In the pursuit of carbon peaking and neutrality goals,multi-energy parks,as major energy consumers and carbon emitters,urgently require low-carbon operational strategies.This paper proposes an electricity-carbon syner...In the pursuit of carbon peaking and neutrality goals,multi-energy parks,as major energy consumers and carbon emitters,urgently require low-carbon operational strategies.This paper proposes an electricity-carbon synergy-driven optimization method for the low-carbon operation ofmulti-energy parks.Themethod integratesmultienergy complementary scheduling with a tiered carbon trading mechanism to balance operational security,economic efficiency,and environmental objectives.A mixed-integer linear programming model is developed to characterize the coupling relationships and dynamic behaviors of key equipment,including photovoltaic systems,ground-source heat pumps,thermal storage electric boilers,combined heat and power units,and electrical energy storage systems.Furthermore,a tiered carbon trading model is established that incorporates carbon quota allocation and tiered carbon pricing to internalize carbon costs and discourage high-emission practices.Multi-scenario comparative analyses demonstrate that the electricity-carbon synergy scenario achieves a 42.64%reduction in carbon emissions compared to economy-oriented operation,while limiting the increase in operational costs to 20.85%.The carbon-prioritized scenario further reduces emissions by 9.7%,underscoring the inhibitory effect of the tiered carbon pricing mechanism on highcarbon activities.Sensitivity analyses confirm the model’s robustness against fluctuations in energy load,uncertainty in renewable generation,and variations in carbon price.This optimization method provides theoretical support for multi-energy coordinated scheduling and carbon responsibility allocation in industrial parks,offering valuable insights for promoting green transformation initiatives.展开更多
The Guangdong,Jiangxi and Fujian(GJF)provinces,located in the subtropical region of southeastern China,is one of the national key regions for soil erosion control and ecological restoration.This region is characterize...The Guangdong,Jiangxi and Fujian(GJF)provinces,located in the subtropical region of southeastern China,is one of the national key regions for soil erosion control and ecological restoration.This region is characterized by extensive red soil development and high rainfall erosivity,making it a representative landscape for exploring the interactions between land use change(LUC)and ecosystem services(ES).Despite the recognized importance of ES in hilly regions,comprehensive assessing the impacts of LUC on ES remain limited.This study investigates five key ES:water yield,soil conservation,carbon conservation,food supply,and habitat quality in GJF region from 2000 to 2020.By applying the InVEST model and the Geodetector method,we assessed the trade-offs,synergies,and transitions among ES,identified the natural and social drivers of ES dynamics,and quantified the contribution of LUC to ES changes using the ecosystem service contribution index.The results showed that cropland and woodland were the dominant land use types.Ecological restoration efforts positively influenced ES,with synergies intensifying and trade-offs diminishing over time.Land use conversions,particularly among woodland,grassland,and cropland,exerted significant impacts on ES.In particular,the conversion of woodland to other land uses had markedly negative effects on soil conservation,carbon conservation,and habitat quality.Forest cover was identified as a major driver of ES dynamics.These findings highlight the importance of maintaining and expanding forest and grassland cover,strengthening red soil conservation,and optimizing land use structure to achieve coordinated ecological protection and socioeconomic development in the subtropical hilly regions of southern China.展开更多
Microwave absorption(MA)materials often face poor synergy between impedance matching and attenuation in the low-frequency range.Balancing permittivity and permeability through magnetic-dielectric synergy is a promisin...Microwave absorption(MA)materials often face poor synergy between impedance matching and attenuation in the low-frequency range.Balancing permittivity and permeability through magnetic-dielectric synergy is a promising strategy to address this issue.To realize the synergy,herein,Sn whiskers with an in situ oxide layer served as substrates for magnetic-loss-active CoNi nanosheet growth,forming a hierarchical CoNi@SnO_(2)@Sn(CNS)heterostructure.The CNS absorber achieves a minimum reflection loss(RL_(min))value of-62.29 dB with an effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)of 2.2 GHz,covering the entire C-band with 70%absorption at only 2.61 mm thickness.The nanosheet design of CoNi enhances magnetic anisotropy to promote natural resonance,while the conductive Sn core and abundant Sn/SnO_(2) and CoNi/SnO_(2) heterointerfaces facilitate conduction loss and dielectric polarization.When composited into a thermoplastic polyurethane(TPU)matrix,the resulting CNS/TPU-2 film(20 wt%CNS)exhibits an RL_(min) value of-61.04 dB and a 2.5 GHz EAB.Its in-plane and through-plane thermal conductivities reach 2.41 and 0.51 W m^(-1) K^(-1),representing 4.1 and 2.6 times those of pure TPU films,respectively,facilitating heat dissipation from protected devices.This work provides valuable insights into magnetic-dielectric synergy for low-frequency MA of 1D metal-based materials,offering promising potential for 5G communications and flexible electronics.展开更多
Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs) have advantages including low economic cost and high safety.Nevertheless,the serious hydrogen evolution reactions(HER) and rampant growth of Zn dendrite hinder their further developme...Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs) have advantages including low economic cost and high safety.Nevertheless,the serious hydrogen evolution reactions(HER) and rampant growth of Zn dendrite hinder their further development.Herein,potassium acetate(KAc) additive with cation/anion synergy effect is added into the ZnSO_(4) electrolyte to effectively promote the oriented uniform Zn deposition and suppress side reactions.According to density functional theory calculation and experimental results,CH_(3)COO^(-)(Ac^(-))anions are capable of forming stronger hydrogen bonds with H_(2)O molecules,leading to an expanded electrochemical stability window,reduced the reactivity of H_(2)O,and hence suppressing HER.Meanwhile,Ac-anions can also preferentially adsorb onto the Zn anode,promoting dense deposition towards the(100) crystal plane.Besides,dissociated K^(+) ions serve as electrostatic shielding cations,which significantly promote uniform Zn deposition and prevent dendrite formation.Thus,the Zn||Zn symmetric cell demonstrates an impressive cycle lifespan of 3000 h at 1.0 m A/cm^(2).Furthermore,the Zn||MnO_(2) full battery exhibits superior stability with a capacity retention of 86.95 % at 2.0 A/g after 4000 cycles.Therefore,the cation/anion synergy effect in KAc additive offers a viable solution to address HER and hinder dendrite growth at the interface of Zn anodes.展开更多
Developing advanced stealth devices to cope with radar-infrared(IR)fusion detection and diverse application scenarios is increasingly demanded,which faces significant challenges due to conflicting microwave and IR clo...Developing advanced stealth devices to cope with radar-infrared(IR)fusion detection and diverse application scenarios is increasingly demanded,which faces significant challenges due to conflicting microwave and IR cloaking mechanisms and functional integration limitations.Here,we propose a multiscale hierarchical structure design,integrating wrinkled MXene IR shielding layer and flexible Fe_(3)O_(4)@C/PDMS microwave absorption layer.The top wrinkled MXene layer induces the intensive diffuse reflection effect,shielding IR radiation signals while allowing microwave to pass through.Meanwhile,the permeable microwaves are assimilated into the bottom Fe_(3)O_(4)@C/PDMS layer via strong magneto-electric synergy.Through theoretical and experimental optimization,the assembled stealth devices realize a near-perfect stealth capability in both X-band(8–12 GHz)and long-wave infrared(8–14μm)wavelength ranges.Specifically,it delivers a radar cross-section reduction of−20 dB m^(2),a large apparent temperature modulation range(ΔT=70℃),and a low average IR emissivity of 0.35.Additionally,the optimal device demonstrates exceptional curved surface conformability,self-cleaning capability(contact angle≈129°),and abrasion resistance(recovery time≈5 s).This design strategy promotes the development of multispectral stealth technology and reinforces its applicability and durability in complex and hostile environments.展开更多
