The potential of the vertical-horizontal well hybrid SAGD technique for developing shallow heavy oil reservoirs is gradually being realized.However,challenges remain in terms of low thermal efficiency and high carbon ...The potential of the vertical-horizontal well hybrid SAGD technique for developing shallow heavy oil reservoirs is gradually being realized.However,challenges remain in terms of low thermal efficiency and high carbon emissions in reservoirs with interlayers.Currently,there is limited research on the low-carbon strategy of coupling exhaust gas from steam boilers with the VH-SAGD technique.Herein,considering heterogeneity,a series of flue gas-assisted VH-SAGD experiments were conducted employing a high-performance 2D visualization model.The mechanism of enhanced recovery of flue gas in VH-SAGD and the effect of its injection methods were studied,with a focus on steam chamber development and oil saturation distribution.Crucially,the interlayer length was optimized to enhance oil recovery,providing a new perspective for well location design in heavy oil reservoirs with interlayers.The results showed that flue gas,as an additive,could fully exploit the well-type advantage of VH-SAGD.By supplementing energy at the reservoir top,flue gas effectively promoted steam chamber development,expanded the oil drainage area of VH-SAGD,and increased the oil recovery from 58.9%to 71.7%.The flow channels formed by pre-injection flue gas accelerated the early-stage expansion of the steam chamber while also inducing lateral migration of steam,slowing steam rise,and consequently increasing the heating range within the low-permeability layer.When the distance between the vertical and horizontal wells was set to twice the interlayer length,the negative effects of the interlayer were more effectively turned into advantages.Because when the lateral development distance of the steam chamber in the low-permeability layer slightly exceeds the interlayer,enhanced heating of the lower part of the reservoir occurred through vertical convection of rising steam and returning condensate.The research results contribute to reducing carbon emissions from steam-based heavy oil extraction while advancing the maturity of VH-SAGD.展开更多
Buried coastal sandstones would be of high-quality hydrocarbon reservoirs.Controlled by deposition and diagenesis,coastal sandstones mixed with muddy and calcareous materials are usually low in porosity and permeabili...Buried coastal sandstones would be of high-quality hydrocarbon reservoirs.Controlled by deposition and diagenesis,coastal sandstones mixed with muddy and calcareous materials are usually low in porosity and permeability and small in layer thickness.These impermeable inte rlayers act as baffles and barriers between flow units and are crucial in hydrocarbon development.Donghe Sandstone in the Hade Oilfield of Tarim Basin,NW China,belongs to coastal clastic reservoirs of high oil productivity.Following nearly 30 years of development,the distribution of remaining hydrocarbon resources is affected by the muddy,calcareous,and marlaceous interlayers.Taking the Donghe Sandstone as an example,a quantitative recognition method of interlayers in coastal sandstone reservoirs is proposed in this paper.Based on cores from 26 wells,the sensitive conventional log curves of different interlayers,namely the natural gamma-ray(GR),density(DEN),compensated neutron(CNL),and acoustic(AC),are extracted by the Extreme Gradient Boosting(XGBoost).Multi-mineral model(MMM)is used to calculate continuous curves for muddy,sandy,and calcareous contents by the mentioned sensitive logs.A set of quantitative standard system is established for identifying muddy,calcareous,and marlaceous interlayers based on their respective contents.The types of inte rlayers are identified across all vertical wells.The interlayers exhibit lateral continuity at the top of each bed-set.Interlayers are currently more developed in the slope region than in the coastal region.Muddy and marlaceous interlayers are more developed at high relative sea-level,while calcareous interlayers are more developed at low relative sea-level.The extended interlayers at the top of BS6 lead to two different oil-water contacts in the Donghe Sandstone.The proposed quantitative recognition method for interlayers provides valuable insights into the exploitation potential of petroleum systems in the Donghe Sandstone of the Hade Oilfield.The flexible and easy-to-use method can be applied to other marine sandstone reservoirs or similar formations.展开更多
Weak interlayers play a crucial role in the seismic performance of bedding slopes;however,the effects of structural surface development within these layers remain underexplored.This study presents two scaled models of...Weak interlayers play a crucial role in the seismic performance of bedding slopes;however,the effects of structural surface development within these layers remain underexplored.This study presents two scaled models of bedding slopes,each with different weak interlayers:one with a homogeneous weak layer and another with discontinuous interfaces.Shaking table tests were conducted to compare their seismic performance.The results show that the peak ground acceleration(PGA)values above the weak interlayer in model A were significantly higher than those in model B,with the differences increasing as the input wave amplitude increased.The peak earth pressure(PEP)values at the tensile failure boundary at the rear edge of model A were also higher,whereas those within the weak layer at the toe of model A were lower than those in model B.Deformation analysis revealed that the maximum principal strain in model A initially appeared at the upper part of the tensile failure boundary,while the maximum shear strain was concentrated near the rear edge within the weak layer.In contrast,model B exhibited the opposite strain distribution.These findings provide insight into the impact of weak interlayers on the dynamic response and deformation of bedding slopes,highlighting the importance of considering this factor in seismic landslide investigations and failure mode predictions.展开更多
Herein,3‑aminopropyltriethoxysilane(APTES)was used to modify F‑containing silica slag(SS)by simple grafting and served as a multifunctional barrier layer.The amino group(—NH2)in the amino‑modified SS(NH2‑SS)forms lig...Herein,3‑aminopropyltriethoxysilane(APTES)was used to modify F‑containing silica slag(SS)by simple grafting and served as a multifunctional barrier layer.The amino group(—NH2)in the amino‑modified SS(NH2‑SS)forms ligand bonds or hydrogen bonds with sulfur ions in lithium polysulfides(LiPSs),thus inhibiting the shuttle effect.Electrochemical analyses demonstrated that lithium‑sulfur(Li‑S)batteries employing the NH2‑SS interlayer exhibited discharge specific capacities of 1048 and 789 mAh·g^(-1) at 0.2C and 2C,respectively,and even at 4C,the initial discharge specific capacity remained at 590 mAh·g^(-1),outperforming the Li‑S battery with unmodified SS as the interlayer.展开更多
