition amalgamation. The medians observed were (mg/kg): light tuna: 0.314;IQR: 0.205 - 0.594, white tuna: 0.338;IQR: 0.276 - 0.558, skipjack: 0.311;IQR: 0.299 - 0.322, frigate tuna: 0.219;IQR 0.182 - 0.257 and mackerel: 0.042;IQR 0.029 -?0.074. We found statistically significant differences between white tuna, light tuna and mackerel (p = 0.004);light tuna and mackerel (p = 0.002) and white tuna and mackerel (p = 0.006). However, we found no differences between white tuna and light tuna, or among packaging medium, brands, prices or expiration dates. The limit of 0.500 mg/kg of mercury in canned tuna was exceeded by the following percentages of the cans: 33.3% of light tuna, 16.7% of white tuna, and 0% of Skipjack, frigate tuna and mackerel. The mercury content of the cans of Spanish light tuna that were analyzed was variable and high. The results of this study indicate that stricter regulation of Hg in canned tuna is necessary. Until then, it is safer to recommend that vulnerable populations such as children and pregnant women consume canned mackerel, which has a markedly lower mercury content.
文摘From revolutionizing its museums with VR to pioneering smart tourism,China’s rapid technological advancement is creating new opportunities for global tourism,particularly with partners like Spain.
文摘Reaffirming its commitment to strengthening ties with China,Spain underscores its role as a bridge between Europe and China in a shifting global landscape.JUST days before Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez embarked on his third official visit to Beijing in April in less than three years,the Spanish government hosted a high-level meeting at the Moncloa Palace in Madrid with five prominent Spanish China experts specializing in bilateral relations and continental ties with Beijing.I was honored to join this select group for a three-hour exchange of views with Prime Minister Sánchez and his team-a conversation marked by candor and strategic vision.
基金supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation project GREEN-RISK(Evaluation of past changes in ecosystem services and biodiversity in forests and restoration priorities under global change impacts-PID2020-119933RB-C21)A.C.received a pre-doctoral fellowship funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation(PRE2021-099642).
文摘Conservation and enhancement of old-growth forests are key in forest planning and policies.In order to do so,more knowledge is needed on how the attributes traditionally associated with old-growth forests are distributed in space,what differences exist across distinct forest types and what natural or anthropic conditions are affecting the distribution of these old-growthness attributes.Using data from the Third Spanish National Forest Inventory(1997–2007),we calculated six indicators commonly associated with forest old-growthness for the plots in the territory of Peninsular Spain and Balearic Islands,and then combined them into an aggregated index.We then assessed their spatial distribution and the differences across five forest functional types,as well as the effects of ten climate,topographic,landscape,and anthropic variables in their distribution.Relevant geographical patterns were apparent,with climate factors,namely temperature and precipitation,playing a crucial role in the distribution of these attributes.The distribution of the indicators also varied across different forest types,while the effects of recent anthropic impacts were weaker but still relevant.Aridity seemed to be one of the main impediments for the development of old-growthness attributes,coupled with a negative impact of recent human pressure.However,these effects seemed to be mediated by other factors,specially the legacies imposed by the complex history of forest management practices,land use changes and natural disturbances that have shaped the forests of Spain.The results of this exploratory analysis highlight on one hand the importance of climate in the dynamic of forests towards old-growthness,which is relevant in a context of Climate Change,and on the other hand,the need for more insights on the history of our forests in order to understand their present and future.
文摘We examine possible funding sources for constructing Climate Change Haven Communities on a global basis. Areas of the planet that have the potential to house persons migrating to “safe havens” in their own or other countries will require the rapid construction of communities capable of supporting them, their families, businesses and farms. However, different political-economic conditions are found across the areas which can serve as locations for these Climate Change Haven Communities. We develop funding and construction strategies for the United States (free-market capitalism), France and Spain (European Union supported economies), and Taiwan region (state-directed economy). The proposals for the Taiwan region should also be applicable to the rest of China.
文摘In the published version of our article(Shaji et al.,2024),in the last paragraph of the article,Hong Kong should be corrected to Hong Kong(China)and the repetition of Spain and Ireland in the same sentence need to be deleted.The correct sentence is as below.
文摘Technological exchanges between Spain and China could not only boost bilateral innovation and economic growth but also benefit the EU and the international community.
文摘This year marks the 20th anniversary of the Comprehensive Strategic Partnership between China and Spain.Over these two decades,this relationship has matured into a model of mutual respect,strategic foresight,and vibrant cooperation,serving as a cornerstone for stability and growth in both nations and offering a reference for productive China-EU engagement.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42475008)Strategy Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB0760400).
文摘From 26 October to 2 November 2024,Spain experienced a record-breaking rainfall event,with the most intense episode appearing in Valencia Province.During the event,Turis station recorded a historic 24-hour precipitation of 710.8 mm,exceeding the national annual average.This resulting flood led to widespread disruption and significant societal impacts.Synoptic analyses reveal that the event was dominated by a deep cut-off low extending through the entire troposphere and persisting for approximately 186 h.Background conditions were characterized by upper-level divergence,mid-tropospheric warm advection,and a strong southeasterly low-level jet,which promoted vertical motion and sustained moisture transport.The steep,funnel-shaped terrain along the eastern Iberian coast further triggered and enhanced the local convection.A 10-day backward Lagrangian moisture tracing using the HYSPLIT model identified the Mediterranean Sea as the primary moisture source(78.1%),followed by northwestern Africa(8.5%)and central-eastern Europe/the Black Sea(6.2%).Low-level moisture transport was mainly driven by the cut-off low and a persistent Mediterranean high,while mid-to upper-level trajectories were associated with a preceding low-pressure system over the Mediterranean and the subtropical Atlantic high.These systems acted in sequence to relay moisture toward the Valencia region,and under the influence of the strongly rotating and convergent cut-off low—along with terrain-induced lifting—this moisture was rapidly uplifted,ultimately triggering the extreme rainfall event.
文摘A seasoned business consultant’s insightful reflection on two decades of navigating China’s dynamic market.TWENTY years ago,when the Spain-China Comprehensive Strategic Partnership Agreement was signed,few could have foreseen the profound transformation that this bilateral relationship would undergo.
