Technology advancement has ensured a better means of livelihood essentially in certain parts of West Africa, specifically Nigeria, where the climate is predominantly hot in most parts throughout the year. Air-conditio...Technology advancement has ensured a better means of livelihood essentially in certain parts of West Africa, specifically Nigeria, where the climate is predominantly hot in most parts throughout the year. Air-conditioning has reduced the harshness of indoor discomforts to the barest minimum. It is no more uncommon to find it regularly in use in most homes and offices. Currently, the economy has the centrality of its power supply hinged on generator plants. The enigma of the current situation is how this alternative problem has catastrophic after effects on the environment. This and many more add up to the greatest of all the threats now evading our environment and the world -- Global warming. The threat of Global warming is real and the need to find less environmentally destructive sources of energy cannot be overemphasized. This paper is a contribution towards energy saving in buildings through the reduction of solar radiation incident on buildings. Sustainable Building calls for an integrated planning approach for operating buildings economically, substantially reducing their impact on the environment by reducing energy/power consumption, amongst others, and enhancing the well-being of their inhabitants. Only buildings that reconcile all of the above factors are fit for the future. A case study of the CMS （Catholic Mission School） Book Shop house in Lagos was carried out. The methodology involved the use of a solar chart and shadow angle protractor to determine the overheated periods represented by the shading masks and data collected. From this analysis, it was decided to accept the use of external sun shading and preliminary designs and specifications were prepared by the architects. The use of external solar screens made a saving of up to 75% of the energy input which would otherwise have been required by air-conditioning.展开更多
The screen-printed nanoporous TiO2 thin film was employed to fabricate dye-sensitized solid-state solar cells using CuI as hole-transport materials. The solar cell based on nanoporous TiO2 thin film with large pores f...The screen-printed nanoporous TiO2 thin film was employed to fabricate dye-sensitized solid-state solar cells using CuI as hole-transport materials. The solar cell based on nanoporous TiO2 thin film with large pores formed by the addition of polystyrene balls with diameter of 200 nm to the TiO2 paste exhibits photovoltaic performance enhancement, which is attributed to the good contact of CuI with surface of dye-sensitized thin film due to easy penetration of CuI in the film with large pores.展开更多
Owing to unique advantages of patternability and high substrate compatibility,screen-printing allows for the fabrication of flexible perovskite solar cells(f-PSCs)with designable device patterns,while the defective an...Owing to unique advantages of patternability and high substrate compatibility,screen-printing allows for the fabrication of flexible perovskite solar cells(f-PSCs)with designable device patterns,while the defective and fragile contact at the buried interface seriously restricted the device performance.Herein,a series of siloxane coupling agents(SCAs)with different ending groups i.e.,-SH,-NH_(2),and-CN were incorporated at the SnO_(2)/perovskite interface,which can selectively interact with MA+and Pb^(2+)via hydrogen and coordination bonding,respectively.It was revealed that the selection of(3-Cyanopropyl)Triethoxysilane(CN-PTES)can regulate perovskite crystallization with accelerated nucleation and retarded crystal growth,leading to improved crystallinity with released residual lattice strain.Moreover,the incorporated CN-PTES aligned the energy structure of the underlying SnO_(2)and boosted the interfacial adhesion between perovskite and SnO_(2),resulting in facilitated electron extraction and enhanced interfacial fracture energy.Consequently,the first screen-printed f-PSCs with improved mechanical resistance were finally obtained.展开更多
文摘Technology advancement has ensured a better means of livelihood essentially in certain parts of West Africa, specifically Nigeria, where the climate is predominantly hot in most parts throughout the year. Air-conditioning has reduced the harshness of indoor discomforts to the barest minimum. It is no more uncommon to find it regularly in use in most homes and offices. Currently, the economy has the centrality of its power supply hinged on generator plants. The enigma of the current situation is how this alternative problem has catastrophic after effects on the environment. This and many more add up to the greatest of all the threats now evading our environment and the world -- Global warming. The threat of Global warming is real and the need to find less environmentally destructive sources of energy cannot be overemphasized. This paper is a contribution towards energy saving in buildings through the reduction of solar radiation incident on buildings. Sustainable Building calls for an integrated planning approach for operating buildings economically, substantially reducing their impact on the environment by reducing energy/power consumption, amongst others, and enhancing the well-being of their inhabitants. Only buildings that reconcile all of the above factors are fit for the future. A case study of the CMS （Catholic Mission School） Book Shop house in Lagos was carried out. The methodology involved the use of a solar chart and shadow angle protractor to determine the overheated periods represented by the shading masks and data collected. From this analysis, it was decided to accept the use of external sun shading and preliminary designs and specifications were prepared by the architects. The use of external solar screens made a saving of up to 75% of the energy input which would otherwise have been required by air-conditioning.
基金the financial support of this work by the Major State Basic Research Development Program(No.2006CB202605)High-Tech Research and Development of China Program(No.2007AA05Z439)+1 种基金the National Nature Science Foundation of China(No.50221201)Innovative Foundation of the Center for Molecular Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.CMS-CX200718).
文摘The screen-printed nanoporous TiO2 thin film was employed to fabricate dye-sensitized solid-state solar cells using CuI as hole-transport materials. The solar cell based on nanoporous TiO2 thin film with large pores formed by the addition of polystyrene balls with diameter of 200 nm to the TiO2 paste exhibits photovoltaic performance enhancement, which is attributed to the good contact of CuI with surface of dye-sensitized thin film due to easy penetration of CuI in the film with large pores.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(22425903,U24A20568,61705102,62288102,22409091,22409090 and 62205142)the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFB4204500,2020YFA07099003)+1 种基金the Jiangsu Provincial Departments of Science and Technology(BK20241875,BE2022023,BK20220010,and BZ2023060)the Excellent Doctoral Dissertation Cultivation Program of Nanjing Tech University(2023-02).
文摘Owing to unique advantages of patternability and high substrate compatibility,screen-printing allows for the fabrication of flexible perovskite solar cells(f-PSCs)with designable device patterns,while the defective and fragile contact at the buried interface seriously restricted the device performance.Herein,a series of siloxane coupling agents(SCAs)with different ending groups i.e.,-SH,-NH_(2),and-CN were incorporated at the SnO_(2)/perovskite interface,which can selectively interact with MA+and Pb^(2+)via hydrogen and coordination bonding,respectively.It was revealed that the selection of(3-Cyanopropyl)Triethoxysilane(CN-PTES)can regulate perovskite crystallization with accelerated nucleation and retarded crystal growth,leading to improved crystallinity with released residual lattice strain.Moreover,the incorporated CN-PTES aligned the energy structure of the underlying SnO_(2)and boosted the interfacial adhesion between perovskite and SnO_(2),resulting in facilitated electron extraction and enhanced interfacial fracture energy.Consequently,the first screen-printed f-PSCs with improved mechanical resistance were finally obtained.