0 INTRODUCTION During the geological evolution process,tectonic activities coupled with anthropogenic engineering disturbances have collectively contributed to the development of complex fracture-filling networks with...0 INTRODUCTION During the geological evolution process,tectonic activities coupled with anthropogenic engineering disturbances have collectively contributed to the development of complex fracture-filling networks within rock masses(Feng et al.,2024;Tan et al.,2020;Li et al.,2019).The particle size distribution of infilling materials within fractures is susceptible to multiple controlling factors,including material composition,seepage-induced erosion,and tectonic disturbances(Zhang et al.,2024;Tan et al.,2023).展开更多
NaCu_(0.2)Fe_(0.3)Mn_(0.5)O_(2) (NCFM) cathode material was synthesized using a simple solid-state reaction, and the effect of calcination temperature on its interlayer spacing and oxygen vacancies concentration was i...NaCu_(0.2)Fe_(0.3)Mn_(0.5)O_(2) (NCFM) cathode material was synthesized using a simple solid-state reaction, and the effect of calcination temperature on its interlayer spacing and oxygen vacancies concentration was investigated. Through electrochemical testing and material characterizations, higher calcination temperatures increase the electrostatic repulsion between oxygen atoms in adjacent layers, resulting in an expansion of Na layer spacing. This structural change enhances the diffusion kinetics of Na^(+), thereby significantly improving the rate performance of NCFM. Furthermore, elevated calcination temperatures facilitate the reduction of oxygen vacancies, leading to improved crystallinity. This enhancement in crystallinity mitigates structural strain during phase transitions, contributing to improved cyclic stability. Consequently, the optimized NCFM shows an initial discharge specific capacity of 143.3 mA·h/g at 0.1C, with a capacity retention rate of 79.28% after 100 cycles at 1C.展开更多
Driven by the trend of device miniaturization and high-density integration,the interaction between adjacent electrodes has become a critical factor affecting the interfacial reliability of thermoelectric(TE)structures...Driven by the trend of device miniaturization and high-density integration,the interaction between adjacent electrodes has become a critical factor affecting the interfacial reliability of thermoelectric(TE)structures.This study investigates the influence of adjoining electrode interactions on the interfacial response of a multi-electrode/TE substrate structure,including interfacial stresses and stress intensity factors at the electrode ends.To solve the corresponding boundary-value problem,the Fourier transforms are adopted to derive a governing integro-differential equation for the interfacial shear stress in multi-electrode systems,incorporating the TE effects as generalized forces on the right-hand side.The results show that both the interfacial tension and transverse stress in the electrodes are significantly affected by the presence of adjacent electrodes.The interaction between neighboring electrodes diminishes as their spacing increases or when an adhesive interlayer is introduced.Furthermore,the softer and thinner electrodes,the softer and thicker adhesive interlayer,and the smaller TE loads are found to be beneficial for improving the interfacial performance.These findings may contribute to the accurate measurement in surface sensors and layout design of multi-point health monitoring systems for TE structures.展开更多
Lithium metal batteries(LMBs)have attracted huge attention due to super-high capacity and low reduction potential of lithium anode constructing high-energy/power density.However,the practical application of LMBs is si...Lithium metal batteries(LMBs)have attracted huge attention due to super-high capacity and low reduction potential of lithium anode constructing high-energy/power density.However,the practical application of LMBs is significantly constrained by lithium dendrite growth and high reactivity of lithium anode.Herein,a novel functionalized interlayer that SbF3 is tandem on HKUST-1 skeleton forming favorable Sb-terminated groups structure(HKSF@PE),which were proposed and fabricated to construct highly stable LMBs.Theoretical calculations demonstrate that the Sb-terminated groups structure in this configuration display strong interaction with lithium,which can act as a cation receptor and adsorption sites,thereby promoting lithium-ion desolvation and improving lithium-ion transport kinetics.Meanwhile,in-situ XRD,Raman,and DRT analyses indicate that the HKSF assist the formation of LiF-rich and lithiophilic Li3Sb alloys at SEI/Li interface,regulating lithium depo-sition morphology and reconstructing a reinforced SEI interlayer.Consequently,Li|HKSF@PE|Li symmetric cell exhibits exceptional stability over 2500 h at 2 mA cm^(-2) with 1 mAh cm^(-2),and Li|HKSF@PE|LFP full cell demonstrates a high-capacity retention of 92.0%after 220 cycles even at a high rate of 5C.This work reveals the important role of terminated groups to achieve homogeneous lithium deposition and provide a way to construct stable LMBs.展开更多
A thorny problem in the miscible Ti/Fe system is the unavoidable formation of numerous brittle intermetallic compounds(IMCs).Adding H62 interlayer is an essential method to reduce the brittle IMCs or decrease the brit...A thorny problem in the miscible Ti/Fe system is the unavoidable formation of numerous brittle intermetallic compounds(IMCs).Adding H62 interlayer is an essential method to reduce the brittle IMCs or decrease the brittleness.A joint with good formability and tensile properties was obtained.The microstructure and element distribution of the joint were observed by metallographic microscopy,scanning electron microscopy and electron probe microanalysis.The shear resistance exhibited an initial increase,followed by a subsequent decrease,with an increase in heat input.It reached a maximum value of 2470 N at a welding energy of 267 kJ/m.The Fe-Ti brittle IMCs in TC4/DP780 joints are replaced by Fe-Cu phase and Cu-Ti phase,which reduces the brittleness at TC4/DP780 interface.The results show that the TC4/DP780 joint forms numerousα-Cu andγ-Fe solid solutions through the mutual diffusion and solid solution between H62 and TC4 layers of metals,which effectively inhibits the diffusion of Ti atoms and reduces the formation of brittle Ti-Fe IMCs.At the H62/TC4 interface,a composite layer composed of Cu-Ti IMCs and Cu-based solid solutions is formed.The composite layer grows dendritically from the TC4 alloy to the H62 interlayer.The microstructure at the TC4/DP780 interface changes from fine dendrites to coarse dendrites with the increase in Ti content and heat input.When the heat input is lower,the interfacial elements do not react sufficiently.When the heat input is excessive,microcracks appear at the TC4/DP780 interface,which limits the improvement of mechanical properties of TC4/DP780 joint.展开更多
Based on the Smit-Suhl formula,we propose a universal approach for solving the magnon-magnon coupling problem in bilayer coupled systems(e.g.,antiferromagnets).This method requires only the energy expression,enabling ...Based on the Smit-Suhl formula,we propose a universal approach for solving the magnon-magnon coupling problem in bilayer coupled systems(e.g.,antiferromagnets).This method requires only the energy expression,enabling the automatic derivation of analytical expressions for the eigenmatrix elements via symbolic computation,eliminating the need for tedious manual calculations.Using this approach,we investigate the impact of magnetic hysteresis on magnon-magnon coupling in a system with interlayer Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction(DMI).The magnetic hysteresis leads to an asymmetric magnetic field dependence of the resonance frequency and alters the number of degeneracy points between the pure optical and acoustic modes.Moreover,it can result in the coupling strength at the gap of the f–H phase diagram being nearly vanishing,contrary to the conventionally expected maximum.These results deepen the understanding of the effect of interlayer DMI on magnon–magnon coupling and the proposed universal method significantly streamlines the solving process of magnon–magnon coupling problems.展开更多