Titanium alloys engineered in structural applications achieve ultrahigh strength primarily through precipitation strengthening of secondary α-phase(αs)during aging,while they often experience compromised ductility a...Titanium alloys engineered in structural applications achieve ultrahigh strength primarily through precipitation strengthening of secondary α-phase(αs)during aging,while they often experience compromised ductility and toughness due to traditional strength-toughness tradeoff.In this study,we propose a novel strategy to address this conflict by introducing deformation kinks prior to conventional cold rolling(CR)and aging processes.These kinks are produced by cold forging(CF)to create macroscopic lamellar structures in β-grains,which alter strain partitioning during subsequent CR and ultimately tailor α_(s)-precipitation upon aging.As a result,an ultrafine duplex(αe+β)-structure is formed within kink interi-ors,while hierarchicalαs-precipitates are generated in the external β-matrix.This unique microstructure effectively enhances dislocation activity,promotes uniform plastic strain distribution and impedes crack propagation.Consequently,a simple Ti-V binary titanium alloy exhibits exceptional properties with ultra-high strength∼1636 MPa,decent ductility∼5.4% and appreciable fracture toughness∼36.1 MPa m^(1/2).The synergetic properties surpass those obtained through traditional CR and aging processes for the alloy and even outperform numerous multielement engineering titanium alloys reported in literature.Our findings open up a new avenue for overcoming the strength-toughness tradeoffof ultrahigh-strength titanium alloys,and also offer a facile production route towards structural materials for advanced performance.展开更多
This study aims to achieve a synergy of strength and ductility in magnesium-based nanocomposite materials through the design of a dual-heterostructure. Utilizing ball milling and hot extrusion, a nano-TiC/AZ61 composi...This study aims to achieve a synergy of strength and ductility in magnesium-based nanocomposite materials through the design of a dual-heterostructure. Utilizing ball milling and hot extrusion, a nano-TiC/AZ61 composite featuring particle-rare coarse grain (CG) and particle-rich fine grain (FG) zones was successfully fabricated. Experimental results demonstrated that compared with the homogeneous structure, the dual-heterostructure composite achieved a significant increase in elongation by 116 % and a remarkable 165 % improvement in the strength-ductility product (SDP), while maintaining a high ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 417±4 MPa. This substantial performance enhancement is primarily attributed to the additional strain hardening induced by hetero-deformation-induced (HDI) strain hardening and crack-blunting capabilities, as elucidated by microstructural characterization and crystal plasticity finite element modeling (CPFEM). Notably, the strain hardening contribution from the CG zones at the early stage of deformation (≤ 45 % of total plastic deformation amount) is minimal but increases significantly during the subsequent deformation stages. The dislocation increment rate in CG zones (219 %) is observed to be more than double that in FG zones (95 %), attributed to the large grain size and low dislocation density in CG zones, which provide more space for dislocation storage. In addition, the aggravated deformation inhomogeneity as deformation progresses leads to an increase in geometrically necessary dislocations (GNDs) generation near the heterogeneous interface, thereby enhancing HDI hardening. Fracture mechanism analysis indicated that the cracks mainly initiate in the FG region and are effectively blunted upon their propagation to the CG region, necessitating increased energy consumption and indicating higher fracture toughness for the dual-heterostructure composites. This study validates the effectiveness of the dual-heterostructure design in magnesium-based composites, providing a novel understanding of the deformation mechanism through both experimental analysis and CPFEM, paving the way for the development of high-performance, lightweight structural materials.展开更多
With the increasing integration of large-scale distributed energy resources into the grid,traditional distribution network optimization and dispatch methods struggle to address the challenges posed by both generation ...With the increasing integration of large-scale distributed energy resources into the grid,traditional distribution network optimization and dispatch methods struggle to address the challenges posed by both generation and load.Accounting for these issues,this paper proposes a multi-timescale coordinated optimization dispatch method for distribution networks.First,the probability box theory was employed to determine the uncertainty intervals of generation and load forecasts,based on which,the requirements for flexibility dispatch and capacity constraints of the grid were calculated and analyzed.Subsequently,a multi-timescale optimization framework was constructed,incorporating the generation and load forecast uncertainties.This framework included optimization models for dayahead scheduling,intra-day optimization,and real-time adjustments,aiming to meet flexibility needs across different timescales and improve the economic efficiency of the grid.Furthermore,an improved soft actor-critic algorithm was introduced to enhance the uncertainty exploration capability.Utilizing a centralized training and decentralized execution framework,a multi-agent SAC network model was developed to improve the decision-making efficiency of the agents.Finally,the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method were validated using a modified IEEE-33 bus test system.展开更多
The application of machine learning in alloy design is increasingly widespread,yet traditional models still face challenges when dealing with limited datasets and complex nonlinear relationships.This work proposes an ...The application of machine learning in alloy design is increasingly widespread,yet traditional models still face challenges when dealing with limited datasets and complex nonlinear relationships.This work proposes an interpretable machine learning method based on data augmentation and reconstruction,excavating high-performance low-alloyed magnesium(Mg)alloys.The data augmentation technique expands the original dataset through Gaussian noise.The data reconstruction method reorganizes and transforms the original data to extract more representative features,significantly improving the model's generalization ability and prediction accuracy,with a coefficient of determination(R^(2))of 95.9%for the ultimate tensile strength(UTS)model and a R^(2)of 95.3%for the elongation-to-failure(EL)model.The correlation coefficient assisted screening(CCAS)method is proposed to filter low-alloyed target alloys.A new Mg-2.2Mn-0.4Zn-0.2Al-0.2Ca(MZAX2000,wt%)alloy is designed and extruded into bar at given processing parameters,achieving room-temperature strength-ductility synergy showing an excellent UTS of 395 MPa and a high EL of 17.9%.This is closely related to its hetero-structured characteristic in the as-extruded MZAX2000 alloy consisting of coarse grains(16%),fine grains(75%),and fiber regions(9%).Therefore,this work offers new insights into optimizing alloy compositions and processing parameters for attaining new high strong and ductile low-alloyed Mg alloys.展开更多
A solid solution 6063 aluminium alloy features an exceptional combination of strength and ductility at 77 K.Here,the deformation mechanisms responsible for superior strength-ductility synergy and excellent strain hard...A solid solution 6063 aluminium alloy features an exceptional combination of strength and ductility at 77 K.Here,the deformation mechanisms responsible for superior strength-ductility synergy and excellent strain hardening capacity at a cryogenic temperature of the alloy were comparatively investigated by insitu electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD)observations coupled with transmission electron microscopy(TEM)characterization and fracture morphologies at both 298 and 77 K.It is found that kernel average misorientation(KAM)mappings and quantified KAM in degree suggest a higher proportion of geometrically necessary dislocations(GNDs)at 77 K.The existence of orientation scatter partitions at 77 K implies the activation of multiple slip systems,which is consistent with the results of potential slip systems calculated by Taylor axes.Furthermore,dislocation tangles characterized by brief and curved dislocation cells and abundant small dimples have been observed at 77 K.This temperature-mediated activation of dislocations facilitates the increased dislocations,thus enhancing the strain hardening capacity and ductility of the alloy.This research enriches cryogenic deformation theory and provides valuable insights into the design of high-performance aluminium alloys that are suitable for cryogenic applications.展开更多
