A new species of microhylid frog of the genus Glyphoglossus Gunther,1869 is described from Huadianba,Cangshan Mountain,Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture,Yunnan Province,China.Glyphoglossus huadianensis,new species,is com...A new species of microhylid frog of the genus Glyphoglossus Gunther,1869 is described from Huadianba,Cangshan Mountain,Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture,Yunnan Province,China.Glyphoglossus huadianensis,new species,is compared with congeners from China and other parts of Southeast Asia,and was distinguished from the others by the following combination of characters:adult male body size up to 37.8 mm;pupil rounded;supra tympanic fold distinct;tympanum concealed;toe tips obtuse;subarticular tubercles prominent and rounded;foot webbing extensive;outer metatarsal tubercle present;dorsum tuberculate,yellowish-brown/earth-yellow;and a pair of conspicuous large round spots in groin.The new species is the tenth species of Glyphoglossus to be described,and the second known from China.展开更多
A new Sillago species,Sillago parasihama sp.n.,is identified based on 127 specimens collected from the southern coast of China.We compared the morphological characters between Sillago parasihama and all other 11 Silla...A new Sillago species,Sillago parasihama sp.n.,is identified based on 127 specimens collected from the southern coast of China.We compared the morphological characters between Sillago parasihama and all other 11 Sillago species with two posterior extensions on the swim bladder.The new species is like S.sihama in the countable characters and color pattern,but is different from the latter by the distinct swim bladders.The swim bladder of S.parasihama is without lateral process.The posterior sub-extensions of anterolateral extensions are unique with some dendritic or sometimes stunted blind tubule,which are unilateral and outward,ex-tending along the abdominal,and are about one-third to half of the body of swim bladder in length.But the swim bladder of S.si-hama with 8-10 lateral processes,the posterior sub-extensions of anterolateral extensions are kinky,long and complicated,extend-ing along the abdominal wall below the peritoneum to the base of posterior extensions.S.parasihama can be distinguished from other species in this group by color pattern,meristic,and morphometric characters.Moreover,the results of genetic analysis using sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I(COI)fragment show significant interspecific-level genetic distances(0.159-0.231)between S.parasihama and 8 congeners in the group,which also support the validity of new species.We also provide a distribution map and a key of the related species.展开更多
In the present study, we introduced point mutations into Ac_rap A which encodes a polyketide synthase responsible for rapamycin biosynthesis in Actinoplanes sp. N902-109, in order to construct a mutant with an inactiv...In the present study, we introduced point mutations into Ac_rap A which encodes a polyketide synthase responsible for rapamycin biosynthesis in Actinoplanes sp. N902-109, in order to construct a mutant with an inactivated enoylreductase(ER) domain, which was able to synthesize a new rapamycin analog. Based on the homologous recombination induced by double-strand breaks in chromosome mediated by endonuclease I-SceI, the site-directed mutation in the first ER domain of Ac_rapA was introduced using non-replicating plasmid pL YERIA combined with an I-SceI expression plasmid. Three amino acid residues of the active center, Ala-Gly-Gly, were converted to Ala-Ser-Pro. The broth of the mutant strain SIPI-027 was analyzed by HPLC and a new peak with the similar UV spectrum to that of rapamycin was found. The sample of the new peak was prepared by solvent extraction, column chromatography, and crystallization methods. The structure of new compound, named as SIPI-rapxin, was elucidated by determining and analyzing its MS and NMR spectra and its biological activity was assessed using mixed lymphocyte reaction(MLR). An ER domain–deficient mutant of Actinoplanes sp. N902-109, named as SIPI-027, was constructed, which produced a novel rapamycin analog SIPI-rapxin and its structure was elucidated to be 35, 36-didehydro-27-O-demethylrapamycin. The biological activity of SIPI-rapxin was better than that of rapamycin. In conclusion, inactivation of the first ER domain of rap A, one of the modular polyketide synthase responsible for macro-lactone synthesis of rapamycin, gave rise to a mutant capable of producing a novel rapamycin analog, 35, 36-didehydro-27-O-demethylrapamycin, demonstrating that the enoylreductase domain was responsible for the reduction of the double bond between C-35 and C-36 during rapamycin synthesis.展开更多