Amorphous Si O2（a-Si O2） films were synthesized on WC-Co substrates with H2 and tetraethoxysilane（TEOS） via pyrolysis of molecular precursor.X-ray diffraction（XRD） pattern shows that silicon-cobalt compounds for...Amorphous Si O2（a-Si O2） films were synthesized on WC-Co substrates with H2 and tetraethoxysilane（TEOS） via pyrolysis of molecular precursor.X-ray diffraction（XRD） pattern shows that silicon-cobalt compounds form at the interface between a-Si O2 films and WC-Co substrates.Moreover,it is observed by transmission electron microscope（TEM） that the a-Si O2 films are composed of hollow mirco-spheroid a-Si O2 particles.Subsequently,the a-Si O2 films are used as intermediate films and chemical vapor deposition（CVD） diamond films are deposited on them.Indentation tests were performed to evaluate the adhesion of bi-layer（a-Si O2 ＋ diamond） films on cemented carbide substrates.And the cutting performance of bi-layer（a-Si O2 ＋ diamond） coated inserts was evaluated by machining the glass fiber reinforced plastic（GFRP）.The results show that a-Si O2 interlayers can greatly improve the adhesive strength of diamond films on cemented carbide inserts;furthermore,thickness of the a-Si O2 interlayers plays a significant role in their effectiveness on adhesion enhancement of diamond films.展开更多
Terminal fans have formed the sedimentary system of the 2＋3 sands of the upper second member, Shahejie formation in the west of the Pucheng Oilfield, Bohai Bay Basin, East China. Based on well logging data and physic...Terminal fans have formed the sedimentary system of the 2＋3 sands of the upper second member, Shahejie formation in the west of the Pucheng Oilfield, Bohai Bay Basin, East China. Based on well logging data and physical properties of the reservoir beds, the 2＋3 sands were divided into 16 sublayers. The heterogeneity of reservoir beds and distribution of interlayers and seal layers in the 2＋3 sands were investigated. The intra-layer heterogeneity and inter-layer heterogeneity primarily belong to the severely heterogeneous classification. The spatial differentiation of sedimentary microfacies resulted in a change of reservoir bed heterogeneity, strong in the middle and southern parts, weak in the northern part. Spatial distribution of interlayers and seal layers is dominated by sedimentary microfacies, and they are thick in north-eastern and middle parts, thin in the south-western part.展开更多
In this research,2205/Q235 B clad plates were prepared by a vacuum hot rolling composite process.The effects of adding Fe,Ni,and Nb interlayers on the bonding interface structures and the shear strengths of the clad s...In this research,2205/Q235 B clad plates were prepared by a vacuum hot rolling composite process.The effects of adding Fe,Ni,and Nb interlayers on the bonding interface structures and the shear strengths of the clad steel plates were studied.The results showed that 2205 duplex stainless steel and the three interlayers produced a large amount of plastic deformation and low-angle boundaries,and the main structures were the recrystallized and deformed grains.There were many recrystallized grains in the microstructure of the Q235 B low-carbon steel due to the low deformation in the rolling process.The Fe interlayer had better wettability with the two kinds of steel,but the lower strength led to the reduction of shear strength by about14 MPa compared with the original clad steel plate.The C element in the Q235 B low-carbon steel easily diffused into the Fe interlayer,and the clad steel plate attained a poor corrosion resistance because a large decarburization area was formed.The Nb interlayer reacted with the Mo element in the 2205 duplex stainless steel to form an Nb-Mo binary alloy,which generated long-banded ferrite.The decarburization area was also produced because the Nb reacted with the C element in the Q235 B to form hard and brittle NbCx.As a result,the shear strength was significantly reduced by about 282 MPa,and the corrosion resistance of the bonding surface was deteriorated.The Ni interlayer did not react with the alloy elements in both sides,and therefore effectively prevented element diffusion and improved the corrosion resistance of the bonding surface.Due to the low strength of the Ni interlayer and the increased number of bonding surfaces of the clad steel plates,the shear strength was reduced to some extent(about 40 MPa),but it still met the engineering application standards.展开更多
Aluminum 5052(Al 5052)-stainless steel 316(SS 316)plates were explosively cladded with Al 1100,pure copper and SS 304 interlayers.The operational parameters viz.,standoff distance,explosive mass ratio(mass ratio of th...Aluminum 5052(Al 5052)-stainless steel 316(SS 316)plates were explosively cladded with Al 1100,pure copper and SS 304 interlayers.The operational parameters viz.,standoff distance,explosive mass ratio(mass ratio of the explosive to the flyer plate)and inclination angle were varied and the results were presented.The advent of interlayer relocates the lower boundary of the welding window,and enhances the welding regime by 40%.A triaxial welding window,considering the influence of the third operational parameter,was developed as well.Use of interlayer transforms the continuous molten layer formed in the traditional Al 5052-SS 316 explosive clad interfaces into a smooth interface devoid or with a slender presence of intermetallic compounds.The microhardness,ram tensile and shear strengths of the interlayered clads are higher than those of the traditional explosive clads,and the maximum values are witnessed for stainless steel interlaced Al 5052-SS 316 explosive clads.展开更多
Ore particles,especially fine interlayers,commonly segregate in heap stacking,leading to undesirable flow paths and changeable flow velocity fields of packed beds.Computed tomography(CT),COMSOL Multiphysics,and MATLAB...Ore particles,especially fine interlayers,commonly segregate in heap stacking,leading to undesirable flow paths and changeable flow velocity fields of packed beds.Computed tomography(CT),COMSOL Multiphysics,and MATLAB were utilized to quantify pore structures and visualize flow behavior inside packed beds with segregated fine interlayers.The formation of fine interlayers was accompanied with the segregation of particles in packed beds.Fine particles reached the upper position of the packed beds during stacking.CT revealed that the average porosity of fine interlayers(24.21%)was significantly lower than that of the heap packed by coarse ores(37.42%),which directly affected the formation of flow paths.Specifically,the potential flow paths in the internal regions of fine interlayers were undeveloped.Fluid flowed and bypassed the fine interlayers and along the sides of the packed beds.Flow velocity also indicated that the flow paths easily gathered in the pore throat where flow velocity(1.8×10^-5 m/s)suddenly increased.Fluid stagnant regions with a flow velocity lower than 0.2×10^-5 m/s appeared in flow paths with a large diameter.展开更多