Due to its synergistic effects and reduced side effects,combination therapy has become an important strategy for treating complex diseases.In traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),the“monarch,minister,assistant,envoy”co...Due to its synergistic effects and reduced side effects,combination therapy has become an important strategy for treating complex diseases.In traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),the“monarch,minister,assistant,envoy”compatibilities theory provides a systematic framework for drug compatibility and has guided the formation of a large number of classic formulas.However,due to the complex compositions and diverse mechanisms of action of TCM,it is difficult to comprehensively reveal its potential synergistic patterns using traditional methods.Synergistic prediction based on molecular compatibility theory provides new ideas for identifying combinations of active compounds in TCM.Compared to resource-intensive traditional experimental methods,artificial intelligence possesses the ability to mine synergistic patterns from multi-omics and structural data,providing an efficient means for modeling and optimizing TCM combinations.This paper systematically reviews the application progress of AI in the synergistic prediction of TCM active compounds and explores the challenges and prospects of its application in modeling combination relationships,thereby contributing to the modernization of TCM theory and methodological innovation.展开更多
Accurately revealing the spatial heterogeneity in the trade-offs and synergies of land use functions(LUFs)and their driving factors is imperative for advancing sustainable land utilization and optimizing land use plan...Accurately revealing the spatial heterogeneity in the trade-offs and synergies of land use functions(LUFs)and their driving factors is imperative for advancing sustainable land utilization and optimizing land use planning.This is especially critical for ecologically vulnerable inland river basins in arid regions.However,existing methods struggle to effectively capture complex nonlinear interactions among environmental factors and their multifaceted relationships with trade-offs and synergies of LUFs,especially for the inland river basins in arid regions.Consequently,this study focused on the middle reaches of the Heihe River Basin(MHRB),an arid inland river basin in northwestern China.Using land use,socioeconomic,meteorological,and hydrological data from 2000 to 2020,we analyzed the spatiotemporal patterns of LUFs and their trade-off and synergy relationships from the perspective of production,living,ecological functions.Additionally,we employed an integrated Extreme Gradient Boosting(XGBoost)-SHapley Additive exPlanations(SHAP)framework to investigate the environmental factors influencing the spatial heterogeneity in the trade-offs and synergies of LUFs.Our findings reveal that from 2000 to 2020,the production,living,and ecological functions of land use within the MHRB exhibited an increasing trend,demonstrating a distinct spatial pattern of''high in the southwest and low in the northeast''.Significant spatial heterogeneity defined the trade-off and synergistic relationships,with trade-offs dominating human activity-intensive oasis areas,while synergies prevailed in other areas.During the study period,synergistic relationships between production and living functions and between production and ecological functions were relatively robust,whereas synergies in living-ecological functions remained weaker.Natural factors(digital elevation model(DEM),annual mean temperature,Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI),and annual precipitation)emerged as the primary factors driving the trade-offs and synergies of LUFs,followed by socioeconomic factors(population density,Gross Domestic Product(GDP),and land use intensity),while distance factors(distance to water bodies,distance to residential areas,and distance to roads)exerted minimal influence.Notably,the interactions among NDVI,annual mean temperature,DEM,and land use intensity exerted the most substantial impacts on the relationships among LUFs.This study provides novel perspectives and methodologies for unraveling the mechanisms underlying the spatial heterogeneity in the trade-offs and synergies of LUFs,offering scientific insights to inform regional land use planning and sustainable natural resource management in inland river basins in arid regions.展开更多
With the continuous advancement of cancer treatment methods, plasma combined with drug therapy has garnered widespread attention as an emerging therapeutic strategy. This paper elaborates on the generation and charact...With the continuous advancement of cancer treatment methods, plasma combined with drug therapy has garnered widespread attention as an emerging therapeutic strategy. This paper elaborates on the generation and characteristics of plasma, as well as its mechanisms of action on cancer cells when used alone, including the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, and damage to cancer cell membranes, and organelles. It emphasizes the synergistic mechanisms observed when plasma is combined with various anticancer drugs (e.g., chemotherapeutic agents, targeted drugs, and immunotherapies). The analysis focuses on enhancing drug uptake, promoting the activation of drug action targets, and improving the tumor microenvironment. These insights provide a theoretical basis for optimizing plasma-drug combination therapy for cancer.展开更多
Titanium alloys can achieve ultrahigh strength through precipitation hardening of secondaryα-phase(αs)fromβ-matrix but often compromise ductility due to the conventional strength-ductility trade-off.In this study,a...Titanium alloys can achieve ultrahigh strength through precipitation hardening of secondaryα-phase(αs)fromβ-matrix but often compromise ductility due to the conventional strength-ductility trade-off.In this study,a new strategy based onβ-subgrains-mediated hierarchicalα-precipitation is devised to balance the conflict in Ti-6Al-2Mo-4Cr-2Fe(wt.%)alloy through a unique combination of hot rolling,short-term solid solution,and aging treatment,i.e.,RSST+A.Tensile testing reveals that the RSST+A samples exhibit ultrahigh strength of∼1581 MPa and decent ductility of∼8.4%,surpassing∼1060 MPa and∼2.7%of the corresponding RSST counterparts without final aging treatment.This remarkable strengthening and counterintuitive ductilizing is attributed to the architecting ofβ-subgrains-mediated hierarchicalαprecipitates as a result of our specific processing approach.The designed short-term solution introduces abundantβsubgrains that are transformed from the retained intensive dislocations during hot rolling.Theβsubgrain boundaries subsequently promote a dramatic precipitation ofαallotriomorphs(αGB)and Widmanstätten side-plates(αWGB),which effectively subdividesβgrains into numerous tiny independent deformation units.Consequently,plastic strain is uniformly partitioned into a large number of small agedβsubgrains during tension,which strongly impedes strain localization that would typically occur across multipleβsubgrains in the fashion of long straight slip bands in the case of the RSST samples.Furthermore,the hierarchicalαstructure also postpones uncontrollable cracking even when structural damage occurs at the last stage of straining.These findings demonstrate that appropriately manipulating microstructure through elaborately designing processing routes enables unexpectedly ductilizing highstrength titanium alloys in the precipitation-hardening state.展开更多
The international development of the petroleum industry has posed an urgent demand for the internationalization capabilities of both academic and professional master’s students.However,there is currently a shortage o...The international development of the petroleum industry has posed an urgent demand for the internationalization capabilities of both academic and professional master’s students.However,there is currently a shortage of such talent in the petroleum energy sector,along with a lack of a collaborative training system.Based on this,this study focuses on featured disciplines in the petroleum energy sector and systematically constructs an international talent training model centered around the“five-element synergy”of“government-school-enterprise-teacher-student.”Firstly,it defines the connotations of the five-element synergy:“government(strategic guidance)-school(platform support)-enterprise(demand verification)-teacher(leading transformation)-student(practical co-creation).”Secondly,it sets distinct training objectives for academic(focusing on academic innovation)and professional(emphasizing engineering practice)master’s students.Furthermore,it constructs a“categorized and layered,progressive and collaborative”curriculum system,builds an international faculty team through a“recruitment+training”dual-path approach,and cultivates students’sense of professional mission to“contribute to the nation’s energy sector”through a“macro+micro”perspective.This model provides a practical pathway for international talent training in the petroleum energy sector and holds significant importance for enhancing the overseas competitiveness of petroleum enterprises and safeguarding national energy security.展开更多