Two new species of Sciomyzidae from Manchuria (Northeastern China) are described. Pherbellia orientalis sp. n. belongs to the P. dorsata group and is characterized by partly darkened wings and a contrasting white fore...Two new species of Sciomyzidae from Manchuria (Northeastern China) are described. Pherbellia orientalis sp. n. belongs to the P. dorsata group and is characterized by partly darkened wings and a contrasting white fore basitarsus. Elgiva manchurica sp. n. is apparently related to E divisa (Loew) but differs by the bare prosternum and differently shaped structures of the male genitalia.展开更多
To determine the impact of carbohydrates on the metabolic pathway in alkaliphiles, proteomes were obtained from cultures containing different carbohydrates and were resolved on two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-D...To determine the impact of carbohydrates on the metabolic pathway in alkaliphiles, proteomes were obtained from cultures containing different carbohydrates and were resolved on two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). The proteomes were compared to determine differentially expressed proteins. A novel alkaliphilic bacterium (alkaliphilic Bacillus sp. N16-5 isolated from Wudunur Soda Lake, China) was isolated in media with five different carbon sources (glucose, mannose, galactose, arabinose, and xylose). Comparative proteome analysis identified 61 differentially expressed proteins, which were mainly involved in carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid transport, and metabolism, as well as energy production and conversion. The comparison was based on the draft genome sequence of strain N16-5. The abundance of enzymes involved in central metabolism was significantly changed when exposed to various carbohydrates. Notably, catabolite control protein A (CcpA) was up-regulated under all carbon sources compared with glucose. In addition, pentose exhibited a stronger effect than hexose in CcpA-mediated carbon catabolite repression. These results provided a fundamental understanding of carbohydrate metabolism in alkaliphiles.展开更多
基金supported by grants from National Key Research and Development Program,Grant/A ward Number:2017YFC0505202the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31301872 to D.R.ZHANG+3 种基金31372165,31970404 and 31772424 to D.Q.RAO31501870 and 31872216 to L.X.ZHANG)State Key Labora tory of Genetics Resources and Evolution(Grant No.GREKF17-08)Biodiversity Survey,Monitoring and Assessment program of Ministry of Ecology and Environment of China(2019HB2096001006)。
文摘A new species of microhylid frog of the genus Glyphoglossus Gunther,1869 is described from Huadianba,Cangshan Mountain,Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture,Yunnan Province,China.Glyphoglossus huadianensis,new species,is compared with congeners from China and other parts of Southeast Asia,and was distinguished from the others by the following combination of characters:adult male body size up to 37.8 mm;pupil rounded;supra tympanic fold distinct;tympanum concealed;toe tips obtuse;subarticular tubercles prominent and rounded;foot webbing extensive;outer metatarsal tubercle present;dorsum tuberculate,yellowish-brown/earth-yellow;and a pair of conspicuous large round spots in groin.The new species is the tenth species of Glyphoglossus to be described,and the second known from China.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2019 YFD0901301)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41976083,41776171).
文摘A new Sillago species,Sillago parasihama sp.n.,is identified based on 127 specimens collected from the southern coast of China.We compared the morphological characters between Sillago parasihama and all other 11 Sillago species with two posterior extensions on the swim bladder.The new species is like S.sihama in the countable characters and color pattern,but is different from the latter by the distinct swim bladders.The swim bladder of S.parasihama is without lateral process.The posterior sub-extensions of anterolateral extensions are unique with some dendritic or sometimes stunted blind tubule,which are unilateral and outward,ex-tending along the abdominal,and are about one-third to half of the body of swim bladder in length.But the swim bladder of S.si-hama with 8-10 lateral processes,the posterior sub-extensions of anterolateral extensions are kinky,long and complicated,extend-ing along the abdominal wall below the peritoneum to the base of posterior extensions.S.parasihama can be distinguished from other species in this group by color pattern,meristic,and morphometric characters.Moreover,the results of genetic analysis using sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I(COI)fragment show significant interspecific-level genetic distances(0.159-0.231)between S.parasihama and 8 congeners in the group,which also support the validity of new species.We also provide a distribution map and a key of the related species.