A wheel tracking test was modelled to gain better understanding of the deflection and stress-strain distribution in an overlaid cracked pavements with and without membrane interlayer （SAMI）. For this purpose, commer...A wheel tracking test was modelled to gain better understanding of the deflection and stress-strain distribution in an overlaid cracked pavements with and without membrane interlayer （SAMI）. For this purpose, commercial finite element software Abaqus 6.7-1 was used. Two different models were considered, one incorporating stress absorbing membrane interlayers （SAMIs） and the other without SAMI. In the study, full bond condition was assumed for the boundaries between the layers, and a linear elastic model was used for the analysis. The results show that introduction of SAMI caused greater deflection of the pavement. It is found that although with SAMIs, low stiffness is required, a very low stiffness may yield undesirable results. The results show that the introduction of SAMIs results in high strain concentration around the crack region, whilst the strain in the overlay is smaller than the values predicted in the models without SAMIs.展开更多
Aqueous zinc-iodine(Zn-I_(2))batteries are promising candidates for low-cost grid-scale energy storage systems.However,the long-term stability and energy density of the Zn-I_(2)batteries are largely hindered by the la...Aqueous zinc-iodine(Zn-I_(2))batteries are promising candidates for low-cost grid-scale energy storage systems.However,the long-term stability and energy density of the Zn-I_(2)batteries are largely hindered by the lack of feasible and scalable methods that coherently suppress polyiodide shuttling and Zn dendrites growth,especially at high current densities.Herein,a flexible,thin and lightweight poly(3,4-ethy lenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate(PEDOT:PSS)nanopaper is designed as an“anion-cation regulation”synergistic interlayer to tackle the above issues.The PEDOT:PSS interlayer exhibits a 3D nanofibrous network with uniformly distributed mesopores,abundant polar groups and intrinsic conductivity,which renders an even Zn^(2+)flux at Zn anode and facilitates homogeneous current distributions at I_(2)cathode.Meanwhile,such interlayer can act as physiochemical shield to enhance the utilization of I_(2)cathode via the coulombic repulsion and chemical adsorption effect against polyiodide shuttling.Thus,long-term dendrite-free Zn plating/stripping is achieved at simultaneous high current density and high areal capacity(550 h at 10 m A cm^(-2)/5 m Ah cm^(-2)).Zn-I_(2)batteries harvest a high capacity(230 m Ah g^(-1)at 0.1 A g^(-1))and an ultralong lifespan(>20000 cycles)even at 10 A g^(-1).This work demonstrates the potential use of the multifunctional interlayers for Zn-I_(2)battery configuration innovation by synergistic regulation of cations and anions at the electrodes/electrolyte interface.展开更多
The practical application of Li metal anodes(LMAs)is limited by uncontrolled dendrite growth and side reactions.Herein,we propose a new friction-induced strategy to produce high-performance thin Li anode(Li@CFO).By vi...The practical application of Li metal anodes(LMAs)is limited by uncontrolled dendrite growth and side reactions.Herein,we propose a new friction-induced strategy to produce high-performance thin Li anode(Li@CFO).By virtue of the in situ friction reaction between fluoropolymer grease and Li strips during rolling,a robust organic/inorganic hybrid interlayer(lithiophilic LiF/LiC_(6)framework hybridized-CF_(2)-O-CF_(2)-chains)was formed atop Li metal.The derived interface contributes to reversible Li plating/stripping behaviors by mitigating side reactions and decreasing the solvation degree at the interface.The Li@CFO||Li@CFO symmetrical cell exhibits a remarkable lifespan for 5,600 h(1.0 mA cm^(-2)and 1.0 mAh cm^(-2))and 1,350 cycles even at a harsh condition(18.0 mA cm^(-2)and 3.0 mAh cm^(-2)).When paired with high-loading LiFePO4 cathodes,the full cell lasts over 450 cycles at 1C with a high-capacity retention of 99.9%.This work provides a new friction-induced strategy for producing high-performance thin LMAs.展开更多
Ti foil and Ti/Ni/Ti multiple interlayers were selected for the bonding of tungsten to copper and CuCrZr alloy.Theeffects of processing conditions on the microstructures and shear strength of the joints were investiga...Ti foil and Ti/Ni/Ti multiple interlayers were selected for the bonding of tungsten to copper and CuCrZr alloy.Theeffects of processing conditions on the microstructures and shear strength of the joints were investigated.When Tifoil is used for bonding of tungsten to pure copper but not transformed into liquid solution during the holding time,the strength of the joints is relatively low because of the multiple compound layers with brittleness formed in thebonding zone.The strength of the joints increases significantly if the Ti foil is transformed into liquid solution and ismostly extruded out of the bonding zone.The same phenomena are found in the case when Ti/Ni/Ti multi-interlayersare used for bonding tungsten to CuCrZr alloy.展开更多
The in situ zircon U-Pb-Lu-Hf isotope records from end-Permian volcanic interlayers in southwest China,integrated with previous studies,restructure the evolutionary history of the Yangtze Craton from Precambrian to La...The in situ zircon U-Pb-Lu-Hf isotope records from end-Permian volcanic interlayers in southwest China,integrated with previous studies,restructure the evolutionary history of the Yangtze Craton from Precambrian to Late Paleozoic.This includes early continental crust formation before 3.0 Ga and massive juvenile crustal growth at 2.6-2.4 Ga;large-scale crustal reworking at 2.1-1.7 Ga;Neoproterozoic crust addition at 1.1 to 0.7 Ga;collision and subduction along the craton margin between 700-541 Ma;Early Ordovician to Late Silurian magmatism;and large tectono-thermal events in the Middle Carboniferous to end-Permian.Some zircons with T(MD2)ages from 4.40 to 4.01 Ga and lower initial176Hf/177Hf values of 0.280592 to 0.280726 may imply the existence of Hadean crust relics beneath the Yangtze Craton and their provenances could be associated with Hadean crustal remelting.This study further clarifies that the Precambrian-age zircons between the end-Permian volcanic interlayers,the complexes in the western margin of the Yangtze Craton,and the sedimentary Kangdian Basin,may share an affinity based on similar U-Pb age spectra and Hf isotope features.It also shows that the Neoproterozoic tectono-thermal event may be associated with large-scale tectono-rifting activity,which is different from the Grenville-age continental collision between Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks in South China.The above findings support the inference of a widespread Archean basement extending to the western Yangtze Craton and a provenance in the Kangdian Basin that is derived from the weathering and erosion of Paleoproterozoic continental crust.展开更多
基金support for this work is received from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.U22B20144).