In this study,a novel strategy for breaking the strength-ductility dilemma of Mg-1.5Zn-0.6Gd(wt%)alloy via solute segregation was reported.The hot extruded alloy sheet was subjected to rolling deformation,and then hea...In this study,a novel strategy for breaking the strength-ductility dilemma of Mg-1.5Zn-0.6Gd(wt%)alloy via solute segregation was reported.The hot extruded alloy sheet was subjected to rolling deformation,and then heat-treated at 200℃.The high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy(HAADF-STEM)reveals a remarkable segregation of solute Zn atoms along both high and lowangle grain boundaries(GBs).As compared with as-rolled plate,the yield strength,ultimate tensile strength,and the elongation of annealed sample is increased by 15.6%,14%,and 8.4%,respectively,acquiring an obvious strength-ductility synergy effect.The solute segregation endows the rolled plate with excellent grain size stability and provides a prominent extra solute cluster strengthening,which completely resists the other softening effects including dislocation annihilation and grain coarsening.Meanwhile,the directional migration of Zn atoms and the annihilation of dislocations provide a"clear"space within the grain,which is beneficial for the moving and accumulating of subsequent dislocations.This work sheds light on the solute partitioning behavior and realizes a good application of GB segregation in improving the comprehensive mechanical properties of Mg alloys.展开更多
BACKGROUND The upsurge of antibiotic resistance is a significant challenge to public health,and the dry pipeline of new antibiotics has prompted the discovery of alternative treatment approaches.Enterococcus faecalis(...BACKGROUND The upsurge of antibiotic resistance is a significant challenge to public health,and the dry pipeline of new antibiotics has prompted the discovery of alternative treatment approaches.Enterococcus faecalis(E.faecalis)isolates are often multidrugresistant,posing challenges to antibiotic therapy.Bacteriophage therapy is being explored as an alternative method to treat the growing population of antibioticresistant infections.Nevertheless,many inherent limitations of phages diminish their therapeutic utility,notably the restricted host range and quick development of mutants.The specific types and quantities of bacteriophages and antibiotics may be crucial in generating the optimal phage-antibiotic synergy.AIM To optimize the doses,order,and timing to optimize the synergy of phages and vancomycin on different bacteria states.METHODS A volume of 180μL of E.faecalis bacteria in the logarithmic growth phase,with a concentration of approximately 1×10^(8)colony forming units(CFUs)/mL,was introduced onto a microtitre plate.Subsequently,20μL of phage suspension(1×10^(6)PFUs/mL),vancomycin(16μg/mL),or a combination of both was introduced into the designated wells in the specified sequence and incubated at 37°C for 48 hours.The number of live bacteria was counted at different time points using standardized CFU counting protocols.RESULTS The biofilm model demonstrated that combining phages with vancomycin can eradicate the biofilm.Sequential therapy,involving phage application 8 hours before the antibiotic at a concentration of 108 PFUs/mL,proved the most efficient in eliminating the biofilms and killing the planktonic form of E.faecalis.CONCLUSION The combination of phageɸEFP01 at a higher concentration with a subinhibitory concentration of vancomycin yields a synergistic antibacterial outcome on E.faecalis strain resistant to vancomycin.展开更多
The synergy of single atoms(SAs)and nanoparticles(NPs)has demonstrated great potential in promoting the electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR);however,the rationalization of the SAs/NPs proportio...The synergy of single atoms(SAs)and nanoparticles(NPs)has demonstrated great potential in promoting the electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR);however,the rationalization of the SAs/NPs proportion remains one challenge for the catalyst design.Herein,a Ni2+-loaded porous poly(ionic liquids)(PIL)precursor synthesized through the free radical self-polymerization of the ionic liquid monomer,1-allyl-3-vinylimidazolium chloride,was pyrolyzed to prepare the Ni,N co-doped carbon materials,in which the proportion of Ni SAs and NPs could be facilely modulated by controlling the annealing temperature.The catalyst Ni-NC-1000 with a moderate proportion of Ni SAs and NPs exhibited high efficiency in the electrocatalytic conversion of CO_(2)into CO.Operando Ni K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure(XANES)spectra and theoretical calculations were conducted to gain insight into the synergy of Ni SAs and NPs.The charge transfer from Ni NPs to the surrounding carbon layer and then to the Ni SAs resulted in the electron-enriched Ni SAs active sites.In the electroreduction of CO_(2),the coexistence of Ni SAs and NPs strengthened the CO_(2)activation and the affinity towards the key intermediate of*COOH,lowering the free energy for the potential-determining*CO_(2)→*COOH step,and therefore promoted the catalysis efficiency.展开更多
In this work,the GW63K(Mg-6.54Gd-3.93Y-0.41Zr,wt.%)alloy wire was utilized as the feedstock material and the thin-walled component was fabricated using wire-arc additive manufacturing technology(WAAM).The microstructu...In this work,the GW63K(Mg-6.54Gd-3.93Y-0.41Zr,wt.%)alloy wire was utilized as the feedstock material and the thin-walled component was fabricated using wire-arc additive manufacturing technology(WAAM).The microstructural evolution during deposition and subsequent heat treatment was explained through multi-scale microstructural characterization techniques,and the impact of heat treatment on the strengthductility synergy of the deposited alloy was systematically compared.The results showed that the microstructure of the deposited sample was mainly composed of fine equiaxedα-Mg grains and Mg_(24)(Gd,Y)_(5) phase.The optimized solution heat treatment(450℃×2 h)had little effect on the grain size,but can effectively reduce the Mg_(24)(Gd,Y)_(5) eutectic phase on the grain boundary,resulting in a significant increase in elongation from 13.7% to 26.6%.After peak-aging treatment,the strength of the GW63K alloy increased to 370 MPa,which was significantly higher than the as-built state(267 MPa).The superior strength in this study is attributed to the refinement strengthening imparted by the fine microstructure inherited in the as-built GW63K alloy,as well as the precipitation strengthening due to the formation of dense β’precipitates with a pronounced plate-like aspect ratio.展开更多
With prolonged exposure in the human body,titanium alloy implants face challenges associated with bacterial attachment and proliferation,leading to implant failure and severe complications.Photothermal therapy(PTT)eme...With prolonged exposure in the human body,titanium alloy implants face challenges associated with bacterial attachment and proliferation,leading to implant failure and severe complications.Photothermal therapy(PTT)emerges as an efficient strategy for biofilm elimination.However,the local high temperature of PTT and incomplete bacteria ablation in low-temperature PTT pose risks of damage to normal tissues and biofilm recalcitrance,respectively.In this study,we synergistically combined photothermal therapy and chemotherapy to mildly disrupt biofilms of Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)to enhance the efficiency of biofilm ablation.The synergistic nanoplatform comprises near-infrared-light responsive con-jugated polymers,heat-sensitive liposomes,and the antibiotic daptomycin for biofilm elimination.The heat generated by conjugated polymers,stimulated with 808 nm light,alters biofilm permeability and releases antibiotics locally to eradicate biofilm.The nanoparticles exhibit biofilm dispersion activity and can effectively inhibit biofilm growth for up to 5 days.Consequently,this nanoplatform based on conjugated polymers offers a reliable method for ablating biofilms on titanium alloy implant and exhibits potential in drug-resistant clinical applications.展开更多
基金supported by Technology Project of State Grid Tianjin Electric Power Company(2024-06)“Research on hierarchical partition dynamic calculation and panoramic monitoring technology of electric power carbon emission and its application”.