基金supported by the National Major Scientific Instruments and Equipment Development Projects(No.2011YQ15007208)Shanghai Science and Technology Support Project(No.12431901102)
文摘In the present study, we introduced point mutations into Ac_rap A which encodes a polyketide synthase responsible for rapamycin biosynthesis in Actinoplanes sp. N902-109, in order to construct a mutant with an inactivated enoylreductase(ER) domain, which was able to synthesize a new rapamycin analog. Based on the homologous recombination induced by double-strand breaks in chromosome mediated by endonuclease I-SceI, the site-directed mutation in the first ER domain of Ac_rapA was introduced using non-replicating plasmid pL YERIA combined with an I-SceI expression plasmid. Three amino acid residues of the active center, Ala-Gly-Gly, were converted to Ala-Ser-Pro. The broth of the mutant strain SIPI-027 was analyzed by HPLC and a new peak with the similar UV spectrum to that of rapamycin was found. The sample of the new peak was prepared by solvent extraction, column chromatography, and crystallization methods. The structure of new compound, named as SIPI-rapxin, was elucidated by determining and analyzing its MS and NMR spectra and its biological activity was assessed using mixed lymphocyte reaction(MLR). An ER domain–deficient mutant of Actinoplanes sp. N902-109, named as SIPI-027, was constructed, which produced a novel rapamycin analog SIPI-rapxin and its structure was elucidated to be 35, 36-didehydro-27-O-demethylrapamycin. The biological activity of SIPI-rapxin was better than that of rapamycin. In conclusion, inactivation of the first ER domain of rap A, one of the modular polyketide synthase responsible for macro-lactone synthesis of rapamycin, gave rise to a mutant capable of producing a novel rapamycin analog, 35, 36-didehydro-27-O-demethylrapamycin, demonstrating that the enoylreductase domain was responsible for the reduction of the double bond between C-35 and C-36 during rapamycin synthesis.
文摘Two new species of Sciomyzidae from Manchuria (Northeastern China) are described. Pherbellia orientalis sp. n. belongs to the P. dorsata group and is characterized by partly darkened wings and a contrasting white fore basitarsus. Elgiva manchurica sp. n. is apparently related to E divisa (Loew) but differs by the bare prosternum and differently shaped structures of the male genitalia.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China, Ministry of Science and Technology of China (Grant Nos. 2007CB707801 and 2003CB716001)the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (Grant Nos. 2006AA020201 and 2007AA021306)
文摘To determine the impact of carbohydrates on the metabolic pathway in alkaliphiles, proteomes were obtained from cultures containing different carbohydrates and were resolved on two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). The proteomes were compared to determine differentially expressed proteins. A novel alkaliphilic bacterium (alkaliphilic Bacillus sp. N16-5 isolated from Wudunur Soda Lake, China) was isolated in media with five different carbon sources (glucose, mannose, galactose, arabinose, and xylose). Comparative proteome analysis identified 61 differentially expressed proteins, which were mainly involved in carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid transport, and metabolism, as well as energy production and conversion. The comparison was based on the draft genome sequence of strain N16-5. The abundance of enzymes involved in central metabolism was significantly changed when exposed to various carbohydrates. Notably, catabolite control protein A (CcpA) was up-regulated under all carbon sources compared with glucose. In addition, pentose exhibited a stronger effect than hexose in CcpA-mediated carbon catabolite repression. These results provided a fundamental understanding of carbohydrate metabolism in alkaliphiles.