文摘The potential of the vertical-horizontal well hybrid SAGD technique for developing shallow heavy oil reservoirs is gradually being realized.However,challenges remain in terms of low thermal efficiency and high carbon emissions in reservoirs with interlayers.Currently,there is limited research on the low-carbon strategy of coupling exhaust gas from steam boilers with the VH-SAGD technique.Herein,considering heterogeneity,a series of flue gas-assisted VH-SAGD experiments were conducted employing a high-performance 2D visualization model.The mechanism of enhanced recovery of flue gas in VH-SAGD and the effect of its injection methods were studied,with a focus on steam chamber development and oil saturation distribution.Crucially,the interlayer length was optimized to enhance oil recovery,providing a new perspective for well location design in heavy oil reservoirs with interlayers.The results showed that flue gas,as an additive,could fully exploit the well-type advantage of VH-SAGD.By supplementing energy at the reservoir top,flue gas effectively promoted steam chamber development,expanded the oil drainage area of VH-SAGD,and increased the oil recovery from 58.9%to 71.7%.The flow channels formed by pre-injection flue gas accelerated the early-stage expansion of the steam chamber while also inducing lateral migration of steam,slowing steam rise,and consequently increasing the heating range within the low-permeability layer.When the distance between the vertical and horizontal wells was set to twice the interlayer length,the negative effects of the interlayer were more effectively turned into advantages.Because when the lateral development distance of the steam chamber in the low-permeability layer slightly exceeds the interlayer,enhanced heating of the lower part of the reservoir occurred through vertical convection of rising steam and returning condensate.The research results contribute to reducing carbon emissions from steam-based heavy oil extraction while advancing the maturity of VH-SAGD.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42202113)。
文摘Buried coastal sandstones would be of high-quality hydrocarbon reservoirs.Controlled by deposition and diagenesis,coastal sandstones mixed with muddy and calcareous materials are usually low in porosity and permeability and small in layer thickness.These impermeable inte rlayers act as baffles and barriers between flow units and are crucial in hydrocarbon development.Donghe Sandstone in the Hade Oilfield of Tarim Basin,NW China,belongs to coastal clastic reservoirs of high oil productivity.Following nearly 30 years of development,the distribution of remaining hydrocarbon resources is affected by the muddy,calcareous,and marlaceous interlayers.Taking the Donghe Sandstone as an example,a quantitative recognition method of interlayers in coastal sandstone reservoirs is proposed in this paper.Based on cores from 26 wells,the sensitive conventional log curves of different interlayers,namely the natural gamma-ray(GR),density(DEN),compensated neutron(CNL),and acoustic(AC),are extracted by the Extreme Gradient Boosting(XGBoost).Multi-mineral model(MMM)is used to calculate continuous curves for muddy,sandy,and calcareous contents by the mentioned sensitive logs.A set of quantitative standard system is established for identifying muddy,calcareous,and marlaceous interlayers based on their respective contents.The types of inte rlayers are identified across all vertical wells.The interlayers exhibit lateral continuity at the top of each bed-set.Interlayers are currently more developed in the slope region than in the coastal region.Muddy and marlaceous interlayers are more developed at high relative sea-level,while calcareous interlayers are more developed at low relative sea-level.The extended interlayers at the top of BS6 lead to two different oil-water contacts in the Donghe Sandstone.The proposed quantitative recognition method for interlayers provides valuable insights into the exploitation potential of petroleum systems in the Donghe Sandstone of the Hade Oilfield.The flexible and easy-to-use method can be applied to other marine sandstone reservoirs or similar formations.
基金funding support from the National Nature Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41931296)the Open Research Project of Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Major Hazard Source Monitoring and Control(Grant No.KFKT2023-4)the 57#Project(Grant No.JH2024015).
文摘Weak interlayers play a crucial role in the seismic performance of bedding slopes;however,the effects of structural surface development within these layers remain underexplored.This study presents two scaled models of bedding slopes,each with different weak interlayers:one with a homogeneous weak layer and another with discontinuous interfaces.Shaking table tests were conducted to compare their seismic performance.The results show that the peak ground acceleration(PGA)values above the weak interlayer in model A were significantly higher than those in model B,with the differences increasing as the input wave amplitude increased.The peak earth pressure(PEP)values at the tensile failure boundary at the rear edge of model A were also higher,whereas those within the weak layer at the toe of model A were lower than those in model B.Deformation analysis revealed that the maximum principal strain in model A initially appeared at the upper part of the tensile failure boundary,while the maximum shear strain was concentrated near the rear edge within the weak layer.In contrast,model B exhibited the opposite strain distribution.These findings provide insight into the impact of weak interlayers on the dynamic response and deformation of bedding slopes,highlighting the importance of considering this factor in seismic landslide investigations and failure mode predictions.