文摘In the pursuit of carbon peaking and neutrality goals,multi-energy parks,as major energy consumers and carbon emitters,urgently require low-carbon operational strategies.This paper proposes an electricity-carbon synergy-driven optimization method for the low-carbon operation ofmulti-energy parks.Themethod integratesmultienergy complementary scheduling with a tiered carbon trading mechanism to balance operational security,economic efficiency,and environmental objectives.A mixed-integer linear programming model is developed to characterize the coupling relationships and dynamic behaviors of key equipment,including photovoltaic systems,ground-source heat pumps,thermal storage electric boilers,combined heat and power units,and electrical energy storage systems.Furthermore,a tiered carbon trading model is established that incorporates carbon quota allocation and tiered carbon pricing to internalize carbon costs and discourage high-emission practices.Multi-scenario comparative analyses demonstrate that the electricity-carbon synergy scenario achieves a 42.64%reduction in carbon emissions compared to economy-oriented operation,while limiting the increase in operational costs to 20.85%.The carbon-prioritized scenario further reduces emissions by 9.7%,underscoring the inhibitory effect of the tiered carbon pricing mechanism on highcarbon activities.Sensitivity analyses confirm the model’s robustness against fluctuations in energy load,uncertainty in renewable generation,and variations in carbon price.This optimization method provides theoretical support for multi-energy coordinated scheduling and carbon responsibility allocation in industrial parks,offering valuable insights for promoting green transformation initiatives.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42377326 and 42201267)National Research-Development Support Plan Projects of China(Grant No.2017YFC05054)the Fujian Provincial Water Resources Department Science and Technology Project(MSK202308)。
文摘The Guangdong,Jiangxi and Fujian(GJF)provinces,located in the subtropical region of southeastern China,is one of the national key regions for soil erosion control and ecological restoration.This region is characterized by extensive red soil development and high rainfall erosivity,making it a representative landscape for exploring the interactions between land use change(LUC)and ecosystem services(ES).Despite the recognized importance of ES in hilly regions,comprehensive assessing the impacts of LUC on ES remain limited.This study investigates five key ES:water yield,soil conservation,carbon conservation,food supply,and habitat quality in GJF region from 2000 to 2020.By applying the InVEST model and the Geodetector method,we assessed the trade-offs,synergies,and transitions among ES,identified the natural and social drivers of ES dynamics,and quantified the contribution of LUC to ES changes using the ecosystem service contribution index.The results showed that cropland and woodland were the dominant land use types.Ecological restoration efforts positively influenced ES,with synergies intensifying and trade-offs diminishing over time.Land use conversions,particularly among woodland,grassland,and cropland,exerted significant impacts on ES.In particular,the conversion of woodland to other land uses had markedly negative effects on soil conservation,carbon conservation,and habitat quality.Forest cover was identified as a major driver of ES dynamics.These findings highlight the importance of maintaining and expanding forest and grassland cover,strengthening red soil conservation,and optimizing land use structure to achieve coordinated ecological protection and socioeconomic development in the subtropical hilly regions of southern China.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52171033,52431003,U23A20574)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2242025K20004)the SEU Innovation Capability Enhancement Plan for Doctoral Students(CXJH_SEU 24148,CXJH_SEU 25036).
文摘Microwave absorption(MA)materials often face poor synergy between impedance matching and attenuation in the low-frequency range.Balancing permittivity and permeability through magnetic-dielectric synergy is a promising strategy to address this issue.To realize the synergy,herein,Sn whiskers with an in situ oxide layer served as substrates for magnetic-loss-active CoNi nanosheet growth,forming a hierarchical CoNi@SnO_(2)@Sn(CNS)heterostructure.The CNS absorber achieves a minimum reflection loss(RL_(min))value of-62.29 dB with an effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)of 2.2 GHz,covering the entire C-band with 70%absorption at only 2.61 mm thickness.The nanosheet design of CoNi enhances magnetic anisotropy to promote natural resonance,while the conductive Sn core and abundant Sn/SnO_(2) and CoNi/SnO_(2) heterointerfaces facilitate conduction loss and dielectric polarization.When composited into a thermoplastic polyurethane(TPU)matrix,the resulting CNS/TPU-2 film(20 wt%CNS)exhibits an RL_(min) value of-61.04 dB and a 2.5 GHz EAB.Its in-plane and through-plane thermal conductivities reach 2.41 and 0.51 W m^(-1) K^(-1),representing 4.1 and 2.6 times those of pure TPU films,respectively,facilitating heat dissipation from protected devices.This work provides valuable insights into magnetic-dielectric synergy for low-frequency MA of 1D metal-based materials,offering promising potential for 5G communications and flexible electronics.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.52372188)the 111 Project (No.D17007)2023 Introduction of studying abroad talent program。
文摘Aqueous zinc-ion batteries(AZIBs) have advantages including low economic cost and high safety.Nevertheless,the serious hydrogen evolution reactions(HER) and rampant growth of Zn dendrite hinder their further development.Herein,potassium acetate(KAc) additive with cation/anion synergy effect is added into the ZnSO_(4) electrolyte to effectively promote the oriented uniform Zn deposition and suppress side reactions.According to density functional theory calculation and experimental results,CH_(3)COO^(-)(Ac^(-))anions are capable of forming stronger hydrogen bonds with H_(2)O molecules,leading to an expanded electrochemical stability window,reduced the reactivity of H_(2)O,and hence suppressing HER.Meanwhile,Ac-anions can also preferentially adsorb onto the Zn anode,promoting dense deposition towards the(100) crystal plane.Besides,dissociated K^(+) ions serve as electrostatic shielding cations,which significantly promote uniform Zn deposition and prevent dendrite formation.Thus,the Zn||Zn symmetric cell demonstrates an impressive cycle lifespan of 3000 h at 1.0 m A/cm^(2).Furthermore,the Zn||MnO_(2) full battery exhibits superior stability with a capacity retention of 86.95 % at 2.0 A/g after 4000 cycles.Therefore,the cation/anion synergy effect in KAc additive offers a viable solution to address HER and hinder dendrite growth at the interface of Zn anodes.
基金financial support from the National Nature Science Foundation of China(No.52273247)the National Science and Technology Major Project of China(J2019-VI-0017-0132).
文摘Developing advanced stealth devices to cope with radar-infrared(IR)fusion detection and diverse application scenarios is increasingly demanded,which faces significant challenges due to conflicting microwave and IR cloaking mechanisms and functional integration limitations.Here,we propose a multiscale hierarchical structure design,integrating wrinkled MXene IR shielding layer and flexible Fe_(3)O_(4)@C/PDMS microwave absorption layer.The top wrinkled MXene layer induces the intensive diffuse reflection effect,shielding IR radiation signals while allowing microwave to pass through.Meanwhile,the permeable microwaves are assimilated into the bottom Fe_(3)O_(4)@C/PDMS layer via strong magneto-electric synergy.Through theoretical and experimental optimization,the assembled stealth devices realize a near-perfect stealth capability in both X-band(8–12 GHz)and long-wave infrared(8–14μm)wavelength ranges.Specifically,it delivers a radar cross-section reduction of−20 dB m^(2),a large apparent temperature modulation range(ΔT=70℃),and a low average IR emissivity of 0.35.Additionally,the optimal device demonstrates exceptional curved surface conformability,self-cleaning capability(contact angle≈129°),and abrasion resistance(recovery time≈5 s).This design strategy promotes the development of multispectral stealth technology and reinforces its applicability and durability in complex and hostile environments.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52271113,92163201)Jinyu Zhang is grateful for the Shaanxi Province Youth Innovation Team(No.22JP042)Shaanxi Province Innovation Team Project(2024RS-CXTD-58).