文摘Herein,3‑aminopropyltriethoxysilane(APTES)was used to modify F‑containing silica slag(SS)by simple grafting and served as a multifunctional barrier layer.The amino group(—NH2)in the amino‑modified SS(NH2‑SS)forms ligand bonds or hydrogen bonds with sulfur ions in lithium polysulfides(LiPSs),thus inhibiting the shuttle effect.Electrochemical analyses demonstrated that lithium‑sulfur(Li‑S)batteries employing the NH2‑SS interlayer exhibited discharge specific capacities of 1048 and 789 mAh·g^(-1) at 0.2C and 2C,respectively,and even at 4C,the initial discharge specific capacity remained at 590 mAh·g^(-1),outperforming the Li‑S battery with unmodified SS as the interlayer.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42090054)。
文摘0 INTRODUCTION During the geological evolution process,tectonic activities coupled with anthropogenic engineering disturbances have collectively contributed to the development of complex fracture-filling networks within rock masses(Feng et al.,2024;Tan et al.,2020;Li et al.,2019).The particle size distribution of infilling materials within fractures is susceptible to multiple controlling factors,including material composition,seepage-induced erosion,and tectonic disturbances(Zhang et al.,2024;Tan et al.,2023).
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12175089)the Key Research and Development Program of Yunnan Province,China(No.202103AF140006)+2 种基金Basic Research Programs of Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Department,China(Nos.202001AW070004,202301AS070051,202401AV070008)Yunnan Industrial Innovative Talents Program for“Xingdian Talent Support Plan”,China(No.KKXY202252001)Yunnan Major Scientific and Technological Projects,China(No.202202AG050003)。
文摘NaCu_(0.2)Fe_(0.3)Mn_(0.5)O_(2) (NCFM) cathode material was synthesized using a simple solid-state reaction, and the effect of calcination temperature on its interlayer spacing and oxygen vacancies concentration was investigated. Through electrochemical testing and material characterizations, higher calcination temperatures increase the electrostatic repulsion between oxygen atoms in adjacent layers, resulting in an expansion of Na layer spacing. This structural change enhances the diffusion kinetics of Na^(+), thereby significantly improving the rate performance of NCFM. Furthermore, elevated calcination temperatures facilitate the reduction of oxygen vacancies, leading to improved crystallinity. This enhancement in crystallinity mitigates structural strain during phase transitions, contributing to improved cyclic stability. Consequently, the optimized NCFM shows an initial discharge specific capacity of 143.3 mA·h/g at 0.1C, with a capacity retention rate of 79.28% after 100 cycles at 1C.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12502117,12272269,11972257)the Natural Science Foundation of Ningxia of China(No.2024AAC03018)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universitiesthe Shanghai Gaofeng Project for University Academic Program Development。
文摘Driven by the trend of device miniaturization and high-density integration,the interaction between adjacent electrodes has become a critical factor affecting the interfacial reliability of thermoelectric(TE)structures.This study investigates the influence of adjoining electrode interactions on the interfacial response of a multi-electrode/TE substrate structure,including interfacial stresses and stress intensity factors at the electrode ends.To solve the corresponding boundary-value problem,the Fourier transforms are adopted to derive a governing integro-differential equation for the interfacial shear stress in multi-electrode systems,incorporating the TE effects as generalized forces on the right-hand side.The results show that both the interfacial tension and transverse stress in the electrodes are significantly affected by the presence of adjacent electrodes.The interaction between neighboring electrodes diminishes as their spacing increases or when an adhesive interlayer is introduced.Furthermore,the softer and thinner electrodes,the softer and thicker adhesive interlayer,and the smaller TE loads are found to be beneficial for improving the interfacial performance.These findings may contribute to the accurate measurement in surface sensors and layout design of multi-point health monitoring systems for TE structures.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(52372180,92572105)The Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20250069)+3 种基金Project on Carbon Emission Peak and Neutrality of Jiangsu Province(BE2022031-4)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2242022K40001)The Start-up Research Fund of Southeast University(RF1028623081)Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(CSTB2025NSCQ-GPX0662).
文摘Lithium metal batteries(LMBs)have attracted huge attention due to super-high capacity and low reduction potential of lithium anode constructing high-energy/power density.However,the practical application of LMBs is significantly constrained by lithium dendrite growth and high reactivity of lithium anode.Herein,a novel functionalized interlayer that SbF3 is tandem on HKUST-1 skeleton forming favorable Sb-terminated groups structure(HKSF@PE),which were proposed and fabricated to construct highly stable LMBs.Theoretical calculations demonstrate that the Sb-terminated groups structure in this configuration display strong interaction with lithium,which can act as a cation receptor and adsorption sites,thereby promoting lithium-ion desolvation and improving lithium-ion transport kinetics.Meanwhile,in-situ XRD,Raman,and DRT analyses indicate that the HKSF assist the formation of LiF-rich and lithiophilic Li3Sb alloys at SEI/Li interface,regulating lithium depo-sition morphology and reconstructing a reinforced SEI interlayer.Consequently,Li|HKSF@PE|Li symmetric cell exhibits exceptional stability over 2500 h at 2 mA cm^(-2) with 1 mAh cm^(-2),and Li|HKSF@PE|LFP full cell demonstrates a high-capacity retention of 92.0%after 220 cycles even at a high rate of 5C.This work reveals the important role of terminated groups to achieve homogeneous lithium deposition and provide a way to construct stable LMBs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52001141 and 52475360).
文摘A thorny problem in the miscible Ti/Fe system is the unavoidable formation of numerous brittle intermetallic compounds(IMCs).Adding H62 interlayer is an essential method to reduce the brittle IMCs or decrease the brittleness.A joint with good formability and tensile properties was obtained.The microstructure and element distribution of the joint were observed by metallographic microscopy,scanning electron microscopy and electron probe microanalysis.The shear resistance exhibited an initial increase,followed by a subsequent decrease,with an increase in heat input.It reached a maximum value of 2470 N at a welding energy of 267 kJ/m.The Fe-Ti brittle IMCs in TC4/DP780 joints are replaced by Fe-Cu phase and Cu-Ti phase,which reduces the brittleness at TC4/DP780 interface.The results show that the TC4/DP780 joint forms numerousα-Cu andγ-Fe solid solutions through the mutual diffusion and solid solution between H62 and TC4 layers of metals,which effectively inhibits the diffusion of Ti atoms and reduces the formation of brittle Ti-Fe IMCs.At the H62/TC4 interface,a composite layer composed of Cu-Ti IMCs and Cu-based solid solutions is formed.The composite layer grows dendritically from the TC4 alloy to the H62 interlayer.The microstructure at the TC4/DP780 interface changes from fine dendrites to coarse dendrites with the increase in Ti content and heat input.When the heat input is lower,the interfacial elements do not react sufficiently.When the heat input is excessive,microcracks appear at the TC4/DP780 interface,which limits the improvement of mechanical properties of TC4/DP780 joint.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (MOST)(Grant No.2022YFA1402800)the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Presidents International Fellowship Initiative (PIFI)(Grant No.2025PG0006)+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)(Grant Nos.51831012,12274437,and 52161160334)the CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research (Grant No.YSBR-084)the CAS Youth Interdisciplinary Teamthe China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (Grant No.2025M773402)。
文摘Based on the Smit-Suhl formula,we propose a universal approach for solving the magnon-magnon coupling problem in bilayer coupled systems(e.g.,antiferromagnets).This method requires only the energy expression,enabling the automatic derivation of analytical expressions for the eigenmatrix elements via symbolic computation,eliminating the need for tedious manual calculations.Using this approach,we investigate the impact of magnetic hysteresis on magnon-magnon coupling in a system with interlayer Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction(DMI).The magnetic hysteresis leads to an asymmetric magnetic field dependence of the resonance frequency and alters the number of degeneracy points between the pure optical and acoustic modes.Moreover,it can result in the coupling strength at the gap of the f–H phase diagram being nearly vanishing,contrary to the conventionally expected maximum.These results deepen the understanding of the effect of interlayer DMI on magnon–magnon coupling and the proposed universal method significantly streamlines the solving process of magnon–magnon coupling problems.
基金Project(20130073110036)supported by the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China
文摘Amorphous Si O2（a-Si O2） films were synthesized on WC-Co substrates with H2 and tetraethoxysilane（TEOS） via pyrolysis of molecular precursor.X-ray diffraction（XRD） pattern shows that silicon-cobalt compounds form at the interface between a-Si O2 films and WC-Co substrates.Moreover,it is observed by transmission electron microscope（TEM） that the a-Si O2 films are composed of hollow mirco-spheroid a-Si O2 particles.Subsequently,the a-Si O2 films are used as intermediate films and chemical vapor deposition（CVD） diamond films are deposited on them.Indentation tests were performed to evaluate the adhesion of bi-layer（a-Si O2 ＋ diamond） films on cemented carbide substrates.And the cutting performance of bi-layer（a-Si O2 ＋ diamond） coated inserts was evaluated by machining the glass fiber reinforced plastic（GFRP）.The results show that a-Si O2 interlayers can greatly improve the adhesive strength of diamond films on cemented carbide inserts;furthermore,thickness of the a-Si O2 interlayers plays a significant role in their effectiveness on adhesion enhancement of diamond films.
文摘Terminal fans have formed the sedimentary system of the 2＋3 sands of the upper second member, Shahejie formation in the west of the Pucheng Oilfield, Bohai Bay Basin, East China. Based on well logging data and physical properties of the reservoir beds, the 2＋3 sands were divided into 16 sublayers. The heterogeneity of reservoir beds and distribution of interlayers and seal layers in the 2＋3 sands were investigated. The intra-layer heterogeneity and inter-layer heterogeneity primarily belong to the severely heterogeneous classification. The spatial differentiation of sedimentary microfacies resulted in a change of reservoir bed heterogeneity, strong in the middle and southern parts, weak in the northern part. Spatial distribution of interlayers and seal layers is dominated by sedimentary microfacies, and they are thick in north-eastern and middle parts, thin in the south-western part.
基金financially supported by the Shandong Taishan Industry Leading Talents Project(SF1503302301)
文摘In this research,2205/Q235 B clad plates were prepared by a vacuum hot rolling composite process.The effects of adding Fe,Ni,and Nb interlayers on the bonding interface structures and the shear strengths of the clad steel plates were studied.The results showed that 2205 duplex stainless steel and the three interlayers produced a large amount of plastic deformation and low-angle boundaries,and the main structures were the recrystallized and deformed grains.There were many recrystallized grains in the microstructure of the Q235 B low-carbon steel due to the low deformation in the rolling process.The Fe interlayer had better wettability with the two kinds of steel,but the lower strength led to the reduction of shear strength by about14 MPa compared with the original clad steel plate.The C element in the Q235 B low-carbon steel easily diffused into the Fe interlayer,and the clad steel plate attained a poor corrosion resistance because a large decarburization area was formed.The Nb interlayer reacted with the Mo element in the 2205 duplex stainless steel to form an Nb-Mo binary alloy,which generated long-banded ferrite.The decarburization area was also produced because the Nb reacted with the C element in the Q235 B to form hard and brittle NbCx.As a result,the shear strength was significantly reduced by about 282 MPa,and the corrosion resistance of the bonding surface was deteriorated.The Ni interlayer did not react with the alloy elements in both sides,and therefore effectively prevented element diffusion and improved the corrosion resistance of the bonding surface.Due to the low strength of the Ni interlayer and the increased number of bonding surfaces of the clad steel plates,the shear strength was reduced to some extent(about 40 MPa),but it still met the engineering application standards.
文摘Aluminum 5052(Al 5052)-stainless steel 316(SS 316)plates were explosively cladded with Al 1100,pure copper and SS 304 interlayers.The operational parameters viz.,standoff distance,explosive mass ratio(mass ratio of the explosive to the flyer plate)and inclination angle were varied and the results were presented.The advent of interlayer relocates the lower boundary of the welding window,and enhances the welding regime by 40%.A triaxial welding window,considering the influence of the third operational parameter,was developed as well.Use of interlayer transforms the continuous molten layer formed in the traditional Al 5052-SS 316 explosive clad interfaces into a smooth interface devoid or with a slender presence of intermetallic compounds.The microhardness,ram tensile and shear strengths of the interlayered clads are higher than those of the traditional explosive clads,and the maximum values are witnessed for stainless steel interlaced Al 5052-SS 316 explosive clads.
基金financially supported by the National Science Fund for Excellent Young Scholars(No.51722401)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.FRF-TP-18-003C1)the Key Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51734001)。
文摘Ore particles,especially fine interlayers,commonly segregate in heap stacking,leading to undesirable flow paths and changeable flow velocity fields of packed beds.Computed tomography(CT),COMSOL Multiphysics,and MATLAB were utilized to quantify pore structures and visualize flow behavior inside packed beds with segregated fine interlayers.The formation of fine interlayers was accompanied with the segregation of particles in packed beds.Fine particles reached the upper position of the packed beds during stacking.CT revealed that the average porosity of fine interlayers(24.21%)was significantly lower than that of the heap packed by coarse ores(37.42%),which directly affected the formation of flow paths.Specifically,the potential flow paths in the internal regions of fine interlayers were undeveloped.Fluid flowed and bypassed the fine interlayers and along the sides of the packed beds.Flow velocity also indicated that the flow paths easily gathered in the pore throat where flow velocity(1.8×10^-5 m/s)suddenly increased.Fluid stagnant regions with a flow velocity lower than 0.2×10^-5 m/s appeared in flow paths with a large diameter.