文摘Titanium alloys engineered in structural applications achieve ultrahigh strength primarily through precipitation strengthening of secondary α-phase(αs)during aging,while they often experience compromised ductility and toughness due to traditional strength-toughness tradeoff.In this study,we propose a novel strategy to address this conflict by introducing deformation kinks prior to conventional cold rolling(CR)and aging processes.These kinks are produced by cold forging(CF)to create macroscopic lamellar structures in β-grains,which alter strain partitioning during subsequent CR and ultimately tailor α_(s)-precipitation upon aging.As a result,an ultrafine duplex(αe+β)-structure is formed within kink interi-ors,while hierarchicalαs-precipitates are generated in the external β-matrix.This unique microstructure effectively enhances dislocation activity,promotes uniform plastic strain distribution and impedes crack propagation.Consequently,a simple Ti-V binary titanium alloy exhibits exceptional properties with ultra-high strength∼1636 MPa,decent ductility∼5.4% and appreciable fracture toughness∼36.1 MPa m^(1/2).The synergetic properties surpass those obtained through traditional CR and aging processes for the alloy and even outperform numerous multielement engineering titanium alloys reported in literature.Our findings open up a new avenue for overcoming the strength-toughness tradeoffof ultrahigh-strength titanium alloys,and also offer a facile production route towards structural materials for advanced performance.
基金support from the China Scholarship Council(No.202107000038)support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52004227,52061040,and 12222209)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No:2021M692512).
文摘This study aims to achieve a synergy of strength and ductility in magnesium-based nanocomposite materials through the design of a dual-heterostructure. Utilizing ball milling and hot extrusion, a nano-TiC/AZ61 composite featuring particle-rare coarse grain (CG) and particle-rich fine grain (FG) zones was successfully fabricated. Experimental results demonstrated that compared with the homogeneous structure, the dual-heterostructure composite achieved a significant increase in elongation by 116 % and a remarkable 165 % improvement in the strength-ductility product (SDP), while maintaining a high ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 417±4 MPa. This substantial performance enhancement is primarily attributed to the additional strain hardening induced by hetero-deformation-induced (HDI) strain hardening and crack-blunting capabilities, as elucidated by microstructural characterization and crystal plasticity finite element modeling (CPFEM). Notably, the strain hardening contribution from the CG zones at the early stage of deformation (≤ 45 % of total plastic deformation amount) is minimal but increases significantly during the subsequent deformation stages. The dislocation increment rate in CG zones (219 %) is observed to be more than double that in FG zones (95 %), attributed to the large grain size and low dislocation density in CG zones, which provide more space for dislocation storage. In addition, the aggravated deformation inhomogeneity as deformation progresses leads to an increase in geometrically necessary dislocations (GNDs) generation near the heterogeneous interface, thereby enhancing HDI hardening. Fracture mechanism analysis indicated that the cracks mainly initiate in the FG region and are effectively blunted upon their propagation to the CG region, necessitating increased energy consumption and indicating higher fracture toughness for the dual-heterostructure composites. This study validates the effectiveness of the dual-heterostructure design in magnesium-based composites, providing a novel understanding of the deformation mechanism through both experimental analysis and CPFEM, paving the way for the development of high-performance, lightweight structural materials.
基金funded by Jilin Province Science and Technology Development Plan Project,grant number 20220203163SF.
文摘With the increasing integration of large-scale distributed energy resources into the grid,traditional distribution network optimization and dispatch methods struggle to address the challenges posed by both generation and load.Accounting for these issues,this paper proposes a multi-timescale coordinated optimization dispatch method for distribution networks.First,the probability box theory was employed to determine the uncertainty intervals of generation and load forecasts,based on which,the requirements for flexibility dispatch and capacity constraints of the grid were calculated and analyzed.Subsequently,a multi-timescale optimization framework was constructed,incorporating the generation and load forecast uncertainties.This framework included optimization models for dayahead scheduling,intra-day optimization,and real-time adjustments,aiming to meet flexibility needs across different timescales and improve the economic efficiency of the grid.Furthermore,an improved soft actor-critic algorithm was introduced to enhance the uncertainty exploration capability.Utilizing a centralized training and decentralized execution framework,a multi-agent SAC network model was developed to improve the decision-making efficiency of the agents.Finally,the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method were validated using a modified IEEE-33 bus test system.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52204407)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20220595)+1 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022M723689)the Industrial Collaborative Innovation Project of Shanghai(No.XTCX-KJ-2022-2-11)。
文摘The application of machine learning in alloy design is increasingly widespread,yet traditional models still face challenges when dealing with limited datasets and complex nonlinear relationships.This work proposes an interpretable machine learning method based on data augmentation and reconstruction,excavating high-performance low-alloyed magnesium(Mg)alloys.The data augmentation technique expands the original dataset through Gaussian noise.The data reconstruction method reorganizes and transforms the original data to extract more representative features,significantly improving the model's generalization ability and prediction accuracy,with a coefficient of determination(R^(2))of 95.9%for the ultimate tensile strength(UTS)model and a R^(2)of 95.3%for the elongation-to-failure(EL)model.The correlation coefficient assisted screening(CCAS)method is proposed to filter low-alloyed target alloys.A new Mg-2.2Mn-0.4Zn-0.2Al-0.2Ca(MZAX2000,wt%)alloy is designed and extruded into bar at given processing parameters,achieving room-temperature strength-ductility synergy showing an excellent UTS of 395 MPa and a high EL of 17.9%.This is closely related to its hetero-structured characteristic in the as-extruded MZAX2000 alloy consisting of coarse grains(16%),fine grains(75%),and fiber regions(9%).Therefore,this work offers new insights into optimizing alloy compositions and processing parameters for attaining new high strong and ductile low-alloyed Mg alloys.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.92263201,51927801,and 52001160)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2020YFA0405900).