文摘A wheel tracking test was modelled to gain better understanding of the deflection and stress-strain distribution in an overlaid cracked pavements with and without membrane interlayer （SAMI）. For this purpose, commercial finite element software Abaqus 6.7-1 was used. Two different models were considered, one incorporating stress absorbing membrane interlayers （SAMIs） and the other without SAMI. In the study, full bond condition was assumed for the boundaries between the layers, and a linear elastic model was used for the analysis. The results show that introduction of SAMI caused greater deflection of the pavement. It is found that although with SAMIs, low stiffness is required, a very low stiffness may yield undesirable results. The results show that the introduction of SAMIs results in high strain concentration around the crack region, whilst the strain in the overlay is smaller than the values predicted in the models without SAMIs.
基金supported by the Outstanding Youth Scientist Foundation of Hunan Province(Grant No.2021JJ10017)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52173229)。
文摘Aqueous zinc-iodine(Zn-I_(2))batteries are promising candidates for low-cost grid-scale energy storage systems.However,the long-term stability and energy density of the Zn-I_(2)batteries are largely hindered by the lack of feasible and scalable methods that coherently suppress polyiodide shuttling and Zn dendrites growth,especially at high current densities.Herein,a flexible,thin and lightweight poly(3,4-ethy lenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate(PEDOT:PSS)nanopaper is designed as an“anion-cation regulation”synergistic interlayer to tackle the above issues.The PEDOT:PSS interlayer exhibits a 3D nanofibrous network with uniformly distributed mesopores,abundant polar groups and intrinsic conductivity,which renders an even Zn^(2+)flux at Zn anode and facilitates homogeneous current distributions at I_(2)cathode.Meanwhile,such interlayer can act as physiochemical shield to enhance the utilization of I_(2)cathode via the coulombic repulsion and chemical adsorption effect against polyiodide shuttling.Thus,long-term dendrite-free Zn plating/stripping is achieved at simultaneous high current density and high areal capacity(550 h at 10 m A cm^(-2)/5 m Ah cm^(-2)).Zn-I_(2)batteries harvest a high capacity(230 m Ah g^(-1)at 0.1 A g^(-1))and an ultralong lifespan(>20000 cycles)even at 10 A g^(-1).This work demonstrates the potential use of the multifunctional interlayers for Zn-I_(2)battery configuration innovation by synergistic regulation of cations and anions at the electrodes/electrolyte interface.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1904216 and U22A20141)the Natural Science Foundation of Changsha City(kq2208258).
文摘The practical application of Li metal anodes(LMAs)is limited by uncontrolled dendrite growth and side reactions.Herein,we propose a new friction-induced strategy to produce high-performance thin Li anode(Li@CFO).By virtue of the in situ friction reaction between fluoropolymer grease and Li strips during rolling,a robust organic/inorganic hybrid interlayer(lithiophilic LiF/LiC_(6)framework hybridized-CF_(2)-O-CF_(2)-chains)was formed atop Li metal.The derived interface contributes to reversible Li plating/stripping behaviors by mitigating side reactions and decreasing the solvation degree at the interface.The Li@CFO||Li@CFO symmetrical cell exhibits a remarkable lifespan for 5,600 h(1.0 mA cm^(-2)and 1.0 mAh cm^(-2))and 1,350 cycles even at a harsh condition(18.0 mA cm^(-2)and 3.0 mAh cm^(-2)).When paired with high-loading LiFePO4 cathodes,the full cell lasts over 450 cycles at 1C with a high-capacity retention of 99.9%.This work provides a new friction-induced strategy for producing high-performance thin LMAs.
文摘Ti foil and Ti/Ni/Ti multiple interlayers were selected for the bonding of tungsten to copper and CuCrZr alloy.Theeffects of processing conditions on the microstructures and shear strength of the joints were investigated.When Tifoil is used for bonding of tungsten to pure copper but not transformed into liquid solution during the holding time,the strength of the joints is relatively low because of the multiple compound layers with brittleness formed in thebonding zone.The strength of the joints increases significantly if the Ti foil is transformed into liquid solution and ismostly extruded out of the bonding zone.The same phenomena are found in the case when Ti/Ni/Ti multi-interlayersare used for bonding tungsten to CuCrZr alloy.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.40739903 and 41872137)。
文摘The in situ zircon U-Pb-Lu-Hf isotope records from end-Permian volcanic interlayers in southwest China,integrated with previous studies,restructure the evolutionary history of the Yangtze Craton from Precambrian to Late Paleozoic.This includes early continental crust formation before 3.0 Ga and massive juvenile crustal growth at 2.6-2.4 Ga;large-scale crustal reworking at 2.1-1.7 Ga;Neoproterozoic crust addition at 1.1 to 0.7 Ga;collision and subduction along the craton margin between 700-541 Ma;Early Ordovician to Late Silurian magmatism;and large tectono-thermal events in the Middle Carboniferous to end-Permian.Some zircons with T(MD2)ages from 4.40 to 4.01 Ga and lower initial176Hf/177Hf values of 0.280592 to 0.280726 may imply the existence of Hadean crust relics beneath the Yangtze Craton and their provenances could be associated with Hadean crustal remelting.This study further clarifies that the Precambrian-age zircons between the end-Permian volcanic interlayers,the complexes in the western margin of the Yangtze Craton,and the sedimentary Kangdian Basin,may share an affinity based on similar U-Pb age spectra and Hf isotope features.It also shows that the Neoproterozoic tectono-thermal event may be associated with large-scale tectono-rifting activity,which is different from the Grenville-age continental collision between Yangtze and Cathaysia blocks in South China.The above findings support the inference of a widespread Archean basement extending to the western Yangtze Craton and a provenance in the Kangdian Basin that is derived from the weathering and erosion of Paleoproterozoic continental crust.