文摘A solid solution 6063 aluminium alloy features an exceptional combination of strength and ductility at 77 K.Here,the deformation mechanisms responsible for superior strength-ductility synergy and excellent strain hardening capacity at a cryogenic temperature of the alloy were comparatively investigated by insitu electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD)observations coupled with transmission electron microscopy(TEM)characterization and fracture morphologies at both 298 and 77 K.It is found that kernel average misorientation(KAM)mappings and quantified KAM in degree suggest a higher proportion of geometrically necessary dislocations(GNDs)at 77 K.The existence of orientation scatter partitions at 77 K implies the activation of multiple slip systems,which is consistent with the results of potential slip systems calculated by Taylor axes.Furthermore,dislocation tangles characterized by brief and curved dislocation cells and abundant small dimples have been observed at 77 K.This temperature-mediated activation of dislocations facilitates the increased dislocations,thus enhancing the strain hardening capacity and ductility of the alloy.This research enriches cryogenic deformation theory and provides valuable insights into the design of high-performance aluminium alloys that are suitable for cryogenic applications.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2024YFC3506900)Science and Technology Program of Tianjin(No.24ZXZSSS00460)Special Project for Technological Innovation in New Productive Forces of Modern Chinese Medicines(No.24ZXZKSY00010)。
文摘Due to its synergistic effects and reduced side effects,combination therapy has become an important strategy for treating complex diseases.In traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),the“monarch,minister,assistant,envoy”compatibilities theory provides a systematic framework for drug compatibility and has guided the formation of a large number of classic formulas.However,due to the complex compositions and diverse mechanisms of action of TCM,it is difficult to comprehensively reveal its potential synergistic patterns using traditional methods.Synergistic prediction based on molecular compatibility theory provides new ideas for identifying combinations of active compounds in TCM.Compared to resource-intensive traditional experimental methods,artificial intelligence possesses the ability to mine synergistic patterns from multi-omics and structural data,providing an efficient means for modeling and optimizing TCM combinations.This paper systematically reviews the application progress of AI in the synergistic prediction of TCM active compounds and explores the challenges and prospects of its application in modeling combination relationships,thereby contributing to the modernization of TCM theory and methodological innovation.
基金funded by the University Teachers Innovation Fund Project of Gansu Province(2025A-001)the Northwest Normal University Young Teachers'Scientific Research Ability Improvement Plan(NWNULKQN2024-20).
文摘Accurately revealing the spatial heterogeneity in the trade-offs and synergies of land use functions(LUFs)and their driving factors is imperative for advancing sustainable land utilization and optimizing land use planning.This is especially critical for ecologically vulnerable inland river basins in arid regions.However,existing methods struggle to effectively capture complex nonlinear interactions among environmental factors and their multifaceted relationships with trade-offs and synergies of LUFs,especially for the inland river basins in arid regions.Consequently,this study focused on the middle reaches of the Heihe River Basin(MHRB),an arid inland river basin in northwestern China.Using land use,socioeconomic,meteorological,and hydrological data from 2000 to 2020,we analyzed the spatiotemporal patterns of LUFs and their trade-off and synergy relationships from the perspective of production,living,ecological functions.Additionally,we employed an integrated Extreme Gradient Boosting(XGBoost)-SHapley Additive exPlanations(SHAP)framework to investigate the environmental factors influencing the spatial heterogeneity in the trade-offs and synergies of LUFs.Our findings reveal that from 2000 to 2020,the production,living,and ecological functions of land use within the MHRB exhibited an increasing trend,demonstrating a distinct spatial pattern of''high in the southwest and low in the northeast''.Significant spatial heterogeneity defined the trade-off and synergistic relationships,with trade-offs dominating human activity-intensive oasis areas,while synergies prevailed in other areas.During the study period,synergistic relationships between production and living functions and between production and ecological functions were relatively robust,whereas synergies in living-ecological functions remained weaker.Natural factors(digital elevation model(DEM),annual mean temperature,Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI),and annual precipitation)emerged as the primary factors driving the trade-offs and synergies of LUFs,followed by socioeconomic factors(population density,Gross Domestic Product(GDP),and land use intensity),while distance factors(distance to water bodies,distance to residential areas,and distance to roads)exerted minimal influence.Notably,the interactions among NDVI,annual mean temperature,DEM,and land use intensity exerted the most substantial impacts on the relationships among LUFs.This study provides novel perspectives and methodologies for unraveling the mechanisms underlying the spatial heterogeneity in the trade-offs and synergies of LUFs,offering scientific insights to inform regional land use planning and sustainable natural resource management in inland river basins in arid regions.
文摘With the continuous advancement of cancer treatment methods, plasma combined with drug therapy has garnered widespread attention as an emerging therapeutic strategy. This paper elaborates on the generation and characteristics of plasma, as well as its mechanisms of action on cancer cells when used alone, including the production of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, and damage to cancer cell membranes, and organelles. It emphasizes the synergistic mechanisms observed when plasma is combined with various anticancer drugs (e.g., chemotherapeutic agents, targeted drugs, and immunotherapies). The analysis focuses on enhancing drug uptake, promoting the activation of drug action targets, and improving the tumor microenvironment. These insights provide a theoretical basis for optimizing plasma-drug combination therapy for cancer.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52271113 and 92163201)the Key programme of National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52431001 and 52431006)+1 种基金Jinyu Zhang is grateful for the Shaanxi Province Youth Innovation Team(No.22JP042)the Shaanxi Province Innovation Team Project(No.2024RS-CXTD-58).
文摘Titanium alloys can achieve ultrahigh strength through precipitation hardening of secondaryα-phase(αs)fromβ-matrix but often compromise ductility due to the conventional strength-ductility trade-off.In this study,a new strategy based onβ-subgrains-mediated hierarchicalα-precipitation is devised to balance the conflict in Ti-6Al-2Mo-4Cr-2Fe(wt.%)alloy through a unique combination of hot rolling,short-term solid solution,and aging treatment,i.e.,RSST+A.Tensile testing reveals that the RSST+A samples exhibit ultrahigh strength of∼1581 MPa and decent ductility of∼8.4%,surpassing∼1060 MPa and∼2.7%of the corresponding RSST counterparts without final aging treatment.This remarkable strengthening and counterintuitive ductilizing is attributed to the architecting ofβ-subgrains-mediated hierarchicalαprecipitates as a result of our specific processing approach.The designed short-term solution introduces abundantβsubgrains that are transformed from the retained intensive dislocations during hot rolling.Theβsubgrain boundaries subsequently promote a dramatic precipitation ofαallotriomorphs(αGB)and Widmanstätten side-plates(αWGB),which effectively subdividesβgrains into numerous tiny independent deformation units.Consequently,plastic strain is uniformly partitioned into a large number of small agedβsubgrains during tension,which strongly impedes strain localization that would typically occur across multipleβsubgrains in the fashion of long straight slip bands in the case of the RSST samples.Furthermore,the hierarchicalαstructure also postpones uncontrollable cracking even when structural damage occurs at the last stage of straining.These findings demonstrate that appropriately manipulating microstructure through elaborately designing processing routes enables unexpectedly ductilizing highstrength titanium alloys in the precipitation-hardening state.
基金Key Project of Postgraduate Education and Teaching Reform and Research at Southwest Petroleum University(2022JG003)Degree and Postgraduate Education Research Project at Association of Chinese Graduate Education(2020MSA346)+1 种基金Sichuan Provincial Society for Degree and Graduate Education(2023YB0406)Higher Education Teaching Reform Research Project at Southwest Petroleum University(X2021JGYB003)。
文摘The international development of the petroleum industry has posed an urgent demand for the internationalization capabilities of both academic and professional master’s students.However,there is currently a shortage of such talent in the petroleum energy sector,along with a lack of a collaborative training system.Based on this,this study focuses on featured disciplines in the petroleum energy sector and systematically constructs an international talent training model centered around the“five-element synergy”of“government-school-enterprise-teacher-student.”Firstly,it defines the connotations of the five-element synergy:“government(strategic guidance)-school(platform support)-enterprise(demand verification)-teacher(leading transformation)-student(practical co-creation).”Secondly,it sets distinct training objectives for academic(focusing on academic innovation)and professional(emphasizing engineering practice)master’s students.Furthermore,it constructs a“categorized and layered,progressive and collaborative”curriculum system,builds an international faculty team through a“recruitment+training”dual-path approach,and cultivates students’sense of professional mission to“contribute to the nation’s energy sector”through a“macro+micro”perspective.This model provides a practical pathway for international talent training in the petroleum energy sector and holds significant importance for enhancing the overseas competitiveness of petroleum enterprises and safeguarding national energy security.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52301041)Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Projects(Qingnian No.2024-123)the Special Fund for Special Posts of Guizhou University(2023-26,2023-53)。
文摘In this study,a novel strategy for breaking the strength-ductility dilemma of Mg-1.5Zn-0.6Gd(wt%)alloy via solute segregation was reported.The hot extruded alloy sheet was subjected to rolling deformation,and then heat-treated at 200℃.The high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy(HAADF-STEM)reveals a remarkable segregation of solute Zn atoms along both high and lowangle grain boundaries(GBs).As compared with as-rolled plate,the yield strength,ultimate tensile strength,and the elongation of annealed sample is increased by 15.6%,14%,and 8.4%,respectively,acquiring an obvious strength-ductility synergy effect.The solute segregation endows the rolled plate with excellent grain size stability and provides a prominent extra solute cluster strengthening,which completely resists the other softening effects including dislocation annihilation and grain coarsening.Meanwhile,the directional migration of Zn atoms and the annihilation of dislocations provide a"clear"space within the grain,which is beneficial for the moving and accumulating of subsequent dislocations.This work sheds light on the solute partitioning behavior and realizes a good application of GB segregation in improving the comprehensive mechanical properties of Mg alloys.
文摘BACKGROUND The upsurge of antibiotic resistance is a significant challenge to public health,and the dry pipeline of new antibiotics has prompted the discovery of alternative treatment approaches.Enterococcus faecalis(E.faecalis)isolates are often multidrugresistant,posing challenges to antibiotic therapy.Bacteriophage therapy is being explored as an alternative method to treat the growing population of antibioticresistant infections.Nevertheless,many inherent limitations of phages diminish their therapeutic utility,notably the restricted host range and quick development of mutants.The specific types and quantities of bacteriophages and antibiotics may be crucial in generating the optimal phage-antibiotic synergy.AIM To optimize the doses,order,and timing to optimize the synergy of phages and vancomycin on different bacteria states.METHODS A volume of 180μL of E.faecalis bacteria in the logarithmic growth phase,with a concentration of approximately 1×10^(8)colony forming units(CFUs)/mL,was introduced onto a microtitre plate.Subsequently,20μL of phage suspension(1×10^(6)PFUs/mL),vancomycin(16μg/mL),or a combination of both was introduced into the designated wells in the specified sequence and incubated at 37°C for 48 hours.The number of live bacteria was counted at different time points using standardized CFU counting protocols.RESULTS The biofilm model demonstrated that combining phages with vancomycin can eradicate the biofilm.Sequential therapy,involving phage application 8 hours before the antibiotic at a concentration of 108 PFUs/mL,proved the most efficient in eliminating the biofilms and killing the planktonic form of E.faecalis.CONCLUSION The combination of phageɸEFP01 at a higher concentration with a subinhibitory concentration of vancomycin yields a synergistic antibacterial outcome on E.faecalis strain resistant to vancomycin.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(grants 22072065,22178162,and 22222806)Distinguished Youth Foundation of Jiangsu Province(grant BK20220053)Six talent peaks project in Jiangsu Province(grant JNHB-035)。
文摘The synergy of single atoms(SAs)and nanoparticles(NPs)has demonstrated great potential in promoting the electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR);however,the rationalization of the SAs/NPs proportion remains one challenge for the catalyst design.Herein,a Ni2+-loaded porous poly(ionic liquids)(PIL)precursor synthesized through the free radical self-polymerization of the ionic liquid monomer,1-allyl-3-vinylimidazolium chloride,was pyrolyzed to prepare the Ni,N co-doped carbon materials,in which the proportion of Ni SAs and NPs could be facilely modulated by controlling the annealing temperature.The catalyst Ni-NC-1000 with a moderate proportion of Ni SAs and NPs exhibited high efficiency in the electrocatalytic conversion of CO_(2)into CO.Operando Ni K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure(XANES)spectra and theoretical calculations were conducted to gain insight into the synergy of Ni SAs and NPs.The charge transfer from Ni NPs to the surrounding carbon layer and then to the Ni SAs resulted in the electron-enriched Ni SAs active sites.In the electroreduction of CO_(2),the coexistence of Ni SAs and NPs strengthened the CO_(2)activation and the affinity towards the key intermediate of*COOH,lowering the free energy for the potential-determining*CO_(2)→*COOH step,and therefore promoted the catalysis efficiency.
基金Supported by the Industrial Collaborative Innovation Project of Shanghai(Grant No XTCX-KJ-2022-2-11)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No52073176)。
文摘In this work,the GW63K(Mg-6.54Gd-3.93Y-0.41Zr,wt.%)alloy wire was utilized as the feedstock material and the thin-walled component was fabricated using wire-arc additive manufacturing technology(WAAM).The microstructural evolution during deposition and subsequent heat treatment was explained through multi-scale microstructural characterization techniques,and the impact of heat treatment on the strengthductility synergy of the deposited alloy was systematically compared.The results showed that the microstructure of the deposited sample was mainly composed of fine equiaxedα-Mg grains and Mg_(24)(Gd,Y)_(5) phase.The optimized solution heat treatment(450℃×2 h)had little effect on the grain size,but can effectively reduce the Mg_(24)(Gd,Y)_(5) eutectic phase on the grain boundary,resulting in a significant increase in elongation from 13.7% to 26.6%.After peak-aging treatment,the strength of the GW63K alloy increased to 370 MPa,which was significantly higher than the as-built state(267 MPa).The superior strength in this study is attributed to the refinement strengthening imparted by the fine microstructure inherited in the as-built GW63K alloy,as well as the precipitation strengthening due to the formation of dense β’precipitates with a pronounced plate-like aspect ratio.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2023YFE0105200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21905072,22077025,22207029,U20A20260)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(Nos.B2020202086,B2023202024,B2021202041,B2020202062)the Financial Support Project of Central Government for Promoting Development of Science and Technology of Hebei Province(No.236Z2705G)the Excellent Young Scientist Fund of the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(No.B2022202027)the Science Research Project of Hebei Education Department(No.ZD2021032).
文摘With prolonged exposure in the human body,titanium alloy implants face challenges associated with bacterial attachment and proliferation,leading to implant failure and severe complications.Photothermal therapy(PTT)emerges as an efficient strategy for biofilm elimination.However,the local high temperature of PTT and incomplete bacteria ablation in low-temperature PTT pose risks of damage to normal tissues and biofilm recalcitrance,respectively.In this study,we synergistically combined photothermal therapy and chemotherapy to mildly disrupt biofilms of Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus)to enhance the efficiency of biofilm ablation.The synergistic nanoplatform comprises near-infrared-light responsive con-jugated polymers,heat-sensitive liposomes,and the antibiotic daptomycin for biofilm elimination.The heat generated by conjugated polymers,stimulated with 808 nm light,alters biofilm permeability and releases antibiotics locally to eradicate biofilm.The nanoparticles exhibit biofilm dispersion activity and can effectively inhibit biofilm growth for up to 5 days.Consequently,this nanoplatform based on conjugated polymers offers a reliable method for ablating biofilms on titanium alloy implant and exhibits potential in drug-resistant clinical applications.
